CN118481536A - Wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118481536A CN118481536A CN202410730713.7A CN202410730713A CN118481536A CN 118481536 A CN118481536 A CN 118481536A CN 202410730713 A CN202410730713 A CN 202410730713A CN 118481536 A CN118481536 A CN 118481536A
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a wear-resistant anti-erosion drill bit and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resistant erosion-resistant drill bit comprises a blade matrix and a protective layer; the surface of the protective layer is provided with a bionic boss component for shunting, the protective layer comprises a metal matrix layer and a metal matrix hard phase layer, the metal matrix layer is arranged in a gradient layering mode, the metal matrix layer is attached to the surface of the blade matrix, and the metal matrix hard phase layer is attached to the metal matrix layer. According to the embodiment of the application, the protective layer adopts a layered design of a material gradient formula, so that the stress generated in the preparation process of the protective layer can be reduced, and the service life of the protective layer is prolonged. Furthermore, the bionic boss component on the surface of the protective layer can shunt slurry, so that erosion of the slurry to the surface is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a wear-resistant anti-erosion drill bit and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of infrastructure construction and the increasing demand for energy, the demands placed on engineering equipment and materials for driving crushed rock are increasing. The complex and changeable stratum and the extreme drilling parameters bring more severe examination to the drilling tool.
In order to ensure that the drill bit of the drilling tool works more reliably, the surface strengthening layer of the blade matrix of the diamond drill bit is prepared by flame overlaying, plasma overlaying and other methods. Under the working conditions of high bit pressure and large discharge capacity drilling, the surface strengthening layer of the bit blade often has early failure of erosion and abrasion, the tooth fixing effect is poor, and the service life of the bit is too short. In the related art, in order to prolong the service life of the surface strengthening layer of the blade matrix, an armor protection mode is added at the position where the drill bit is easy to erode for protection. However, in actual use, the armor is found to be easily stripped under the erosion of silt, the whole armor falls into a drill hole to damage a drill bit, and the stress concentration is easy to occur at the welding part of the armor, so that the armor protection failure is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that in the related art, the protective layer on the surface of the blade matrix is influenced by erosion and concentrated welding stress, and is easy to fall off and failure, so that the service life of the drill bit is lower.
The application provides a wear-resistant anti-erosion drill bit and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that a protective layer is influenced by erosion and welding stress concentration, and the service life of the drill bit is lower due to easy falling and failure in the related art. Is a problem of (a).
Applicants have found that layered protective layers made using a material gradient formulation can reduce the stress created during the protective layer fabrication process. Meanwhile, the bionic surface formed by the bionic boss assembly can split the slurry, so that erosion of the slurry to the surface is reduced.
Based on the findings, the application provides the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present application provides a wear resistant and erosion resistant drill bit comprising: a blade base and a protective layer; wherein,
The surface of the protective layer is provided with a bionic boss component for shunting, the protective layer comprises a metal matrix layer and a metal matrix hard phase layer, the metal matrix layer is arranged in a gradient layering mode, the metal matrix layer is attached to the surface of the blade matrix, and the metal matrix hard phase layer is attached to the metal matrix layer.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the protective layer includes: the prefabricated blocks comprise a metal matrix layer and a metal matrix hard phase layer, the side surfaces of the prefabricated blocks are spliced and attached, and the splicing positions between two adjacent prefabricated blocks are located at the arc positions of the tooth holes of the blade matrix composite sheet.
In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, each of the prefabricated sections is provided with a mosaic block on a side surface, and two adjacent prefabricated sections are embedded by the mosaic blocks.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the bionic boss assembly includes: the plurality of boss strips are arranged on the surface of the protective layer at intervals.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the bionic boss assembly includes: the single bosses are arranged on the surface of the protective layer in a staggered manner.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the metal-based hard phase layer includes: the particle size of the ceramic hard phase in the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer is between 30 and 200 meshes, the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 40 to 65 percent of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase with the particle size between 30 and 80 meshes accounts for 10 to 50 percent of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the metal-based hard phase layer includes: the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coats the diamond particle composite layer, the particle size of the ceramic hard phase is 80-200 meshes, and the particle size of the coated diamond particles is 30-80 meshes. The weight of the coated diamond particles accounts for 10% -15% of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 35% -50% of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer.
With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the metal-based hard phase layer further includes: and the block hard phase is arranged in the metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, and comprises hard alloy blocks or tungsten coated heat-stable polycrystalline diamond.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit according to any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
Layering and preparing a metal matrix layer and a metal matrix hard phase layer according to a material gradient formula to generate a protective layer and a bionic boss assembly on the protective layer;
connecting the metal substrate layer side of the protective layer with the blade substrate;
And connecting the blade matrix with the composite sheet.
With reference to the second aspect, in some embodiments, the connecting the metal substrate layer side of the protective layer to the blade substrate includes:
and connecting a plurality of prefabricated blocks with the blade matrix through brazing. And machining the first tooth holes on the prefabricated block to be the same as the tooth holes of the metal matrix layer in diameter.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
the protective layer adopts the layered design of the material gradient formula, so that the stress generated in the preparation process of the protective layer can be reduced, and the service life of the protective layer is prolonged. Furthermore, the bionic boss component on the surface of the protective layer can shunt slurry, so that erosion of the slurry to the surface is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wear-resistant erosion-resistant drill bit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a protective layer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a prefabricated block provided with a single boss according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a prefabricated block provided with boss strips according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present application showing the attachment of a protective layer to a blade substrate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present application showing the attachment of a protective layer to a blade substrate;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an induction brazing tool according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 1. a blade base; 11. blade matrix composite sheet tooth cavities; 2. a protective layer; 21. a metal matrix layer; 22. a metal-based hard phase layer; 221. a bulk hard phase; 23. precast blocks; 231. a mosaic block; 232. a first tooth cavity; 3. a bionic boss assembly; 31. a boss strip; 32. a single boss; 4. a water hole; 5. a composite sheet; 6. a brazing layer; 7. a bracket; 8. briquetting; 9. an induction coil.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Aiming at the problems that the protective layer 2 on the surface of the blade matrix 1 is influenced by erosion and concentrated welding stress, and is easy to fall off and failure, so that the service life of the drill bit is lower in the related art.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the present application provides a wear resistant and erosion resistant drill bit comprising: a blade base body 1 and a protective layer 2; wherein,
The surface of the protective layer 2 is provided with a bionic boss component 3 for shunting, the protective layer 2 comprises a metal matrix layer 21 and a metal matrix hard phase layer 22 which are arranged in a gradient layering mode, the metal matrix layer 21 is attached to the surface of the blade matrix 1, and the metal matrix hard phase layer 22 is attached to the metal matrix layer 21.
It will be appreciated that the bionic boss assembly 3 forms a bionic surface on the surface of the protective layer 2, and can shunt the slurry, thereby reducing erosion of the surface by the slurry. Meanwhile, the protective layer 2 made of the material gradient formula can reduce stress generated in the preparation process of the protective layer 2, so that the service life of the protective layer 2 is prolonged. The problems that the composite sheet 5 falls off, the blade matrix 1 erodes and wears out and the like caused by the failure of the protective layer 2 on the surface of the blade due to mud erosion of the drill bit are solved, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.
Preferably, the protective layer 2 is reliably connected with the blade matrix 1 by adopting an induction brazing mode, so that the welding stress is reduced, the stress corrosion is reduced, and the service life of the protective layer is further prolonged.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the protective layer 2 includes: the prefabricated blocks 23 each comprise a metal matrix layer 21 and a metal matrix hard phase layer 22, the side surfaces of the prefabricated blocks 23 are spliced and attached, and the splicing position between two adjacent prefabricated blocks 23 is located at the arc position of the blade matrix composite sheet tooth cavity 11.
It will be appreciated that the splicing position between the prefabricated sections 23 is arranged at the arc position of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet, so that the assembly gap can be reduced, and the erosion surface of the slurry to the blade matrix 1 can be reduced.
In some specific embodiments, the length L 1 of the prefabricated section 23 is 10 mm-100 mm, the total thickness H 1 is 4 mm-6 mm, and the width W 1 from the bottom of the 5 tooth cavities of the composite sheet to the edge of the prefabricated section 23 is 10 mm-20 mm.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, each of the prefabricated sections 23 is provided with a mosaic 231 on a side surface, and two adjacent prefabricated sections 23 are respectively embedded by the mosaic 231. And the prefabricated block 23 is provided with a first tooth cavity 232 matched with the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet. The diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm smaller than the diameter of the blade matrix composite piece tooth cavity 11.
Further, the surface of each prefabricated block 23 is provided with a bionic boss assembly 3, the width W 4 of the mosaic block 231 is half of the width W 1 from the bottom of the first tooth cavity 232 to the edge of the prefabricated block 23, and the length L 3 of the mosaic block 231 is 2-20 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the bionic boss assembly 3 includes: the plurality of boss strips 31 are arranged on the surface of the protective layer 2 at intervals, and the adjacent boss strips 31 are arranged on the surface of the protective layer 2 at intervals.
In a specific embodiment, the width W 2 of the boss strip 31 is 3 mm-6 mm, the spacing S 1 between adjacent bionic continuous boss strips 31 is 2 mm-4 mm, and 2-3 bionic continuous boss strips 31 are arranged on the prefabricated block 23.
It will be appreciated that the plurality of boss strips 31 may form a bionic surface on the surface of the prefabricated section 23, such as a sand hill-shaped stripe arrangement, and the sand hill-shaped bionic structure may have an effect of diverting slurry.
In another preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the bionic boss assembly 3 includes: the single bosses 32 are arranged on the surface of the protective layer 2 in an stagger manner.
In a specific embodiment, the length L 2 of the single boss 32 is 5 mm-10 mm, and the width W 3 is 3 mm-6 mm; the spacing S 2 between each two adjacent rows of single bosses 32 is 2-4 mm, 2-3 rows of single bosses 32 are arranged on the precast block 23, and the spacing S 1 between the adjacent rows is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the single boss 32 may be configured in a crescent shape, and the plurality of single bosses 32 may be arranged to form a crescent-shaped sand hill bionic structure.
It should be noted that the plurality of single bosses 32 are staggered in a dune shape or a fish scale shape on the surface of the prefabricated block 23, and the mud is split by the bionic structure of the dune shape or the fish scale shape.
Further, in some alternative embodiments, each prefabricated section 23 in the protective layer 2 comprises a metal matrix layer 21 and a metal matrix hard phase layer 22, and is processed and prepared by adopting a sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology), overlaying, 3D printing and other methods in combination with the materials of the surface bionic boss assembly 3, and a proper preparation method is selected according to different formulation combinations.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness H 3 of the metal matrix layer 21 is 0.5mm to 2mm. The material of the metal matrix layer 21 can be selected from nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, copper-based alloy and other alloys with anti-erosion capability. Further, the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal matrix layer 21 is not more than 25-50 times different from that of the composite sheet 5 (i.e. tooth sheet) and the blade matrix 1, and can be well wetted with the ceramic hard phase. The melting point of the metal base layer 21 and the metal base material described below is higher than the melting point of the brazing material described below.
In a first alternative embodiment provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the metal-based hard phase layer 22 includes: the particle size of the ceramic hard phase in the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer is between 30 and 200 meshes, the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 40 to 65 percent of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase with the particle size of between 30 and 80 meshes (large particle size) accounts for 10 to 50 percent of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the preparation of the prefabricated block 23 for forming the metal matrix powder ceramic hard phase composite layer may be processed and prepared by sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology), build-up welding, 3D printing, etc. The bionic continuous boss strips 31 and/or the monomer bosses 32 on the surface of the precast block 23 are processed by metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layers, which are arranged in layers according to a material gradient formula.
The present application also provides a second embodiment, wherein the metal-based hard phase layer 22 comprises: the composite layer comprises a metal-based powder ceramic hard phase and a coated diamond particle composite layer, wherein the particle size of the ceramic hard phase is 80-200 meshes, and the particle size of the coated diamond particles is 30-80 meshes. The weight of the coated diamond particles accounts for 10% -15% of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 35% -50% of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer.
In the above embodiment, the preparation of the preformed block 23 for forming the composite layer of diamond particles coated with the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase is performed by sintering (pressureless impregnation) or 3D printing. The bionic continuous boss strips 31 and/or the monomer bosses 32 on the surface of the precast block 23 are processed by a metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer, which are arranged in layers according to a material gradient formula.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the metal-based hard phase layer 22 further includes: and a bulk hard phase 221 disposed in the composite layer of the metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles), wherein the bulk hard phase 221 comprises a cemented carbide block or a tungsten coated thermally stable polycrystalline diamond (hereinafter referred to as tungsten coated TSP) sheet.
Further, in a specific embodiment, the shape of the hard alloy or tungsten coated TSP sheet is a cone, the maximum diameter of the cone is phi 16mm～ф1 mm, the minimum diameter of the surface of the cone is phi 25mm～ф2 mm, the total height H 4 of the cone is 2.5 mm-6 mm, and the single boss 32 is arranged on the surface of the cone phi 2.
Further, the method for preparing the protective layer 2 in the embodiment where the protective layer 2 includes the metal matrix layer 21, the metal matrix powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coating diamond particles) composite layer, and the bulk hard phase 221 includes: the preparation is carried out by adopting sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology), putting hard alloy or tungsten coated TSP sheet into metal base powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, wherein bionic monomer boss 32 on the surface of hard alloy or tungsten coated TSP sheet is exposed on the surface of precast block 23. The diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 of the prefabricated block 23 is smaller than the diameter of the blade matrix composite sheet tooth cavity 11 by 0.1-0.2 mm. The blade base body 1 is provided with an assembly groove connected with the precast block 23, and the depth of the assembly groove is 1 mm-2 mm.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit according to any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
step S1, preparing a prefabricated block 23.
Specifically, the metal matrix layer 21 and the metal matrix hard phase layer 22 are prepared in layers according to a material gradient formula to generate the protective layer 2 and the bionic boss component 3 on the protective layer 2.
It should be noted that different preparation methods may be selected according to the kind of the metal-based hard phase layer 22. Such as:
In the embodiment in which the protective layer 2 includes the metal matrix layer 21, the metal matrix powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, and the bulk hard phase 221. The preparation method of the protective layer 2 comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of adopting a sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology) to process and prepare, putting a hard alloy or tungsten coated TSP sheet into a metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, wherein a bionic monomer boss 32 on the surface of the hard alloy or tungsten coated TSP sheet is exposed on the surface of the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant precast block 23. Alternatively, the first tooth cavity 232 of the prefabricated section 23 has a diameter smaller than the blade matrix composite sheet tooth cavity 11 by 0.1-0.2 mm. The blade base body 1 is provided with an assembly groove connected with the precast block 23, and the depth of the assembly groove is 1 mm-2 mm.
Whereas the metal-based hard phase layer 22 comprises only: in the embodiment of the metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, the metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer can be processed and prepared by adopting a sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology), overlaying, 3D printing and other methods, and a proper preparation method is selected according to different formula combinations. The bionic continuous boss strips 31 and/or the monomer bosses 32 on the surface of the precast block 23 are processed by a metal-based powder hard phase (ceramic hard phase or ceramic hard phase coated diamond particles) composite layer, which are arranged in layers according to a material gradient formula. In some alternative embodiments, the first cavity 232 of the preform 23 has a diameter less than the blade matrix composite sheet cavity 11 and a difference between the diameters is between 0.1mm and 0.2 mm. The blade base body 1 is provided with an assembly groove connected with the precast block 23, and the depth of the assembly groove is 1 mm-2 mm.
Step S2, connecting the metal substrate layer 21 side of the protective layer 2 to the blade substrate 1.
Preferably, the prefabricated block 23 of the protection layer 2 is connected with the blade matrix 1 by adopting an induction brazing technology. The induction brazing process parameters are preferably that the output current is 300A-500A, the oscillation frequency is 30 kHz-100 kHz, the distance from an induction coil to the prefabricated block 23 is 3 mm-20 mm, and the heat preservation time is 10 s-60 s, so that the brazing filler metal is ensured to be melted. The brazing material can be copper-based brazing filler metal, silver-based brazing filler metal and other high-melting-point materials, and the melting point of the brazing material is 600-900 ℃. The brazing material can be in the shape of sheet, wire or the like, wherein the thickness of the sheet brazing material is 0.2-1 mm, and the diameter of the wire brazing material is 0.5-1 mm.
It will be appreciated that the induction brazing process may ensure reliable connection of the prefabricated block 23 to the blade matrix 1, reducing the welding stress and thus stress corrosion, further improving the service life of the protective layer 2.
Specifically, the process of connecting the prefabricated section 23 of the protective layer 2 with the blade substrate 1 includes:
Step a, firstly, graphite pieces with the same diameter as the first tooth holes 232 of the prefabricated block 23 are loaded into the tooth holes 11 of the blade matrix composite piece of the blade matrix 1.
Step b, the brazing material is loaded into the assembly groove of the blade body 1.
And c, installing the prefabricated block 23 in the assembly groove of the blade matrix 1 and on the graphite substitution sheet.
And d, connecting the metal matrix layer 21 side of the prefabricated block 23 with the blade matrix 1.
And e, machining the first tooth cavity 232 on the prefabricated block 23 to be the same as the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet in diameter.
And f, finally taking out the graphite substitution sheet, and carrying out braze welding on the composite sheet 5 and the blade matrix 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the invention needs to be assisted by an induction brazing tool when a brazing technology is implemented, the brazing tool can realize 3-dimensional movement through a bracket 7, and the bracket 7 is made of nonmagnetic steel materials; the manual movable support 7 adjusts the induction brazing position, the pressing block 8 is 1 mm-2 mm thicker than the induction coil 9, the pressing block 8 is used for giving a certain force to the precast block 23 in the brazing process, and the pressing block 8 can be made of nonmagnetic steel materials or ceramic materials. The manual moving support 7 sequentially heats the precast blocks 23 to realize brazing.
Further, the above brazing material is preformed in the blade base 1 fitting groove, and the metal base layer 21 of the preformed block 23 is placed on the brazing material. Then the bit blade base body 1 is adjusted to the horizontal position, and a brazing layer 6 is formed between the prefabricated block 23 and the blade base body 1 by adopting the induction brazing process and the fixture. After the induction brazing of one blade matrix 1 and the prefabricated block 23 of the drill bit is completed, the other blade matrix to be welded is adjusted to be horizontal for induction brazing until the prefabricated block 23 of the whole drill bit is connected with the blade matrix 1. Finally, after the connection of the prefabricated block 23 on the drill bit and the blade matrix 1 is completed, the diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 of the prefabricated block 23 is processed to be the same as the diameter of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet in a grinding or machining mode
And step S3, connecting the blade matrix 1 with the composite sheet 5.
Specifically, the composite sheet 5 is brazed to the blade base 1, and finally a drill bit having wear resistance and erosion resistance is formed.
Further, the present application provides two specific examples of the preparation method:
A first embodiment comprises:
Step 1: the protective layer 2 of the embodiment is arranged on the blade matrix 1 by adopting a segmentation design, the protective layer 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of precast blocks 23, as shown in fig. 2, the length L2 of the precast block 23 is 10 mm-30 mm, the width W2 from the bottom of the first tooth cavity 232 to the edge of the precast block 23 is 20mm, and the total thickness H2 is 5 mm-6 mm.
Step 2: in the concrete implementation process, the profile of the precast block 23 adopts a sand hill type continuous boss strip 31 as shown in fig. 3, the height of the sand hill type continuous boss strip 31 above the precast block 23 is 2 mm-3 mm, the width of the boss strip 31 is 5mm, the horizontal included angles of the windward slope, the leeward slope and the precast block 23 of the sand hill type continuous boss strip are 20-45 degrees, and the slope top is in arc transition. The interval between the adjacent continuous boss strips 31 is 3mm, and 2 continuous boss strips 31 are arranged on the precast block 23. The design shunts the slurry flowing out of the water hole 4 at high speed, thereby reducing erosion of the slurry to the protective layer.
Step 3: in the concrete implementation process, the side edge of the prefabricated block 23 is also designed with an assembling mosaic block 231, and the length L3 of the assembling mosaic block 231 is 2mm and the width is 10mm. The prefabricated block 23 is spliced through the assembling mosaic block 231, and sand dune type continuous boss strips 31 are arranged on the surface of the assembling mosaic block 231 to prevent the slurry flowing out of the water holes 4 from eroding the connecting joint of the prefabricated block 23.
Step 4: in the concrete implementation process, the precast block 23 adopts a material gradient formula that a metal base layer is a metal base powder ceramic hard phase, the grain size of the ceramic hard phase is 40-200 meshes, the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 60% of the total weight of the metal base powder ceramic hard phase, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase with large grain size accounts for 20% -30% of the total weight of the ceramic hard phase. The thickness of the metal matrix layer is 1 mm-2 mm. The metal matrix layer and the metal base material of the prefabricated block 23 are made of copper base alloy with the melting point of 1100-1200 ℃. The metal matrix layer and the metal matrix material of the prefabricated block 23 adopting the build-up welding process are nickel-based alloys, and the melting point is 1100-1300 ℃.
Step 5: in the concrete implementation process, the prefabricated block 23 is prepared by adopting a sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology) method and oxyacetylene flame surfacing. The prefabricated block 23 is sintered and deposited with a mold, and then the prefabricated block 23 is sintered and deposited. Specific parameters of the sintering process (pressureless impregnation technique) include: the heating temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 45-60 min, and the water cooling time is 70-100 min. The flame surfacing processing technology comprises the following steps: oxygen pressure: 0.20MPa to 0.65MPa; acetylene pressure: 0.02 MPa-0.09 MPa, nozzle size: 700 (Φ2.2 mm); flame type: 2-3 times of carbonization flame.
Step 6: in the concrete implementation process, the splicing position of the precast blocks 23 is arranged at the arc position of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet.
Step 7: in the concrete implementation process, the diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 of the precast block is smaller than the diameter of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet by 0.1-0.2 mm. The depth of the assembly groove of the blade matrix 1 is 1.5 mm-2 mm.
Step 8: the induction brazing process for connecting the prefabricated block 23 with the blade matrix 1 in the concrete implementation process comprises the following steps: the output current is 400A, the oscillation frequency is 30-60 kHz, the distance from the coil to the prefabricated block 23 is 3-10 mm, the heat preservation time is 10-60 s, and meanwhile, the induction brazing process is required to be adjusted according to the size of the prefabricated block 23, so that the brazing material is ensured to be melted.
Step 9: when the brazing technology is implemented, an induction brazing tool is needed to assist, the brazing tool can move in a 3-dimensional direction through the bracket 7, and the bracket 7 is made of austenitic stainless steel; the manual moving support 7 adjusts the induction brazing position, the pressing block 8 is 1 mm-2 mm thicker than the induction coil 9, the pressing block 8 is used for giving a certain force to the precast block 23 in the brazing process, and the pressing block 8 is made of ceramic materials. The manual moving support 7 sequentially heats the precast blocks 23 to realize brazing.
Step 10: in the specific implementation process, the brazing material is copper-based brazing filler metal with the sheet thickness of 0.2mm, and the melting point is 700-900 ℃.
Step 11: in the specific implementation process, the assembly sequence of the prefabricated block 23 and the blade matrix 1 is as follows: the step diameter graphite piece with the same diameter as the first tooth cavity 232 is firstly arranged in the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite piece, the brazing material is arranged in an assembling groove, then the prefabricated block 23 is arranged in the assembling groove of the blade matrix 1 and on the graphite piece, and the side of the metal matrix layer 21 is connected with the blade matrix 1.
Step 12: in the specific implementation process, the brazing material is prefabricated in the assembling groove of the blade matrix 1, and the prefabricated block is placed on the brazing material. Then the bit blade matrix 1 is adjusted to the horizontal position, the induction brazing tool is moved, and a brazing layer 6 is formed between the precast block 23 and the blade matrix 1 in sequence by adopting the induction brazing process.
Step 13: after the induction brazing of one blade matrix 1 and the prefabricated block 23 of the drill bit is completed, the other blade matrix 1 to be welded is adjusted to be horizontal for induction brazing until the prefabricated block 23 of the whole drill bit is connected with the blade matrix 1.
Step 14: in the specific implementation process, after the prefabricated block 23 is connected with the blade matrix 1, the diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 is machined to be the same as that of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet in a grinding or machining mode.
Step 15: after the prefabricated block 23 is connected with the blade matrix 1 in the specific implementation process, the brazing of the composite sheet 5 and the blade matrix 1 is performed
It should be noted that, in the first embodiment of the present application, the abrasion resistance of the protective layer 2 is improved by 108% compared with that of the conventional hard layer on the surface of the drill bit.
The second embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the protection layer 2 of the embodiment is arranged on the blade matrix 1 by adopting a segmentation design, the protection layer 1 is formed by splicing a plurality of precast blocks 23, the length L1 of the precast blocks is 10-50 mm, the width W1 from the bottom of the first tooth cavity 232 of the precast block to the edge of the precast block 23 is 20mm, and the total thickness H1 is 5-6 mm.
Step 2: the prefabricated section 23 of this embodiment adopts sand dune-shaped monomer boss 32 in appearance, sand dune monomer boss 32 adopts conical, monomer boss 32 cone maximum diameter is phi 8mm, cone minimum diameter is phi 6mm, boss height is 2mm ~ 3mm, thickness is interval about 4mm between adjacent row's monomer boss 32, angle between sand dune windward slope of monomer boss 32 and prefabricated section 23 level is 15 ~ 30, sand dune lee slope of monomer boss 32 and prefabricated section 23 horizontal contained angle is 20 ~ 45, the slope top is the circular arc transition, arrange 2 rows on the prefabricated section 23, boss monomer is misplaced between the adjacent row, interval is 2mm between the adjacent row.
Step 3: in the concrete implementation process, the side edge of the prefabricated block 23 is also designed with an assembling mosaic block 231, and the length L3 of the assembling mosaic block 231 is 2mm and the width is 10mm. The prefabricated block 23 is spliced through the assembling mosaic block 231, and a boss design is arranged on the surface of the assembling mosaic block 231 to prevent erosion of the connecting seam of the prefabricated block 23 caused by slurry flowing out of the water hole 4.
Step 4: in the concrete implementation process, the precast block 23 adopts a material gradient formula of a metal base layer, namely a metal-based ceramic hard phase composite layer and a tungsten coated TSP sheet, sand-hill-shaped monomer bosses 32 are designed on the surface of the tungsten coated TSP sheet, the total thickness of the tungsten coated TSP sheet is 4mm, the other end of the tungsten coated TSP sheet is inlaid in the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer, the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer completely wraps the cone-shaped tungsten coated TSP sheet, and only the sand-hill-shaped boss monomers 32 are exposed on the surface of the precast block 23. Further, the thickness of the metal matrix layer 21 is 1mm, and the metal matrix layer and the metal matrix material of the prefabricated block 23 are copper-based alloys with a melting point of 1100-1200 ℃ in the sintering process.
Step 5: in the concrete implementation process, the grain size of the ceramic hard phase is 80-200 meshes, the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 55% of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase with large grain size accounts for 10% -30% of the total weight of the ceramic hard phase.
Step 6: the prefabricated block 23 is manufactured by a sintering technology (pressureless impregnation technology) method in the concrete implementation process. The preparation of the prefabricated block 23 for sintering is completed by a mold, powder is sequentially filled into the mold, and then the prefabricated block 23 is sintered. The sintering process comprises the following steps: the heating temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 45-60 min, and the water cooling time is 70-100 min.
Step 7: in the concrete implementation process, the splicing position of the precast blocks 23 is arranged at the arc position of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet.
Step 8: in the specific implementation process, the diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 of the prefabricated block 23 is smaller than the diameter of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet by 0.1-0.2 mm. The depth of the assembly groove of the blade matrix 1 is 1.5 mm-2 mm.
Step 9: the induction brazing process for connecting the prefabricated block 23 with the blade matrix 1 in the concrete implementation process comprises the following steps: the output current is 350A-400A, the oscillation frequency is 30-60 kHz, the distance from the coil to the prefabricated block 23 is 3-10 mm, the heat preservation time is 10-60 s, and the induction brazing process is adjusted according to the size of the prefabricated block 23 to ensure that the brazing material is melted.
Step 10: when the brazing technology is implemented, an induction brazing tool is needed to assist, the brazing tool can move in a 3-dimensional direction through the bracket 7, and the bracket 7 is made of austenitic stainless steel; the manual moving support 7 adjusts the induction brazing position, the pressing block 8 is 1 mm-2 mm thicker than the induction coil 9, the pressing block 8 is used for giving a certain force to the precast block 23 in the brazing process, and the pressing block 8 is made of ceramic materials. The manual moving support 7 sequentially heats the precast blocks 23 to realize brazing.
Step 11: in the concrete implementation process, the brazing material is silver-based brazing filler metal with the diameter of phi 0.5mm, and the melting point is 700-900 ℃.
Step 12: in the specific implementation process, the assembly sequence of the prefabricated block 23 and the blade matrix 1 is as follows: the step diameter graphite alternate piece with the same diameter as the first tooth cavity 232 is firstly arranged in the tooth cavity 11 of the cutter wing matrix composite piece, the brazing material is arranged in the assembling groove of the cutter wing matrix 1, then the prefabricated block 23 is arranged in the assembling groove of the cutter wing matrix 1 and on the graphite alternate piece, and the side of the metal matrix layer 21 is connected with the cutter wing matrix 1.
Step 13: in the specific implementation, the brazing material is prefabricated in the assembly groove of the blade substrate 1, and the prefabricated block 23 is placed on the brazing material. Then the bit blade matrix 1 is adjusted to the horizontal position, the induction brazing tool is moved, and a brazing layer 6 is formed between the precast block 23 and the blade matrix 1 in sequence by adopting the induction brazing process.
Step 14: after the induction brazing of one blade matrix 1 and the precast blocks 23 of the drill bit is completed, the other blade matrix 1 to be welded is adjusted to be horizontal for induction brazing until all the precast blocks 23 of the whole drill bit are connected with the blade matrix 1.
Step 15: in the specific implementation process, after the prefabricated block 23 is connected with the blade matrix 1, the diameter of the first tooth cavity 232 is machined to be the same as that of the tooth cavity 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet in a grinding or machining mode.
Step 16: in the specific implementation process, after the prefabricated block 23 is connected with the blade matrix 1, the brazing of the composite sheet 5 and the blade matrix 1 is performed.
In summary, the protective layer 2 of the present application adopts a layered design of a material gradient formulation, so that stress generated in the preparation process of the protective layer can be reduced, and the service life of the protective layer 2 can be prolonged. The composite layer material structure of the protective layer 2 and the blade matrix 1 of the drill bit have better connectivity, and stress corrosion is reduced. And the bionic boss component 3 on the surface of the protective layer 2 can shunt slurry, so that erosion of the slurry on the surface is reduced. Furthermore, in the preparation method, the method of welding the prefabricated block 23 and then assembling the composite sheet 5 of the drill bit is adopted, so that the part of the blade matrix 1 beside the tooth hole 11 of the blade matrix composite sheet can be completely wrapped, the assembly gap is reduced, the erosion of sediment is more resistant, and the welded prefabricated block 23 is ensured not to fall off, thereby the drill bit has longer service life.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment/manner," "some embodiments/manner," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/manner or example is included in at least one embodiment/manner or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment/manner or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/modes or examples described in this specification and the features of the various embodiments/modes or examples can be combined and combined by persons skilled in the art without contradiction.
It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically specified otherwise.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A wear resistant and erosion resistant drill bit comprising:
a blade base body (1);
The bionic boss assembly comprises a protective layer (2), wherein a bionic boss assembly (3) used for shunting is arranged on the surface of the protective layer, the protective layer (2) comprises a metal matrix layer (21) and a metal matrix hard phase layer (22) which are arranged in a gradient layering mode, the metal matrix layer (21) is attached to the surface of the blade matrix (1), and the metal matrix hard phase layer (22) is attached to the metal matrix layer (21).
2. The wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective layer (2) comprises: the prefabricated sections (23) each comprise a metal matrix layer (21) and a metal matrix hard phase layer (22), the prefabricated sections (23) are arranged in a side face splicing and fitting mode, and the splicing positions between two adjacent prefabricated sections (23) are located at the arc positions of the blade matrix composite sheet tooth holes (11) of the blade matrix (1).
3. The wear resistant and erosion resistant drill of claim 2 wherein: each prefabricated block (23) side all is equipped with mosaic block (231), and two adjacent prefabricated blocks (23) all pass through mosaic block (231) gomphosis setting.
4. The wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic boss assembly (3) comprises: the plurality of boss strips (31) are arranged on the surface of the protective layer (2) at intervals, and the adjacent boss strips (31) are arranged on the surface of the protective layer (2) at intervals.
5. The wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic boss assembly (3) comprises: the single bosses (32) are arranged on the surface of the protective layer (2) in an stagger way.
6. The wear resistant and erosion resistant drill bit of claim 1 wherein: the metal-based hard phase layer (22) includes: the particle size of the ceramic hard phase in the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer is between 30 and 200 meshes, the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 40 to 65 percent of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase with the particle size between 30 and 80 meshes accounts for 10 to 50 percent of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer.
7. The wear resistant and erosion resistant drill bit of claim 1, wherein the metal-based hard phase layer (22) comprises: the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer comprises a ceramic hard phase with the particle size of 80-200 meshes and coated diamond particles with the particle size of 30-80 meshes, wherein the weight of the coated diamond particles accounts for 10% -15% of the total weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer, and the weight of the ceramic hard phase accounts for 35% -50% of the weight of the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer.
8. The wear resistant and erosion resistant drill as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the metal-based hard phase layer (22) further comprises: and the block hard phase (221) is arranged in the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase composite layer or the metal-based powder ceramic hard phase coated diamond particle composite layer, and the block hard phase (221) comprises hard alloy blocks or tungsten coated heat stable polycrystalline diamond.
9. A method of making a wear resistant erosion resistant drill according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
Layering and preparing a metal matrix layer (21) and a metal matrix hard phase layer (22) according to a material gradient formula to generate a protective layer (2) and a bionic boss component (3) on the protective layer (2);
Connecting the side of a metal matrix layer (21) of the protective layer (2) with the blade matrix (1);
and connecting the blade matrix (1) with the composite sheet (5).
10. A method of manufacturing as claimed in claim 9, wherein said joining of the metal substrate layer (21) side of the protective layer (2) to the blade substrate (1) comprises:
connecting a plurality of prefabricated blocks (23) with the blade matrix (1) through brazing;
the first tooth cavity (232) on the prefabricated block (23) is processed to be the same as the tooth cavity diameter of the metal matrix layer (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410730713.7A CN118481536A (en) | 2024-06-06 | 2024-06-06 | Wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410730713.7A CN118481536A (en) | 2024-06-06 | 2024-06-06 | Wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit and preparation method thereof |
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| CN118481536A true CN118481536A (en) | 2024-08-13 |
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| CN202410730713.7A Pending CN118481536A (en) | 2024-06-06 | 2024-06-06 | Wear-resistant and erosion-resistant drill bit and preparation method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118481536A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-06-06 CN CN202410730713.7A patent/CN118481536A/en active Pending
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