CN118472634B - Manufacturing method of vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome, which comprises the following steps: step S1, arranging two luneberg lenses on an antenna housing; s2, carrying out planarization treatment on the two Longber lenses; and S3, decoupling the two Roberts lenses. The invention provides a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome, which carries out planar design on the traditional sphere and is easy to realize invisible installation of a radar. By adopting the double-lens design, the edge effect of the receiving and transmitting antenna can be greatly weakened, and the risk of sudden gain reduction at the edge of the lens in the frequency sweeping process of the receiving and transmitting antenna is avoided. The method for decoupling the double-plane lens is adopted to design and simulate the appearance, structure and material of the double-plane lens, so that the coupling influence of the double-plane lens during large-angle operation is greatly optimized, and the radar performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted radars.
Background
At present, in the field of vehicle-mounted radars, in order to ensure driving safety and realize long-distance detection of millimeter wave radars, a 24 GHz-frequency-band lens radar is generally adopted for detecting and identifying a forward target. The radome of the current lens radar is realized by adopting a conventional hemispherical luneberg lens, and the lens radome can effectively increase the antenna gain, so that the remote detection function of the radar is realized; the non-lens radar adopts the antenna forms of a linear array and an area array to realize high gain and long-distance detection of the antenna.
In the prior art, most of lens radars detect and identify forward targets by using 24 GHz-band lens radars, which is limited by current regulatory restrictions, and 24 GHz-band is limited in new product development, so that the 24 GHz-band needs to be shifted to 76-81 GHz-band. Meanwhile, the radome of the current lens radar is realized by adopting a conventional hemispherical luneberg lens, and is limited by a spherical structure, the overall thickness of the whole radar is large, the co-model property is poor in vehicle body installation, and effective invisible installation cannot be realized; meanwhile, the current lens radome is shared by a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, with the rising of the current 4D millimeter wave radar, the number of the transmitting and receiving antennas is continuously increased, the antennas are necessarily positioned at the edge of the lens radome, and the lens effect is obviously weakened at the position, so that the caliber efficiency of the radar is greatly influenced. The non-lens radar adopts the antenna forms of a linear array and an area array, so that the volume of the radar can be greatly increased, and the miniaturization design is not facilitated. The current non-lens millimeter wave radar antenna with the frequency range of 76-81GHz is designed by adopting a patch antenna, a substrate dielectric waveguide antenna or a slot antenna, and the radome is designed by adopting a common pure planar structure made of PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) material. The three types of antennas all need to adopt a linear array or an area array to realize high gain of the antennas, and meanwhile, as the number of transmitting and receiving antennas is continuously increased, the whole volume of the radar is overlarge, so that hidden installation of a vehicle body is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome, which is characterized in that the traditional sphere is subjected to planar design, so that the invisible installation of a radar is easy to realize. By adopting the double-lens design, the edge effect of the receiving and transmitting antenna can be greatly weakened, and the risk of sudden gain reduction at the edge of the lens in the frequency sweeping process of the receiving and transmitting antenna is avoided. The method for decoupling the double-plane lens is adopted to design and simulate the appearance, structure and material of the double-plane lens, so that the coupling influence of the double-plane lens during large-angle operation is greatly optimized, and the radar performance is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome comprises the following steps:
step S1, arranging two luneberg lenses on an antenna housing;
s2, carrying out planarization treatment on the two Longber lenses;
And S3, decoupling the two Roberts lenses.
Further, in the step S2, a planarization process is performed on the two luneberg lenses, which specifically includes the following steps:
When the surface of the Robert lens is in contact with the antenna array, the Robert lens is converted from a spherical lens to a plane circular lens, and a coordinate conversion formula is as follows:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, The transformation proportionality coefficient of the z axis is that R is the radius of the spherical lens and R is the radius variable;
According to an electromagnetic wave transformation theory, carrying out corresponding electromagnetic parameter transformation on a plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,The distribution is tensor form distribution of relative magnetic permeability, and A is a Jacobian matrix;
the position transformation relation of each point before and after the coordinate transformation of the jacobian matrix A is as follows:
；
；
Will A and Substituting the electromagnetic parameter transformation formula of the plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain:
；
；
and then, according to a fluctuating Helmholtz equation, the method comprises the following steps of:
；
rotation angle of current coordinate system The method comprises the following steps:
；
electromagnetic parameter distribution combined with spherical lens And parametersEliminating off-diagonal components in parameters to obtain new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is a new tensor form distribution of relative dielectric constants,Is a tensor form distribution of the new relative permeability.
Further, in the step S2, the planarization process is performed on the two luneberg lenses, and the method further includes the following steps:
when the surface of the Robert lens is not contacted with the antenna array, the Robert lens is converted from a spherical lens to a plane circular lens, and a coordinate conversion formula is as follows:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, A conversion scaling factor for the z-axis;
thereby obtaining the corresponding plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,Is a tensor form distribution of relative permeability.
Further, in the step S3, decoupling processing is performed on the two luneberg lenses, which specifically includes the following steps:
Converting the planar circular lens into a planar elliptical lens, setting the radius of the planar circular lens as R, the semi-major axis of the planar elliptical lens as R L, the semi-minor axis as R W, and the semi-major axis as R L = R, the semi-minor axis Here, whereRepresenting the lateral decoupling ratio of the lens;
According to the electromagnetic wave conversion theory, the decoupling of the planar circular lens can be expressed by coordinate conversion:
The electromagnetic parameters can be obtained from the coordinate changes as follows:
wherein, A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar circular lens,Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar circular lens; A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar elliptical lens, Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar elliptical lens; here, the relationship between the positions of the points before and after the coordinate transformation is represented by the jacobian matrix a:
；
By combining the change of the jacobian matrix A and the electromagnetic parameters, the distribution of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the planar circular lens converted into the planar elliptical lens can be obtained as follows:
；
；
wherein if the scheme that the surface of the Roxburgh lens is contacted with the antenna array is adopted, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:；
If a scheme is adopted in which the surface of the Robertian lens is not in contact with the antenna array, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:
。
by adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The radome of the traditional lens radar is realized by adopting a conventional hemispherical luneberg lens, is limited by a spherical structure, has a thicker overall thickness of the overall radar and poor co-model property in vehicle body installation, creatively carries out planarization design on the traditional spherical shape, reduces the thickness of the lens by at least more than 50 percent, and is easy to realize stealth installation of the radar.
2. The traditional lens radome is shared by a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, but the number of channels of the millimeter wave frequency band transmitting and receiving antennas is continuously increased, and as an antenna positioned at the edge of the lens radome, the wave focusing effect of the lens on the lens radome is obviously weakened, so that the caliber efficiency of the radar is greatly influenced. The design of double lenses is innovatively adopted, so that the receiving and transmitting antennas are all located at the center of the lenses, and the maximization of the antenna gain is realized on the premise of limited size.
3. The dual-lens design is innovatively adopted, so that the edge effect of the receiving and transmitting antenna can be greatly weakened, and the risk of sudden gain reduction at the edge of the lens in the frequency sweeping process of the receiving and transmitting antenna is avoided.
4. The method for decoupling the double-plane lens is innovatively adopted, the appearance, structure and material of the double-plane lens are designed and simulated, the coupling influence of the double-plane lens during large-angle operation is greatly optimized, the antenna gain in a simulation example is improved from 13.6dB to 15.4dB, and the performance improvement is obvious.
5. The arrangement condition of the lens and the antenna is innovatively analyzed, the close and separation conditions of the antenna and the lens are further verified, and the lens and the antenna can be adapted to various application scenes in practical application.
6. Limited by current regulations, the 24GHz frequency band cannot be used for starting new products, so that the 76-81GHz frequency band is adopted for designing the millimeter wave radar, the size of the patch antenna can be designed smaller, and the miniaturization design of the radar is easier to realize.
7. The radar adopts the 76-81GHz frequency band as the bandwidth of the working frequency band for detection, the working bandwidth is wider, and the speed measurement performance of the radar is in direct proportion to the bandwidth, so that the radar has obvious improvement on the ranging performance.
8. Compared with the traditional radar scheme, the traditional radome is replaced by the lens for design, the traditional radome material is only a wave-transmitting material, the antenna gain cannot be improved, and after the lens radar is adopted, the antenna gain is greatly improved, so that the antenna is not required to be designed by adopting a linear array and an area array in the earlier stage of design, and the radiation patch unit can meet the design requirement.
9. After the traditional radome is replaced by the lens radar, the antenna size including the length and width of the radar is effectively improved, so that the high-frequency plate used by the radar is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the electromagnetic field trace of a Robert lens of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first case of planarization treatment of the Robert lens of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second case of planarization treatment of the Robert lens of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of coupling trends for a biplane lens of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of decoupling of a planar circular lens to a planar elliptical lens of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the coupling between two lenses for different delta conditions at 60 for beam pointing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a radar employing a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of the antenna under different delta conditions according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome, which comprises the following steps:
And S1, arranging two luneberg lenses on the radome, wherein one luneberg lens is matched with the transmitting antenna array, and the other luneberg lens is matched with the receiving antenna array.
The Roberts lens is an effective way for realizing high radiation gain of the antenna in the development of radar antennas, and is therefore commonly used in the design of various high gain antennas.
First, as shown in fig. 2, the electromagnetic wave trace inside the luneberg lens is analyzed, and the electromagnetic wave is extracted fromPoint incidence, a constant amount of electromagnetic wave propagation can be obtained:
；
Substituting refractive index distribution of lens and electromagnetic wave invariant into equation of gradient lens In the middle, can obtain:
；
Let u=here The above formula can be simplified to:
；
solving the above equation yields the following equation:
The above solution is not unique, explain Integral of the positionSolutions can be obtained:
；
at the same time consider Taking outCan obtain
；
Since the electromagnetic parameters in the luneberg lens are distributed in a trapezoid, the singular pointLocated at the intersection of the electromagnetic wave track and the edge of the lens, the point being located atAndIntermediate position between thenAndThe middle included angle can be represented by the formulaAnd (3) calculating to obtain:
At the same time AndThe angle between them is
；
In the aboveIs the incident direction parallel to the axis andAt the position ofAn included angle is formed at the point, so that the electromagnetic wave meets another intersection point of the spherical surfaceOn the axis. Thus, an electromagnetic wave parallel to the axis enters the luneberg lens and then converges at a point on the other surface of the lens where the axis intersects the other surface of the lens. With reference to the principle of reversibility of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves entering the luneberg lens from the intersection point in the reverse direction will exit as parallel electromagnetic waves after passing through the lens, so in order to improve the radiation gain of the radar antenna, the luneberg lens is used as a basic lens for further design.
The lens gain of a lobed lens as a spherical lens depends on the size of the spherical lens, the larger the size, the larger the lens gain, and when a higher radiation gain is required, the cross section of the spherical lens will be high, resulting in a deviation in the overall co-type of the radar. The spherical lens is planarized, and the practical application value of the lens is further improved.
In order to avoid the situation that the gain of the radar of the single-lens radome is lower at the edge of the lens, the embodiment innovatively adopts a lens layout in a receiving-transmitting separation mode, namely, the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array adopt separate lenses to improve the radiation gain, and two independent lens structure designs are more free.
And S2, carrying out planarization treatment on the two Luneberg lenses.
Planarization treatment is carried out on two luneberg lenses, and two cases are divided: the first case is that the antenna array is in close proximity to the ball lens, i.e. the antenna array is in contact with the ball lens; the second case is that the antenna array is spaced from the ball lens by a gap, i.e. the antenna array is not in contact with the ball lens. The antenna array is closely attached to the spherical lens under the first condition, and the concept of free space is not introduced; in the second case, since the radiation antenna is not in an ideal close contact state due to a certain gap from the spherical lens, the concept of free space needs to be introduced in the analysis.
First case:
As shown in fig. 3, when the surface of the luneberg lens is in contact with the antenna array, the luneberg lens is converted from a spherical lens to a planar circular lens, and the coordinate conversion formula is:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, The transformation proportionality coefficient of the z axis is that R is the radius of the spherical lens and R is the radius variable;
according to the electromagnetic wave transformation theory, carrying out corresponding electromagnetic parameter transformation on a plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,The distribution is tensor form distribution of relative magnetic permeability, and A is a Jacobian matrix;
the position transformation relation of each point before and after the coordinate transformation of the jacobian matrix A is as follows:
；
；
Will A and Substituting the electromagnetic parameter transformation formula of the plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain:
；
；
and then, according to a fluctuating Helmholtz equation, the method comprises the following steps of:
；
rotation angle of current coordinate system The method comprises the following steps:
；
electromagnetic parameter distribution combined with spherical lens And parametersEliminating off-diagonal components in parameters to obtain new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is a new tensor form distribution of relative dielectric constants,Is a tensor form distribution of the new relative permeability.
Second case:
As shown in fig. 4, when the surface of the lober lens is not in contact with the antenna array, the lober lens is converted from a spherical lens to a planar circular lens, and the coordinate conversion formula is:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, A conversion scaling factor for the z-axis;
thereby obtaining the corresponding plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,Is a tensor form distribution of relative permeability.
In order to improve the application proportion of the lens antenna in actual products, the spherical lens is subjected to planarization treatment innovatively in the steps, so that the overall co-type property of the lens is improved, and the radar module is more beneficial to hidden vehicle-mounted installation; for the two cases of the conversion from the spherical lens to the plane circular lens, an optimal scheme can be selected according to actual conditions.
And S3, decoupling the two Luneberg lenses.
As shown in fig. 5, after the dual-lens arrangement is introduced, when the lenses are scanned to a relatively large angle, that is, when the scanning angle phi is large, the beams of the radiating units of the array antenna also form a relatively large beam inclination angle, and at the moment, the adjacent lenses are positioned on the signal propagation paths of the radiating units of the array antenna, so that the antenna gain of the radar is obviously reduced during large-angle detection, the antenna pattern is distorted, the phenomenon becomes a coupling effect between the dual lenses, and the coupling effect caused by the dual lenses is more serious when the scanning angle phi of the antenna is larger. In order to eliminate the coupling effects introduced in the case of large radiation angles, a structural optimization of the planar circular lens is carried out here.
As shown in fig. 6, the planar circular lens is converted into a planar elliptical lens, the radius of the planar circular lens is R, the semi-major axis of the planar elliptical lens is R L, the semi-minor axis is R W, and the semi-major axis R L =r, the semi-minor axisHere, whereRepresenting the lateral decoupling ratio of the lens;
According to the electromagnetic wave conversion theory, the decoupling of the planar circular lens can be expressed by coordinate conversion:
The electromagnetic parameters can be obtained from the coordinate changes as follows:
wherein, A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar circular lens,Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar circular lens; A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar elliptical lens, Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar elliptical lens; here, the relationship between the positions of the points before and after the coordinate transformation is represented by the jacobian matrix a:
；
By combining the change of the jacobian matrix A and the electromagnetic parameters, the distribution of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the planar circular lens converted into the planar elliptical lens can be obtained as follows:
；
；
wherein if a scheme that the surface of the Robert lens is contacted with the antenna array is adopted, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:；
if a solution is adopted in which the surface of the Robert lens is not in contact with the antenna array, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:
；
As shown in fig. 7, the coupling diagram between the two lenses under the condition of different delta at 60 ° can be seen, as the cross section of the two lenses is reduced, i.e. the delta value is gradually reduced, the coupling effect of the adjacent two lenses is gradually reduced; for the case of the antenna beam pointing at 60 ° in the figure, when the value of δ takes 0.6, the second lens is not substantially located in the radiation path of the antenna beam, so that the adjacent coupling effect is completely negligible.
Example two
As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment provides a radar using the vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome of the first embodiment, which includes a dual-planar lens radome 1, a radar board 2 and a bottom case 3, and the three are connected by locking with 4 screws 31 on the bottom case 3. The upper surface of the double-plane lens radome 1 is provided with two planes which are connected in parallel with a first plane lens 11 and a second plane lens 12, the first plane lens 11 is a lens radome of the receiving antenna array 21, the second plane lens 12 is a lens radome of the transmitting antenna array 22, and the first plane lens 11 and the second plane lens 12 are connected in parallel, so that the problem that the gain cliff of the single-lens radome at the edge of the lens is reduced can be avoided.
The scheme in fig. 8 is simulated and analyzed by adopting electromagnetic simulation software CST, the values of the parameter delta are respectively set to be 1, 0.8 and 0.6, the working frequency is set to be 76.5GHz of the working frequency of the current mainstream vehicle millimeter wave radar, and the comb antenna array is used as a feed element for simulation, and the simulation result is shown in fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 9, the radiation patterns of the antenna array under different δ conditions can be seen that when the value of δ is 1, the planar dual-lens module has a coupling effect, so that the maximum gain of the main lobe of the antenna pattern is 13.6dB; when the value of delta is 0.8, the coupling effect of the planar double-lens module is gradually weakened, and the maximum value of the gain of the main lobe of the antenna directional diagram is 14.6dB; when the value of delta is 0.6, the coupling effect of the planar dual-lens module is basically eliminated, the maximum gain of the main lobe of the antenna directional diagram is increased to 15.4dB, and compared with the value of delta being 1, the overall gain is increased by 1.8dB, so that when the delta is out of the proper value, the decoupling of the dual-planar lens antenna can be assisted, and the loss introduced by the adjacent lenses is reduced.
The technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention have been further described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The manufacturing method of the vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, arranging two luneberg lenses on an antenna housing;
s2, carrying out planarization treatment on the two Longber lenses;
s3, decoupling the two Roberts lenses;
in the step S2, two of the luneberg lenses are planarized, which specifically includes the following steps:
When the surface of the Robert lens is in contact with the antenna array, the Robert lens is converted from a spherical lens to a plane circular lens, and a coordinate conversion formula is as follows:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, The transformation proportionality coefficient of the z axis is that R is the radius of the spherical lens and R is the radius variable;
According to an electromagnetic wave transformation theory, carrying out corresponding electromagnetic parameter transformation on a plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,The distribution is tensor form distribution of relative magnetic permeability, and A is a Jacobian matrix;
the position transformation relation of each point before and after the coordinate transformation of the jacobian matrix A is as follows:
；
；
Will be AndSubstituting the electromagnetic parameter transformation formula of the plane circular lens coordinate system to obtain:
；
；
and then, according to a fluctuating Helmholtz equation, the method comprises the following steps of:
；
rotation angle of current coordinate system The method comprises the following steps:
；
electromagnetic parameter distribution combined with spherical lens And parametersEliminating off-diagonal components in parameters to obtain new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the new plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is a new tensor form distribution of relative dielectric constants,Is a tensor form distribution of the new relative permeability.
2. The method for manufacturing a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, two of the luneberg lenses are subjected to planarization, and further comprising the steps of:
when the surface of the Robert lens is not contacted with the antenna array, the Robert lens is converted from a spherical lens to a plane circular lens, and a coordinate conversion formula is as follows:
；
Wherein y is the y-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate of the spherical lens coordinate system, y 'is the y-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, z' is the z-axis coordinate of the planar circular lens coordinate system, A conversion scaling factor for the z-axis;
thereby obtaining the corresponding plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters, wherein the expression of the plane circular lens electromagnetic parameters is as follows:
；
wherein, Is distributed in the form of a tensor of relative dielectric constant,Is a tensor form distribution of relative permeability.
3. The method for manufacturing a vehicle-mounted planar parallel dual-lens radome according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, decoupling treatment is performed on two of the luneberg lenses, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Converting the planar circular lens into a planar elliptical lens, setting the radius of the planar circular lens as R, the semi-major axis of the planar elliptical lens as R L, the semi-minor axis as R W, and the semi-major axis as R L = R, the semi-minor axis Here, whereRepresenting the lateral decoupling ratio of the lens;
According to the electromagnetic wave conversion theory, the decoupling of the planar circular lens can be expressed by coordinate conversion:
；
The electromagnetic parameters can be obtained from the coordinate changes as follows:
；
wherein, A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar circular lens,Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar circular lens; A tensor form distribution representing the relative permittivity of a planar elliptical lens, Tensor form distribution representing the relative permeability of a planar elliptical lens; here, the relationship between the positions of the points before and after the coordinate transformation is represented by the jacobian matrix a:
；
By combining the change of the jacobian matrix A and the electromagnetic parameters, the distribution of the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the planar circular lens converted into the planar elliptical lens can be obtained as follows:
；
；
wherein if the scheme that the surface of the Roxburgh lens is contacted with the antenna array is adopted, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:
；
If a scheme is adopted in which the surface of the Robertian lens is not in contact with the antenna array, then AndRespectively correspond toAndThe expression is:
。
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| CN107706528A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system |
| CN114552227A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-27 | 电子科技大学 | Planar luneberg lens antenna based on sparse phased array feed |
| CN116826399A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2023-09-29 | 迈特斯因公司 | Multi-beam multiple-input multiple-output antenna system and method |
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| DE19737292C1 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-06-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Antenna lens and automotive radar system |
| DE102017103161B4 (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-11-29 | Kathrein Se | Antenna device and antenna array |
| HUE054958T2 (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2021-10-28 | Grieshaber Vega Kg | Antenna assembly |
| CN112103669A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-18 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens antenna array and electronic equipment |
| CN114400458A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-26 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ultra-wideband planar focusing lens antenna and its design and imaging method |
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| CN116826399A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2023-09-29 | 迈特斯因公司 | Multi-beam multiple-input multiple-output antenna system and method |
| CN114552227A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-27 | 电子科技大学 | Planar luneberg lens antenna based on sparse phased array feed |
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