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CN118250357B - Device and method for identifying dynamic protocol of Internet of things - Google Patents

Device and method for identifying dynamic protocol of Internet of things Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118250357B
CN118250357B CN202410660204.1A CN202410660204A CN118250357B CN 118250357 B CN118250357 B CN 118250357B CN 202410660204 A CN202410660204 A CN 202410660204A CN 118250357 B CN118250357 B CN 118250357B
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protocol
internet
things
data packet
template
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CN118250357A (en
Inventor
张航
王俊
范国林
田永春
顾芳
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CETC 30 Research Institute
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CETC 30 Research Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22Parsing or analysis of headers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/02Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an internet of things dynamic protocol identification device and method, which belong to the technical field of internet of things protocol identification. According to the method, the Internet of things protocol is dynamically identified and analyzed by utilizing the prefabricated protocol stack and the protocol template, different communication protocols used by the Internet of things equipment can be automatically detected and correctly interpreted, and the problem that the Internet of things gateway is insufficient in identification flexibility and expansibility for various Internet of things terminal protocols is solved.

Description

Device and method for identifying dynamic protocol of Internet of things
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of internet of things protocol identification, and particularly relates to an internet of things dynamic protocol identification device and method.
Background
The gateway device of the internet of things generally faces access of terminals of the internet of things of a plurality of different communication protocols, and the protocols have differences in data packet formats, transmission modes and the like.
The traditional static protocol analysis method needs to preset a protocol stack software library in advance, so that the gateway equipment of the Internet of things cannot be identified normally when facing a new or unknown protocol.
Therefore, a scheme capable of dynamically identifying and resolving different protocols is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for identifying a dynamic protocol of the Internet of things.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a thing networking dynamic protocol recognition device which characterized in that, the device embeds resolver and database, the database includes prefabricated thing networking protocol stack, the device includes:
The device initial assembly module is used for initially assembling the initial operation parameters of the device, wherein the initial operation parameters of the device comprise an Internet of things prefabricated protocol, an IP (Internet of things) device and port data;
The data receiving module is used for receiving a data packet reported by the terminal of the Internet of things equipment;
the protocol identification analysis module is used for identifying the protocol type of the data packet through the analyzer and the internet of things protocol stack;
The protocol template pulling module is used for remotely pulling the protocol template;
And the protocol template analysis module analyzes the protocol rules and information defined in the protocol template according to the analyzer and stores the protocol rules and information in the database.
Further, the protocol template pulling module further includes:
And periodically pulling the latest protocol template by the timing pulling time set by the device.
Further, the protocol template pulling module remotely pulls the protocol template through the HTTP2 protocol.
Further, the device also comprises a data output module, and the data output module outputs the data packet analyzed by the device to a local database for subsequent upper module application.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a method for identifying the dynamic protocol of the Internet of things, which is realized based on any device, wherein the device is positioned in the gateway of the Internet of things, and is connected with the protocol pool of the Internet of things upwards together with the gateway of the Internet of things, and is connected with the terminal equipment of the Internet of things downwards, and the method comprises the following steps:
When a data packet sent by an internet of things terminal is received, reading prefabricated protocol information from a local database and storing the prefabricated protocol information in a device memory;
Matching the data packet with protocol information in the equipment memory, and analyzing whether a local pre-fabricated protocol can identify and analyze the data packet;
If the local pre-fabricated protocol can analyze the data packet, identifying and analyzing the protocol of the data packet according to the local pre-fabricated protocol, otherwise, pulling a latest protocol template from the internet of things protocol pool, analyzing the latest protocol template, storing rules and information of the protocol defined in the latest protocol template in a database, and identifying and analyzing the protocol in the data packet again.
Further, the matching the data packet with the protocol information in the device memory specifically includes:
Matching a bottom layer transmission protocol used by the data packet with a bottom layer transmission protocol defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
matching the data type used by the data packet with the data type defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack, wherein the data type comprises binary and file types;
if the data type used by the data packet is binary, matching the frame format of the data packet with the frame format defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack, and if the data type used by the data packet is a file type, matching the file type used by the data packet with the file type defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
Matching the keywords in the data packet with keywords defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
and matching the attributes and the contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes of the data packet with the attributes and the contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack.
Further, the key words comprise function codes and position codes.
Further, the parsing the latest protocol template specifically includes:
analyzing the type of the protocol according to the keywords defined in the protocol template;
Analyzing the structure of a protocol according to a protocol template framework, wherein the protocol template framework comprises the sequence and the number of nodes and the sequence and the number of child nodes defined in a protocol template;
And analyzing the attribute and the content of the protocol according to the sequence and the number of the nodes and the sequence and the number of the child nodes.
Further, the attributes include a protocol length and a protocol size.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The traditional static analysis protocol identification and analysis of the Internet of things protocol are difficult to adapt to more and more Internet of things protocol environments, and the dynamic protocol identification reduces the dependence of manual configuration and reduces the maintenance cost and the labor investment; the method and the device provided by the invention support protocol layer-by-layer analysis, and can decode or encode layer-by-layer no matter how many kinds of protocol data the data packet contains. By accurately identifying various Internet of things protocols, powerful support is provided for the development and deployment of Internet of things applications, and the wide use and popularization of Internet of things technologies are promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an Internet of things dynamic protocol identification device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for identifying dynamic protocols of the Internet of things according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a protocol information matching flow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of protocol template parsing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an application flow of the dynamic protocol identification device of the internet of things in a typical internet of things according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The traditional static protocol analysis method needs to preset a protocol stack software library in advance, so that the gateway equipment of the Internet of things cannot be identified normally when facing a new or unknown protocol.
Therefore, a scheme capable of dynamically identifying and resolving different protocols is urgently needed.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the following embodiments of the device and method for identifying an internet of things dynamic protocol are provided.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an internet of things dynamic protocol identification device, referring to fig. 1, an application schematic diagram of the internet of things dynamic protocol identification device of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the device is located in an internet of things gateway, and is connected with an internet of things protocol pool upwards together with the internet of things gateway, and is connected with various internet of things terminal devices downwards.
Specifically, the dynamic protocol identification device of the Internet of things comprises an equipment initial assembly module, a data receiving module, a protocol identification analysis module, a protocol template pulling module, a protocol template analysis module and a data output module.
Wherein, equipment is the module just adorns: the method is mainly responsible for initially loading data required by the initial operation of the device, including the Internet of things prefabricated protocol, the IP of the device, port data and the like.
And a data receiving module: the method is mainly responsible for receiving data packets reported by various Internet of things equipment terminals.
Protocol identification analysis module: and identifying the protocol type of the data packet through the built-in parser and the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack. The prefabricated internet of things protocol stack used by the module is stored in a built-in database, wherein rules and information of various protocols are contained.
And a protocol template pulling module: when a data packet reported by an Internet of things terminal cannot be accurately identified and analyzed in a locally prefabricated Internet of things protocol stack, a protocol template is pulled remotely through an HTTP2 protocol; or periodically pulling the latest protocol template by the timing pulling time set by the device.
Protocol template analysis module: and analyzing the rules and the information of the protocol defined in the protocol template according to a template protocol analyzer in the device, and storing the rules and the information in a local database so as to identify and analyze the data packet reported by the Internet of things terminal later.
And the data output module is used for: the method is mainly responsible for storing the data packet analyzed by the device in a local database for subsequent upper-layer module application.
Based on the working principle of the dynamic protocol identification device of the internet of things, an identification method of the dynamic protocol of the internet of things is formed, and referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of the identification method of the dynamic protocol of the internet of things in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
After the device is started, the data receiving module starts to monitor the data packet sent by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things. When a data packet is received, the protocol identification analysis module performs protocol identification analysis according to a locally prefabricated protocol stack or a pulled protocol template, specifically:
S0, after the internet of things management equipment is electrified and started, the internet of things equipment terminal sends collected data to the internet of things management equipment after passing through the internet of things protocol packet.
S1, after the management equipment of the Internet of things acquires a data packet sent by a terminal, reading the prefabricated protocol information from a local database and storing the prefabricated protocol information in an equipment memory.
S2, matching and identifying the data packet of the terminal with the protocol in the memory, and analyzing whether the local pre-fabricated protocol can realize the protocol identification and analysis of the data packet of the terminal equipment.
S2-1, if the protocol in the local pre-cast protocol can be identified, analyzing the protocol according to the properties such as the port number, the protocol type, the data packet file type, the frame format, the key words and the like defined in the local pre-cast protocol.
S2-2, if the protocol in the local prefabricated protocol stack cannot identify the protocol used by the terminal data packet, firstly pulling the latest protocol template from the internet protocol pool, analyzing the latest pulled protocol template, storing rules and information of the protocol defined in the protocol template in a database, and identifying and analyzing the protocol in the data packet again.
And S3, after the identification and analysis of the protocol are completed, storing the analyzed data and using the data for subsequent upper-layer application.
Referring to fig. 3, as shown in fig. 3, a protocol information matching flow chart of the present embodiment is shown, in this embodiment, the protocol information matching process specifically includes:
S0, matching a bottom layer transmission protocol used by the internet of things for sending the data packet with a bottom layer transmission protocol defined by a protocol stored in the device, wherein the bottom layer transmission protocol comprises TCP, UDP and the like.
S1, matching a port number of a data packet sent by the Internet of things with a port number defined by a protocol stored in the device.
S2, matching the data type used by the data packet with the data type defined by the protocol stored by the device, wherein the data type comprises binary and file types.
S2-1, if the data type used by the data packet is binary, matching the frame format of the data packet with the frame format defined by the protocol stored in the device.
S2-2, if the data type used by the data packet is a file type, matching the file type used by the data packet with the file type defined by a protocol stored in the device, wherein the file type comprises XML, JSON and the like.
And S3, matching the keywords in the data packet with keywords defined by a protocol stored in the device, wherein the keywords comprise function codes, position codes and the like.
And S4, matching the attributes and the contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes of the data packet with the attributes and the contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes defined by the protocol stored in the device.
Referring to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 4, a flow chart of protocol template parsing in the present embodiment is shown, in the present embodiment, the protocol template parsing process specifically includes:
s0, a protocol template pulling module in the dynamic protocol identification device pulls the latest protocol template from the internet protocol pool.
S1, a protocol template analysis module in the dynamic protocol identification device analyzes rules and information of a protocol defined in a protocol template.
S2, a protocol template analysis module in the dynamic protocol identification device analyzes the type of the protocol according to the keywords defined in the protocol template.
S3, a protocol template analysis module in the dynamic protocol identification device analyzes the structure of the protocol according to the protocol template framework. The protocol template framework for pulling the protocol template is carried when the protocol template is pulled. The protocol template framework defines basic legal rules of the protocol template, including elements which can appear in the protocol template, the sequence and the number of nodes defined in the protocol template, the sequence and the number of sub-nodes of the elements, the data types of the elements and the attributes and the like, and can well analyze the structure of the defined protocol in the protocol template by analyzing the protocol template framework.
And S4, a protocol template analysis module in the dynamic protocol identification device analyzes specific attributes and contents such as the length, the size and the like of the protocol according to the node contents and the contents of the child nodes defined in the protocol template.
S5, the dynamic protocol recognition device stores the rules and the information parsed from the protocol template into a local database so as to recognize the data packet protocol and parse later.
The dynamic protocol identification of the embodiment reduces the dependence of manual configuration and reduces maintenance cost and labor investment; the method and the device provided by the embodiment support protocol layer-by-layer analysis, and can decode or encode layer-by-layer no matter how many types of protocol data the data packet contains. By accurately identifying various Internet of things protocols, powerful support is provided for the development and deployment of Internet of things applications, and the wide use and popularization of Internet of things technologies are promoted.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an application of the dynamic protocol identification device of the internet of things in the foregoing embodiment in the typical internet of things, referring to fig. 5, as shown in fig. 5, which is a flow chart of the application of the dynamic protocol identification device of the internet of things in the typical internet of things, specifically including the following steps:
1. After the terminal of the Internet of things is electrified, reporting terminal data to a gateway of the Internet of things;
2. The dynamic protocol identification device acquires a data packet reported by the terminal of the Internet of things;
3. the dynamic protocol identification device reads a local protocol to match the port number of the data packet with the used bottom layer transmission protocol through a protocol identification analysis module;
4. the dynamic protocol identification device judges the data type used by the data packet through the protocol identification analysis module
5. If the type of the data packet is binary, reading a local protocol to match the frame format of the data packet with the keywords defined in the data packet; if the type of the data packet is the file type, the local protocol is read to match the file type of the data packet with the node attribute and the content defined in the file.
6. If the protocol stored locally in the device can not identify the protocol of the data packet, acquiring a new protocol template from the protocol pool of the Internet of things;
7. the internet of things protocol pool sends the new protocol template to the dynamic protocol identification device;
8. the dynamic protocol recognition device analyzes the protocol template and stores the analyzed rules and information into a local protocol database.
9. The dynamic protocol identification device calls the latest saved protocol in the database to identify and analyze the protocol of the data packet.
10. After the matching work of the analysis data packet and the protocol database is completed, the internet of things management equipment completes the protocol identification and analysis work of the data packet.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The method is characterized in that the method is realized based on an Internet of things dynamic protocol identification device, the device is positioned in an Internet of things gateway, is connected with an Internet of things protocol pool upwards together with the Internet of things gateway, is connected with Internet of things terminal equipment downwards, a resolver and a database are arranged in the device, the database comprises a prefabricated Internet of things protocol stack, and the device comprises:
The device initial assembly module is used for initially assembling the initial operation parameters of the device, wherein the initial operation parameters of the device comprise an Internet of things prefabricated protocol, an IP (Internet of things) device and port data;
The data receiving module is used for receiving a data packet reported by the terminal of the Internet of things equipment;
the protocol identification analysis module is used for identifying the protocol type of the data packet through the analyzer and the internet of things protocol stack;
The protocol template pulling module is used for remotely pulling the protocol template;
The protocol template analysis module analyzes protocol rules and information defined in the protocol template according to the analyzer and stores the protocol rules and information in the database;
The method comprises the following steps:
When a data packet sent by an internet of things terminal is received, reading prefabricated protocol information from a local database and storing the prefabricated protocol information in a device memory;
Matching the data packet with protocol information in the equipment memory, and analyzing whether a local pre-fabricated protocol can identify and analyze the data packet;
the matching of the data packet with the protocol information in the equipment memory specifically comprises:
Matching a bottom layer transmission protocol used by the data packet with a bottom layer transmission protocol defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
matching the data type used by the data packet with the data type defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack, wherein the data type comprises binary and file types;
if the data type used by the data packet is binary, matching the frame format of the data packet with the frame format defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack, and if the data type used by the data packet is a file type, matching the file type used by the data packet with the file type defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
Matching the keywords in the data packet with keywords defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
Matching the attributes and contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes of the data packet with the attributes and contents of the nodes and the sub-nodes defined in the prefabricated internet of things protocol stack;
If the local pre-fabricated protocol can analyze the data packet, identifying and analyzing the protocol of the data packet according to the local pre-fabricated protocol, otherwise, pulling a latest protocol template from the internet of things protocol pool, analyzing the latest protocol template, storing rules and information of the protocol defined in the latest protocol template in a database, and identifying and analyzing the protocol in the data packet again;
the analyzing the latest protocol template specifically comprises the following steps:
analyzing the type of the protocol according to the keywords defined in the protocol template;
Analyzing the structure of a protocol according to a protocol template framework, wherein the protocol template framework comprises the sequence and the number of nodes and the sequence and the number of child nodes defined in a protocol template;
And analyzing the attribute and the content of the protocol according to the sequence and the number of the nodes and the sequence and the number of the child nodes.
2. The method for identifying dynamic protocols of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the keywords comprise function codes and position codes.
3. The method for identifying dynamic protocols of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the attributes include a protocol length and a protocol size.
4. The method for identifying dynamic protocols of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the protocol template pulling module further comprises:
And periodically pulling the latest protocol template by the timing pulling time set by the device.
5. The method for identifying dynamic protocols of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the protocol template pulling module pulls the protocol template remotely through HTTP2 protocol.
6. The method for identifying dynamic protocols of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a data output module, and the data output module outputs the data packet analyzed by the device to a local database for application by a subsequent upper layer module.
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