CN118232936A - Very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupling inductance - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及低频通信处理技术领域，具体涉及一种基于耦合电感的甚低频同步调谐通信系统。The invention relates to the technical field of low-frequency communication processing, and in particular to a very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupled inductors.
背景技术Background technique
甚低频通信天线属于高Q电小天线，工作带宽受限，通信速率低，同步调谐系统通过动态调整天线匹配网络，可拓展天馈系统带宽，提高通信速率。Very low frequency communication antennas are high-Q electrically small antennas with limited working bandwidth and low communication rates. The synchronous tuning system can expand the bandwidth of the antenna feed system and increase the communication rate by dynamically adjusting the antenna matching network.
然而，目前甚低频同步调谐通信系统存在以下几个困难：调谐电感和开关需耐受高电压和大电流；调谐电感和开关需具备快速状态切换；调谐电感需具备高Q值，开关需具备低损耗；同步控制延时需远小于码元持续时间；系统需具备保护隔离措施，确保大功率工作时的安全性。However, the current very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system has the following difficulties: the tuning inductor and switch need to withstand high voltage and large current; the tuning inductor and switch need to have fast state switching; the tuning inductor needs to have a high Q value and the switch needs to have low loss; the synchronous control delay needs to be much smaller than the code element duration; the system needs to have protective isolation measures to ensure safety during high-power operation.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种基于耦合电感的甚低频同步调谐通信系统，该方案具体包括：包括激励器、功分器、发射机以及同步调谐回路，其中，激励器用于产生MSK调制信号；功分器用于将激励器产生的MSK调制信号分为两路，一路信号进行放大后进入天馈系统，另一路信号作为控制信号输入同步调谐回路；发射机用于将MSK调制信号功率放大，并将放大后的MSK信号传输到天馈系统，同步调谐回路用于根据控制信号的码元切换频率控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开，使得天线电压和电流同相。本发明提出的同步调谐系统中耦合电感和开关状态切换速度快，可以耐受高电压和大电流，同时适应大功率甚低频信号，且耦合电感隔离度高，进一步提高了系统的安全性，从而有效提高甚低频通信系统的通信速率。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupled inductors, and the scheme specifically includes: an exciter, a power divider, a transmitter and a synchronous tuning loop, wherein the exciter is used to generate an MSK modulated signal; the power divider is used to divide the MSK modulated signal generated by the exciter into two paths, one signal is amplified and enters the antenna feed system, and the other signal is input into the synchronous tuning loop as a control signal; the transmitter is used to amplify the power of the MSK modulated signal and transmit the amplified MSK signal to the antenna feed system, and the synchronous tuning loop is used to control the connection or disconnection of the coupled inductor secondary loop according to the code element switching frequency of the control signal, so that the antenna voltage and current are in phase. In the synchronous tuning system proposed by the present invention, the coupled inductor and the switch state switching speed are fast, can withstand high voltage and large current, and adapt to high-power very low frequency signals at the same time, and the coupled inductor has high isolation, which further improves the safety of the system, thereby effectively improving the communication rate of the very low frequency communication system.
本发明采用如下技术方案，一种基于耦合电感的甚低频同步调谐通信系统，包括激励器、功分器、发射机以及同步调谐回路，其中：The present invention adopts the following technical solution, a very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupled inductance, including an exciter, a power divider, a transmitter and a synchronous tuning circuit, wherein:
所述激励器用于产生MSK调制信号；The exciter is used to generate an MSK modulation signal;
所述功分器用于将激励器产生的MSK调制信号分为两路，一路信号进行放大后进入天馈系统，另一路信号解调后输出码元信号，并作为控制信号输入同步调谐回路；The power divider is used to divide the MSK modulated signal generated by the exciter into two paths, one of which is amplified and then enters the antenna feed system, and the other is demodulated and then outputs a symbol signal and is input into the synchronous tuning loop as a control signal;
所述发射机用于将MSK调制信号功率放大，并将放大后的MSK信号传输到天馈系统；The transmitter is used to amplify the power of the MSK modulated signal and transmit the amplified MSK signal to the antenna feed system;
所述同步调谐回路以解调后的码元信号作为控制信号，通过控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开来改变天馈系统谐振频率，使得MSK信号中空号和传号对应的频率实时谐振。The synchronous tuning loop uses the demodulated symbol signal as a control signal, and changes the resonant frequency of the antenna feed system by controlling the connection or disconnection of the coupled inductor secondary loop, so that the frequencies corresponding to the null and transmission signals in the MSK signal resonate in real time.
进一步的，所述同步调谐回路包括：固定电感、耦合电感、同步控制、开关驱动、电流测量以及电压测量；Further, the synchronous tuning loop includes: fixed inductance, coupled inductance, synchronous control, switch drive, current measurement and voltage measurement;
所述固定电感用于将所述甚低频同步调谐通信系统调谐至MSK调制信号的空号频率或传号频率；The fixed inductor is used to tune the very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system to the space frequency or mark frequency of the MSK modulation signal;
所述同步控制用于根据控制信号的码元切换频率向所述开关驱动发送切换指令；The synchronous control is used to send a switching instruction to the switch driver according to the code element switching frequency of the control signal;
所述开关驱动用于根据切换指令控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开；The switch driver is used to control the connection or disconnection of the coupled inductor secondary loop according to the switching instruction;
所述电流测量和电压测量用于测量天线的电流和电压。The current measurement and voltage measurement are used to measure the current and voltage of the antenna.
进一步的，根据控制信号的码元切换频率向所述开关驱动发送切换指令，具体为：Further, a switching instruction is sent to the switch driver according to the symbol switching frequency of the control signal, specifically:
判断当前控制信号的码元频率是否切换，若发生切换，在耦合电感次级回路中的电流过零点时，所述开关驱动控制所述耦合电感次级回路连通；Determine whether the symbol frequency of the current control signal is switched. If the switching occurs, when the current in the coupled inductor secondary loop passes through a zero point, the switch drives and controls the coupled inductor secondary loop to be connected;
获取此时天线的电流和电压相位差，若天线的电流和电压同相，则完成切换；Obtain the phase difference between the current and voltage of the antenna at this time. If the current and voltage of the antenna are in phase, the switching is completed;
若不同相，在耦合电感次级回路中的电流过零点时，所述开关驱动控制所述耦合电感次级回路断开；依次重复，直至天线的电流和电压同相。If they are out of phase, when the current in the coupled inductor secondary loop passes through zero, the switch drives and controls the coupled inductor secondary loop to disconnect; and the process is repeated until the current and voltage of the antenna are in phase.
进一步的，所述耦合电感具体满足以下条件：Furthermore, the coupled inductor specifically satisfies the following conditions:
所述耦合电感的耦合系数为1；The coupling coefficient of the coupled inductor is 1;
所述耦合电感的主副绕组变比为1；The transformation ratio of the primary and secondary windings of the coupled inductor is 1;
所述耦合电感的同名端相异。The like-named ends of the coupled inductors are different.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提出的同步调谐系统能够提高甚低频通信系统的通信速率；同步调谐回路中可采用同轴耦合电感以有效降低磁饱和现象和磁滞损耗等；同时，本发明具有扩展性强的优点，耦合电感可由单个耦合电感或耦合电感矩阵等组成，适用于宽频带同步调谐；开关可由IGBT或MOSFET等组成，适用于快速切换，从而使得本发明中的耦合电感和开关可耐受高电压和大电流，适应大功率甚低频信号；同时，耦合电感的隔离度高，能够进一步提高系统的安全性。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the synchronous tuning system proposed in the present invention can improve the communication rate of the very low frequency communication system; a coaxial coupled inductor can be used in the synchronous tuning loop to effectively reduce magnetic saturation and hysteresis loss; at the same time, the present invention has the advantage of strong scalability, the coupled inductor can be composed of a single coupled inductor or a coupled inductor matrix, etc., and is suitable for wide-band synchronous tuning; the switch can be composed of an IGBT or a MOSFET, etc., and is suitable for fast switching, so that the coupled inductor and the switch in the present invention can withstand high voltage and high current, and adapt to high-power very low frequency signals; at the same time, the coupled inductor has high isolation, which can further improve the safety of the system.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
图1为本发明实施例的一种基于耦合电感的甚低频同步调谐通信系统结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupled inductors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的一种同步调谐控制流程示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a synchronous tuning control process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的一种MSK信号在载波幅度最高点时切换的波形示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of an MSK signal switched at the highest point of the carrier amplitude according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例的一种MSK信号在载波幅度为0时切换的波形示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of an MSK signal switched when the carrier amplitude is 0 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例的一种耦合电感模型示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a coupled inductor model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例的一种耦合电感的受控源模型示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a controlled source model of a coupled inductor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明实施例的一种基于耦合电感的甚低频同步调谐通信系统结构示意图如图1所示，系统主要包括终端、激励器、功分器、发射机、固定电感、耦合电感、天线、同步控制、开关驱动、电流测量、电压测量以及天线监测，其中：A structural diagram of a very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system based on coupled inductors according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG1 . The system mainly includes a terminal, an exciter, a power divider, a transmitter, a fixed inductor, a coupled inductor, an antenna, synchronous control, a switch drive, a current measurement, a voltage measurement, and an antenna monitoring, wherein:
激励器用于产生MSK调制信号；The exciter is used to generate MSK modulated signals;
功分器用于将激励器产生的MSK调制信号分为两路，一路信号进行放大后进入天馈系统，另一路信号作为控制信号输入同步调谐回路；The power divider is used to divide the MSK modulated signal generated by the exciter into two paths. One signal is amplified and then enters the antenna feed system, and the other signal is input into the synchronous tuning loop as a control signal.
发射机用于将MSK调制信号功率放大，并将放大后的MSK信号传输到天馈系统；The transmitter is used to amplify the power of the MSK modulated signal and transmit the amplified MSK signal to the antenna feed system;
所述同步调谐回路以解调后的码元信号作为控制信号，控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开，进而改变天馈系统谐振频率，使MSK信号中空号和传号对应的频率实时谐振，此时天线电压和电流同相；其中，码元信号为MSK信号解调输出的信号。The synchronous tuning circuit uses the demodulated code element signal as the control signal to control the connection or disconnection of the coupled inductor secondary circuit, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the antenna feed system so that the frequencies corresponding to the null and transmission signals in the MSK signal resonate in real time. At this time, the antenna voltage and current are in phase; wherein the code element signal is the signal output by the demodulated MSK signal.
同步调谐回路包括：固定电感、耦合电感、同步控制、开关驱动、电流测量、电压测量、天线监测；The synchronous tuning circuit includes: fixed inductance, coupled inductance, synchronous control, switch drive, current measurement, voltage measurement, and antenna monitoring;
固定电感用于将所述甚低频同步调谐通信系统调谐至MSK调制信号的空号频率或传号频率；The fixed inductor is used to tune the very low frequency synchronous tuning communication system to the space frequency or mark frequency of the MSK modulation signal;
同步控制用于根据控制信号的码元切换频率向所述开关驱动发送切换指令；The synchronous control is used to send a switching instruction to the switch driver according to the code element switching frequency of the control signal;
开关驱动用于根据切换指令控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开；The switch driver is used to control the connection or disconnection of the secondary circuit of the coupled inductor according to the switching instruction;
电流测量和电压测量用于测量天线的电流和电压。Current measurement and voltage measurement are used to measure the current and voltage at the antenna.
根据控制信号的码元切换频率控制耦合电感次级回路连通或断开，具体为：The secondary loop of the coupled inductor is connected or disconnected according to the code element switching frequency of the control signal, specifically:
判断当前控制信号的码元频率是否切换，若发生切换，在耦合电感次级回路中的电流过零点时，所述开关驱动控制所述耦合电感次级回路连通；Determine whether the symbol frequency of the current control signal is switched. If the switching occurs, when the current in the coupled inductor secondary loop passes through a zero point, the switch drives and controls the coupled inductor secondary loop to be connected;
获取此时天线的电流和电压相位差，若天线的电流和电压同相，则完成切换；Obtain the current and voltage phase difference of the antenna at this time. If the current and voltage of the antenna are in phase, the switching is completed;
若不同相，在耦合电感次级回路中的电流过零点时，所述开关驱动控制所述耦合电感次级回路断开；依次重复，直至天线的电流和电压同相。If they are out of phase, when the current in the coupled inductor secondary loop passes through zero, the switch drives and controls the coupled inductor secondary loop to disconnect; and the process is repeated until the current and voltage of the antenna are in phase.
耦合电感具体满足以下条件：The coupled inductor specifically meets the following conditions:
耦合电感的耦合系数约为1；The coupling coefficient of the coupled inductor is approximately 1;
耦合电感的主副绕组变比为1；The transformation ratio of the primary and secondary windings of the coupled inductor is 1;
耦合电感的同名端相异。The like-named ends of the coupled inductors are different.
在本发明的具体实施例中，MSK信号是一种包络恒定相位连续的信号，其“传号”与“空号”切换点存在两种情况，一种是在载波幅度为峰值时切换，如图3所示；另一种是在载波幅度为0时切换，如图4所示。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the MSK signal is a signal with a constant envelope and continuous phase, and there are two situations for the switching points between "transmission" and "space", one is switching when the carrier amplitude is at a peak value, as shown in FIG3 ; the other is switching when the carrier amplitude is 0, as shown in FIG4 .
激励器产生的MSK调制信号经功分器一分为二，一路经功率放大器放大后进入天馈系统，第二路作为控制信号进入同步调谐回路中的同步控制，同时天线监测信号也进入同步控制；The MSK modulated signal generated by the exciter is divided into two by the power divider. One path is amplified by the power amplifier and enters the antenna feed system. The second path is used as a control signal to enter the synchronous control in the synchronous tuning loop. At the same time, the antenna monitoring signal also enters the synchronous control.
如图5和图6所示，分别为本发明实施例的一种耦合电感示意图及其受控源模型示意图，本发明中耦合电感需要满足以下条件：As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , they are respectively a schematic diagram of a coupled inductor and a schematic diagram of a controlled source model of an embodiment of the present invention. In the present invention, the coupled inductor needs to meet the following conditions:
图5中L1=L2≈M，即耦合系数k≈1（全耦合）；主副绕组变比为1；同名端相异；In Figure 5, L 1 =L 2 ≈M, that is, the coupling coefficient k≈1 (full coupling); the ratio of the main and auxiliary windings is 1; the same-name ends are different;
根据以上条件，则图6中可以得到如下公式：According to the above conditions, the following formula can be obtained in Figure 6:
； ;
； ;
综上，当次级线圈回路接通时，u1(t)=0，此时初级线圈电感值等效为0。In summary, when the secondary coil loop is connected, u 1 (t)=0, and the inductance value of the primary coil is equivalent to 0.
在本发明的另一个具体实施例中，本发明中的同步调谐系统不限于使用单个同步控制装置、单个耦合电感和单个固定电感实现同步调谐，还可以进一步扩展为同步控制矩阵、耦合电感矩阵以及固定电感矩阵。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the synchronous tuning system of the present invention is not limited to using a single synchronous control device, a single coupled inductor and a single fixed inductor to achieve synchronous tuning, but can be further expanded to a synchronous control matrix, a coupled inductor matrix and a fixed inductor matrix.
本发明中同步调谐回路实现同步调谐的具体过程为：首先，固定电感将系统调谐到MSK的“空号”或“传号”频率；其次，在码元切换的同时，通过开关控制耦合电感次级回路的通或断，实现耦合电感主回路的切出和切入；最后，通过测量天线电压、电流的相位差确认开关切换是否成功。The specific process of realizing synchronous tuning by the synchronous tuning circuit in the present invention is: first, the fixed inductor tunes the system to the "empty number" or "transmission number" frequency of MSK; second, while the code element is switched, the switch controls the on or off of the coupled inductor secondary circuit to realize the switching out and cutting in of the coupled inductor main circuit; finally, the phase difference of the antenna voltage and current is measured to confirm whether the switch switching is successful.
具体的，如图2所示，给出了本发明实施例的一种同步调谐控制流程示意图，在同步调谐回路中，首先判断控制信号的码元频率是否切换，若未切换则等待切换，如发生切换，则等待电流下一过零点，经判断电流过零时，向开关驱动发送切换指令，然后判断天线电压电流是否同相，如果同相，证明切换成功，进入下一轮等待，否则再次等待电流下一过零点，待电流过零时再次发送切换指令，直到天线电压与电流同相。Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, a schematic diagram of a synchronous tuning control process of an embodiment of the present invention is given. In the synchronous tuning loop, it is first determined whether the code element frequency of the control signal is switched. If not, wait for switching. If switching occurs, wait for the next zero crossing of the current. When it is determined that the current crosses zero, send a switching instruction to the switch driver, and then determine whether the antenna voltage and current are in phase. If they are in phase, it proves that the switching is successful and enters the next round of waiting. Otherwise, wait for the next zero crossing of the current again. When the current crosses zero, send a switching instruction again until the antenna voltage and current are in phase.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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