CN118084524A - High-performance isostatic graphite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance isostatic graphite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118084524A CN118084524A CN202410524241.XA CN202410524241A CN118084524A CN 118084524 A CN118084524 A CN 118084524A CN 202410524241 A CN202410524241 A CN 202410524241A CN 118084524 A CN118084524 A CN 118084524A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides high-performance isostatic pressing graphite and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of isostatic pressing graphite materials. The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite comprises the following steps: the artificial graphite micro powder is treated by a first oxidant to obtain modified graphite micro powder S1; adding the modified graphite micro powder S1 into tetrahydrofuran dissolved with high-temperature asphalt, uniformly stirring, removing tetrahydrofuran, and crushing, forming, carbonizing and crushing to obtain modified composite micro powder S2; and (3) treating the carbon fiber powder by a second oxidant to obtain modified carbon fiber powder C1. The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite can effectively recycle waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite and carbon fiber materials, and reduce the manufacturing cost; the problems of low product density, high porosity and poor mechanical property caused by high graphitization degree, low surface energy and poor bonding property among raw materials of the waste are effectively avoided, and the adverse effect of anisotropic isostatic pressing graphite of the recycled waste is effectively eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of isostatic pressing graphite materials, in particular to high-performance isostatic pressing graphite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Isostatic graphite is a novel carbon/graphite material developed in the 50 s of the last century and has a series of excellent properties. Compared with the common graphite material, the isostatic pressing technology enables the raw material to be uniformly stressed and molded in all directions, so that the product has good uniformity and fine and compact structure; isotropy, and good performance consistency in all directions, thereby being widely applied to important departments of national economy such as aerospace, new energy, semiconductors, nuclear industry and the like.
With the development of high-precision industries such as semiconductors, aerospace and the like, the application occasions are further expanded, and higher performance requirements are put forward by isostatic pressing graphite. For example, high density, high strength graphite is used in the jet pipe, control rudder, etc. of spacecraft; high density, highly isotropic graphites are used in the semiconductor industry; high conductivity graphite is used for electric discharge machining and the like. Therefore, improving various performance indexes of the isostatic pressing graphite and meeting different requirements of various industries is a main development task of the current industry.
Generally, the isostatic graphite adopts aggregate such as petroleum coke, asphalt coke and the like, medium-temperature or high-temperature asphalt is used as a binder, and the preparation of a graphite product is finally completed through the processes of mixing, crushing, isostatic compaction, repeated roasting, dipping, graphitization and the like. The indexes such as the consistency, purity, isotropy, mechanical property and the like of the product are difficult to ensure under the influence of the source of raw materials and the microscopic morphology of the aggregate; and the repeated roasting and dipping processes are complicated, the operation is complex, and the production efficiency is low.
Meanwhile, during the production and processing process of the artificial graphite and the carbon fiber materials, a large amount of waste materials such as milling powder, leftover materials, fragments and the like and unqualified products with performance and size are generated, the recycling rate of the waste materials is generally lower than 50%, a large amount of raw materials are wasted, and the production cost is high. The waste material is subjected to the process treatment procedures of purification, roasting, graphitization and the like, has higher purity and graphitization degree, and can be used as a high-quality raw material of the isostatic pressing graphite.
However, the inventor has found through experimental study that when the isostatic graphite is produced by directly using artificial graphite waste micropowder, carbon fiber waste micropowder and the like, or when the isostatic graphite is produced by adding carbon fiber waste as a reinforcing phase to common raw materials such as petroleum coke, pitch coke and the like, the anisotropy of the isostatic graphite product is often caused by the fact that the waste has excessively high anisotropy. Furthermore, the inventor also discovers that the artificial graphite powder and the carbon fiber powder have high graphitization degree, low surface energy and poor combination property of all raw materials, and the prepared isostatic pressing graphite product also has the problems of low density, high porosity and poor mechanical property, and cannot realize the effective recycling of the waste materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite and the preparation method thereof, which can effectively recycle waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite and carbon fiber materials and reduce the manufacturing cost of the isostatic pressing graphite; meanwhile, the problems of low density, high porosity and poor mechanical property of the isostatic pressing graphite product caused by high graphitization degree of artificial graphite powder and carbon fiber powder, low surface energy and poor bonding performance among the raw materials are effectively avoided, and the adverse effect of the anisotropic isostatic pressing graphite of the recycled waste is effectively eliminated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite comprises the following steps:
step S001, completely immersing artificial graphite micro powder into a first oxidant, heating to 60-90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment, and drying to obtain modified graphite micro powder S1;
the first oxidant is one of the following: concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate solution and hypochlorous acid;
Step S002, adding the modified graphite micro powder S1 into tetrahydrofuran dissolved with high-temperature asphalt, uniformly stirring, and then, keeping the temperature and stirring until the tetrahydrofuran is completely volatilized at the temperature of not lower than 70 ℃; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 800-1100 ℃, preserving heat and carbonizing; crushing and sieving to obtain modified composite micro powder S2;
step S003, completely soaking carbon fiber powder into a second oxidant, heating to 60-90 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, and drying to obtain modified carbon fiber powder C1;
the second oxidant is one of the following: concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate solution and hypochlorous acid;
step S004, uniformly mixing the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 to prepare aggregate;
step S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and kneading in a kneading device to obtain paste;
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3;
step S007, carrying out warm isostatic compaction on the composite powder S3 to obtain a molded body;
and step S008, roasting and graphitizing the molded body to obtain the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite.
Preferably, in the step S001, the particle size of the artificial graphite micropowder is 5-20 μm, and the ash content is less than or equal to 15ppm;
in the step S003, the diameter of the monofilament of the carbon fiber powder is 1-10 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, the carbon content is more than or equal to 95 percent.
Preferably, in the step S001, the heat preservation time is 3-6 hours;
in the step S003, the heat preservation time is 3-6h.
Preferably, in the step S002, the softening point of the high temperature asphalt is 200-280 ℃;
the mass ratio of the modified graphite micro powder S1 to the high-temperature asphalt to the tetrahydrofuran is 10:2-4:20-40.
Preferably, in the step S002, the heat preservation time is 4-8 hours, and the number of the sieving meshes is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, in the step S004, the weight ratio of the modified composite micro powder S2 to the modified carbon fiber powder C1 is 10:8-12;
In the step S006, the particle size of the composite powder S3 is 40-160 μm.
More preferably, the particle size of the composite powder S3 is 50-100. Mu.m.
Preferably, in the step S005, the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 25% -60% of the total weight of the aggregate;
the softening point of the binder asphalt is 130-180 ℃ and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
Preferably, in the step S007, the isostatic pressing temperature is 25-60 ℃, the forming pressure is 100-200MPa, and the forming time is 15-30min.
Preferably, in the step S008, the roasting is performed under a protective atmosphere, heated to 1000-1200 ℃, and kept for 200-400 hours;
In the step S008, graphitization is carried out by heating to 2500-3200 ℃ under normal pressure and protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 10-20h.
The high-performance isostatic pressing graphite is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite aims at the characteristics of the artificial graphite waste micro powder and the carbon fiber waste micro powder, such as high graphitization degree, low surface energy, poor combination property and anisotropism, and is characterized in that after the surface modification treatment is carried out on the artificial graphite micro powder, the surface of the artificial graphite micro powder is subjected to hydroxylation enrichment, and then the modified graphite micro powder S1 is coated and carbonized by high-temperature asphalt to form the modified composite micro powder S2 similar to 'secondary coke'; meanwhile, after carrying out surface modification treatment on the carbon fiber powder, carrying out hydroxylation-rich treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber powder to obtain modified carbon fiber powder C1; then, compounding the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 to prepare composite powder S3; preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite by using composite powder S3; the bonding performance among the raw materials (especially the artificial graphite waste micro powder and the carbon fiber waste micro powder) is effectively improved, the adverse effect of anisotropy of the recycled waste on the isostatic pressing graphite is effectively eliminated, the waste generated in the production and processing processes of the artificial graphite and the carbon fiber material can be effectively recycled, and the manufacturing cost of the isostatic pressing graphite is reduced; meanwhile, the problems that the graphitization degree of artificial graphite powder and carbon fiber powder is high, the surface energy is low, the bonding performance among the raw materials is poor, and the product performance is influenced are effectively avoided; the prepared high-performance isostatic pressing graphite has high purity, good mechanical property, low porosity and excellent comprehensive performance.
2) According to the preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite, from the viewpoint of raw material sources, the production performance and purity of the product can be improved, waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of the artificial graphite, the carbon fiber and the isostatic pressing graphite are fully utilized, and the manufacturing cost of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite is effectively reduced.
3) The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite can prepare the isostatic pressing graphite product with good density, low porosity, high purity and good mechanical property without adopting a repeated dipping and roasting process in the traditional isostatic pressing graphite preparation, effectively simplifies the process flow, is easy to control the preparation process, effectively improves the production efficiency and shortens the production period.
4) The density of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite can reach 1.80-1.98g/cm 3; the purity is high, and the ash content is lower than 110ppm; the mechanical property is good, and the bending strength is 80-140MPa; the resistivity is low and can reach 8-15 mu omega-m, the heat conduction performance is good, the heat conduction coefficient is 130-166W-m -1·K-1, the anisotropism degree is not more than 1.08, and the high-performance isostatic graphite is isotropic and has excellent comprehensive performance.
5) The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite has simple process flow, is easy to control, is suitable for large-scale production, and effectively recycles waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite and carbon fiber materials.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of high-performance isostatic pressing graphite, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S001, completely immersing artificial graphite micro powder (ash content is less than or equal to 15 ppm) with the particle size of 5 mu m into excessive concentrated sulfuric acid (namely a first oxidant) with the concentration of 75wt%, heating to 60 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 6 hours, and then washing and drying by water to obtain the modified graphite micro powder S1 with the micro oxidized surface.
Wherein the artificial graphite micropowder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite into the particle size specification.
Step S002, respectively weighing modified graphite micro powder S1, high-temperature asphalt with a softening point of 200 ℃ and tetrahydrofuran according to the weight ratio of 10:3:30; firstly, dissolving high-temperature asphalt in tetrahydrofuran, then adding modified graphite micro powder S1, and stirring for 30min; then feeding the materials into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, and at the temperature of 70 ℃, preserving heat and stirring until the solvent (tetrahydrofuran) is completely volatilized, and recycling the solvent after recycling the obtained solvent through condensation recovery treatment of volatile gas in the solvent volatilization process; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 1000 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours; crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified composite micro powder S2.
Step S003, the diameter of a monofilament is 10 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, carbon fiber powder with carbon content of 96wt% is fully immersed into excessive concentrated sulfuric acid (namely second oxidant) with concentration of 75wt%, heated to 60 ℃, kept for 6 hours, washed by water and dried to obtain surface micro-oxidation modified carbon fiber powder C1.
The carbon fiber powder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of carbon fibers into the length-diameter ratio specification.
And S004, mixing the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 according to the weight ratio of 10:8, and then adding the mixture into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the aggregate.
And S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and then feeding the mixture into a kneading device, wherein the kneading temperature is controlled to be 150 ℃, and the kneading time is controlled to be 20 minutes, so as to obtain the paste.
Wherein the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 25 percent of the total weight of the aggregate.
The softening point of the binder asphalt is 150 ℃ and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3 with the particle size of 100 mu m.
And S007, placing the composite powder S3 into a rubber mold for sealing, transferring into a warm isostatic press, controlling the warm isostatic pressing temperature to be 45 ℃, controlling the forming pressure to be 200MPa, and performing warm isostatic pressing for 15min to obtain a formed body.
And step S008, placing the formed body in a roasting furnace, heating to 1200 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, preserving heat for 200 hours, transferring into a graphitization furnace, heating to 3000 ℃ under normal pressure and the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 10 hours to obtain the high-performance isostatic graphite.
The embodiment also provides the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite prepared by the method.
The high performance isostatic graphite of this example had a density of 1.87g/cm 3, a flexural strength of 92MPa, a resistivity of 11. Mu. Ω & m, a thermal conductivity of 155W & m -1·K-1, a degree of anisotropy of 1.06, and an ash content of 105ppm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of high-performance isostatic pressing graphite, which comprises the following specific steps:
And S001, completely immersing artificial graphite micro powder (ash content is less than or equal to 15 ppm) with the particle size of 10 mu m into an excessive potassium permanganate solution (namely a first oxidant) with the concentration of 10wt%, heating to 90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 6 hours, and then washing and drying by water to obtain the modified graphite micro powder S1 with the micro-oxidized surface.
Wherein the artificial graphite micropowder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite into the particle size specification.
Step S002, respectively weighing modified graphite micro powder S1, high-temperature asphalt with a softening point of 280 ℃ and tetrahydrofuran according to the weight ratio of 10:4:40; firstly, dissolving high-temperature asphalt in tetrahydrofuran, then adding modified graphite micro powder S1, and stirring for 30min; then feeding the materials into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, and at the temperature of 70 ℃, preserving heat and stirring until the solvent (tetrahydrofuran) is completely volatilized, and recycling the solvent after recycling the obtained solvent through condensation recovery treatment of volatile gas in the solvent volatilization process; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 1100 ℃, and preserving heat for 6 hours; crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified composite micro powder S2.
Step S003, the diameter of a monofilament is 5 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, carbon fiber powder with 97wt% carbon content is completely immersed into excessive potassium permanganate solution (namely second oxidant) with 10wt% concentration, heated to 90 ℃ for heat preservation treatment for 6 hours, and then washed with water and dried to obtain surface micro-oxidation modified carbon fiber powder C1.
The carbon fiber powder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of carbon fibers into the length-diameter ratio specification.
And S004, mixing the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 according to the weight ratio of 10:9, and then adding the mixture into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the aggregate.
And S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and then feeding the mixture into a kneading device, wherein the kneading temperature is controlled to be 180 ℃, and the kneading time is controlled to be 30 minutes, so as to obtain the paste.
Wherein the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 47% of the total weight of the aggregate.
The softening point of the binder asphalt is 180 ℃ and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3 with the particle size of 50 μm.
And S007, placing the composite powder S3 into a rubber mold for sealing, transferring into a warm isostatic pressing machine, controlling the warm isostatic pressing temperature to be 25 ℃, controlling the forming pressure to be 150MPa, and performing warm isostatic pressing for 30min to obtain a formed body.
And step S008, placing the formed body in a roasting furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, preserving heat for 400 hours, transferring into a graphitization furnace, heating to 3200 ℃ under normal pressure and the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 12 hours to obtain the high-performance isostatic graphite.
The embodiment also provides the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite prepared by the method.
The high-performance isostatic graphite of this example had a density of 1.98g/cm 3, a flexural strength of 140MPa, a resistivity of 8. Mu. Ω & m, a thermal conductivity of 166W & m -1·K-1, a degree of anisotropy of 1.06, and an ash content of 65ppm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of high-performance isostatic pressing graphite, which comprises the following specific steps:
Step S001, completely immersing artificial graphite micro powder (ash content is less than or equal to 15 ppm) with the particle size of 20 mu m into excessive concentrated nitric acid (namely a first oxidant) with the concentration of 70wt%, heating to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 4 hours, and then washing and drying by water to obtain the modified graphite micro powder S1 with the micro oxidized surface.
Wherein the artificial graphite micropowder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of artificial graphite into the particle size specification.
Step S002, respectively weighing modified graphite micro powder S1, high-temperature asphalt with a softening point of 240 ℃ and tetrahydrofuran according to the weight ratio of 10:2:20; firstly, dissolving high-temperature asphalt in tetrahydrofuran, then adding modified graphite micro powder S1, and stirring for 30min; then feeding the materials into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, and at the temperature of 70 ℃, preserving heat and stirring until the solvent (tetrahydrofuran) is completely volatilized, and recycling the solvent after recycling the obtained solvent through condensation recovery treatment of volatile gas in the solvent volatilization process; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 800 ℃, and preserving heat for 8 hours; crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified composite micro powder S2.
Step S003, the diameter of a monofilament is 1 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, carbon fiber powder with carbon content of 95wt% is fully immersed into excessive concentrated nitric acid (namely second oxidant) with concentration of 70wt%, heated to 80 ℃, kept for 4 hours, washed by water and dried to obtain surface micro-oxidation modified carbon fiber powder C1.
The carbon fiber powder is prepared by crushing waste materials generated in the production and processing processes of carbon fibers into the length-diameter ratio specification.
And S004, mixing the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 according to the weight ratio of 10:12, and then adding the mixture into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the aggregate.
And S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and then feeding the mixture into a kneading device, wherein the kneading temperature is controlled to be 130 ℃, and the kneading time is controlled to be 30 minutes, so as to obtain the paste.
Wherein the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 60 percent of the total weight of the aggregate.
The softening point of the binder asphalt is 130 ℃, and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3 with the particle size of 75 μm.
And S007, placing the composite powder S3 into a rubber mold for sealing, transferring into a warm isostatic pressing machine, controlling the warm isostatic pressing temperature to be 60 ℃, controlling the forming pressure to be 100MPa, and performing warm isostatic pressing for 30min to obtain a formed body.
And step S008, placing the formed body in a roasting furnace, heating to 1100 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, preserving heat for 250 hours, transferring into a graphitization furnace, heating to 2500 ℃ under normal pressure and the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20 hours to obtain the high-performance isostatic graphite.
The embodiment also provides the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite prepared by the method.
The high-performance isostatic graphite of this example had a density of 1.80g/cm 3, a flexural strength of 80.3MPa, a resistivity of 15. Mu. Ω & m, a thermal conductivity of 130W & m -1·K-1, a degree of anisotropy of 1.08, and an ash content of 100ppm.
Comparative example 1
For the preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite, a comparative example is set; the technical proposal is mainly characterized in that: ① Omitting the treatment of the first oxidant on the artificial graphite micropowder; ② The treatment of the carbon fiber powder by the second oxidizing agent is omitted.
The specific technical scheme of the comparative example is as follows:
step S001, artificial graphite micro powder with the particle size of 20 mu m is washed by water and then dried, and the graphite micro powder S1 is obtained.
Step S002, respectively weighing graphite micro powder S1, high-temperature asphalt with a softening point of 240 ℃ and tetrahydrofuran according to the weight ratio of 10:2:20; firstly, dissolving high-temperature asphalt in tetrahydrofuran, then adding graphite micropowder S1, and stirring for 30min; then feeding the materials into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, and at the temperature of 70 ℃, preserving heat and stirring until the solvent (tetrahydrofuran) is completely volatilized, and recycling the solvent after recycling the obtained solvent through condensation recovery treatment of volatile gas in the solvent volatilization process; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 800 ℃, preserving heat and carbonizing for 8 hours; crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain composite micro powder S2.
Step S003, the diameter of a monofilament is 1 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, carbon fiber powder with carbon content of 95wt% is washed by water and dried to obtain carbon fiber powder C1.
And S004, mixing the composite micro powder S2 and the carbon fiber powder C1 according to the weight ratio of 10:3, and then adding the mixture into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the aggregate.
And S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and then feeding the mixture into a kneading device, wherein the kneading temperature is controlled to be 130 ℃, and the kneading time is controlled to be 15 minutes, so as to obtain the paste.
Wherein the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 60 percent of the total weight of the aggregate.
The softening point of the binder asphalt is 130 ℃, and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3 with the particle size of 75 μm.
And S007, placing the composite powder S3 into a rubber mold for sealing, transferring into a warm isostatic pressing machine, controlling the warm isostatic pressing temperature to be 60 ℃, controlling the forming pressure to be 100MPa, and performing warm isostatic pressing for 30min to obtain a formed body.
Step S008, placing the formed body in a roasting furnace, heating to 1100 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 250 hours; heating to 2500 ℃ under normal pressure and protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20 hours to obtain the isostatic graphite.
The isostatic graphite prepared in comparative example 1 has a density of 1.68g/cm 3, a porosity of 23.6%, a flexural strength of 52.3MPa, a resistivity of 17. Mu. Ω & m, a thermal conductivity of 90W & m -1·K-1, a degree of anisotropy of 1.07, and an ash content of 100ppm.
Comparative example 2
Based on the technical scheme of comparative example 1, the related preparation of the composite micro powder S2 in step S002 was further omitted, and the graphite micro powder S1 and the carbon fiber powder C1 of comparative example 1 were directly used in step S004.
The isostatic graphite prepared in comparative example 2 has a density of 1.60g/cm 3, a porosity of 27.3%, a flexural strength of 45MPa, a resistivity of 18. Mu.Ω.m, a thermal conductivity of 85 W.m -1·K-1, an anisotropy of 1.08, and an ash content of 100ppm.
The percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S001, completely soaking the artificial graphite micro powder into a first oxidant, heating to 60-90 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, and drying to obtain modified graphite micro powder S1;
the first oxidant is one of the following: concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate solution and hypochlorous acid;
Step S002, adding the modified graphite micro powder S1 into tetrahydrofuran dissolved with high-temperature asphalt, uniformly stirring, and then, keeping the temperature and stirring until the tetrahydrofuran is completely volatilized at the temperature of not lower than 70 ℃; cooling, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 2mm, and extruding and forming to obtain a green body; placing the blank into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 800-1100 ℃, preserving heat and carbonizing; crushing and sieving to obtain modified composite micro powder S2;
step S003, completely soaking carbon fiber powder into a second oxidant, heating to 60-90 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, and drying to obtain modified carbon fiber powder C1;
the second oxidant is one of the following: concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate solution and hypochlorous acid;
step S004, uniformly mixing the modified composite micro powder S2 and the modified carbon fiber powder C1 to prepare aggregate;
step S005, mixing aggregate and binder asphalt powder, and kneading in a kneading device to obtain paste;
Step S006, rolling and crushing the paste to obtain composite powder S3;
step S007, carrying out warm isostatic compaction on the composite powder S3 to obtain a molded body;
and step S008, roasting and graphitizing the molded body to obtain the high-performance isostatic pressing graphite.
2. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S001, the particle size of the artificial graphite micropowder is 5-20 μm, and ash content is less than or equal to 15ppm;
in the step S003, the diameter of the monofilament of the carbon fiber powder is 1-10 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is less than or equal to 4:1, the carbon content is more than or equal to 95 percent.
3. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S001, the heat preservation time is 3-6 hours;
in the step S003, the heat preservation time is 3-6h.
4. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S002, the softening point of the high-temperature asphalt is 200-280 ℃;
the mass ratio of the modified graphite micro powder S1 to the high-temperature asphalt to the tetrahydrofuran is 10:2-4:20-40.
5. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S002, the heat preservation time is 4-8h, and the number of the sieves is 100-200 meshes.
6. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S004, the weight ratio of the modified composite micro powder S2 to the modified carbon fiber powder C1 is 10:8-12;
In the step S006, the particle size of the composite powder S3 is 40-160 μm.
7. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S005, the addition amount of the binder asphalt is 25% -60% of the total weight of the aggregate;
the softening point of the binder asphalt is 130-180 ℃ and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
8. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S007, the temperature isostatic pressing temperature is 25-60 ℃, the forming pressure is 100-200MPa, and the forming time is 15-30min.
9. The method for preparing high-performance isostatic pressing graphite according to claim 1, wherein in the step S008, the roasting is performed by heating to 1000-1200 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 200-400 hours;
graphitizing is carried out by heating to 2500-3200 ℃ under normal pressure and protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 10-20h.
10. A high performance isostatic graphite produced by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN116496087A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南大学 | Superfine structure special carbon material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117447220A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-01-26 | 湖南元墨科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-temperature-resistant isotropic graphite |
| CN117682860A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-12 | 河北博翔特种石墨有限公司 | Method for preparing special graphite material from isostatic pressing graphite waste |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118407076A (en) * | 2024-07-02 | 2024-07-30 | 湖南恒升热工机械设备有限公司 | Nonmetal cathode plate for electrolytic manganese dioxide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN118407076B (en) * | 2024-07-02 | 2024-10-01 | 湖南恒升热工机械设备有限公司 | Nonmetal cathode plate for electrolytic manganese dioxide and preparation method and application thereof |
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