CN118046793B - Battery replacement method for electric vehicle battery replacement station and battery replacement station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a battery replacement method of an electric automobile power exchange station and the power exchange station, wherein the battery replacement method of the electric automobile power exchange station comprises the following steps: the target charging station acquires the current electric quantity of the current user electric car in real time, and predicts the arrival electric quantity Q _a of the electric car; calculating first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the arrival time of the trolley, and judging whether the battery packs meeting the first power condition exist or not; screening battery packs meeting the first electric quantity condition as a first set, and reserving any battery pack which is not reserved in the first set; if each battery pack in the first set is reserved, whether each reserved battery pack can be allocated or not is judged in sequence, and if a previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the first set, allocation can be carried out. The invention solves the problem that the requirements of more users cannot be met when the battery pack with enough residual capacity and good residual capacity is not available in the power exchange station.

Description

Battery replacement method for electric vehicle battery replacement station and battery replacement station

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement stations, and in particular to a battery replacement method and a battery replacement station for electric vehicles.

Background technique

With the popularity of electric vehicles, both household and commercial vehicles are gradually turning to electrification. The main problem with electric vehicles at present is that they charge slowly. Even with fast charging, they cannot fully achieve the same energy replenishment efficiency as traditional fuel vehicles. Therefore, battery replacement is gradually being used. When the battery power at the battery swap station is sufficient, the energy replenishment efficiency of electric vehicles can be comparable to the refueling time of traditional fuel vehicles when the battery swap mode is adopted, effectively alleviating the mileage anxiety of electric vehicle owners.

However, under the battery swap mode, once the demand for battery swap increases in a short period of time, the battery swap station does not have enough battery packs with good remaining power and cannot meet the needs of more users. Therefore, there are more problems of failed battery swap appointments.

Summary of the invention

The problem that the present invention solves is that the demand for battery replacement increases in a short period of time, and the battery replacement station does not have enough battery packs with good remaining power, and cannot meet the needs of more users.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station, the battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station comprising: step S1: the current user initiates an appointment with a target charging station; step S2: the target charging station obtains the current power, current geographic coordinates and current driving status of the current user's electric vehicle in real time, and estimates the electric vehicle arrival power Q _a ; step S3: the target charging station obtains the initial reserve power of all battery packs in real time, estimates the electric vehicle arrival time according to the current geographic coordinates and current driving status of the current user's electric vehicle in real time, calculates the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the electric vehicle arrival time, and compares the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery packs in the target charging station with the electric vehicle arrival power Q _a , determine whether there is a battery pack that meets the first power condition at the target charging station; step S4: if there is a battery pack that meets the first power condition, select the battery pack that meets the first power condition as the first set, and reserve any battery pack in the first set that meets the first power and has not been reserved; step S5: if each battery pack in the first set is reserved, then determine whether each reserved battery pack can be deployed in reverse order according to the reservation time of the battery pack in the first set of the current user. If the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its first set, the battery pack can be deployed. After the battery pack is deployed, the target charging station completes the reservation of the current user; step S6: after the tram arrives at the target charging station, the battery pack of the tram is replaced according to the battery pack reserved by the current user in the target charging station; wherein the first power condition is that the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery pack is greater than the tram arrival power Q _{a A} first preset value k1; the full charge of the battery pack is Q, and the value range of the first preset value k1 is 0.3Q≤k1＜Q.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution: estimating the power of the tram at the station, and estimating the first arrival reserve power of the battery pack when the tram arrives at the station, can more accurately calculate the power increase of the current user's tram after the battery replacement, so as to obtain a more accurate screening effect. When the battery pack meets the first power condition, the power increase after the battery replacement is sufficient to meet the needs of customers, so it is included in the first power condition, but not necessarily all of them are in an unreserved state, so all batteries that meet the conditions are screened out to facilitate deployment within the range of meeting the conditions, thereby meeting the battery replacement needs of more vehicles. Among them, deployment within the first set corresponding to each reserved battery pack can avoid the situation where the power of the corresponding previous user's tram is not increased enough after the battery replacement.

Furthermore, the target charging station has at least a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode; in the step S3: calculating the first arrival reserve power _Qb of all battery packs according to the arrival time of the tram, specifically comprising: according to the arrival time of the tram, using the normal charging mode to calculate the power that can be added to all battery packs within the arrival time of the tram, and then based on the initial reserve power of all battery packs, obtaining the first arrival reserve power _Qb of all battery packs.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution: due to the consideration of heat generation, power consumption and other issues, the normal charging mode is preferentially used to calculate the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery pack. If there is a battery pack that meets the first power condition at this time and it has not been reserved or has not been reserved after allocation, it means that the current user's needs can be met through the normal charging mode, reducing the heat generation and power consumption problems of fast charging; when the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery pack calculated by the normal charging mode cannot meet the demand, the fast charging mode is considered to ensure that more battery packs can reach the power required by the current user.

Furthermore, the step S4 also includes: if there is no battery pack that meets the first power condition, then using the fast charging mode to calculate the power that can be added to all battery packs within the time when the tram arrives at the station, and then based on the initial reserve power of all battery packs, obtaining the second arrival reserve power _Qc of all battery packs, and judging whether there is a battery pack that meets the second power condition at the target charging station; if there is a battery pack that meets the second power condition, then screening the battery packs that meet the second power condition as the second set, and reserving any battery pack in the second set that meets the second power and has not been reserved; wherein, the second power condition is that the second arrival reserve power _Qc of the battery pack is greater than a second preset value k2 _of the tram arrival power Qa; the value range of the second preset value k2 is 0.2Q≤k2＜Q.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: when there is no battery pack that meets the first power condition, the fast charging mode is adopted to calculate the maximum power that each battery pack can reach in the fast charging mode, so that it is possible that more battery packs can reach the power required by the current user; but even if the second power condition is met, there may be a reserved state, so it is also necessary to screen the battery packs in the second set that have not been reserved, or to deploy them within the range of the second set.

Furthermore, after step S4, the battery replacement method of the electric vehicle battery replacement station also includes step S7, and the step S7 includes: if each battery pack in the second set is reserved, then judging whether each reserved battery pack can be deployed in reverse order according to the reservation time of the battery pack in the second set of the current user; if the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in his second set or first set, the battery pack can be deployed, and after the battery pack is deployed, the target charging station completes the reservation of the current user; the target charging station performs the fast charging mode on the battery pack reserved by the current user; and performs step S6.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: when all the battery packs in the second set are reserved, it is necessary to try to allocate them in turn so that the current user can also get a reservation; the previous user who has made a reservation may be able to obtain a battery pack that meets the needs through the ordinary charging mode. At this time, the reserved battery pack is located in the first set of the previous user, so the battery pack is searched and allocated in the first set; of course, the previous user who has made a reservation may also be able to obtain a battery pack that meets the needs through the fast charging mode. At this time, the reserved battery pack is located in the second set of the previous user, so the battery pack is searched and allocated in the second set; after the allocation is completed, only the battery pack allocated by the current user is quickly charged to reduce load and heat problems.

Furthermore, the method of judging in turn whether each reserved battery pack can be deployed, and if the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set or first set, then the battery pack can be deployed, specifically including: if the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected in its second set, then judging whether the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set; if the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected in its first set, then judging first whether the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its first set, if not, then judging again whether the user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: for the prior users who have reserved a battery pack in the second set, if it can be directly allocated in the second set, it will be allocated to facilitate the current user's reservation, and if it cannot be allocated in its second set, the battery packs in the second set will not be further allocated, so as to avoid too many adjustments of prior users; for the prior users who have reserved a battery pack in the first set, if it can be directly allocated in the first set, it will be allocated to facilitate the current user's reservation, and if it cannot be allocated in its first set, the fast charging mode will be used to determine whether it can be allocated in its second set. If not, the battery packs in the second set will not be further allocated.

Furthermore, if the user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in the second set, the target charging station also performs the fast charging mode on the switched battery pack reserved by the previous user.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: if the user needs to use the fast charging mode after deployment to make the reserved battery pack meet the requirements, only this battery pack will be overcharged to avoid too many battery packs that need to be overcharged, which will cause heat and energy consumption problems.

Furthermore, the step S7 also includes: if all reserved battery packs in the second set of the current user cannot be deployed, the target charging station notifies the current user that the reservation cannot be made.

Furthermore, the step S5 also includes: if all reserved battery packs in the first set of the current user cannot be deployed, the target charging station notifies the current user that the reservation cannot be made.

Furthermore, in step S3, the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs is calculated according to the tram arrival time, specifically including: real-time estimating the current queuing time of the target charging station, when the tram arrival time is greater than or equal to the current queuing time, calculating the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the tram arrival time, when the tram arrival time is less than the current queuing time, calculating the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the current queuing time.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: when there is a queue at the target charging station, it is necessary to wait for the rest of the users to complete the battery swap before the battery swap can be carried out. At this time, the reserved battery pack can also be charged, even in fast charging mode. Therefore, the current queue time is recorded as the first arrival reserve power _Qb , and the battery pack that meets the requirements can be obtained more accurately. There are only more battery packs that meet the requirements, so the current user also has a greater chance of obtaining more deployable battery packs, so that the target charging station can meet the needs of more users.

The present invention provides a battery swap station, which is used to implement a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery swap station as provided in any of the above technical solutions.

The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution: the battery swap station can achieve one or more technical effects achieved by the battery replacement method of any of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery swap stations.

In summary, the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present application may have one or more of the following advantages or beneficial effects: i) estimating the power of the tram at the arrival station, and estimating the first arrival reserve power of the battery pack when the tram arrives at the station, can more accurately calculate the power increase of the current user's tram after battery replacement, thereby obtaining a more accurate screening effect; ii) when the battery pack meets the first power condition, the power increase after battery replacement is sufficient to meet the needs of customers, so it is included in the first power condition, but not necessarily all of them are in an unreserved state, so all batteries that meet the conditions are screened out, which is convenient for deployment within the range of meeting the conditions, thereby meeting the battery replacement needs of more vehicles; iii) when the first arrival reserve power _Qb of the battery pack calculated by the ordinary charging mode cannot meet the demand, then consider the fast charging mode to ensure that more battery packs can reach the power required by the current user, so the current user also has a greater chance of obtaining more deployable battery packs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a flow chart of a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery replacement method and battery replacement station for electric vehicle battery replacement stations, which are used to achieve the effect that when the demand for battery replacement in the battery replacement station increases, more battery packs with good remaining power can be deployed in the battery replacement station to meet the needs of more users.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station, and the battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station comprises:

Step S1: The current user initiates a reservation for the target charging station;

Step S2: The target charging station obtains the current power of the current user's electric vehicle, the current geographical coordinates and the current driving status in real time, and estimates the electric vehicle's arrival power Q _a ;

Step S3: The target charging station obtains the initial reserve power of all battery packs in real time, estimates the arrival time of the tram according to the current geographic coordinates and current driving status of the current user's tram in real time, calculates the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the tram arrival time, compares the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery packs in the target charging station with the tram arrival power Q _a , and determines whether there is a battery pack that meets the first power condition in the target charging station;

Step S4: if there are battery packs that meet the first power condition, the battery packs that meet the first power condition are selected as a first set, and any battery pack in the first set that meets the first power condition and has not been reserved is reserved;

Step S5: If each battery pack in the first set is reserved, then the reservation time of the battery pack in the first set of the current user is reversed, and each reserved battery pack is judged in turn whether it can be deployed. If the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in the first set, the battery pack can be deployed. After the battery pack is deployed, the target charging station completes the reservation of the current user;

Step S6: After the electric vehicle arrives at the target charging station, the battery pack of the electric vehicle is replaced according to the battery pack reserved by the current user in the target charging station;

Among them, the first power condition is that the first arrival reserve power _Qb of the battery pack is greater than the first preset value k1 of the tram arrival power _Qa ; the full charge of the battery pack is Q, and the value range of the first preset value k1 is 0.3Q≤k1＜Q.

In this embodiment, the estimated power of the tram at the station, as well as the estimated first arrival reserve power of the battery pack when the tram arrives at the station, can more accurately calculate the power increase of the current user's tram after battery replacement, thereby obtaining a more accurate screening effect. When the battery pack meets the first power condition, the power increase after battery replacement is sufficient to meet the needs of customers, so it is included in the first power condition, but not necessarily all of them are in an unreserved state, so all batteries that meet the conditions are screened out to facilitate deployment within the range of meeting the conditions, thereby meeting the battery replacement needs of more vehicles. Among them, deployment within the first set corresponding to each reserved battery pack can avoid insufficient power increase of the corresponding previous user's tram after battery replacement.

Preferably, the first preset value and the first preset ratio can both be floating values. For example, the smaller the electric quantity Qa of the tram arriving at the station _is , the larger the first preset value or the first preset ratio is, which is not limited here.

In a specific embodiment, the target charging station has at least a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode; in step S3: calculating the first arrival reserve power _Qb of all battery packs according to the arrival time of the tram, specifically including: according to the arrival time of the tram, using the normal charging mode to calculate the power that can be added to all battery packs within the arrival time of the tram, and then based on the initial reserve power of all battery packs, obtaining the first arrival reserve power _Qb of all battery packs.

It should be noted that, due to considerations of heat generation, power consumption and other issues, the normal charging mode is preferentially used to calculate the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery pack. If there is a battery pack that meets the first power condition at this time and it has not been reserved or has not been reserved after allocation, it means that the normal charging mode can meet the needs of the current user and reduce the heat generation and power consumption problems of fast charging. When the first arrival reserve power Q _b of the battery pack calculated by the normal charging mode cannot meet the demand, the fast charging mode is considered to ensure that more battery packs can reach the power required by the current user.

In a specific embodiment, step S4 also includes: if there is no battery pack that meets the first power condition, then using the fast charging mode to calculate the power that can be added to all battery packs within the time when the tram arrives at the station, and then based on the initial reserve power of all battery packs, obtaining the second arrival reserve power _Qc of all battery packs, and judging whether there is a battery pack that meets the second power condition at the target charging station; if there is a battery pack that meets the second power condition, then screening the battery packs that meet the second power condition as the second set, and reserving any battery pack in the second set that meets the second power and has not been reserved; wherein the second power condition is that the second arrival reserve power _Qc of the battery pack is greater than a second preset value k2 of the tram arrival power _Qa ; the value range of the second preset value k2 is 0.2Q≤k2＜Q.

It should be noted that when there are no battery packs that meet the first power condition, the fast charging mode can be used to calculate the maximum power that each battery pack can reach in the fast charging mode, so that more battery packs may be able to reach the power required by the current user; but even if the second power condition is met, there may be a reserved state, so it is also necessary to screen the battery packs in the second set that have not been reserved, or to deploy them within the range of the second set.

Preferably, the second preset value and the second preset ratio can both be floating values. For example, the smaller the electric quantity _Qa of the tram arriving at the station is, the larger the second preset value and the second preset ratio are. No limitation is made here.

In a specific embodiment, after step S4, the battery replacement method of the electric vehicle battery replacement station also includes step S7, and step S7 includes: if each battery pack in the second set is reserved, then judging whether each reserved battery pack can be deployed in reverse order of the reservation time of the battery pack in the second set of the current user; if the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in his second set or first set, the battery pack can be deployed, and after the battery pack is deployed, the target charging station completes the reservation of the current user; the target charging station performs fast charging mode on the battery pack reserved by the current user; and proceeds to step S6.

It should be noted that when all the battery packs in the second set are reserved, it is necessary to try to allocate them in turn so that the current user can also obtain a reservation; the previous user who has made a reservation may be able to obtain a battery pack that meets his needs through the normal charging mode. At this time, the reserved battery pack is located in the first set of the previous user, so the battery pack is searched and allocated in the first set; of course, the previous user who has made a reservation may also be able to obtain a battery pack that meets his needs through the fast charging mode. At this time, the reserved battery pack is located in the second set of the previous user, so the battery pack is searched and allocated in the second set; after the allocation is completed, only the battery pack allocated by the current user is fast charged to reduce load and heat problems.

In a specific embodiment, it is determined in turn whether each reserved battery pack can be deployed. If the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set or first set, the battery pack can be deployed, specifically including: if the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected in its second set, then it is determined whether the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set; if the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected in its first set, then it is determined first whether the prior user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its first set; if not, then it is determined whether the user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in its second set.

It should be noted that, for prior users who have reserved a battery pack in the second set, if they can be directly allocated in the second set, they will be allocated to facilitate the current user's reservation, and if they cannot be allocated in their second set, the battery packs in the second set will not be further allocated to avoid too many adjustments of prior users; for prior users who have reserved a battery pack in the first set, if they can be directly allocated in the first set, they will be allocated to facilitate the current user's reservation, and if they cannot be allocated in the first set, the fast charging mode will be used to determine whether they can be allocated in the second set. If not, the battery packs in the second set will not be further allocated.

In a specific embodiment, if the user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other unreserved battery pack in the second set, the target charging station also performs fast charging mode for the switched battery pack reserved by the previous user.

It should be noted that if the user needs to use fast charging mode after adjustment to make the reserved battery pack meet the requirements, only this battery pack will be overcharged to avoid too many battery packs needing to be overcharged, which will cause heat and energy consumption problems.

In a specific embodiment, step S7 further includes: if all reserved battery packs in the second set of the current user cannot be allocated, the target charging station notifies the current user that the reservation cannot be made.

In a specific embodiment, step S5 further includes: if all reserved battery packs in the first set of the current user cannot be allocated, the target charging station notifies the current user that the reservation cannot be made.

In a specific embodiment, in step S3, the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs is calculated according to the tram arrival time, which specifically includes: real-time estimating the current queue time of the target charging station, when the tram arrival time is greater than or equal to the current queue time, calculating the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the tram arrival time, when the tram arrival time is less than the current queue time, calculating the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs according to the current queue time.

It should be noted that when there is a queue at the target charging station, it is necessary to wait for the rest of the users to complete their battery swaps before the battery swap can be performed. At this time, the reserved battery pack can also be charged, even in fast charging mode. Therefore, the current queue time is recorded as the first arrival reserve power Q _b , so that the battery pack that meets the requirements can be obtained more accurately. There are only more battery packs that meet the requirements, so the current user also has a greater chance of obtaining more deployable battery packs, so that the target charging station can meet the needs of more users.

The present invention provides a battery swap station, which is used to implement a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery swap station as provided in any of the above technical solutions.

It should be noted that the battery swap station can achieve one or more technical effects achieved by the battery replacement method of any of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery swap stations.

Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The battery replacement method for the electric automobile power exchange station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

Step S1: the current user initiates reservation to a target charging station;

Step S2: the target charging station acquires the current electric quantity of the current user electric car, the current geographic coordinates and the current running state in real time, and predicts the arrival electric quantity Q _a of the electric car;

Step S3: the target charging station acquires initial reserve electric quantity of all battery packs in real time, estimates the arrival time of the electric car in real time according to the current geographic coordinates and the current running state of the electric car of the current user, calculates first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of all battery packs according to the arrival time of the electric car, compares the first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of the battery packs in the target charging station with the arrival electric quantity Q _a of the electric car, and judges whether the battery packs meeting the first electric quantity condition exist in the target charging station;

Step S4: if the battery pack meeting the first electric quantity condition exists, screening the battery pack meeting the first electric quantity condition as a first set, and reserving any battery pack meeting the first electric quantity and not reserved in the first set;

Step S5: if each battery pack in the first set is reserved, judging whether each reserved battery pack can be allocated according to the reserved time reverse order of the battery pack of the first set of the current user, if the reserved battery pack corresponding to the reserved battery pack can be switched to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the first set of the current user, allocating the battery pack, and finishing the reservation of the current user by the target charging station after allocating the battery pack;

Step S6: after the electric car reaches the target charging station, replacing the battery pack of the electric car according to the battery pack reserved by the current user in the target charging station;

The first electric quantity condition is that the first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of the battery pack is larger than a first preset value k1 of the trolley arrival electric quantity Q _a; the full electric quantity of the battery pack is Q, and the value range of the first preset value k1 is 0.3Q-k 1 < Q.

2. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station of claim 1, wherein the target charging station has at least a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode;

In the step S3: the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all the battery packs is calculated according to the arrival time of the trolley, and specifically comprises the following steps: according to the arrival time of the trolley, the electric quantity which can be increased in the arrival time of the trolley is calculated by adopting a common charging mode, and then the first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of all the battery packs is obtained based on the initial reserve electric quantity of all the battery packs.

3. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 2, wherein the step S4 further includes: if the battery packs meeting the first electric quantity condition do not exist, calculating the electric quantity which can be increased in the arrival time of the trolley by adopting a quick charging mode, obtaining second arrival reserve electric quantity Q _c of all the battery packs based on the initial reserve electric quantity of all the battery packs, and judging whether the battery packs meeting the second electric quantity condition exist in the target charging station;

If the battery packs meeting the second electric quantity conditions exist, screening the battery packs meeting the second electric quantity conditions as a second set, and reserving any battery pack which meets the second electric quantity and is not reserved in the second set;

The second electric quantity condition is that the second arrival reserve electric quantity Q _c of the battery pack is larger than a second preset value k2 of the trolley arrival electric quantity Q _a; the value range of the second preset value k2 is 0.2Q-k 2 < Q.

4. The battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 3, characterized in that after the step S4, the battery replacement method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station further includes a step S7, the step S7 including:

if each battery pack in the second set is reserved, judging whether each reserved battery pack can be allocated according to the reserved time reverse order of the battery packs in the second set of the current user, and if the reserved battery pack corresponding to the reserved battery pack can be switched to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the second set or the first set of the battery pack, allocating the battery pack, wherein after allocating the battery pack, the target charging station finishes the reservation of the current user;

the target charging station performs the fast charging mode on a battery pack reserved by a current user;

the step S6 is performed.

5. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 4, wherein the sequentially determining whether each reserved battery pack can be allocated includes, if a previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to another one of the battery packs not reserved in the second set or the first set, allocating the battery pack, specifically including:

if the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected from the second set, judging whether the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the second set;

If the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack is selected from the first set, whether the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the first set is judged, and if the previous user corresponding to the reserved battery pack cannot switch the reserved battery pack to any other battery pack which is not reserved in the second set is judged.

6. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 5, wherein if a user corresponding to a reserved battery pack can switch the reserved battery pack to another one of the battery packs that are not reserved in the second set of the reserved battery packs;

The target charging station also performs the fast charge mode on the switched battery pack reserved by the previous user.

7. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 4, wherein the step S7 further comprises:

if all reserved battery packs in the second set of the current user cannot be allocated, the target charging station informs the current user that reservation cannot be performed.

8. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 further comprises:

If all reserved battery packs in the first set of the current user cannot be allocated, the target charging station informs the current user that reservation cannot be performed.

9. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle battery replacement station according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the first arrival reserve power Q _b of all battery packs is calculated according to the trolley arrival time, and specifically includes:

and estimating the current queuing time of the target charging station in real time, calculating the first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of all battery packs according to the trolley arrival time when the trolley arrival time is greater than or equal to the current queuing time, and calculating the first arrival reserve electric quantity Q _b of all battery packs according to the current queuing time when the trolley arrival time is less than the current queuing time.

10. A battery exchange station for implementing a battery exchange method of an electric vehicle battery exchange station according to any one of claims 1-9.