CN118000288A - Non-grain ecological feed and preparation method and feeding method thereof - Google Patents
Non-grain ecological feed and preparation method and feeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118000288A CN118000288A CN202410114588.7A CN202410114588A CN118000288A CN 118000288 A CN118000288 A CN 118000288A CN 202410114588 A CN202410114588 A CN 202410114588A CN 118000288 A CN118000288 A CN 118000288A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a non-grain ecological feed and a preparation method and a feeding method thereof, which utilize complex enzyme systems and microorganisms to act on straws and food industry residues, convert the straws and the food industry residues into glucose and a part of oligosaccharides, amino acids, small peptides, inositol, nucleic acids, mineral substances, trace elements, vitamins and other nutrient substances for monogastric animals; the digestive function of the monogastric animal can be enhanced by adding the Chinese herbal medicines, the immune function of the monogastric animal can be improved, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced; and the deficiency of exogenous enzymes in the digestive tract of the monogastric animals is supplemented through a complex enzyme system, so that the residual quantity of protein and phytic acid in excrement is reduced, the odor is reduced, the pig house environment is improved, and the medicine and treatment cost is obviously reduced.
Description
The application relates to a patent application of a non-grain ecological feed, a preparation method and a feeding method thereof, wherein the application date of the original application is 2016, 01, 28 and 201610057644.3.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a non-grain ecological feed, a preparation method and a feeding method thereof.
Background
A large amount of crop straws are burnt in the existing agricultural production, so that environmental pollution is caused, a large amount of food residues are discarded in the food processing process, and the crop straws are huge waste of biological resources, so that the crop straws are manufactured into high-quality feeds which can be absorbed and utilized by animals, and the high-quality feeds have great economic, social and ecological benefits. Chinese patent 89109439, double simulated straw feed, simulated rumen function and simulated cecum function, converts straw and wild grass into feed for monogastric animals, and can replace grain feed with higher proportion, but the taste and ingredients of the feed have a gap from the feeding performance of monogastric animals, the original technology has low conversion efficiency in the conversion process, the feed has poor palatability, the nutrition ingredients of the feed are unreasonable, and the conversion of truly non-grain feed to grain feed is not realized in all aspects of feed energy, protein, vitamins, trace elements and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-grain ecological feed, a preparation method and a feeding method thereof, which solve the problems of low feed conversion efficiency, poor palatability, unreasonable nutritional ingredients and large feeding habit difference with monogastric animals in the prior art, and can not be utilized by the monogastric animals.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a non-grain ecological feed comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 40-80 parts of corn straw, 1-25 parts of jerusalem artichoke straw, 0.5-20 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 0.5-20 parts of carrot processing residues, 0.5-20 parts of mulberry leaves, 0.1-15 parts of astragalus roots, 0.02-5 parts of papain, 0.02-5 parts of phytase, 0.5-20 parts of cellobiase, 0.1-15 parts of glucanase, 0.02-5 parts of xylanase, 0.001-0.3 part of pectase, 0.001-0.3 part of fungal amylase, 0.01-3 parts of beer yeast, 0.002-0.5 part of aspergillus niger, 0.005-1 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.001-0.3 part of geotrichum candidum.
The non-grain ecological feed comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 45-70 parts of corn straw, 5-20 parts of jerusalem artichoke straw, 2-15 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 2-15 parts of carrot processing residues, 2-15 parts of mulberry leaves, 0.5-8 parts of astragalus mongholicus, 0.1-1.5 parts of papain, 0.1-1.5 parts of phytase, 2-15 parts of cellobiase, 0.5-8 parts of glucanase, 0.1-2 parts of xylanase, 0.005-0.1 part of pectase, 0.005-0.1 part of fungal amylase, 0.05-1 part of brewer's yeast, 0.01-0.1 part of aspergillus niger, 0.02-0.5 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.005-0.1 part of geotrichumus.
The non-grain ecological feed comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 50-60 parts of corn stalk, 10-15 parts of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 5-10 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residue, 5-10 parts of carrot processing residue, 5-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 1-3 parts of astragalus root, 0.2-0.5 part of papain, 0.2-0.5 part of phytase, 5-10 parts of cellobiase, 1-3 parts of glucanase, 0.2-0.5 part of xylanase, 0.01-0.03 part of pectase, 0.01-0.03 part of fungal amylase, 0.1-0.3 part of beer yeast, 0.02-0.05 part of aspergillus niger, 0.05-0.1 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.01-0.03 part of geotrichum candidum.
The non-grain ecological feed comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 54-58 parts of corn stalk, 12-14 parts of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 7-9 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residue, 6-8 parts of carrot processing residue, 7-9 parts of mulberry leaf, 1.5-2 parts of astragalus root, 0.3-0.4 part of papain, 0.3-0.4 part of phytase, 7.5-8 parts of cellobiase, 1.5-2.5 parts of glucanase, 0.3-0.4 part of xylanase, 0.02-0.025 part of pectase, 0.015-0.02 part of fungal amylase, 0.15-0.2 part of beer yeast, 0.03-0.04 part of aspergillus niger, 0.07-0.08 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.02-0.025 part of geotrichum candidum.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the non-grain ecological feed, which comprises the following steps:
A. combining the effective components of the non-grain ecological feed according to the mass ratio to obtain an initial material;
B. adding water into the initial material, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
C. Briquetting by using a hydraulic briquetting machine;
D. And (3) performing enzymolysis under anaerobic conditions.
In the preparation method of the non-grain ecological feed, in the step B, the water content of the initial material after water is added is 50-85%.
In the preparation method of the non-grain ecological feed, in the step B, the water added in the initial material is waste water of a food processing plant.
In the preparation method of the non-grain ecological feed, the preparation method further comprises the step E: after the pressing block, a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve is used for sealing.
In the preparation method of the non-grain ecological feed, in the step D, the enzymolysis temperature is 25-32 ℃ and the enzymolysis time is 15-40 days.
The invention further provides a feeding method of the non-grain ecological feed, wherein the non-grain ecological feed is used for feeding monogastric animals or ruminants; wherein, the non-grain ecological feed can be directly fed to monogastric animals or matched with other grain feeds for feeding; the non-grain ecological feed and the coarse feed are matched to feed ruminants.
The non-grain ecological feed and the preparation method and feeding method thereof have the following beneficial effects: the non-grain ecological feed disclosed by the invention is prepared by utilizing complex enzyme systems and microorganisms to act on straw and food industry residues, converting the straw and the food industry residues into glucose and a part of oligosaccharides, amino acids, small peptides, inositol, nucleic acids, and utilizing mineral substances, trace elements, vitamins and other nutrient substances in the straw and the food industry residues for monogastric animals; moreover, the digestive function of the monogastric animal can be enhanced by adding the Chinese herbal medicines, the immune function of the monogastric animal can be improved, and the occurrence of diseases can be reduced; the deficiency of exogenous enzymes in the digestive tract of the monogastric animals is supplemented through a complex enzyme system, the residual quantity of protein and phytic acid in excrement is reduced, the odor is reduced, and the pig house environment is improved, so that the medicine and treatment cost is obviously reduced; 17 natural amino acids, multiple vitamins, minerals and the like in the feed can be supplemented by adding mulberry leaves, and the feed has the functions of resisting stress, resisting aging, enhancing the physical endurance, regulating epinephrine and the like, so that the disease resistance of monogastric animals is enhanced; the astragalus root is added to enhance the digestion function of the monogastric animal, so that the metabolism of organism substances of the monogastric animal is quickened, the organism of the animal is robust in the breeding process, the digestion function is enhanced, the parent birth rate and the survival rate of the young body can be improved, and the breeding cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the non-grain ecological feed of the invention.
Detailed Description
The non-grain ecological feed and the preparation method and feeding method thereof are further described below with reference to examples:
the invention prepares and mixes the effective components of corn straw, jerusalem artichoke processing residue, carrot processing residue, mulberry leaf, astragalus root, papain, phytase, cellobiase, glucanase, xylanase, pectinase, fungal amylase, beer yeast, aspergillus niger, trichoderma reesei and geotrichum candidum according to the mass ratio to obtain an initial material, conveys the initial material into a mixing tank by an auger conveyor to mix, adds water into the mixing tank to ensure that the water content of the initial material is between 50% and 85%, more preferably ensures that the water content of the initial material is between 60% and 70%, conveys the initial material into a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting after stirring and mixing uniformly, seals the briquetting by using a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve, randomly samples and detects, further checks whether an outer package is damaged, seals the sealing, conveys the sealing to a warehouse with controllable temperature, carries out enzymolysis for 15 days to 40 days under the temperature of 25 ℃ to 32 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed, preferably carries out enzymolysis for 25 days to 35 days under the temperature of 28 ℃ to 32 ℃ and more preferably carries out enzymolysis for 30 days under the temperature of 28 ℃ to 30 days to obtain the ecological feed. In the existing fermentation technology, as the moisture content of the fermented material is continuously increased, the recovery rate of dry matters of the fermented feed is gradually reduced, so that the selection of proper water content has great influence on the fermentation result. In addition, the fermentation temperature is also another important factor influencing the fermentation result, for example, when the soybean meal is subjected to solid state fermentation by utilizing the compound bacteria, the lactic acid content in the fermented soybean meal sample is highest and the soybean protein hydrolysis degree is highest when the temperature is 40 ℃; when the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the phenomenon of 'buckling' appears, and the color of the soybean meal sample is brown. It can be seen that the selection of a suitable fermentation temperature is extremely important for the quality of the final obtained non-grain ecological feed. Further, the fermentation time is also important, for example, when the rapeseed meal is fermented by a mixed strain, the 24 th to 48 th fermentation period is the most active period of the mixed strain fermentation activity, and after that, the trend of reducing the content of the anti-nutritional factors such as the thioglycoside, the tannin and the like gradually tends to be slow.
The Jerusalem artichoke processing residues and carrot processing residues are residues obtained after the Jerusalem artichoke juice and the carrot juice are respectively extracted, and the process comprises the following steps: cleaning, pulping, plate-frame filter pressing and residue. By utilizing the jerusalem artichoke processing residues and the carrot processing residues, the problems that the corn straws and the jerusalem artichoke straws are burnt to cause environmental pollution, the jerusalem artichoke processing residues and the carrot processing residues are discarded to cause huge waste of biological resources, and the corn straws, the jerusalem artichoke processing residues and the carrot processing residues are difficult to absorb as direct feed of monogastric animals are solved.
And water is added into the initial materials in the mixing tank so as to control the water content range of the initial materials, so that the interaction between the initial materials is facilitated, and especially the interaction between bacteria and enzymes is facilitated, and the non-grain ecological feed with a better effect is obtained.
The water added into the mixing tank can be common clear water or waste water of a food processing plant, and the waste water of the food processing plant is preferably used, so that the purposes of reducing water pollution and saving cost can be achieved; the mode of adding water can be directly put into the mixing tank, but more preferably, the mode of spraying the water is added into the mixing tank, so that the purpose of uniformly dispersing the water to the initial materials is achieved, the initial materials are easier to uniformly mix, the mixing time is shortened, and the efficiency is improved.
It should be noted that the hydraulic briquette can facilitate enzymolysis of the initial material, and is helpful for forming a subsequent anaerobic environment. The purpose of bagging and sealing by using a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve after briquetting is to realize anaerobic conditions in the enzymolysis process, carbon dioxide generated during enzymolysis can be discharged from the one-way ventilation valve, and other gases cannot enter the plastic bag with the briquetting. Naturally, the anaerobic conditions are not limited to this, and a special anaerobic reactor, anaerobic bacteria, or the like may be used.
The non-grain ecological feed can be directly fed to monogastric animals or matched with other grain feeds for feeding, and ruminants need to be matched with coarse feed for feeding. The non-grain ecological feed prepared by feeding the invention can completely replace grain feed in the single-stomach animal feeding process, obviously enhance the birth rate of the parent and the survival rate of the young body, and reduce the morbidity of animals; the non-grain ecological feed is added into the ruminant feed, the digestion utilization rate of animals is obviously improved by 20-25%, the birth rate of sows is improved by 3-8%, the survival rate of piglets is improved by 4-8%, the total amino acid content of pork of fattening pigs reaches 22-25%, the glutamic acid content is up to 4.2%, and the non-grain ecological feed is used for feeding laying hens, and the cholesterol content of eggs is 251 mg in 100 g and is one half of that of common eggs, so that the non-grain ecological feed fed to animals not only saves grains, but also solves the food safety problem.
According to the non-grain ecological feed, residues and part of Chinese herbal medicines after straw and food processing are converted into glucose and part of oligosaccharides, amino acids, small peptides, inositol and nucleic acids through various enzyme preparations and microbial inoculum, and mineral substances, trace elements, vitamins and other nutrient substances in the residues are used for monogastric animals, so that the feed not only replaces grains, but also has rich apple flavor and delicate flavor, is good in palatability, enhances the immunity of animals, reduces the incidence rate and greatly reduces the cultivation cost; reducing the residual quantity of protein and phytic acid in excrement, reducing odor and improving the feeding environment.
The various active components are analyzed in principle with the following several remarkable characteristics:
(1) Corn stalk and jerusalem artichoke stalk are degraded into glucose, partial oligosaccharide and dietary fiber under the combined action of enzyme preparation and thalli, and release a large amount of minerals and vitamins, so that sufficient energy and nutrition are improved for animal growth. And the raw materials are proportioned without independently providing minerals and vitamins, so that the raw materials and the cost are saved, and the principle of green environmental protection and saving is met.
(2) The residue after the Jerusalem artichoke and carrot processing is degraded into a part of glucose, oligosaccharide and nucleic acid by the combined action of an enzyme preparation and thalli, and a large amount of mineral substances, a large amount of vitamins and other nutrient substances are released.
(3) The protease and phytase can convert the residues of straw and food processing, protein and phytic acid in mulberry leaves and astragalus roots into amino acid, small peptide, inositol and the like which can be utilized by monogastric animals, and the nutrition is improved for the growth of beer yeast and other thalli.
(4) The proper amount of cellobiase, glucanase, xylanase and pectinase can convert straw fiber into glucose and a part of oligosaccharide, and can be used as an energy source of monogastric animal feed.
(5) The moderate geotrichum candidum not only can promote the transformation of waste water in food processing, but also can increase the fragrance of non-grain feed, has intense apple fragrance, and thus the feed has better palatability; the nucleic acid released by geotrichum candidum can enhance the immunity of animals.
(6) And an appropriate amount of amylase can convert the straws, food processing residues, the starch in the mulberry leaves and the astragalus into sugar and provide a carbon source for the growth of thalli.
(7) The proper amount of beer yeast can be used as mycoprotein for monogastric animals through propagation, can inhibit the growth of external and harmful bacteria in the digestive tract of pigs, is favorable for mineral absorption, but contains abundant vitamin B, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, sodium and the like besides protein.
(8) A proper amount of aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei can generate a large amount of enzymes through thallus growth, so that the enzyme system is richer, and the degradation and utilization of materials such as straw and the like are promoted.
(9) Proper amount of mulberry leaves not only can provide high-quality protein for non-grain feed, but also can enhance disease resistance of animals. The mulberry leaves can provide high-quality protein for non-grain feed to enhance disease resistance of animals, and meanwhile, protease and phytase can be utilized to convert the mulberry leaves into amino acids, small peptides and mono-inositol which are digestible by monogastric animals, and other enzymes for conversion of the mulberry leaves are not needed to be additionally added. The components are simple, and the raw materials and the cost are reduced.
(10) The astragalus has the effects of accelerating metabolism of organism substances and promoting growth and development of animals.
The following is a description of various embodiments.
Example 1:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing corn straw 500Kg, jerusalem artichoke straw 150Kg, jerusalem artichoke processing residue 75Kg, carrot processing residue 75Kg, mulberry leaf 80Kg, astragalus root 15Kg, papain 2Kg, phytase 2Kg, cellobiase 80Kg, glucanase 15Kg, xylanase 3Kg, pectinase 0.2Kg, fungal amylase 0.2Kg, beer yeast 1Kg, aspergillus niger 0.3Kg, trichoderma reesei 1Kg and geotrichum candidum 0.3Kg into an initial material by mass, conveying the initial material into a mixing tank by a screw conveyor for mixing, spraying a part of waste water of a food processing factory in the mixing tank, enabling the water content of the initial material to be 60%, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the initial material into a hydraulic briquetting machine for briquetting, sealing by a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly detecting, conveying the initial material into a warehouse feed with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 30 days at 30 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
Example 2:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing raw materials of 800Kg of corn straw, 10Kg of jerusalem artichoke straw, 5Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 200Kg of carrot processing residues, 5Kg of mulberry leaves, 150Kg of astragalus roots, 0.2Kg of papain, 50Kg of phytase, 5Kg of cellobiase, 1Kg of glucanase, 50Kg of xylanase, 0.01Kg of pectinase, 3Kg of fungal amylase, 0.1Kg of beer yeast, 5Kg of aspergillus niger, 0.05Kg of trichoderma reesei and 0.01Kg of geotrichum candidum, conveying the raw materials into a mixing tank by using a screw conveyer to mix, directly pouring ordinary clear water into the mixing tank, enabling the water content of the raw materials to be 85%, uniformly stirring and conveying the raw materials into a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting, randomly sampling and detecting after briquetting, and carrying out enzymolysis in an anaerobic reactor for 40 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the non-grain ecological feed.
Example 3:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing raw materials of 400Kg of corn straw, 250Kg of jerusalem artichoke straw, 200Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 5Kg of carrot processing residues, 200Kg of mulberry leaves, 1Kg of astragalus membranaceus, 50Kg of papain, 0.2Kg of phytase, 200Kg of cellobiase, 150Kg of glucanase, 0.2Kg of xylanase, 3Kg of pectinase, 0.01Kg of fungal amylase, 30Kg of brewer's yeast, 0.02Kg of Aspergillus niger, 10Kg of trichoderma reesei and 3Kg of geotrichum candidum, conveying the raw materials to a mixing tank by using a screw conveyer to mix, spraying a part of waste water of a food processing factory in the mixing tank, enabling the water content of the raw materials to be 50%, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the raw materials to a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting, sealing by using a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve, sampling, detecting, transferring the raw materials to a warehouse feed with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 15 days at 32 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
Example 4:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing 700Kg of corn straw, 50Kg of jerusalem artichoke straw, 20Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 150Kg of carrot processing residues, 20Kg of mulberry leaves, 5Kg of astragalus membranaceus, 1Kg of papain, 1Kg of phytase, 20Kg of cellobiase, 80Kg of glucanase, 1Kg of xylanase, 0.05Kg of pectinase, 1Kg of fungal amylase, 0.5Kg of beer yeast, 1Kg of aspergillus niger, 0.2Kg of trichoderma reesei and 0.05Kg of geotrichum candidum, conveying the initial materials into a mixing tank by using a screw conveyer to mix, spraying a part of waste water of a food processing factory in the mixing tank, enabling the water content of the initial materials to be 80%, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the materials into a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting, sealing by using a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly detecting, conveying the materials to a warehouse feed with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 35 days at 28 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecology.
Example 5:
450Kg of corn stalk, 200Kg of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 150Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 20Kg of carrot processing residues, 150Kg of mulberry leaves, 80Kg of astragalus roots, 15Kg of papain, 15Kg of phytase, 150Kg of cellobiase, 5Kg of glucanase, 20Kg of xylanase, 1Kg of pectinase, 0.05Kg of fungal amylase, 10Kg of beer yeast, 0.1Kg of Aspergillus niger, 5Kg of trichoderma reesei and 1Kg of geotrichum candidum are prepared into an initial material by the following mass, the initial material is conveyed into a mixing tank by a screw conveyer to be mixed, a part of waste water of a food processing factory is sprayed in the mixing tank, the water content of the initial material is 55 percent, the initial material is conveyed into a hydraulic briquetting machine to be briquetted after being stirred and mixed uniformly, a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve is used for sealing, random detection is carried out, the initial material is conveyed into a warehouse with controllable temperature, and non-grain ecological feed is obtained after enzymolysis for 25 days under the condition of 32 ℃.
Example 6:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing 600Kg of corn straw, 120Kg of jerusalem artichoke straw, 100Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 50Kg of carrot processing residues, 90Kg of mulberry leaves, 20Kg of astragalus membranaceus, 5Kg of papain, 4Kg of phytase, 50Kg of cellobiase, 10Kg of glucanase, 3.5Kg of xylanase, 0.3Kg of pectinase, 0.1Kg of fungal amylase, 1.5Kg of brewer's yeast, 0.35Kg of Aspergillus niger, 0.7Kg of trichoderma reesei and 0.1Kg of geotrichum candidum, conveying the initial materials into a mixing tank by using an auger conveyor to mix, spraying ordinary clear water into the mixing tank to enable the water content of the initial materials to be 70 percent, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the materials into a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting, sealing by using a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly sampling and detecting, conveying the materials to a storehouse feed with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 28 days at 30 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
Example 7:
the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing corn straw 540Kg, jerusalem artichoke straw 100Kg, jerusalem artichoke processing residues 70Kg, carrot processing residues 100Kg, mulberry leaves 50Kg, astragalus mongholicus 30Kg, papain 4Kg, phytase 5Kg, cellobiase 75Kg, glucanase 30Kg, xylanase 5Kg, pectinase 0.25Kg, fungal amylase 0.15Kg, beer yeast 3Kg, aspergillus niger 0.2Kg, trichoderma reesei 0.5Kg and geotrichum candidum 0.2Kg into a raw material tank by using a screw conveyer to mix, spraying ordinary clear water into the raw material tank to enable the water content of the raw material to be 65%, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the raw material to a hydraulic briquetting machine to carry out briquetting, sealing by using a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly sampling and detecting, conveying the raw material to a warehouse with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 30 days at 30 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
Example 8:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing 560Kg corn straw, 140Kg jerusalem artichoke straw, 50Kg jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 80Kg carrot processing residues, 100Kg mulberry leaves, 10Kg astragalus roots, 3Kg papain, 3Kg phytase, 100Kg cellobiase, 20Kg glucanase, 2Kg xylanase, 0.1Kg pectinase, 0.3Kg fungal amylase, 2Kg beer yeast, 0.5Kg Aspergillus niger, 0.8Kg trichoderma reesei and 0.25Kg geotrichum candidum into a mixing tank by using a screw conveyer, mixing, spraying ordinary clear water into the mixing tank, enabling the water content of the initial material to be 68%, stirring and mixing uniformly, conveying the mixture to a hydraulic briquetting machine for briquetting, sealing by using a plastic bag with a one-way ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly sampling and detecting, conveying the mixture to a warehouse with controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 30 days at 28 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
Example 9:
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing 580Kg of corn straw, 130Kg of jerusalem artichoke straw, 90Kg of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 60Kg of carrot processing residues, 70Kg of mulberry leaves, 18Kg of astragalus membranaceus, 3.5Kg of papain, 3.5Kg of phytase, 78Kg of cellobiase, 25Kg of glucanase, 4Kg of xylanase, 0.22Kg of pectinase, 0.18Kg of fungal amylase, 1.8Kg of brewer's yeast, 0.4Kg of aspergillus niger, 0.75Kg of trichoderma reesei and 0.23Kg of geotrichum candidum into a mixing tank by using a packing auger conveyor, mixing, spraying common clear water into the mixing tank to enable the water content of the initial material to be 68%, uniformly stirring and mixing, conveying the mixture to a hydraulic briquetting machine for briquetting, sealing a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve after briquetting, randomly sampling and detecting, conveying the material to a warehouse with a controllable temperature, and carrying out enzymolysis for 30 days at 32 ℃ to obtain non-grain ecological feed.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a non-grain ecological feed, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. Combining the effective components of the non-grain ecological feed according to the mass ratio to obtain an initial material; the non-grain ecological feed comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 40-80 parts of corn stalk, 1-25 parts of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 0.5-20 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residue, 0.5-20 parts of carrot processing residue, 0.5-20 parts of mulberry leaf, 0.1-15 parts of astragalus root, 0.02-5 parts of papain, 0.02-5 parts of phytase, 0.5-20 parts of cellobiase, 0.1-15 parts of glucanase, 0.02-5 parts of xylanase, 0.001-0.3 parts of pectase, 0.001-0.3 parts of fungal amylase, 0.01-3 parts of beer yeast, 0.002-0.5 parts of aspergillus niger, 0.005-1 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.001-0.3 parts of geotrichum candidum;
B. Adding water into the initial material, and stirring and mixing uniformly; wherein the water content of the initial material after water is added is 50% -85%;
C. Briquetting by using a hydraulic briquetting machine;
D. performing enzymolysis under anaerobic conditions; wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 25-32 ℃ and the enzymolysis time is 15-40 days.
2. The method for preparing non-food ecological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that in step B, the water added in the initial material is waste water of a food processing plant.
3. The method for preparing non-grain ecological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises, between steps C and D, step E: after the pressing block, a plastic bag with a unidirectional ventilation valve is used for sealing.
4. The non-grain ecological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-grain ecological feed comprises the following active components in mass ratio: 45-70 parts of corn straw, 5-20 parts of jerusalem artichoke straw, 2-15 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residues, 2-15 parts of carrot processing residues, 2-15 parts of mulberry leaves, 0.5-8 parts of astragalus mongholicus, 0.1-1.5 parts of papain, 0.1-1.5 parts of phytase, 2-15 parts of cellobiase, 0.5-8 parts of glucanase, 0.1-2 parts of xylanase, 0.005-0.1 part of pectase, 0.005-0.1 part of fungal amylase, 0.05-1 part of brewer's yeast, 0.01-0.1 part of aspergillus niger, 0.02-0.5 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.005-0.1 part of geotrichumus.
5. The non-grain ecological feed according to claim 4, wherein the non-grain ecological feed comprises the following active components in mass ratio: 50-60 parts of corn stalk, 10-15 parts of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 5-10 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residue, 5-10 parts of carrot processing residue, 5-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 1-3 parts of astragalus root, 0.2-0.5 part of papain, 0.2-0.5 part of phytase, 5-10 parts of cellobiase, 1-3 parts of glucanase, 0.2-0.5 part of xylanase, 0.01-0.03 part of pectase, 0.01-0.03 part of fungal amylase, 0.1-0.3 part of beer yeast, 0.02-0.05 part of aspergillus niger, 0.05-0.1 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.01-0.03 part of geotrichum candidum.
6. The non-grain ecological feed according to claim 5, comprising the following active components in mass ratio: 54-58 parts of corn stalk, 12-14 parts of jerusalem artichoke stalk, 7-9 parts of jerusalem artichoke processing residue, 6-8 parts of carrot processing residue, 7-9 parts of mulberry leaf, 1.5-2 parts of astragalus root, 0.3-0.4 part of papain, 0.3-0.4 part of phytase, 7.5-8 parts of cellobiase, 1.5-2.5 parts of glucanase, 0.3-0.4 part of xylanase, 0.02-0.025 part of pectase, 0.015-0.02 part of fungal amylase, 0.15-0.2 part of beer yeast, 0.03-0.04 part of aspergillus niger, 0.07-0.08 part of trichoderma reesei and 0.02-0.025 part of geotrichum candidum.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106721613A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2017-05-31 | 定远县佩璋生态园有限公司 | A kind of easy to digest and somatotrophic lobster ecological feed |
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| WO2024044070A1 (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-02-29 | Further Foods, Inc. | Freeze dried animal food compositions and methods of making and using |
| CN118078929B (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-07-26 | 潍坊宇洋药业有限公司 | Livestock traditional Chinese veterinary medicine additive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1061891A (en) * | 1990-12-08 | 1992-06-17 | 四川省自然资源研究所 | Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed |
| CN1245091C (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2006-03-15 | 味之素株式会社 | Forages for livestocks |
| ATE534303T1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2011-12-15 | Univ Aarhus | METHOD FOR IMPROVING MEAT QUALITY, ANIMAL HEALTH STATUS AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE |
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| CN103932286B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-02-10 | 沈阳师范大学 | A kind of walnut antioxidation polypeptide chewable tablets and preparation method thereof |
| CN104543464A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 唐华烨 | Compound biological feed and preparation method thereof |
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2016
- 2016-01-28 CN CN201610057644.3A patent/CN105994977A/en active Pending
- 2016-01-28 CN CN202410114588.7A patent/CN118000288A/en active Pending
- 2016-02-01 WO PCT/CN2016/073049 patent/WO2017128448A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN105994977A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| US10653166B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| WO2017128448A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
| US20180332871A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
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