CN117985186B - Loose type deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and recovery method - Google Patents
Loose type deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117985186B CN117985186B CN202410396193.0A CN202410396193A CN117985186B CN 117985186 B CN117985186 B CN 117985186B CN 202410396193 A CN202410396193 A CN 202410396193A CN 117985186 B CN117985186 B CN 117985186B
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- anchor
- releaser
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring equipment, in particular to a loose deep-sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and a recovery method. By utilizing the characteristic that the length of an anchor rope is larger than the water depth in a loose deep sea anchor system, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, the counterweight is discarded by the action of the remote control releaser, the lower end of the observation section can float out of the water surface under the drive of the first floating ball, and the anchor system below the observation section is cut off and discarded, so that the recovery of the anchor system of the observation section and the buoy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring equipment, in particular to a loose type deep-sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and a recovery method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In marine research, marine production and engineering applications, long-term, fixed-point, real-time vertical profile measurements of sea water parameters (such as temperature, salinity, depth, flow rate, etc.) at specific sea areas and depths are required. At present, a ship is used for carrying a buoy, the buoy is arranged in a specific sea area, and underwater equipment and sensors are carried by a cable at the bottom of the buoy to realize vertical profile measurement.
Due to the communication cost between deep open sea and land, the data acquired by each underwater device and the sensor needs to be recovered for subsequent research, engineering application and other scenes. Taking an anchoring buoy as shown in fig. 1 as an example, the buoy body is located on the sea surface and is matched with an anchor located on the sea bottom to enable a cable to be in a tight state, so that an observation section of the cable for carrying underwater equipment and a sensor is ensured to be in a vertical state, an acoustic releaser and a floating ball (commonly used glass floating ball) are connected in series in the cable, the connection between the cable and the anchor is disconnected when the acoustic releaser acts, the glass floating ball drives the cable to float up to the sea surface, the ship can utilize the cable driven by the floating ball to realize recovery of the underwater equipment and the sensor after determining the position of the floating ball, and the anchor is discarded on the sea bottom.
In this structure, the acoustic releaser is connected in series in the cable, so that extremely high tensile force needs to be borne and extremely high breaking force needs to be provided, and in some buoys (such as buoys with diameters exceeding 10 m) with high laying depth, high anchor line stress and long cable length, the strength and the breaking force provided by the existing acoustic releaser are insufficient to help recovery of underwater equipment and sensors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background technology, the invention provides a loose deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and a recovery method, wherein the characteristics that the length of an anchor rope is larger than the water depth in the loose deep sea anchor system are utilized, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, a remote control releaser acts to discard a counterweight, the lower end of an observation section can be floated out of the water under the drive of a first floating ball, and the anchor rope below the observation section is cut off and discarded together with an anchor, so that the recovery of the anchor system and the buoy of the observation section can be realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The first aspect of the invention provides a loose deep sea heavy-duty buoy anchoring system, which comprises a buoy body, wherein the lower bottom surface of the buoy body is connected with a cable, an observation section of the cable is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the observation section is respectively connected with a first floating ball and a releaser, the releaser is connected with a counterweight, the first floating ball, the releaser and the counterweight do not break the continuity of the connection of the observation section and the subsequent cable, the subsequent cable is connected with a second floating ball, and the tail end of the cable is connected with an anchor, so that the cable is S-shaped.
Further, one end of the cable is connected to the lower bottom surface of the buoy body, and the other end of the cable is connected with the anchor.
Further, the observation section is provided with underwater equipment.
Further, the buoyancy provided by the first floating ball is used for driving the observation section of the cable to float out of the water after the counterweight is released.
Further, the buoyancy provided by the first floating ball is larger than the sum of the weight of the cable between the bottom end of the observation section and the second floating ball, the anchor cable of the observation section, the underwater equipment, the releaser and the releaser.
Further, the gravity provided by the counterweight is used for balancing the sum of the buoyancy provided by the first floating ball and the buoy body, so that the observation section is ensured to be maintained in the vertical direction.
Further, the releaser is in communication connection with the remote controller, receives signals sent by the remote controller and executes actions, so that the counterweight is disconnected with the bottom end of the cable observing section, and the counterweight is released.
Further, the cable length is greater than the water depth except for the observation section.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for recovering the anchor system of the loose type deep sea heavy-duty buoy, which comprises the following steps:
according to the position of the buoy body reaching the recovery area, sending a signal to enable the releaser to act;
the releaser acts to disconnect the balance weight from the bottom end of the cable observing section, the balance weight is released, and the first floating ball drives the bottom end of the observing section to float up to the water surface;
according to the recovery requirement, the underwater equipment and the buoy carried on the observation section are recovered, and the cable below the observation section is disconnected with the anchor and discarded.
Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
By utilizing the characteristic that the length of an anchor mooring rope is larger than the water depth in a loose type deep sea anchor system, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, the counterweight is discarded through the action of the remote control releaser, the lower end of the observation section can float out of the water surface under the drive of the first floating ball, the anchor mooring rope below the observation section is cut off and discarded together with the anchor, the recovery of the anchor system and the buoy of the observation section can be realized, the releaser is not connected in series into a cable but connected between the bottom end of the observation section and the counterweight in series, the strength requirement of the releaser can be greatly reduced, the high arrangement depth can be met only by providing small breaking force by the releaser, the anchor system is stressed greatly, and the longer and larger anchor buoy recovery requirement of the cable can be met.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prior art taut buoy mooring configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a prior art slack buoy mooring configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a relaxed buoy mooring configuration provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 buoy body, 2 instrument cabins, 3 observation sections, 4 cables, 5 glass floating balls, 51 first floating balls, 52 second floating balls, 6 releasers, 7 damping steel cables, 8 anchors and 9 counterweights.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
As described in the background art, in a tight buoy anchoring structure as shown in fig. 1, a buoy body 1 floats on the sea surface, an inner instrument cabin 2 is loaded with components such as a battery, and the like, the lower bottom surface of the instrument cabin 2 is connected with an anchor 8 through a cable 4, and the cable 4 is carried with required underwater equipment and sensors to form an observation section 3, so that the observation section 3 is in a vertical state, the cable 4 is straightened through gravity provided by the anchor 8 and buoyancy provided by the buoy body 1, a glass floating ball 5 is carried on the cable 4, and a releaser 6 (usually an acoustic releaser), a damping steel cable 7 and the anchor 8 are sequentially arranged below the glass floating ball 5. When the releaser 6 acts, the connection between the cable 4 and the anchor 8 is disconnected, the disconnected cable head is driven by the glass floating ball 5 to float up to the sea surface, after a worker rides a ship to determine the position of the glass floating ball 5, the recovery buoy, underwater equipment on the cable 4 and the sensor are recovered, and the anchor 8 at the sea bottom is abandoned and is permanently lost at the sea bottom.
The breaking force refers to a force capable of breaking the structure, and the device structure is broken and broken when reaching or exceeding the force.
Maximum release load: when the load is not more than the maximum release load, the releaser can smoothly break the anchor system and release the load, so as to express the release capacity of the releaser, and the release capacity is not changed due to the change of the tension of the anchor system. The breaking force of the release is greater than the "maximum release load".
When the tension (tensioning degree) of the anchor system is larger than the maximum release load, the releaser cannot ensure that the anchor system is smoothly disconnected, and the load is released; when the tension of the anchor system is larger than the breaking force of the releaser, the releaser is broken, the anchor system is pulled off at the position of the releaser in a traditional serial mode, the anchor system loses the anchoring capacity, and the buoy floats away.
In the above-described construction, since the acoustic release is connected in series in the anchor system constituted by the buoy, the cable and the anchor, it is necessary that the acoustic release has sufficient strength to at least pull down the breaking capacity of the entire anchor system cable. As the demand for equipment is increased, the buoy diameter is increased to provide more space and buoyancy, and correspondingly the anchor load is increased, the acoustic release is subjected to extremely high tensile force, and extremely high breaking force is also required to be provided.
For example, when a buoy with a diameter of 10m is deployed in a deep sea with a water depth of more than 3500 m, with this anchor structure, the breaking force requirement of the cable exceeds 100t, whereas the breaking force index of the existing acoustic releasers, such as the 8242XS type releaser of ORE, is not less than 9t, the maximum release load is 3.63t, and it is difficult to meet this strength requirement compared with the requirement of 100 t.
The cable is only used for explaining the structure, and is not limited to a specific structure type and materials, different structure types and materials can be selected according to the water depth and strength requirements in practical application, for example, a traditional shallow sea buoy anchor system can be a full-chain type anchor system, namely, the whole anchor system is a steel anchor chain, but when the water depth is greater than a certain value, the anchor chain is too long and too heavy, the buoyancy of the buoy is insufficient to pull up as much anchor chain, the cable is not wear-resistant, and a plurality of floating balls are added to prevent the redundant cable from falling to the sea bottom.
Some prior art use a loose deep sea mooring buoy, i.e. the total length of the buoy mooring cable is greater than the water depth, and the buoy mooring assumes a loose state when the sea is calm. In order to prevent lengthy buoy cables (ropes) from falling into the sea floor to rub against sediment, as shown in fig. 2, a floating ball 5 is usually arranged at the middle position of the anchor system, meanwhile, in order to keep the observation section 3 as vertical as possible, a counterweight 9 is added at the lower end of the observation section 3, and finally, the combined action of the counterweight 9 and the floating ball 5 makes the anchor system to be in an S shape, and the anchor system of the structure still realizes recovery through the series-connected releaser 6, but the advantage is that the tensile force born by the releaser 6 is lower compared with the tight anchor system buoy shown in fig. 1, so that the floating ball anchor system can cope with some buoy anchor systems with larger water depths and higher strength requirements of the releaser, but according to related calculation, the rupture force requirement of 100t proposed by the embodiment is still difficult to meet.
Thus, the following embodiment presents a loose deep sea buoy heavy-duty mooring system in which a first float 51 is arranged below the observation section of the cable 4, a release 6 connected to the counterweight 9 is arranged below the first float 51, a second float 52 is arranged in the direction of the cable 4, and the first float 51, the release 6 and the counterweight 9 do not interrupt the continuity of the connection of the observation section 3 to the subsequent cable 4. By utilizing the characteristic that the length of an anchor rope is larger than the water depth in the loose deep sea anchor system, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, the counterweight 9 is discarded by the action of the remote control releaser 6, the lower end of the observation section 3 can be floated on the water surface under the drive of the first floating ball 51, and the anchor system below the observation section 3 is cut off and discarded, so that the recovery of the anchor system and the buoy of the observation section 3 can be realized.
It should be noted that the "shallow sea" and "deep sea" appearing in this embodiment are relative concepts, and there is no explicit standard in the art to define specific depths of "shallow sea" and "deep sea". Similarly, "heavy load" is also a relative concept, meaning that the entire buoy anchor forms a structure that is a larger anchor with greater force, deeper water depth, and thicker cable.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 3, the objective of this embodiment is to provide a loose type deep sea heavy-duty buoy anchor system, which comprises a cable 4 connected to the bottom surface of a buoy body, wherein an observation section 3 of the cable 4 is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the observation section 3 is respectively connected with a first floating ball 51 and a release 6, the release 6 is connected with a counterweight 9, the first floating ball 51, the release 6 and the counterweight 9 do not interrupt the continuity of connection between the observation section 3 and the subsequent cable 4, a second floating ball 52 is connected to the subsequent cable 4, and the tail end of the cable 4 is connected with an anchor, so that the cable 4 is S-shaped.
The buoy body is provided with an instrument cabin 2, observation equipment is accommodated in the instrument cabin 2, one end of a cable 4 is connected to the lower bottom surface of the instrument cabin 2, and the other end of the cable is connected with an anchor 8.
The anchor 8 is not limited to a specific type of construction and may be an anchor block or a grab anchor.
The observation section 3 is provided with underwater equipment.
The buoyancy provided by the first float ball 51 is used for driving the observation section 3 of the cable 4 to float out of the water after the counterweight 9 is released. In this embodiment, the reserve buoyancy of this portion of the floating ball is greater than the total weight (in-water portion) of the cable 4 between the observation section 3 anchor line, the underwater equipment, the release 6, and the bottom end of the observation section 3 to the second floating ball 52.
The weight 9 provides gravity for balancing the sum of the buoyancy provided by the first float 51 and the float body, ensuring that the observation section 3 is maintained in a vertical direction. In this embodiment, the weight 9 is the sum of the weight of the cable 4 and the existing weight between the bottom end of the observation section 3 and the second floating ball 52, and the weight of the anchor cable, the underwater equipment, the release 6 and the observation section 3. For example, a 10m anchor, a 150t break anchor design is used, and this weight is approximately 0.5 t.
When the anchor system needs to be recovered, the releaser 6 uses a remote control mode to act, the counterweight 9 is discarded, the weight on the anchor system is lightened, and the first floating ball 51 is matched, so that the anchor system at the lower end of the observation section floats upwards. Depending on the size of the counterweight, the present embodiment selects an acoustic releaser that is capable of achieving a release capacity of 0.5 t.
In order to meet the recycling requirement of the observation section, the lengths of the cables except the observation section are larger than the water depth, and the observation section is guaranteed to be pulled to the ship from the water.
It should be noted that the floating ball, the counterweight and the releaser are mature products, in this embodiment, the installation position of the three and the corresponding weight/buoyancy matching mode are changed, so that the anchor system and the buoy are recovered by utilizing the characteristic that the length of the anchor system cable is larger than the water depth in the existing loose deep sea anchor system, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, the counterweight is discarded by the action of the remote control releaser, the lower end of the observation section can be floated out of the water to realize the recovery under the driving of the first floating ball, and the anchor system cable below the observation section is cut off and discarded, so that the recovery of the anchor system and the buoy of the observation section can be realized.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment provides a corresponding recovery method based on the loose deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system provided in the first embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
according to the position of the buoy body reaching the recovery area, sending a signal to enable the releaser to act;
the releaser acts to disconnect the balance weight from the bottom end of the cable observing section, the balance weight is released, and the first floating ball drives the bottom end of the observing section to float up to the water surface;
and (5) recovering the underwater equipment carried on the observation section, disconnecting the cables below the observation section according to the recovery requirement, and discarding the cables.
By utilizing the characteristic that the length of an anchor mooring rope is larger than the water depth in a loose type deep sea anchor system, when the anchor system needs to be recovered, the counterweight is discarded through the action of the remote control releaser, the lower end of the observation section can float out of the water surface under the drive of the first floating ball, the anchor mooring rope below the observation section is cut off and discarded together with the anchor, the recovery of the anchor system and the buoy of the observation section can be realized, the releaser is not connected in series into a cable but connected between the bottom end of the observation section and the counterweight in series, the strength requirement of the releaser can be greatly reduced, the high arrangement depth can be met only by providing small breaking force by the releaser, the anchor system is stressed greatly, and the longer and larger anchor buoy recovery requirement of the cable can be met.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The loose type deep sea buoy heavy load anchor system is characterized by comprising a buoy body, wherein the lower bottom surface of the buoy body is connected with a cable, an observation section of the cable is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the observation section is respectively connected with a first floating ball and a releaser, the releaser is connected with a counterweight, the first floating ball, the releaser and the counterweight do not break the continuity of the connection between the observation section and the subsequent cable, the subsequent cable is connected with a second floating ball, and the tail end of the cable is connected with an anchor, so that the cable is in an S shape;
the observation section is provided with underwater equipment;
The buoyancy provided by the first floating ball is larger than the sum of the weight of the cable between the bottom end of the observation section and the second floating ball, the anchor cable of the observation section, the underwater equipment, the releaser and the releaser.
2. A slack deep sea buoy heavy load anchor according to claim 1, wherein one end of the cable is connected to the lower bottom surface of the buoy body.
3. A slack deepwater buoy heavy anchor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the other end of the cable is connected to the anchor.
4. A slack deep sea buoy heavy load anchor according to claim 1, wherein the first float provides buoyancy for driving the observation section of the cable out of the water after the counterweight is released.
5. A slack deep sea buoy heavy load anchor according to claim 1, wherein the weight provides gravity for balancing the sum of buoyancy provided by the first float and the buoy body to ensure that the observation section is maintained in a vertical orientation.
6. The slack deep sea buoy heavy load anchor system of claim 1, wherein the release is communicatively coupled to the remote control for receiving a signal from the remote control to perform an action to disconnect the weight from the bottom end of the cable observation section, thereby releasing the weight.
7. A slack deep sea buoy heavy load anchor according to claim 1, wherein the cable length is greater than the water depth except for the observation section.
8. A method for realizing recovery based on the loose deep sea buoy heavy load anchor system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
according to the position of the buoy body reaching the recovery area, sending a signal to enable the releaser to act;
the releaser acts to disconnect the balance weight from the bottom end of the cable observing section, the balance weight is released, and the first floating ball drives the bottom end of the observing section to float up to the water surface;
according to the recovery requirement, the underwater equipment and the buoy carried on the observation section are recovered, and the cable below the observation section is disconnected with the anchor and discarded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410396193.0A CN117985186B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Loose type deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and recovery method |
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| CN202410396193.0A CN117985186B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Loose type deep sea buoy heavy-load anchor system and recovery method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN209739283U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-06 | 武汉船舶通信研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二二研究所） | Anchoring device for deep sea buoy |
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| CN103806422B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of submarine leaked collection system |
| CN205916291U (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-02-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Recovery system is released under water to big load |
| CN107036494A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-08-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0研究所 | A kind of drill mine for simulating actual Controlled Mine Countermeasures training |
| CN109094739B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-06-20 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | R-shape anchor system and method suitable for hanging and recovering during buoy wharf test |
| CN109061720B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Submarine earthquake monitoring device and system based on submarine Internet of things |
| WO2022118056A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-09 | Totalenergies Onetech | Floating installation having a reduced excursion around a desired position |
| CN113306667B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2023-04-07 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Polar region anchorage subsurface buoy recovery method, system and application |
| CN117538098A (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-02-09 | 厦门蕲祥科技有限公司 | A large-volume water sample collection system and control method |
| CN117799767A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-02 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Deep sea elastic anchor buoy and working method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN209739283U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-06 | 武汉船舶通信研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二二研究所） | Anchoring device for deep sea buoy |
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