CN117929262A

CN117929262A - Component appearance detection device

Info

Publication number: CN117929262A
Application number: CN202311722249.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张泽; 臧春和; 谢尚策; 秦昆文
Original assignee: Photonic Integration Wenzhou Innovation Research Institute
Current assignee: Photonic Integration Wenzhou Innovation Research Institute
Priority date: 2023-12-14
Filing date: 2023-12-14
Publication date: 2024-04-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for detecting the appearance of a component, belongs to the technical field of device appearance detection, and can solve the problem that the imaging quality of the existing detection device is poor, so that the detection effect is affected. The device comprises: the transmission module comprises a base and a transmission belt arranged on the base; the detection platforms are arranged on the conveyor belt in a row and are used for bearing components to be detected; the transmission belt is used for driving the plurality of detection stations to move; the feeding module is arranged at one side of the feeding area of the transmission module and is used for providing components to be detected for the detection platform moving to the feeding area; the detection module is arranged on the base and used for carrying out six-face detection on components on the detection table. The invention is used for detecting the appearance of the component.

Description

Component appearance detection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an appearance detection device for components and belongs to the technical field of appearance detection for components.

Background

With the rapid development of modern manufacturing industry, various fields of the manufacturing industry have put higher and higher demands on the appearance quality of components. The device appearance defect detection equipment mainly detects defects such as pits, scratches, corrosion, defects and the like on the surface of the device through mechanical, electronic, optical imaging, image processing and other technical means, screens out qualified devices and ensures the quality and reliability of the devices.

At present, the appearance detection equipment of the components mainly shoots six sides of the components through a camera to finish detection. Specifically, the part to be detected is scattered on the glass ring through the feeding vibration disc, and the glass ring rotates around the center at a constant speed. The glass ring is transparent glass, and three cameras are distributed on the periphery of the glass ring and used for detecting the appearance of the left, right and front side three surfaces of the component. The inner ring of the glass ring is distributed with a camera for detecting the appearance of the rear surface of the component. A camera is distributed on the upper side of the vertical glass ring and used for detecting the upper surface of the component. A camera is distributed on the lower side of the glass for detecting the lower surface of the component.

However, the above-described device appearance inspection apparatus generally has the following problems: (1) The interference among stations is large, particularly the reflection influence is large, and the scratch detection on the surface of the component cannot be performed; (2) Components and parts scatter on the glass ring, and because of no positioning device, the direction of the to-be-detected piece is not fixed, the image of each station camera changes greatly, and accurate identification is difficult to achieve. (3) high camera requirements, particularly for rear-side cameras; because of the limited space inside the glass ring, a precision lens is required to accommodate. (4) difficult discharging; the discharging needs to use a gas rod to push out the part to be detected from the glass ring. During this process, the glass ring wears because it inevitably rubs against the glass surface. (5) Due to the circular ring motion, it is difficult for the left and right cameras to capture the proper position. Because the station camera needs sensor triggering when shooting, and a certain time error exists when the sensor triggering to the camera shooting, the camera is difficult to ensure to capture the surface of the detection piece at proper time, thereby influencing the detection effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a device for detecting the appearance of a component, which can solve the problem that the imaging quality of the existing detection device is poor, so that the detection effect is affected.

The invention provides a device for detecting the appearance of a component, which comprises:

The transmission module comprises a base and a transmission belt arranged on the base;

the detection tables are arranged on the conveyor belt in a row and are used for bearing components to be detected; the conveying belt is used for driving a plurality of detection tables to move;

the feeding module is arranged at one side of the feeding area of the transmission module and is used for providing components to be detected for the detection platform moving to the feeding area;

the detection module is arranged on the base and used for carrying out six-face detection on components on the detection table.

Optionally, the detection stage includes:

The bracket unit is arranged on the transmission belt;

the bearing unit is connected to the bracket unit and used for bearing the components to be detected, and the bearing surface of the bearing unit forms a preset included angle with the horizontal surface.

Optionally, the stand unit includes:

the angle regulator is arranged on the conveying belt;

and the supporting rod is connected to the angle adjuster, and the angle adjuster is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the supporting rod.

Optionally, the carrying unit includes:

The tray is connected to one end of the supporting rod far away from the angle adjuster; the inclination angle of the tray is consistent with the inclination angle of the supporting rod;

And the baffle is connected with one end of the tray, which is far away from the angle regulator, and is used for limiting components on the tray.

Optionally, the baffle includes a bottom wall and two side walls connected to opposite edges of the bottom wall; the included angle between the side wall and the bottom wall is an obtuse angle; the width of the bottom wall is matched with the size of the component.

Optionally, a trigger piece is arranged on each detection table; the detection module comprises:

The plurality of image acquisition pieces are uniformly distributed on the base and are used for acquiring six-face images of the components on the detection table;

a plurality of sensing elements disposed on the base; the sensing pieces are in one-to-one correspondence with the image acquisition pieces; the triggering piece is used for triggering the sensing piece so that the sensing piece can send acquisition control information to the image acquisition piece corresponding to the sensing piece.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes:

And the blanking module is arranged at one side of the blanking area of the transmission module and is used for classifying and recycling the components on the detection table moving to the blanking area.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes:

and the control module is connected with the detection module and the blanking module and is used for controlling the blanking module to classify and recycle the components according to the detection result of the detection module.

Optionally, the blanking module includes:

the classifying unit is arranged below the blanking area of the transmission module;

Three collecting hoppers arranged below the classifying units side by side and used for respectively collecting components with different detection results;

The control module is used for sending classification control information to the classification unit according to the detection result of the detection module so as to control the classification unit to classify the components on the detection table moving to the blanking area into corresponding collection hoppers.

Optionally, the classification unit includes:

The classification guide rail is arranged below the blanking area of the transmission module and is used for receiving components on the detection table moving to the blanking area;

And the driving motor is connected with the classifying guide rail and is used for driving the classifying guide rail to incline and rotate according to the classifying control information so that components on the classifying guide rail fall into the corresponding collecting hopper.

Optionally, the conveying belt is a chain plate conveying belt.

Optionally, the trigger piece is a magnet, and the sensor piece is a hall sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) According to the appearance detection device for the components, the plurality of detection tables are arranged in the row on the conveying belt, and the conveying belt is utilized to drive the detection tables to move, so that six-face detection is carried out on the components on the detection tables by the detection modules. The invention uses linear station arrangement, so that theoretically, the number of stations is not limited by space, and more than 6 stations can be used; compared with annular arrangement, the method has the advantages that deformation and distortion caused by untimely acquisition of camera images due to radian movement are avoided; meanwhile, because of the intervals among the stations, the relative annular structure can avoid imaging interference caused by mutual interference of the light supplementing lamps, and because of the more sufficient operation interval, the image acquisition parts (such as cameras) are placed with a larger degree of freedom, so that the requirements on focal length, minimum working distance and the like of the image acquisition parts are lower.

(2) According to the device for detecting the appearance of the component, provided by the invention, the component is borne by the transparent tray with the inclination angle, and six directions of detection can be carried out after the component is positioned. Because the self-positioning mode is adopted to position the components only once, and then all station operations are performed on the basis of the positioning, the positioning precision is very high, and the generation of identification errors caused by positioning errors is avoided when the image acquisition is performed, so that the imaging quality is ensured. And because the self-positioning operation is only carried out once in the feeding process, the non-deceleration operation can be carried out in the operation process, and the speed is extremely high.

(3) The appearance detection device for the components is simple in structure and easy to machine, so that the manufacturing cost of the whole device is low. Because no mechanical arm, cylinder and other automatic equipment are introduced, the energy consumption is low, the equipment abrasion cost is low, and the method is very suitable for detecting the defects of components with small cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for detecting the appearance of a component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission module, a detection table, and a detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tray and a baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of distribution of image capturing elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a blanking module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

List of parts and reference numerals:

10. A transmission module; 11. a base; 12. a transmission belt; 13. a metal plate chain; 20. a detection table; 21. an angle adjuster; 22. a support rod; 23. a tray; 24. a baffle; 241. a bottom wall; 242. a sidewall; 30. a feeding module; 40. a detection module; 41. a sensor member; 42. a trigger; 43. a support frame; 44. an image acquisition member; 50. a blanking module; 51. classifying the guide rails; 52. a driving motor; 53. a guide rail bracket; 54. a waste collection hopper; 55. a finished product collecting hopper; 56. unidentified collection hoppers; 60. and (5) a component.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides a device for detecting the appearance of a component, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, comprising:

a transmission module 10 including a base 11 and a transmission belt 12 provided on the base 11; in practice, the conveyor belt 12 may be a conveyor belt with a sheet metal chain 13 of a length of 2000mm or more.

The plurality of detection platforms 20 are arranged on the conveyor belt 12 in rows, and the detection platforms 20 are used for bearing components 60 to be detected; the conveyor belt 12 is used for driving the plurality of detection platforms 20 to move; specifically, the inspection station 20 is mounted on the sheet metal chain 13 of the conveyor belt 12.

The loading module 30 is disposed at one side of the loading area of the transmission module 10, and is configured to provide the components 60 to be detected to the detection platform 20 moving to the loading area. In practice, the loading module 30 may use a vibratory pan feed.

The detecting module 40 is disposed on the base 11, and is used for six-sided detection of the components 60 on the detecting table 20.

Further, the inspection station 20 includes:

a holder unit provided on the conveyor belt 12;

and the bearing unit is connected to the bracket unit and used for bearing the components 60 to be detected, and the bearing surface of the bearing unit forms a preset included angle with the horizontal plane.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the stand unit includes: an angle adjuster 21 provided on the conveyor belt 12; the support bar 22 is connected to the angle adjuster 21, and the angle adjuster 21 is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the support bar 22.

The carrying unit comprises: a tray 23 connected to one end of the support bar 22 away from the angle adjuster 21; the inclination angle of the tray 23 is identical to the inclination angle of the support bar 22; and the baffle 24 is connected to one end of the tray 23 far away from the angle regulator 21 and used for limiting the components 60 on the tray 23. Wherein the baffle 24 comprises a bottom wall 241 and two side walls 242 connected to opposite edges of the bottom wall 241; the included angle between the side wall 242 and the bottom wall 241 is an obtuse angle; the width of the bottom wall 241 is adapted to the dimensions of the component 60.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the angle adjuster 21 is installed on a metal link plate to adjust the inclination angle of the tray 23 up and down.

The support bar 22 is a sheet metal structure for supporting the tray 23.

The tray 23 is a colorless transparent acrylic plate, and is provided with a scratch-proof protective film; because the metal component 60 can rub with the tray 23, the protective film can be a mobile phone toughening film, and the toughening film can effectively reduce the friction between the surface of the component 60 and the tray 23 so as to protect the surface of the tray 23 from being scratched by the metal component 60 in long-time work. Since the tray 23 is colorless and transparent, the camera can capture the appearance of the lower surface of the component 60 through the acrylic plate after the image capturing member 44 (e.g., camera) is arranged perpendicular to the tray 23.

The baffle 24 is a V-shaped acrylic structure with a flat front end. The component 60 to be detected is placed on the tray 23, and because the tray 23 is at a certain inclination angle, the component 60 to be detected can slide downwards due to the action of gravity, so that the flat section (namely the bottom wall 241) at the rear end of the baffle 24 is tightly attached to the contact surface end of the component 60, and the width of the bottom wall 241 of the baffle 24 is consistent with the length of the contact surface of the component 60, so that the component 60 is limited to move up and down and back and forth. Meanwhile, the two side walls 242 are arranged on the two sides of the baffle 24, so that the side walls 242 can effectively prevent the component 60 from moving left and right and jumping back and forth, and the component 60 can always maintain a state in the detection process. The tray 23 is arranged to form a certain inclination angle, and the baffle 24 is arranged at the tail end of the tray 23, so that the positioning of the components 60 is well realized by utilizing the tray 23 and the baffle 24.

Further, a trigger 42 is provided on each of the detecting stages 20; the detection module 40 includes:

The plurality of image acquisition pieces 44 are distributed on the base 11 and are used for acquiring six-face images of the components 60 on the detection table 20; the image capturing element 44 may be a device having an image capturing function, such as a camera. Typically, 6 image capturing members 44 may be provided to capture images of six surfaces of the component 60, respectively. The specific distribution position of the image capturing element 44 on the base 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, as long as the surface image corresponding to the component 60 can be captured.

A plurality of sensing elements 41 provided on the base 11; the sensing pieces 41 are in one-to-one correspondence with the image acquisition pieces 44; the triggering member 42 is used for triggering the sensing member 41 so that the sensing member 41 transmits the acquisition control information to the image acquisition member 44 corresponding thereto.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the trigger 42 is provided on the lower surface of the support bar 22; the base 11 is connected with a plurality of supporting frames 43, and each supporting frame 43 is provided with a sensing piece 41; the sensing elements 41 are in one-to-one correspondence with the image capturing elements 44, and each sensing element 41 may send capturing control information to the corresponding image capturing element 44. When the triggering piece 42 on the lower surface of the supporting rod 22 is opposite to the sensing piece 41 on the supporting frame 43 in the process that the conveying belt 12 drives the detecting table 20 to move, the triggering piece 42 can trigger the sensing piece 41, so that the sensing piece 41 sends the acquisition control information to the corresponding image acquisition piece 44, and the image acquisition piece 44 performs image acquisition according to the acquisition control information.

The triggering element 42 may be a magnet, and the sensing element 41 may be a hall sensor.

Fig. 4 shows the distribution of the image pickup element 44 in a simplified manner; specifically, when the detecting table 20 moves to the first station after being fed in the feeding area, the magnet on the detecting table 20 triggers the hall sensor at the first station, so that the hall sensor sends acquisition control information to the image acquisition member 44 corresponding to the hall sensor, and at this time, the upper image acquisition member 44 located right above the component 60 acquires an upper surface image of the component 60, and the right image acquisition member 44 located right above the component 60 acquires a right surface image of the component 60 through the transparent baffle 24; when the detection table 20 moves to the second station, the magnet on the detection table 20 triggers the hall sensor at the second station, and the front image acquisition member 44 positioned in front of the component 60 acquires the front surface image of the component 60; when the detection table 20 moves to the third station, the magnet on the detection table 20 triggers the hall sensor at the third station, and the rear image acquisition member 44 positioned behind the component 60 acquires the rear surface image of the component 60 through the bottom wall 241 of the transparent baffle 24; when the detection table 20 moves to the fourth station, the magnet on the detection table 20 triggers the hall sensor at the fourth station, and at this time, the lower image acquisition member 44 positioned below the component 60 acquires the lower surface image of the component 60 through the transparent tray 23; when the detection table 20 moves to the fifth station, the magnet on the detection table 20 triggers the hall sensor at the fifth station, and at this time, the left image capturing element 44 located at the left side of the component 60 captures the left surface image of the component 60 through the side wall 242 of the transparent baffle 24; six-sided image acquisition of the component 60 is completed. In practical applications, the image capturing element 44 may be connected to the base 11 by a bracket structure, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the specific form of the bracket structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes:

The blanking module 50 is disposed at one side of the blanking area of the transmission module 10, and is used for sorting and recycling the components 60 moving to the detection table 20 of the blanking area.

The control module is connected with the detection module 40 and the blanking module 50, and is used for controlling the blanking module 50 to classify and recycle the components 60 according to the detection result of the detection module 40.

Further, the blanking module 50 includes:

the classifying unit is arranged below the blanking area of the transmission module 10;

Three collection hoppers arranged side by side below the classification unit for respectively collecting components 60 of different detection results;

the control module is configured to send classification control information to the classification unit according to the detection result of the detection module 40, so as to control the classification unit to classify the components 60 on the detection table 20 moving to the blanking area into corresponding collection hoppers.

Specifically, the classification unit includes:

A classification guide rail 51 disposed below the blanking area of the transmission module 10 for receiving the components 60 on the inspection table 20 moved to the blanking area;

and a driving motor 52 connected with the sorting guide rail 51 for driving the sorting guide rail 51 to tilt according to the sorting control information so that the components 60 on the sorting guide rail 51 fall into the corresponding collecting hoppers.

The blanking module 50 is a sorting apparatus with a sorting rail 51. Consists of four parts, namely a guide rail bracket 53, a classification guide rail 51, a driving motor 52 and a collecting hopper.

Wherein the rail bracket 53 is used for supporting the driving motor 52.

The driving motor 52 may be a stepping motor for controlling the sort rail 51 to change the inclination angle so that the components 60 fall into the corresponding collection hoppers.

The sorting guide 51 has a structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and guides the components 60 into the collection hopper.

The collection hopper is divided into a finished product collection hopper 55 (middle), a reject collection hopper 54 (right side), and an unidentified collection hopper 56 (left side), wherein the unidentified collection hopper 56 is the area of the hopper into which the components 60 will be introduced for recycling for re-inspection if the finished product is not successfully determined during inspection.

In practical application, the six-sided image of the component 60 collected by the detection module 40 is subjected to image recognition, and whether defects exist or not is judged, so that a detection result of the component 60 is obtained; then, the detection result of the component 60 is sent to a control module, and the control module sends classification control information to the driving motor 52 according to the detection result of the detection module 40; the driving motor 52 drives the sorting guide 51 to tilt according to the sorting control information so that the components 60 on the sorting guide 51 drop into the corresponding collection hoppers.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the inspection table 20 is moved by the conveyor belt 12, and when the inspection table 20 is moved to the corner of the end of the base 11, the inspection table 20 is automatically turned over, so that the components 60 on the tray 23 drop onto the sorting guide 51.

When the detection module 40 detects that the component 60 has no appearance defect, the detection result of the component 60 being a finished product component is sent to the control module, and the control module sends a non-tilting control signal to the driving motor 52 to control the classifying guide rail 51 not to tilt left and right, so that the component 60 on the classifying guide rail 51 falls into the intermediate finished product collecting hopper 55.

When the detecting module 40 detects that the component 60 has an appearance defect, the detecting result of the component 60 being a waste component is sent to the control module, and the control module sends a rightward tilting control signal to the driving motor 52 to control the classifying guide rail 51 to tilt rightward, so that the component 60 on the classifying guide rail 51 falls into the waste collecting hopper 54 on the right side.

When the detecting module 40 does not detect whether the component 60 has an appearance defect, the detecting result of the component 60 being an unidentified component is sent to the control module, and the control module sends a left tilting control signal to the driving motor 52 to control the classifying guide rail 51 to tilt left, so that the component 60 on the classifying guide rail 51 falls into the unidentified collecting hopper 56 on the left side.

According to the invention, the plurality of detection tables 20 are arranged on the conveyor belt 12 in a row, and the conveyor belt 12 is utilized to drive the detection tables 20 to move, so that the detection module 40 can carry out six-face detection on the components 60 on the detection tables 20. The invention uses linear station arrangement, so that theoretically, the number of stations is not limited by space, and more than 6 stations can be used; compared with annular arrangement, the method has the advantages that deformation and distortion caused by untimely acquisition of camera images due to radian movement are avoided; meanwhile, because of the intervals among the stations, the relative annular structure can avoid imaging interference caused by mutual interference of the light supplementing lamps, and because of the more sufficient operation interval, the image acquisition member 44 (such as a camera) has a larger degree of freedom in placement, so that the requirements on the focal length, the minimum working distance and the like of the image acquisition member 44 are lower.

The invention can carry the components 60 by using the transparent tray 23 with the dip angle, and can detect six directions after the components 60 are positioned. Because the self-positioning mode is adopted to position the component 60 once, and then all station operations are performed on the basis of the positioning, the problems of increased equipment complexity and accumulated error introduced caused by secondary positioning are avoided, the positioning precision is high, the generation of identification errors caused by positioning errors is avoided when the image acquisition is performed, and the imaging quality is ensured. And because the self-positioning operation is carried out only once in the detection process, the operation without speed reduction can be carried out in the operation process, and the speed is extremely high.

The invention has simple structure and easy equipment processing, thus the manufacturing cost of the whole equipment is low. Because no mechanical arm, cylinder and other automatic equipment are introduced, the energy consumption is low, the equipment abrasion cost is low, and the method is very suitable for detecting the defects of the components 60 with small cost.

While the application has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the application, and it is intended that the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the appearance of a component, the device comprising:

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the detection station comprises:

The bracket unit is arranged on the transmission belt;

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cradle unit comprises:

the angle regulator is arranged on the conveying belt;

4. A device according to claim 3, wherein the carrying unit comprises:

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said baffle comprises a bottom wall and two side walls connected to opposite edges of said bottom wall; the included angle between the side wall and the bottom wall is an obtuse angle; the width of the bottom wall is matched with the size of the component.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the test stations has a trigger member disposed thereon; the detection module comprises:

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises:

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the blanking module comprises:

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the classification unit comprises: