CN117927949A - Novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion and application method thereof - Google Patents
Novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117927949A CN117927949A CN202410055039.7A CN202410055039A CN117927949A CN 117927949 A CN117927949 A CN 117927949A CN 202410055039 A CN202410055039 A CN 202410055039A CN 117927949 A CN117927949 A CN 117927949A
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- ammonia
- cylinder wall
- coal
- hearth
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/005—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2204/00—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply
- F23D2204/20—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply gaseous and pulverulent fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion and a use method thereof, wherein the novel combustor comprises a cylindrical body with one end closed and one end open, and the cylindrical body is sequentially provided with first to fourth cylinder walls from inside to outside; the channel in the first cylinder wall is a coal dust airflow channel; a plurality of radial partition plates are arranged between the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall, and an independent channel formed by surrounding each two adjacent radial partition plates, the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall is an ammonia gas supply channel; a plurality of axial water holes are arranged in the radial partition plate along the radial direction; the annular channel between the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall is a secondary air channel; the annular channel between the third cylinder wall and the fourth cylinder wall is an overfire air channel; all or part of the cylinder wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of guide plates with adjustable outward opening angles uniformly distributed at the opening end along the circumferential direction; the outward opening angle of the guide plate is adjusted to be 0-30 degrees. The invention can be used for the existing coal-fired boiler, can effectively control the generation of NO x, and does not need to modify the heating surface of the boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combustor, in particular to a novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion and a use method thereof.
Background
At present, under the 'double carbon' target, the proportion of coal in the energy consumption structure of China is reduced, and the key of green low-carbon transformation of propulsion energy is to greatly promote low-carbon/zero-carbon energy to replace high-carbon energy. As an ideal zero-carbon fuel, hydrogen has been widely paid attention to and studied intensively. However, the disadvantages of poor safety, difficult storage and transportation and the like of hydrogen limit the large-scale application of the hydrogen. In contrast, ammonia (NH 3) has the advantages of high volume energy density, easy storage and transportation, high safety and the like. Meanwhile, renewable energy sources can be utilized to prepare ammonia through an industrial process without carbon emission in a full cycle. However, due to the high equipment modification costs, it is impractical to practice pure ammonia combustion in nationwide coal-fired power plants. Therefore, ammonia is used for replacing part of coal, and ammonia coal blending combustion is an economical and practical mode, so that the consumption of coal can be greatly reduced, and the emission of CO 2 is reduced.
However, ammonia still has a series of problems in the actual combustion process: compared with the conventional hydrocarbon fuel, the ammonia has low heat value, lower combustion temperature and high ignition temperature; the flame propagation speed is low, and the flame stability is poor; in addition, it has the problem of high NO x emissions as a nitrogen-containing fuel. In terms of unstable combustion of ammonia, many scholars have now adopted blending highly reactive gaseous fuels (e.g., methane, hydrogen). However, the blending combustion of ammonia with other gaseous fuels can increase the complexity of the overall combustion system, and highly reactive fuels (e.g., hydrogen, etc.) generally present higher transportation difficulties and safety risks, thus increasing the difficulty of application in practical combustors. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, a novel combustor which is simple, economical and practical is imperative, and the novel combustor has important significance for realizing the clean combustion of the ammonia doping of the coal-fired power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion and a use method thereof for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the technical problems in the prior art that:
A novel burner for ammonia coal mixed combustion comprises a cylindrical body with one end closed and one end open, wherein the cylindrical body is sequentially provided with a first cylinder wall, a second cylinder wall, a third cylinder wall and a fourth cylinder wall from inside to outside; the channel in the first cylinder wall is a coal dust airflow channel; a plurality of radial partition plates are arranged between the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall, and an independent channel formed by surrounding each two adjacent radial partition plates, the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall is an ammonia gas supply channel; a plurality of axial water holes are arranged in the radial partition plate along the radial direction; the annular channel between the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall is a secondary air channel; the annular channel between the third cylinder wall and the fourth cylinder wall is an overfire air channel; the closed end of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening which is correspondingly communicated with the pulverized coal airflow channel, the ammonia gas supply channel, the secondary air channel, the over-fire air channel and the water through hole; all or part of the cylinder wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of guide plates with adjustable outward opening angles uniformly distributed at the opening end along the circumferential direction; the outward opening angle of the guide plate is adjusted to be 0-30 degrees.
Further, the open end of the cylindrical body is set as the front end, and the closed end is set as the rear end; each ammonia gas supply channel comprises a front part and a rear part, which are respectively a front channel and a rear channel; the front and rear channels are filled with porous ceramic heat conducting materials, and the pore density of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the front channel is smaller than that of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the rear channel.
Further, the front channel length is greater than the rear channel length.
Further, the porous ceramic heat conducting material of the front channel is made of silicon carbide material, and the porous ceramic heat conducting material of the rear channel is made of metal oxide material.
Further, the porous ceramic heat conducting material of the front channel has a pore density of 8-15 PPI; the porous ceramic heat conducting material of the rear channel has a pore density of 18-25 PPI.
Further, the second cylinder wall length > the fourth cylinder wall length > the third cylinder wall length.
Further, the second cylinder wall is 5-7 mm longer than the fourth cylinder wall, which is 2-5 mm longer than the third cylinder wall.
Further, the aperture of the water through hole is 0.5-1 mm.
The invention also provides a use method of the novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adjusting the outward opening angles of the guide plates of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall;
step 2, spraying pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from a pulverized coal airflow channel;
Step 3, spraying ammonia into the hearth through an ammonia supply channel;
Step 4, inputting water into the water through holes, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth;
Step 5, sending secondary air into the hearth to provide most of air required by the combustion process;
and 6, sending the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone and air until the complete combustion.
In the step 1, the outward opening angle of the guide plates of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall is adjusted to be 0 DEG, and the guide plates are sent into the hearth in a direct current mode corresponding to the secondary air; the outward opening angles of the guide plates of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall are adjusted to be set angles larger than 0 DEG, and corresponding secondary air is sent into the hearth in a cyclone mode;
In step 3, ammonia is injected into the furnace chamber through the ammonia supply channel in two ways:
One mode is a hierarchical input mode: firstly, taking a part of ammonia as primary ammonia, spraying the primary ammonia into a hearth in a throwing mode of circumferentially and sequentially separating an ammonia supply channel, and then taking the other part of ammonia as secondary ammonia, and spraying the secondary ammonia into the hearth through the rest ammonia supply channels;
one mode is a non-hierarchical input mode: all ammonia gas is injected into the hearth from a plurality of ammonia gas supply channels at one time.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
According to the invention, a plurality of ammonia gas supply channels are arranged along the circumferential direction, and ammonia gas can be input by adopting a fuel classification method: part of the ammonia gas is sprayed into the hearth as primary ammonia gas from one part of the ammonia gas supply channels, and the other part of the ammonia gas is sprayed into the hearth as secondary ammonia gas from the other part of the ammonia gas supply channels. The primary ammonia gas is mixed with the pulverized coal/primary air flow in advance to be used as primary fuel for combustion, and then the remaining secondary ammonia gas is mixed with flame, at the moment, the ammonia gas is used as a reducing agent to reduce the generated NO x, so that the concentration of the fuel type NO x in the combustion process is reduced.
Each ammonia gas supply channel comprises a front part and a rear part, which are respectively a front channel and a rear channel; the front and rear channels are filled with porous ceramic heat conducting materials, and the pore density of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the front channel is smaller than that of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the rear channel. The porous ceramic heat conducting material is of a solid porous medium structure; the invention transfers the heat generated by combustion to the rear channel through heat radiation, heat conduction and other modes by the solid porous medium of the front channel to preheat the inlet ammonia gas, does not need external energy input, improves the combustion efficiency, and effectively solves a series of problems of high ignition temperature, narrow flame limit, high NO x emission and the like of the ammonia gas in the combustion process.
A plurality of radial partition plates are arranged between the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall, and a plurality of axial water holes are arranged in the radial partition plates along the radial direction; by injecting water into the water through holes, H and OH free radicals can be provided during the mixed combustion of ammonia/coal, so that the combustion stability is improved and the emission of NO x、CO2 is reduced.
The guide plates at the outlets of the secondary air channel, the over-fire air channel and the like are used for guiding the air flow to the outer side in the radial direction, so that the central recirculation area is enlarged, the heat and mass exchange between the air flows are enhanced, and the purposes of enhancing the combustion of pulverized coal and reducing the generation of NO x are achieved.
The invention can be used for the existing coal-fired boiler, not only can reduce CO 2 generated by pulverized coal combustion, but also can effectively control the generation of NO x, and meanwhile, the heating surface of the boiler is not required to be greatly modified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a novel burner for ammonia-coal mixed combustion.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a novel burner for ammonia-coal co-combustion according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view in the direction a of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a B-direction view of fig. 2.
In the figure: 1. a fourth cylinder wall; 2. a third cylinder wall; 3. a second cylinder wall; 4. a water through hole; 5. a first cylinder wall; 6. a deflector; 7. porous ceramic heat conducting material; 8. a radial spacer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "coupled" and "connected" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly coupled or detachably coupled; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component; electrical connections or signal transmissions; the specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a novel burner for mixed combustion of ammonia and coal comprises a cylindrical body with one end closed and one end open, wherein the cylindrical body is sequentially provided with a first cylinder wall 5, a second cylinder wall 3, a third cylinder wall 2 and a fourth cylinder wall 1 from inside to outside; the channel in the first cylinder wall 5 is a coal dust airflow channel; a plurality of radial partition plates 8 are arranged between the first cylinder wall 5 and the second cylinder wall 3, and an independent channel formed by surrounding each two adjacent radial partition plates 8, the first cylinder wall 5 and the second cylinder wall 3 is an ammonia gas supply channel; a plurality of axial water through holes 4 are arranged in the radial partition plate 8 along the radial direction; the annular channel between the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 is a secondary air channel; the annular channel between the third cylinder wall 2 and the fourth cylinder wall 1 is an overfire air channel; the over-fire air channel, the secondary air channel, the ammonia gas supply channel and the pulverized coal airflow channel are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.
The pulverized coal airflow channel is used for enabling pulverized coal and primary air to be mixed and pass through and enter the hearth.
The ammonia gas supply channel is used for enabling ammonia gas to pass into the hearth.
The secondary air passage is used for allowing air flow as secondary air to pass into the hearth.
The over-fire air is hot air independently fed into the main burner in a staged air supply mode in the hearth to reduce the generation of NO x, so that combustible materials are further burnt out in the later stage.
The overfire air channels are used to pass an air stream as overfire air into the furnace.
The closed end of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening which is correspondingly communicated with the pulverized coal airflow channel, the ammonia gas supply channel, the secondary air channel, the over-fire air channel and the water through hole 4; all or part of the cylinder wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of guide plates 6 with adjustable outward opening angles uniformly distributed at the opening end along the circumferential direction; the outward opening angle of the deflector 6 is adjusted to be 0-30 degrees.
The guide plates 6 can be hinged with the edges of the opening ends of the cylinder walls; when the outward opening angle of the guide plate 6 is 0 degrees, the guide plate 6 is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body, and when the guide plate 6 is arc-shaped, the guide plates 6 connected with the cylinder walls are correspondingly enclosed into an approximate cylinder shape; when the guide plates 6 are flat plates, the guide plates 6 connected with the cylinder walls are correspondingly surrounded to form an approximate polygonal cylinder shape; when the outward opening angle of the guide plate 6 is larger than 0 DEG, the guide plate 6 forms an angle with the axis of the cylindrical body, the guide plate 6 is outwards opened, and when the guide plate 6 is arc-shaped, the guide plates 6 connected with the cylinder walls correspondingly enclose into a shape similar to a circular truncated cone; when the guide plates 6 are flat plates, the guide plates 6 connected with the cylinder walls are correspondingly surrounded to form a shape similar to a multi-prismatic table.
The cross section of the plurality of radial partition plates 8 can be in a sector shape, and the plurality of radial partition plates 8 can be uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the cylindrical body. The ammonia gas supply passage may have a sector-shaped cross section, and a plurality of ammonia gas supply passages may be circumferentially distributed around the axis of the cylindrical body.
Preferably, the open end of the cylindrical body is a front end, and the closed end is a rear end; each ammonia gas supplying channel can comprise a front part and a rear part, namely a front channel and a rear channel; the front and rear channels may be filled with the porous ceramic heat conductive material 7, and the porous ceramic heat conductive material 7 of the front channel may have a smaller pore density than the porous ceramic heat conductive material 7 of the rear channel.
Preferably, the front channel length may be greater than the rear channel length.
The porous ceramic thermally conductive material 7 may comprise
The porous ceramic heat conductive material 7 is generally formed by calcining metal oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, nitride and the like at high temperature, and the materials have high strength, and the boundary part of raw material particles is melted and bonded in the calcining process, so that the ceramic with high strength is formed.
The metal oxide includes aluminum oxide, bismuth oxide, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, and the like.
The nitride includes aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, and the like.
Preferably, the porous ceramic heat conductive material 7 of the front channel may be made of silicon carbide material, and the porous ceramic heat conductive material 7 of the rear channel may be made of metal oxide material.
Preferably, the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 of the front channel can have a pore density of 8-15 PPI; the porous ceramic thermally conductive material 7 of the rear channel may have a pore density of 18 to 25PPI.
Preferably, the first cylinder length 5=second cylinder wall 3 length > fourth cylinder wall 1 length > third cylinder wall 2 length.
Preferably, the second cylinder wall 3 may have a length 5 to 7mm longer than the fourth cylinder wall 1, and the fourth cylinder wall 1 may have a length 2 to 5mm longer than the third cylinder wall 2.
Preferably, the aperture of the water through hole 4 can be 0.5-1 mm.
The invention also provides a using method of the novel combustor for ammonia coal mixed combustion, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adjusting the outward opening angle of the guide plates 6 of the second and third cylinder walls 2.
And 2, spraying pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from a pulverized coal airflow channel. When the pulverized coal mixed primary air is input into the pulverized coal airflow channel, the pulverized coal inlet amount and the primary air quantity are controlled.
And 3, spraying ammonia into the hearth through an ammonia supply channel.
And 4, inputting water into the water through holes 4, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth.
And 5, sending secondary air into the hearth to provide most of air required by the combustion process.
And 6, sending the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone and air until the complete combustion.
Preferably, in step 1, the outward opening angle of the deflector 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 is adjusted to be 0 °, and the corresponding secondary air is sent into the hearth in a direct current manner. The outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 can be adjusted to be set angles larger than 0 degrees, and the corresponding secondary air is sent into the hearth in a cyclone mode.
In step 3, ammonia gas can be injected into the furnace chamber through the ammonia gas supply channel in two ways:
One mode is a hierarchical input mode: firstly, taking a part of ammonia as primary ammonia, and spraying the primary ammonia into a hearth in a throwing mode of circumferentially and sequentially separating an ammonia supply channel, namely spraying a part of ammonia as primary ammonia into the hearth through N ammonia supply channels, wherein the N ammonia supply channels are mutually separated by one ammonia supply channel; then another part of ammonia is used as secondary ammonia and is sprayed into the hearth through the rest ammonia supply channels;
one mode is a non-hierarchical input mode: all ammonia gas is injected into the hearth from a plurality of ammonia gas supply channels at one time.
The novel burner for ammonia coal mixed combustion can be used in the following methods by combining the adjustment of the outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 and the adoption of a graded or non-graded input mode of ammonia gas:
One of the using method steps is as follows:
And A1, adjusting the outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 to be 0 DEG, namely, the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 are parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body.
And step A2, spraying the pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from a pulverized coal airflow channel.
Step A3, adding ammonia gas by adopting a fuel classification method: firstly, taking part of ammonia as primary ammonia, spraying the primary ammonia into a hearth through a throwing mode of circumferentially and sequentially separating an ammonia supply channel, and then taking the other part of ammonia as secondary ammonia, and spraying the secondary ammonia into the hearth through the rest ammonia supply channels.
And A4, inputting water into the water through holes 4, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth.
And step A5, sending secondary air into the hearth in a direct-current mode to provide most of air required by the combustion process.
And step A6, delivering the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone with air until the air is completely combusted.
The second step of the using method:
And B1, adjusting the outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 to enable the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 to form a set angle with the axis of the cylindrical body, wherein the set angle is larger than 0 degrees.
And B2, spraying the pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from the pulverized coal airflow channel.
And B3, spraying all ammonia gas into the hearth from a plurality of ammonia gas supply channels at one time.
And step B4, inputting water into the water through holes 4, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth.
And step B5, sending secondary air into the hearth in a cyclone mode to provide most of air required by the combustion process.
And step B6, delivering the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone with air until the complete combustion.
And step three of the using method:
and step C1, adjusting the outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 to enable the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 to form a set angle with the axis of the cylindrical body, wherein the set angle is larger than 0 degrees.
And C2, spraying the pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from the pulverized coal airflow channel.
Step C3, adding ammonia gas by adopting a fuel classification method: firstly, taking part of ammonia as primary ammonia, spraying the primary ammonia into a hearth through a throwing mode of circumferentially and sequentially separating an ammonia supply channel, and then taking the other part of ammonia as secondary ammonia, and spraying the secondary ammonia into the hearth through the rest ammonia supply channels.
And C4, inputting water into the water through holes 4, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth.
Step C5, sending secondary air into the hearth in a cyclone mode to provide most of air required by the combustion process;
And step C6, sending the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone with air until the complete combustion.
The structure, workflow and principle of operation of the present invention are further described in the following with a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
the novel burner for ammonia coal mixed combustion comprises a cylindrical body with one end closed and one end open, wherein the cylindrical body is sequentially provided with a first cylinder wall 5, a second cylinder wall 3, a third cylinder wall 2 and a fourth cylinder wall 1 from inside to outside; the channel in the first cylinder wall 5 is a coal dust airflow channel; six radial partition plates 8 are arranged between the first cylinder wall 5 and the second cylinder wall 3, and an independent channel formed by surrounding each two adjacent radial partition plates 8, the first cylinder wall 5 and the second cylinder wall 3 is an ammonia gas supply channel; six axial water through holes 4 are arranged in the radial partition plate 8 along the radial direction; the annular channel between the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 is a secondary air channel; the annular channel between the third cylinder wall 2 and the fourth cylinder wall 1 is an overfire air channel; the closed end of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening which is correspondingly communicated with the pulverized coal airflow channel, the ammonia gas supply channel, the secondary air channel, the over-fire air channel and the water through hole 4; all or part of the cylinder wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of guide plates 6 with adjustable outward opening angles uniformly distributed at the opening end along the circumferential direction; the outward opening angle of the deflector 6 is adjusted to be 0-30 degrees. The deflector 6 is free to adjust the outward opening angle for guiding the air flow radially outward.
The opening end of the cylindrical body is set as the front end, and the closed end is set as the rear end; each ammonia gas supply channel comprises a front part and a rear part, which are respectively a front channel and a rear channel; the front and rear channels are filled with porous ceramic heat conducting material 7, and the front channel length is longer than the rear channel length. The porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 of the front channel is made of silicon carbide material, and the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 of the rear channel is made of aluminum oxide material. The density of the pores of the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 of the front channel is 8-15 PPI; the density of the pores of the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 of the rear channel is 18-25 PPI. The front channel is filled with a silicon carbide ceramic foam block with the length of 30mm, the pore density of 10PPI and the thickness of 15mm, the silicon carbide ceramic foam block mainly acts as heat transfer, the silicon carbide ceramic foam block of the front channel enables internal heat to be recycled through heat radiation, heat conduction and the like, and heat generated by combustion is transferred to the rear channel of the ammonia gas supply channel; the rear channels are filled with alumina ceramic foam blocks with a pore density of 20PPI, 60mm and a thickness of 15mm, which can promote heat transfer, prevent tempering and further preheat the inlet ammonia gas. The combination of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials 7 in the front and back channels can improve the adiabatic flame temperature and flame propagation speed of ammonia gas, enhance the stability of combustion flame and improve the flammability limit.
The lengths of the first cylinder wall 5 and the second cylinder wall 3 are 90mm; the length of the fourth cylinder wall 1 is 83mm; the third cylinder wall 2 has a length of 81mm.
The diameter of the pulverized coal airflow channel is 12mm; the gap between the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 is 0.8mm; the gap between the third cylinder wall 2 and the fourth cylinder wall 1 is 1mm;
The aperture of the water through hole 4 is 0.6mm. The water holes 4 are arranged in six rows of rings, water is injected at the water inlet, and the liquid water is gasified into water vapor by means of the heat recycled in the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 in the front channel of the ammonia gas supply channel, so that the concentration of free radicals in the environment during combustion, such as OH, H and O free radicals, can be effectively increased, the combustion stability is improved, the generation of fuel type NO x is further controlled, and the effect of reducing the emission of NO x is obtained.
The outlets of the secondary air channel and the over-fire air channel are respectively provided with a deflector 6. The length of the secondary air channel guide plate 6 is 4mm, and the thickness of the thickest part is 1.5mm. The length of the overfire air channel guide plate 6 is 11mm, and the thickness is 1mm.
The outward opening angle can be freely adjusted according to the specific furnace type, coal type, nozzle flow velocity and the like, the air flow is led to the outside along the radial direction, so that the size of a central recirculation zone is enlarged, the jet flow angle is enlarged, the recirculation quantity is increased, the heat and the mass exchange between the air flows are enhanced, the ignition and the stable combustion of the coal powder are very beneficial, and the purposes of enhancing the combustion of the coal powder and reducing the generation of NO x are achieved.
A preferred method for using a novel burner for ammonia coal mixed combustion:
The outward opening angles of the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall 3 and the third cylinder wall 2 are adjusted, so that the guide plates 6 of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall form a set angle with the axis of the cylindrical body, and the set angle is larger than 0 degrees.
And spraying the pulverized coal mixed primary air into the hearth from the pulverized coal airflow channel.
Ammonia gas is added by adopting a fuel classification method: firstly, taking a part of ammonia as primary ammonia, and spraying the primary ammonia into the hearth in a throwing mode of circumferentially spacing one ammonia supply channel, namely spraying the primary ammonia into the hearth through three ammonia supply channels, wherein the three ammonia supply channels are mutually spaced by one ammonia supply channel; and then the other part of ammonia is used as secondary ammonia and is sprayed into the hearth through the other three ammonia supply channels.
The primary ammonia gas is firstly mixed with the pulverized coal and the primary air flow to be used as primary fuel for combustion, and then the remaining secondary ammonia gas is mixed with the flame, at the moment, the ammonia gas can be reduced to generate NO x as a reducing agent, so that the concentration of the fuel type NO x in the combustion process is reduced. In the combustion process, the solid porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 in the front channel of the ammonia gas supply channel continuously transmits heat generated by combustion to the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 in the rear channel of the ammonia gas supply channel in a heat radiation and heat conduction mode, and the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7 in the rear channel is provided with a pore heat conducting channel, so that heat transmission can be promoted, inlet ammonia gas can be further preheated, the adiabatic flame temperature, flame propagation speed and flammability limit of the ammonia gas are improved, and combustion efficiency is increased.
Water is input into the water through the water inlet hole 4, and the heat recycled in the front channel of the ammonia gas supply channel is utilized to gasify the liquid water into water vapor, so that the concentration of free radicals in the environment is increased, the flame stability is improved, and the generation of NO x is further reduced.
The secondary air is sent into the hearth in a cyclone mode, and most of air required by the combustion process is provided. The pulverized coal airflow is guided to the outside along the radial direction through the action of the guide plate 6, so that the volume of the central recirculation zone is enlarged, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas flows back to the outlet of the burner, the turbulent flow pulsation level of the outlet airflow is obviously improved, the heat and mass exchange between the airflows are enhanced, and the primary air coal flow is heated, thus being very beneficial to ignition and stable combustion of the pulverized coal.
The secondary air flow is divided into two parts, the first part directly enters a central recirculation zone along the gaps among the guide plates 6, and the air (rich fuel) is less due to high temperature, so that coal particles are rapidly ignited; the second part forms a secondary radial recirculation zone behind the deflector 6 to also entrain high-temperature flue gas to heat the primary air coal flow, and as the secondary air also forms a rotating air flow, the mixing of the secondary air and the primary air is stronger, so that the combustion process is continuously carried out and is continuously developed.
And finally, introducing residual air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel as over-fire air until the residual air is over-fire.
The first cylinder wall 5, the second cylinder wall 3, the third cylinder wall 2, the fourth cylinder wall 1, the water through holes 4, the guide plate 6, the porous ceramic heat conducting material 7, the radial partition plate 8 and the like can be all constructed by adopting the structures and materials in the prior art, or can be constructed by adopting the structures and materials in the prior art and adopting the conventional technical means.
The above-described embodiments are only for illustrating the technical spirit and features of the present invention, and it is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and to implement it accordingly, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, i.e. equivalent changes or modifications to the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The novel combustor for the ammonia coal mixed combustion is characterized by comprising a cylindrical body with one end closed and one end open, wherein the cylindrical body is sequentially provided with a first cylinder wall, a second cylinder wall, a third cylinder wall and a fourth cylinder wall from inside to outside; the channel in the first cylinder wall is a coal dust airflow channel; a plurality of radial partition plates are arranged between the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall, and an independent channel formed by surrounding each two adjacent radial partition plates, the first cylinder wall and the second cylinder wall is an ammonia gas supply channel; a plurality of axial water holes are arranged in the radial partition plate along the radial direction; the annular channel between the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall is a secondary air channel; the annular channel between the third cylinder wall and the fourth cylinder wall is an overfire air channel; the closed end of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening which is correspondingly communicated with the pulverized coal airflow channel, the ammonia gas supply channel, the secondary air channel, the over-fire air channel and the water through hole; all or part of the cylinder wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of guide plates with adjustable outward opening angles uniformly distributed at the opening end along the circumferential direction; the outward opening angle of the guide plate is adjusted to be 0-30 degrees.
2. The novel burner for mixed combustion of ammonia and coal according to claim 1, wherein the open end of the cylindrical body is a front end and the closed end is a rear end; each ammonia gas supply channel comprises a front part and a rear part, which are respectively a front channel and a rear channel; the front and rear channels are filled with porous ceramic heat conducting materials, and the pore density of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the front channel is smaller than that of the porous ceramic heat conducting materials of the rear channel.
3. The novel burner for ammonia coal co-combustion of claim 2 wherein the front channel length is greater than the rear channel length.
4. The novel burner for ammonia-coal co-combustion of claim 2 wherein the porous ceramic thermally conductive material of the front channel is made of silicon carbide material and the porous ceramic thermally conductive material of the rear channel is made of metal oxide material.
5. The novel burner for ammonia coal co-combustion of claim 2, wherein the porous ceramic thermally conductive material of the front channel has a pore density of 8-15 PPI; the porous ceramic heat conducting material of the rear channel has a pore density of 18-25 PPI.
6. The novel burner for ammonia coal co-combustion of claim 1 wherein the second barrel wall length > the fourth barrel wall length > the third barrel wall length.
7. The novel burner for ammonia coal co-combustion of claim 1, wherein the second barrel wall length is 5-7 mm longer than the fourth barrel wall length, and the fourth barrel wall length is 2-5 mm longer than the third barrel wall length.
8. The novel burner for mixed combustion of ammonia and coal according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the water through hole is 0.5-1 mm.
9. A method of using the novel burner for ammonia coal co-combustion of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step 1, adjusting the outward opening angles of the guide plates of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall;
step 2, spraying pulverized coal mixed primary air into a hearth from a pulverized coal airflow channel;
Step 3, spraying ammonia into the hearth through an ammonia supply channel;
Step 4, inputting water into the water through holes, and gasifying liquid water into water vapor by utilizing the heat of the ammonia gas supply channel to be input into the hearth;
Step 5, sending secondary air into the hearth to provide most of air required by the combustion process;
and 6, sending the over-fire air into the hearth from the over-fire air channel to promote the mixing of the residual unburnt matters in the reduction zone and air until the complete combustion.
10. The method for using the novel burner for ammonia coal mixed combustion according to claim 9, wherein,
In the step 1, the outward opening angles of the guide plates of the second and third cylinder walls are adjusted to be 0 degrees, and corresponding secondary air is sent into a hearth in a direct current mode; the outward opening angles of the guide plates of the second cylinder wall and the third cylinder wall are adjusted to be set angles larger than 0 DEG, and corresponding secondary air is sent into the hearth in a cyclone mode;
In step 3, ammonia is injected into the furnace chamber through the ammonia supply channel in two ways:
One mode is a hierarchical input mode: firstly, taking a part of ammonia as primary ammonia, spraying the primary ammonia into a hearth in a throwing mode of circumferentially and sequentially separating an ammonia supply channel, and then taking the other part of ammonia as secondary ammonia, and spraying the secondary ammonia into the hearth through the rest ammonia supply channels;
one mode is a non-hierarchical input mode: all ammonia gas is injected into the hearth from a plurality of ammonia gas supply channels at one time.
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