CN117842342B - Outer surface conformal system of fixed wing aircraft and aircraft - Google Patents
Outer surface conformal system of fixed wing aircraft and aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN117842342B CN117842342B CN202410252827.5A CN202410252827A CN117842342B CN 117842342 B CN117842342 B CN 117842342B CN 202410252827 A CN202410252827 A CN 202410252827A CN 117842342 B CN117842342 B CN 117842342B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/36—Structures adapted to reduce effects of aerodynamic or other external heating
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Abstract
The invention discloses an external surface shape-preserving system of a fixed wing aircraft and the aircraft, relates to the technical field of aircrafts, and can solve the problems of large air resistance, complex and heavy structure, high energy consumption, air disturbance and influence on flight safety of an external surface shape-preserving system of an external opening cabin door in the prior art. An exterior surface conformal system of a fixed wing aircraft of an embodiment of the invention comprises: the conformal curtains are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the built-in power unit in the wing main body and are used for covering and conformal along the surface direction of the wing skin; the curtain grid driving assembly is used for driving the conformal curtain grid to slide, pull or wind along the surface direction of the wing skin; the tensioning assembly is used for guiding the sliding direction of the conformal screen during the pulling process and maintaining the tensioning state of the conformal screen in the pulling state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aircrafts, in particular to an external surface conformal system of a fixed wing aircraft and the aircraft.
Background
Existing aircraft exterior surface conformal systems are typically dominated by out-door systems, but suffer from the following drawbacks:
1. The resistance is big when the hatch door opens the air, and the projected area of aircraft along the direction of flight can increase, and the air resistance is big when leading to opening the hatch door, not only influences the flight speed, can also increase the energy consumption in the flight process.
2. The cabin door is opened to influence the flight performance, the cabin door and the actuating system can expose the fixed wing, the aircraft design is not met, air disturbance can be generated when the cabin door collides with air in the flight process, and the flight performance and the flight safety are influenced.
3. The cabin door has high energy consumption in the process of starting and closing, and the external opening cabin door can be opened or closed only by overcoming air resistance when in opening and closing actions, so that a large amount of energy is consumed, and the endurance mileage of the aircraft is influenced.
4. The whole structure of the cabin door is complex and heavy, and because the outward opening type structure is required to bear dead weight, resistance and overload impact force are overcome to operate, the forces can be transmitted to the hinges and the actuating cylinders which exist in a punctiform manner, and the structural strength is required to be enhanced to ensure the stability and reliability of the outward opening type cabin door, so that the structure is complex and the dead weight is large.
The present application is based on one or more of the problems in the external surface shape-preserving system of the aircraft, and the external surface shape-preserving system of the fixed wing aircraft and the aircraft are designed by the inventor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an external surface shape-preserving system of a fixed wing aircraft and the aircraft, which are used for solving the problems of large air resistance, complex structure, heavy self weight, high energy consumption, air disturbance and influence on flight safety of the external surface shape-preserving system of an external opening cabin door in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following scheme:
one aspect of the application provides an exterior surface conforming system for a fixed wing aircraft comprising:
the conformal curtains are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the built-in power unit in the wing main body and are used for covering and conformal along the surface direction of the wing skin;
the curtain grid driving assembly is used for driving the conformal curtain grid to slide, pull or wind along the surface direction of the wing skin;
The tensioning assembly is used for guiding the sliding direction of the conformal screen during the pulling process and maintaining the tensioning state of the conformal screen in the pulling state.
The general design concept of the application is as follows: by arranging the conformal grating, the tensioning assembly and the grating driving assembly for driving the conformal grating to slide to open or roll to close, compared with the conformal system of the original aircraft, the technical scheme of the application adopts a brand-new general conception without an extending external structure, accords with the conformal structural design of aerodynamic design, ensures that the conformal grating can not generate air turbulence in the pulling-out process, the rolling to close process and the pulling-out state, has low energy consumption and small air resistance in the conformal process, and does not need to design a bearing structure for resisting the air resistance, thereby effectively solving a series of problems caused by the outward opening cabin door type design of the existing conformal system.
Preferably, the conformal screen comprises three layers of structures which are fixedly connected from outside to inside, and the three layers are respectively:
A conformal layer positioned on the outer layer and configured to conform to the outer surface of the wing skin;
a ply layer positioned in the middle layer and having a windable layer, and
Grid layer located in the inner layer and consisting of a plurality of grid bodies.
Preferably, the three-layer structure of the conformal screen is fixedly connected by any one or more of bonding, riveting and screwing;
The shape of the conformal layer is the same as that of the conformal reference surface, and the conformal layer is formed by a plurality of strip-shaped structural members parallel to the grid main body, and the strip-shaped structural members are made of rubber or light metal;
the ply is made of a fiber material subjected to glue coating treatment;
The grid main body end face of the grid layers is trapezoidal and is made of metal or plastic.
Preferably, the tensioning assembly comprises two tensioning rib bodies which are oppositely arranged and used for pushing the conformal screen to be tensioned, and a tensioning rib driving assembly used for driving the two tensioning ribs to be far away from or close to each other;
The tensioning rib body includes a tensioning portion having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the conformal surface.
Preferably, the tensioning part is further provided with a guide groove for guiding when the conformal screen is released or folded;
the tensioning assembly further comprises a tensioning rib rotating shaft;
the tensioning rib main body further comprises a push-pull part which is integrally connected and fixed with the tensioning part and extends between the two tensioning ribs;
one ends of the two tensioning rib main bodies, which are far away from the push-pull part, are both rotationally connected to the tensioning rib rotating shaft;
The tensioning rib driving assembly is arranged between the two push-pull parts and is used for pushing the two push-pull parts to be away from each other or pulling the two push-pull parts to be close to each other.
Preferably, the tension rib driving assembly comprises a reset tension spring which is arranged between the two push-pull parts and used for pulling the two push-pull parts to be close to each other, and a tension rib cam which is arranged between the two push-pull parts and used for pushing the two push-pull parts to be far away from each other;
Two ends of the reset tension spring are fixedly connected with the two push-pull parts respectively;
And a driving motor for driving the tension rib cam to rotate.
Preferably, the tensioning assembly further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the movement amplitude of the push-pull part, wherein the limiting structure comprises a bar-shaped limiting hole arranged on the push-pull part and a limiting column arranged in the bar-shaped limiting hole;
under the condition that the two tensioning rib main bodies are in a mutually far-away state, the limiting column is positioned at one end of the strip-shaped limiting hole, which is mutually far away;
Under the condition that the two tensioning rib main bodies are in a mutually approaching state, the limiting column is positioned at one end of the strip-shaped limiting hole, which is mutually approaching.
Preferably, the curtain driving assembly comprises a rolling curtain driving structure for pulling the conformal curtain to slide along the surface direction of the wing skin and wind up, and the rolling curtain driving structure comprises:
The rolling device comprises a rolling device main body, a rolling device cover and a rolling device cover, wherein the rolling device main body comprises a rolling device shaft and a rolling device wheel arranged on the rolling device shaft;
The rolling motor is used for providing power for rolling action of the conformal screen;
the rolling shutter gearbox is used for reducing the rotating speed of the rolling shutter motor and increasing the torque, and the input end of the rolling shutter gearbox is connected with the input end of the rolling shutter motor;
The roller shutter electric control clutch is arranged on the roller shutter gearbox output shaft and used for controlling connection and disconnection between the roller shutter shaft and the roller shutter gearbox output shaft.
Preferably, the end part of the conformal screen is provided with a guy cable for guiding and pulling the conformal screen to open;
The curtain driving assembly comprises a rolling rope driving structure for pulling the conformal curtain to slide and open along the surface direction of the wing skin, and the rolling rope driving structure comprises:
The cable winder comprises a cable winder body, a cable guide mechanism and a cable guide mechanism, wherein the cable winder body comprises a cable winder shaft and a cable winder wheel sleeved on the cable winder shaft and rotating along with the cable winder shaft;
the cable winding motor is used for providing power for the opening action of the conformal screen;
The cable winding gearbox is used for reducing the rotating speed of the cable winding motor and increasing the torque, and the input end of the cable winding gearbox is connected with the output end of the cable winding motor;
the cable coiling electric control clutch is arranged on the cable coiling gearbox output shaft and used for controlling connection and disconnection between the cable coiling device shaft and the cable coiling gearbox output shaft.
Preferably, the device also comprises a grid position sensing magnetic steel arranged on the conformal grid, and a grid position sensor A and a grid position sensor B for positioning the position of the conformal grid according to the grid position sensing magnetic steel, wherein the grid position sensing magnetic steel is arranged at one end of the conformal grid close to the inhaul cable;
the curtain position sensor A and the curtain position sensor B are respectively close to the rolling curtain driving structure and the rolling rope driving structure.
Preferably, the device also comprises a central controller for performing program control on the roller shutter motor, the roller cable motor, the roller shutter electric control clutch and the roller cable electric control clutch according to the aircraft control instruction so as to complete the folding action and the pulling action of the conformal curtain;
the curtain position sensor A and the curtain position sensor B are electrically connected with the central controller.
Another aspect of the application provides an aircraft comprising a wing body having a built-in power pack, and further comprising an exterior surface conforming system of any one of the fixed wing aircraft described above disposed within the wing body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the air resistance is small: the system has no external extension part during operation, no air resistance is generated, and the flight performance of the aircraft is not affected.
2. No turbulence is generated: when the system works, no external extension part exists, no turbulence is generated, the operation of other systems is not interfered, and the flight performance of the aircraft is not affected.
3. The system has light workload and energy conservation: the system works smoothly and inwardly, and has no resistance caused by the extending parts, so that the system requires less energy in working, and saves energy and the volume of an actuating system.
4. The structure is better: because the curtain is conformal and has no hinge, the stress distribution is more uniform, and the structural design does not need to specially design a bearing structure for the curtain, the aircraft structure can be effectively simplified, and the weight is correspondingly reduced.
5. The conformal area is large: the combination of the curtain and the tensioning rib body can effectively reduce stress concentration, and the surface area of the conformal surface can be made larger without the external extending piece.
6. The working speed is high: the structure is simple, the weight is light, no air resistance exists, no opening and closing impact exists, the working speed can be set in a very fast state, and the working efficiency and the efficiency are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a conformal screen according to an embodiment of the present invention in a closed state.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure A-A of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view at a in fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure A1-A1 in FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a conformal screen according to an embodiment of the present invention in a pulled-out state.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure B-B in FIG. 5.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 6.
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention without a conformal screen.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view at C in fig. 8.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer surface of a conformal screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of C-C in FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner surface of a conformal screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-wing body, 11-wing skin, 111-sealing strip, 2-built-in power unit, 3-tensioning rib body, 31-tensioning part, 311-guiding groove, 32-push-pull part, 321-bar limiting hole, 41-tensioning rib rotating shaft, 42-reset tension spring, 43-tensioning rib cam, 44-limiting column, 5-conformal screen, 501-screen position sensing magnetic steel, 51-conformal layer, 52-ply, 53-grid layer, 54-guy cable, 61-roller shutter body, 611-roller shutter shaft, 612-roller shutter wheel, 62-roller shutter motor, 63-roller shutter gearbox, 64-roller shutter electric control clutch, 71-roller shutter body, 712-roller shutter wheel, 72-roller shutter motor, 73-roller shutter gearbox, 74-roller shutter electric control clutch, 81-screen position sensor A, 82-screen position sensor B.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "configured," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings in combination with embodiments.
Example 1:
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides an exterior surface conformal system of a fixed wing aircraft, comprising:
the conformal curtains 5, the conformal curtains 5 are positioned on the upper and lower sides of the built-in power set 2 in the wing main body 1 and are used for covering and conformal along the surface direction of the wing skin 11;
the curtain driving assembly is used for driving the conformal curtain 5 to slide, pull or wind along the surface direction of the wing skin 11;
a tensioning assembly for guiding the sliding direction of the conformal screen 5 during the pulling-apart process, and for maintaining the tensioned state of the conformal screen 5 in the pulled-apart state.
The general design concept of the application is as follows: by arranging the conformal screen 5, the tensioning assembly and the screen driving assembly for driving the conformal screen 5 to slide to open or wind to close, compared with the conformal system of the original aircraft, the technical scheme of the application adopts a brand-new general conception without an extending external structure, accords with the conformal structural design of aerodynamic design, ensures that the conformal screen 5 can not generate air turbulence in the pulling process, the winding to close and the pulling state, has low energy consumption and small air resistance in the conformal process, and does not need to design a bearing structure for resisting the air resistance, thereby effectively solving a series of problems caused by the outward opening cabin door type design of the existing conformal system.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 10 to 12, the conformal screen 5 comprises three layers of structures that are fixedly connected from outside to inside, respectively:
a conformal layer 51 located on the outer layer for conforming to the outer surface of the wing skin 11;
Positioned in the middle layer and having a windable ply 52, and
Grid layer 53, located in the inner layer and consisting of a plurality of grid bodies. In this embodiment, the conformal layer 51 is provided to eliminate the thickness difference between the outer surface of the aircraft and the ply 52, thereby reducing air resistance. In this embodiment, the ply 52 is disposed in the middle of the three-layer structure and serves to connect the fixed conformal layers 51 and grid layers 53. The wing skin 11 in this embodiment is an existing structure of an aircraft, and will not be described in detail here.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sealing strip 111 is further included between the wing Meng Pi and the conformal screen 5.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, the three-layer structure of the conformal screen 5 is fixedly connected by any one or more of bonding, riveting and screwing;
the shape of the conformal layer 51 is the same as that of the conformal reference surface, and the conformal layer is formed by a plurality of strip-shaped structural members parallel to the grid main body, and the strip-shaped structural members are made of rubber or light metal;
the ply 52 is made of a rubberized fibrous material;
the grid main body end face of the grid layer 53 is trapezoidal and is made of metal or plastic.
In this embodiment, the layer structures are fixedly connected by adhesive bonding, and the layer structures can be fixedly connected by screwing or riveting the layer structures at the heavy load part.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the shape of the conformal layer 51 is circular, and the shape of the conformal reference surface is the same as that of the conformal reference surface to be conformal, in this embodiment, the cross section of the strip-shaped structural member of the conformal layer 51 is rectangular, and in some embodiments, may be trapezoidal.
In this embodiment, after the ply 52 is glued, the conformal layers 51 and grid are adhered and fixed on two sides of the ply 52, and the fiber material of the ply 52 has the characteristics of softness, windability, fatigue resistance and high tensile strength.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, the tensioning assembly comprises two oppositely disposed tensioning rib bodies 3 for urging the conformal screen 5 into tension, and a tensioning rib drive assembly for driving the two tensioning ribs away from or toward each other;
the tension rib body 3 includes a tension portion 31 having the same shape as the shape of the cross section of the conformal surface.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, the tensioning part 31 is further provided with a guiding groove 311 for guiding the conformal screen 5 when it is released or folded;
The tensioning assembly further includes a tensioning rib pivot 41;
The tensioning rib main body 3 further comprises a push-pull part 32 which is integrally connected and fixed with the tensioning part 31 and extends between the two tensioning ribs;
one ends of the two tensioning rib main bodies 3 far away from the push-pull part 32 are both rotationally connected to the tensioning rib rotating shaft 41;
The tension rib driving assembly is disposed between the two push-pull portions 32 and is used for pushing the two push-pull portions 32 away from each other or pulling the two push-pull portions 32 closer to each other. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a guide groove 311 is provided on a side of the tensioning portion 31 near the outer surface of the wing skin 11 for guiding when the stay 54 pulls the conformal screen 5. In this embodiment, one end of the two tensioning rib main bodies 3 far away from the push-pull portion 32 is simultaneously connected to the same rotating shaft in a rotating manner, when pushing the two push-pull portions 32, the two tensioning rib main bodies 3 can do circular motion with the tensioning rib rotating shaft 41 as the center of a circle, so as to push the external conformal screen 5 to be tensioned, and further enable the outer surface of the conformal layer 51 in the conformal screen 5 to be flush with the conformal reference surface, so that a good conformal effect is achieved.
In some preferred example embodiments, the tension rib driving assembly includes a return tension spring 42 disposed between the two push-pull portions 32 for pulling the two push-pull portions 32 toward each other, and a tension rib cam 43 disposed between the two push-pull portions 32 for pushing the two push-pull portions 32 away from each other;
Two ends of the reset tension spring 42 are fixedly connected with the two push-pull parts 32 respectively;
A driving motor for driving the tension rib cam 43 to rotate is also included. In this embodiment, two opposite protrusions are provided on the tension rib cam 43, and the angle of each rotation of the driving motor is 90 °, so that the push-pull portion 32 of the two tension rib main bodies 3 can be pushed away again after each rotation of the tension rib cam 43 twice. In the present embodiment, the tension rib cam 43 functions to push the two tension rib bodies 3 apart, and the return tension spring 42 functions to return the two tension rib bodies 3.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the tensioning assembly further includes a limiting structure for limiting the movement amplitude of the push-pull portion 32, the limiting structure including a bar-shaped limiting hole 321 provided on the push-pull portion 32, and a limiting post 44 provided in the bar-shaped limiting hole 321;
In the case where the two tension rib bodies 3 are in a state of being away from each other, the stopper post 44 is located at one end of the bar-shaped stopper hole 321 which is away from each other;
In the case where the two tension rib bodies 3 are in a state of being close to each other, the stopper post 44 is located at one end of the bar-shaped stopper hole 321 close to each other.
In this embodiment, by providing the limiting structure, the tensioning rib main body 3 can be made to perform position limiting when pushed or pulled back, so as to ensure stable and reliable action.
In some preferred example embodiments, the shutter drive assembly includes a shutter drive structure for pulling the conformal shutter 5 to slide and wind up in the direction of the surface of the wing skin 11, the shutter drive structure including:
The roller shutter body 61, the roller shutter body 61 includes a roller shutter shaft 611 and a roller shutter wheel 612 arranged on the roller shutter shaft 611, the end of the shape-preserving screen 5 is fixedly connected on the roller shutter wheel 612, and the axial direction of the roller shutter shaft 611 is parallel to the winding direction of the shape-preserving screen 5;
A roller shutter motor 62 for powering the rolling action of the conformal screen 5;
A roller shutter gear box 63 for reducing the rotation speed of the roller shutter motor 62 and increasing the torque, the input end of which is connected with the input end of the roller shutter motor 62;
A roller shutter electric control clutch 64 is provided on the output shaft of the roller shutter gear box 63 and is used for controlling connection and disconnection between the roller shutter shaft 611 and the roller shutter gear box output shaft.
In this embodiment, by providing the roller shutter gearbox 63, the rotational speed of the roller shutter motor 62 to the roller shutter shaft 611 can be reduced and appropriate torque and speed can be provided to pull the conformal screen 5 by the roller shutter body 61. In this embodiment, the roller shutter wheel 612 is sleeved on the roller shutter shaft 611 and follows synchronously therewith, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the width of the roller shutter wheel 612 is greater than the width of the conformal screen 5.
In some preferred example embodiments, the end of the conformal screen 5 is provided with a pull cord 54 for guiding and pulling the conformal screen 5 open;
The grid driving assembly comprises a rolling rope driving structure for pulling the conformal grid 5 to slide and open along the surface direction of the wing skin 11, and the rolling rope driving structure comprises:
the cable winder body 71, the cable winder body 71 comprises a cable winder shaft 711 and a cable winder wheel 712 sleeved on the cable winder shaft 711 and rotating along with the cable winder shaft 711, and one end of the guy cable 54, which is far away from the shape-preserving curtain 5, is fixed on the cable winder wheel 712;
A cord winding motor 72 for powering the opening action of the conformal screen 5;
the cable coiling gearbox 73 is used for reducing the rotating speed of the cable coiling motor 72 and increasing the torque, and the input end of the cable coiling gearbox is connected with the output end of the cable coiling motor 72;
The cable reeling electric control clutch 74 is arranged on the output shaft of the cable reeling gearbox 73 and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the cable reeling device shaft 711 and the output shaft of the cable reeling gearbox 73.
In this embodiment, by providing the cable gearbox 73, the rotation speed of the cable winding motor 72 driven to the cable winding shaft 711 can be reduced, and appropriate torque and speed can be provided for the cable winding device main body 71 to pull the cable 54, and in this embodiment, the cable 54 is made of steel materials, so that structural strength is ensured. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 12, the number of the guy wires 54 is 3, the number of the cable winder wheels 712 is 3, and in some embodiments, 2, 4, etc. other numbers are also possible, which are not enumerated here.
In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the device further comprises a grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 arranged on the conformal grid 5, and a grid position sensor A81 and a grid position sensor B82 for positioning the position of the conformal grid 5 according to the grid position sensing magnetic steel 501, wherein the grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 is arranged at one end of the conformal grid 5 close to the guy cable 54;
The shutter position sensor a81 and the shutter position sensor B82 are disposed close to the shutter driving structure and the cord driving structure, respectively. The grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 is matched with the grid position sensor A81 and the grid position sensor B82, when the grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 approaches the grid position sensor A81 or the grid position sensor B82, the grid position sensor A81 or the grid position sensor B82 can acquire an induction signal, so that the moving position of the conformal grid 5 can be judged, and the subsequent closing action of the shutter motor 62 or the closing action of the shutter motor 72 can be executed.
In some preferred exemplary embodiments, the device further comprises a central controller for performing program control on the roller shutter motor 62, the roller cable motor 72, the roller shutter electric control clutch and the roller cable electric control clutch according to the aircraft control command so as to complete the folding and unfolding actions of the conformal screen 5;
the curtain position sensor A81 and the curtain position sensor B82 are electrically connected with the central controller. In this embodiment, the roller shutter motor 62, the roller cable motor 72, the roller shutter electric control clutch, the roller cable electric control clutch, the central controller, and the screen position sensor a81 and the screen position sensor B82 are common components in the art, and will not be described herein.
In the use process, the embodiment has two working processes, namely a working process when the sliding is pulled out and a working process when the winding is folded, and the specific processes of the two working processes are as follows:
1. The folding process of the conformal screen 5 is as follows:
firstly, sending a furling instruction, and starting to execute a furling program by the central controller:
Step one, the output shaft of the roller shutter electric control clutch 64 is in a connection state with the roller shutter shaft 611, the output shaft of the roller shutter electric control clutch 74 is in a disconnection state with the roller shutter shaft 711, the driving motor drives the tension rib cam 43 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the more protruded end of the tension rib cam 43 rotates to a horizontal position (the protruded end of the tension rib cam 43 is positioned at the position T1 in the figure 2 of the specification), and under the action of the reset tension spring 42, the push-pull parts 32 of the tension ribs are mutually close to each other, so that the conformal curtain grid 5 is driven to be separated from the conformal datum plane (at the moment, the limit post 44 is positioned at the position Z1 in the figure 2 of the specification);
after the first process is finished, the shutter motor 62 drives the shutter main body 61 to rotate, so that the rotating shutter wheel 612 continuously pulls the conformal shutter 5 and the stay cable 54 fixed at the end of the conformal shutter 5 to move towards the shutter wheel 612, and simultaneously the conformal shutter 5 is continuously wound and rolled into the shutter wheel 612;
step three, when the grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 arranged at the end part of the conformal grid 5 moves to the vicinity of the grid position sensor A81, the grid position sensor A81 outputs an induction signal to the central controller, and the central controller controls the rolling motor 62 to stop rotating, so that the conformal grid 5 moves to a specified position at the moment;
The fourth process, the central controller controls the output shaft of the rolling rope electric control clutch 74 to be in a connection state with the rolling rope device shaft 711, and the output shaft of the rolling rope electric control clutch 64 to be in a connection state with the rolling rope device shaft 611, so that the damping of the rolling rope gearbox 63 and the rolling rope gearbox 73 can lock each moving part, at this time, the folding action process is completed, and at this time, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7.
2. The process of pulling the conformal screen 5 open is as follows:
Firstly, a pull-off instruction is issued, and the central controller starts to execute the pull-off program:
Step one, the output shaft of the roller shutter electric control clutch 64 is in a disconnected state with the roller shutter shaft 611, the output shaft of the roller shutter electric control clutch 74 is in a connected state with the roller shutter shaft 711, and then the roller shutter motor 72 is started to drive the roller shutter main body 71 to rotate the roller shutter stay 54, so that the stay 54 pulls the conformal curtain 5 out of the roller shutter wheel 612;
Step two, when the grid position sensing magnetic steel 501 arranged at the end part of the conformal grid 5 moves to the vicinity of the grid position sensor B82, the grid position sensor B82 outputs an induction signal to the central controller, the central controller controls the cable winding motor 72 to stop rotating, and the conformal grid 5 moves to a specified position at the moment;
after the process III is finished, the driving motor drives the tensioning rib cam 43 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the protruding end of the tensioning rib cam 43 rotates to a vertical position (the protruding end of the tensioning rib cam 43 is positioned at a position T2 in the drawing 6 of the specification), at the moment, under the action of the tensioning rib cam 43, the two tensioning rib main bodies 3 are away from each other, so that the tensioning part 31 of the tensioning rib main body 3 pushes the conformal screen 5, and the conformal layer 51 of the conformal screen 5 is filled into a conformal datum plane (at the moment, the limit post 44 is positioned at a position Z2 in the drawing 6 of the specification);
The fourth process, the central controller controls the output shaft of the rolling rope electric control clutch 74 to be in a connection state with the rolling rope device shaft 711, and the output shaft of the rolling rope electric control clutch 64 to be in a connection state with the rolling rope device shaft 611, so that the damping of the rolling rope gearbox 63 and the rolling rope gearbox 73 can lock each moving part, at this time, the pulling process is finished, and at this time, as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an aircraft, including a wing body 1 with a built-in power unit 2, and further including an external surface shape-preserving system of any one of the above fixed wing aircraft disposed in the wing body 1.
The aircraft in this embodiment is a vertical take-off and landing composite wing aircraft, the wing main body 1 in this embodiment is a composite wing, and the rest of the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiment 1, and are not described here again.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An exterior surface conforming system for a fixed wing aircraft comprising:
The shape-preserving curtains (5), the shape-preserving curtains (5) are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the built-in power unit (2) in the wing main body (1) and are used for covering and preserving shapes along the surface direction of the wing skin (11);
the curtain driving assembly is used for driving the conformal curtain (5) to slide, pull or roll along the surface direction of the wing skin (11);
The tensioning assembly is used for guiding the sliding direction of the conformal screen (5) in the pulling process and maintaining the tensioning state of the conformal screen (5) in the pulling state;
The tensioning assembly comprises two tensioning rib main bodies (3) which are oppositely arranged and used for pushing the conformal screen (5) to be tensioned, and a tensioning rib driving assembly used for driving the two tensioning ribs to be far away from or close to each other;
the tensioning rib main body (3) comprises a tensioning part (31) with the same shape as the cross section of the conformal surface;
the tensioning part (31) is also provided with a guide groove (311) for guiding when the conformal screen (5) is released or folded;
The tensioning assembly further comprises a tensioning rib rotating shaft (41);
the tensioning rib main body (3) further comprises a push-pull part (32) which is integrally connected and fixed with the tensioning part (31) and extends between the two tensioning ribs;
one ends of the two tensioning rib main bodies (3) far away from the push-pull part (32) are both rotationally connected to the tensioning rib rotating shaft (41);
The tensioning rib driving assembly is arranged between the two push-pull parts (32) and is used for pushing the two push-pull parts (32) to be away from each other or pulling the two push-pull parts (32) to be close to each other;
the tensioning rib driving assembly comprises a reset tension spring (42) which is arranged between the two push-pull parts (32) and used for pulling the two push-pull parts (32) to be close to each other, and a tensioning rib cam (43) which is arranged between the two push-pull parts (32) and used for pushing the two push-pull parts (32) to be far away from each other;
two ends of the reset tension spring (42) are fixedly connected with the two push-pull parts (32) respectively;
A driving motor for driving the tension rib cam (43) to rotate;
the curtain driving assembly comprises a rolling curtain driving structure for pulling the conformal curtain (5) to slide along the surface direction of the wing skin (11) and wind up, and the rolling curtain driving structure comprises:
A shutter main body (61), the shutter main body (61) comprises a shutter shaft (611) and a shutter wheel (612) arranged on the shutter shaft (611), the end part of the conformal shutter grid (5) is fixedly connected on the shutter wheel (612), and the axial direction of the shutter shaft (611) is parallel to the winding direction of the conformal shutter grid (5);
the rolling motor (62) is used for providing power for rolling action of the conformal screen (5);
The rolling shutter gearbox (63) is used for reducing the rotating speed of the rolling shutter motor (62) and increasing the torque, and the input end of the rolling shutter gearbox is connected with the input end of the rolling shutter motor (62);
a roller shutter electric control clutch (64) which is arranged on an output shaft of the roller shutter gearbox (63) and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the roller shutter shaft (611) and the roller shutter gearbox output shaft; the end part of the conformal screen (5) is provided with a guy cable (54) for guiding and pulling the conformal screen (5) to open;
The curtain driving assembly comprises a rolling rope driving structure for pulling the conformal curtain (5) to slide and open along the surface direction of the wing skin (11), and the rolling rope driving structure comprises:
The cable winder comprises a cable winder body (71), wherein the cable winder body (71) comprises a cable winder shaft (711) and a cable winder wheel (712) sleeved on the cable winder shaft (711) and rotating along with the cable winder shaft, and one end of a guy cable (54) far away from a conformal screen (5) is fixed on the cable winder wheel (712);
a cable rolling motor (72) for providing power for the opening action of the conformal screen (5);
The cable coiling gearbox (73) is used for reducing the rotating speed of the cable coiling motor (72) and increasing the torque, and the input end of the cable coiling gearbox is connected with the output end of the cable coiling motor (72);
The cable coiling electric control clutch (74) is arranged on the output shaft of the cable coiling gearbox (73) and used for controlling connection and disconnection between the cable coiling device shaft (711) and the output shaft of the cable coiling gearbox (73).
2. A fixed wing aircraft exterior surface conformal system according to claim 1, wherein said conformal screen (5) comprises three layers of structure, from outside to inside and fixedly connected, respectively:
A conformal layer (51) located on the outer layer for conforming to the outer surface of the wing skin (11);
a ply (52) located in the middle layer and having a windable layer, and
Grid layer (53) located in the inner layer and consisting of a plurality of grid bodies.
3. The external surface shape-preserving system of fixed wing aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixed connection mode between the three layers of structures of the shape-preserving curtain (5) is any one or more of the compound fixed connection of bonding, riveting and screwing;
The shape of the conformal layer (51) is the same as that of the conformal reference surface, and the conformal layer is formed by a plurality of strip-shaped structural members parallel to the grid main body, and the strip-shaped structural members are made of rubber or light metal;
the ply (52) is made of a rubberized fibrous material;
the grid main body end face of the grid layers (53) is trapezoidal and is made of metal or plastic.
4. The exterior surface conformal system of a fixed wing aircraft according to claim 1, wherein said tensioning assembly further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the amplitude of movement of the push-pull portion (32), the limiting structure comprising a bar-shaped limiting hole (321) provided on the push-pull portion (32), and a limiting post (44) provided within the bar-shaped limiting hole (321);
Under the condition that the two tensioning rib main bodies (3) are in a mutually far-away state, the limiting column (44) is positioned at one end of the strip-shaped limiting hole (321) which is mutually far away;
in the case where the two tension rib bodies (3) are in a state of being close to each other, the stopper post (44) is located at one end of the bar-shaped stopper hole (321) that is close to each other.
5. An aircraft comprising a wing body (1) with a built-in power pack (2), characterized in that it further comprises a fixed wing aircraft external surface conformal system according to any one of claims 1-4 arranged in the wing body (1).
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