CN117695345A - 一种赪桐提取物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种赪桐提取物及其制备方法和应用,属于天然药物技术领域。包括:S1.取赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,加热沸腾提取,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇沉淀,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;S2.将步骤S1中的固体加入水中,加入酶酶解,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,发酵培养,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;S4.将赪桐多糖和赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物,具有较好的抗炎、抗氧化的性能,活性高,制备方法简单,原来来源广,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及天然药物技术领域,具体涉及一种赪桐提取物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
赪桐为马鞭草科大青属植物赪桐Clerodendrum japonicum(Thunb.)Sweet.,又名红龙船、抽须红等、“个朋被”(广西壮族语),产自广西、贵州和云南等地,为民间传统常用药。赪桐主要含有黄酮类、酚酸类、鞣质及挥发油等成分,全株均可入药,味甘,性凉,其具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤等药理作用,主治偏头痛、跌打瘀肿、痈肿疮毒;临床用于肺热咳嗽、热淋、小便不利的治疗。
随着医药科技的飞速发展,治疗肝损伤的药物已经研究报道很多,主要包括中草药、生物药、化学药和微量元素等。但是一些研究表明,有些抗肝损伤的药物还会不可避免的产生生物毒性。可见,目前对于中药抗炎的治疗仍是一个严峻的课题。
中药是我国传统医学的瑰宝,许多具有清热解毒、利湿退黄、活血化瘀、疏肝理气等功效的中药及中药成分,可以直接对中药抗炎进行治疗,也不会产生非常明显的毒副作用,因此,这些药物的研究与开发对临床中药抗炎的治疗具有重要的实际意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种赪桐提取物及其制备方法和应用,具有较好的抗炎、抗氧化的性能,通过抑制NO、TNF-a、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β炎症因子的产生起作用,制得的赪桐提取物活性高,制备方法简单,原来来源广,具有广阔的应用前景。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供一种赪桐提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.取赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,加热沸腾提取,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇沉淀,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;
S2.将步骤S1中的固体加入水中,加入酶酶解,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,发酵培养,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;
S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;
S4.将步骤S1制得的赪桐多糖和步骤S3制得的赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S1中所述赪桐药材和水的固液比为1:7-10g/mL。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S1中所述加热沸腾提取的时间为2-4h。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S1中所述加入乙醇至体系乙醇含量为80-90wt%,沉淀的时间为3-5h。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S2中所述固体、酶、水的质量比为10-15:1-2:200。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S2中所述酶包括纤维素酶和果胶酶,质量比为5-7:1,所述酶解的温度为40-45℃,时间为2-4h。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S2中所述枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的接种量为2-4v/v%,所述接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的含菌量为107-108cfu/mL。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S2中所述发酵培养的条件为40-45℃,100-200r/min,发酵培养48-56h。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S3中所述有机溶剂为正丁醇和环己烷的混合液,体积比为3-5:7。
本发明进一步保护一种上述的制备方法制得的赪桐提取物。
本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明制备了一种赪桐提取物,通过水提醇沉获得了具有较好抗氧化和抗炎活性的赪桐多糖,并将水提取液以及经过酶解、发酵后,将植物细胞壁破壁获得的多种活性物质的发酵产物混合,经过有机溶剂萃取,含有大量的黄酮、多酚、三萜等活性物质,具有较好的抗炎、抗氧化的性能,通过抑制NO、TNF-a、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β炎症因子的产生起作用,制得的赪桐提取物活性高,制备方法简单,原来来源广,具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种赪桐提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.取20重量份赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,所述赪桐药材和水的固液比为1:7g/mL,加热沸腾提取2h,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇至体系乙醇含量为80wt%,沉淀3h,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;
S2.将10重量份步骤S1中的固体加入200重量份水中,加入1重量份酶,加热至40℃,酶解2h,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,接种量为2v/v%,40℃,100r/min,发酵培养48h,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;
所述酶包括纤维素酶和果胶酶,质量比为5:1;
所述接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的含菌量为107-108cfu/mL;
S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入等体积的有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;
所述有机溶剂为正丁醇和环己烷的混合液,体积比为3:7;
S4.将步骤S1制得的赪桐多糖和步骤S3制得的赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种赪桐提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.取20重量份赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,所述赪桐药材和水的固液比为1:10g/mL,加热沸腾提取4h,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇至体系乙醇含量为90wt%,沉淀5h,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;
S2.将15重量份步骤S1中的固体加入200重量份水中,加入2重量份酶,加热至45℃,酶解4h,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,接种量为4v/v%,45℃,200r/min,发酵培养56h,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;
所述酶包括纤维素酶和果胶酶,质量比为7:1;
所述接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的含菌量为107-108cfu/mL;
S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入等体积的有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;
所述有机溶剂为正丁醇和环己烷的混合液,体积比为5:7;
S4.将步骤S1制得的赪桐多糖和步骤S3制得的赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种赪桐提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.取20重量份赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,所述赪桐药材和水的固液比为1:8.5g/mL,加热沸腾提取3h,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇至体系乙醇含量为85wt%,沉淀4h,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;
S2.将12重量份步骤S1中的固体加入200重量份水中,加入1.5重量份酶,加热至42℃,酶解3h,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,接种量为3v/v%,42℃,150r/min,发酵培养52h,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;
所述酶包括纤维素酶和果胶酶,质量比为6:1;
所述接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的含菌量为107-108cfu/mL;
S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入等体积的有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;
所述有机溶剂为正丁醇和环己烷的混合液,体积比为4:7;
S4.将步骤S1制得的赪桐多糖和步骤S3制得的赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物。
实施例4
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,酶为单一的纤维素酶。
实施例5
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,酶为单一的果胶酶。
对比例1
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,步骤S2中未添加酶。
对比例2
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,步骤S2中未接种枯草芽孢杆菌。
对比例3
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,步骤S4中未添加赪桐多糖。
对比例4
与实施例3相比,不同之处在于,步骤S4中未添加赪桐有机提取物。
测试例1
取对数生长期的RAW264.7细胞,用胰酶消化后,经离心,弃去上清液,用完全培养基配成7×104个/mL的细胞悬浮液,接种96孔板中,每孔加入100μL的细胞悬液,置37℃、含5% CO2培养箱内培养24小时后,弃去孔内上清液,分别加入100μL含药完全培养基(实施例1-5和对比例1-4制得的赪桐提取物的终浓度为0.25mg/mL;LPS的终浓度为1μg/mL),含LPS1μg/mL完全培养基和不含LPS完全培养基,即给药组、模型组和空白组,每组设置4个复孔,置37℃、含5% CO2培养箱内培养。按试剂盒测定细胞分泌的NO含量。结果见表1。
表1
组别 | NO(μmol/L) |
空白组 | 82.91±4.18 |
模型组 | 210.49±10.11 |
实施例1 | 104.56±9.24 |
实施例2 | 105.28±8.55 |
实施例3 | 102.47±7.83 |
实施例4 | 110.39±9.11 |
实施例5 | 108.95±8.57 |
对比例1 | 125.48±7.82 |
对比例2 | 128.21±8.35 |
对比例3 | 135.19±10.52 |
对比例4 | 142.85±11.21 |
注释:*为与空白组相比,P<0.05;#为与模型组相比,P<0.05。
由上表可知,本发明实施例1-3制得的赪桐提取物可以显著抑制NO的分泌。
测试例2
将C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为11组,每组6只,分别为对照组、模型组、实施例1-5组、对比例1-4组。动物适应饲养环境后,各给药组按照相应浓度连续灌胃给与相应组制得的赪桐提取物7d(1g/kg),对照组和模型组均以灌胃的方式给予同体积的生理盐水,连续7d。在第7天时,称重,给药1h后,模型组和各给药组进行脂多糖气管滴注(5mg/kg),制备出急性肺损伤模型,对照组小鼠气管滴入相同体积生理盐水。
实验结束后,将肺组织取出,按重量(g):体积(mL)加入9倍体积生理盐水匀浆,离心,取上清为待测样品。按照试剂盒方法检测TNF-α、IL-6、SOD、GSH的水平。结果见表2。
表2
组别 | TNF-α(pg/mL) | IL-6(pg/mL) | SOD(U/mg) | GSH(μmol/g) |
空白组 | 108.2±7.5 | 32.2±2.2 | 125.2±30.1 | 8.2±0.5 |
模型组 | 240.3±55.2 | 129.5±6.9 | 60.4±11.4 | 4.8±0.9 |
实施例1 | 125.2±26.8 | 59.6±4.5 | 105.5±12.5 | 7.5±0.7 |
实施例2 | 124.8±22.8 | 60.5±3.8 | 106.3±11.4 | 7.4±0.5 |
实施例3 | 127.4±21.9 | 62.2±5.6 | 108.3±11.2 | 7.7±0.6 |
实施例4 | 132.5±19.5 | 68.9±6.2 | 100.1±10.3 | 6.9±0.5 |
实施例5 | 134.2±20.1 | 69.4±6.1 | 98.6±9.6 | 7.0±0.4 |
对比例1 | 140.5±16.7 | 74.5±7.4 | 89.6±8.6 | 6.2±0.7 |
对比例2 | 144.2±12.5 | 76.7±6.5 | 84.5±8.1 | 5.8±0.9 |
对比例3 | 150.1±11.6 | 80.2±5.5 | 80.3±6.7 | 5.5±0.8 |
对比例4 | 158.9±13.5 | 86.9±4.7 | 72.5±5.8 | 5.0±0.9 |
注释:*为与空白组相比,P<0.05;#为与模型组相比,P<0.05。
由上表可知,本发明实施例1-3制得的赪桐提取物能明显降低小鼠炎症指标,提高氧化应激指标。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种赪桐提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1.取赪桐药材洗净,干燥,粉碎,加入水中,加热沸腾提取,过滤,滤渣留用,加入乙醇沉淀,收集固体,洗涤,干燥,获得赪桐多糖,滤液留用;
S2.将步骤S1中的固体加入水中,加入酶酶解,接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液,发酵培养,灭菌灭酶,过滤,滤液留用;
S3.将步骤S1中的滤液和步骤S2中的滤液合并,加入有机溶剂萃取,收集有机相,减压除去溶剂,洗涤,干燥,得到赪桐有机提取物;
S4.将步骤S1制得的赪桐多糖和步骤S3制得的赪桐有机提取物混合均匀,制得赪桐提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中所述赪桐药材和水的固液比为1:7-10g/mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中所述加热沸腾提取的时间为2-4h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中所述加入乙醇至体系乙醇含量为80-90wt%,沉淀的时间为3-5h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述固体、酶、水的质量比为10-15:1-2:200。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述酶包括纤维素酶和果胶酶,质量比为5-7:1,所述酶解的温度为40-45℃,时间为2-4h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的接种量为2-4v/v%,所述接种枯草芽孢杆菌菌种种子液的含菌量为107-108cfu/mL。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述发酵培养的条件为40-45℃,100-200r/min,发酵培养48-56h。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述有机溶剂为正丁醇和环己烷的混合液,体积比为3-5:7。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的制备方法制得的赪桐提取物。
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