CN117685079A - Tail gas purifying method - Google Patents
Tail gas purifying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117685079A CN117685079A CN202311462239.6A CN202311462239A CN117685079A CN 117685079 A CN117685079 A CN 117685079A CN 202311462239 A CN202311462239 A CN 202311462239A CN 117685079 A CN117685079 A CN 117685079A
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- exhaust gas
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 89
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
- F01N13/148—Multiple layers of insulating material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a diesel engine tail gas treatment technology, and discloses a tail gas purification method, which comprises the following steps: introducing tail gas into the first-stage purification mechanism, and capturing and purifying soot particles in the tail gas by using the first-stage purification mechanism; the first heat-preserving layer arranged in the first-stage purifying mechanism is used for reducing heat overflow, so that the trapped soot particles are decomposed and gasified by tail gas; the purified tail gas enters a second-stage purification mechanism, and a second heat preservation layer arranged in the second-stage purification mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst; during the purification process, the outer side surfaces of the first-stage purification mechanism and the second-stage purification mechanism are cooled. Under the condition of meeting the explosion-proof requirement, unburned hydrocarbon in the engine and carbon monoxide generated in the combustion process can be changed into harmless water and carbon dioxide, so that the cost is reduced, and the problem of short service life of the oxidation catalyst is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a diesel engine tail gas treatment technology, in particular to a tail gas purification method.
Background
Currently, in underground coal mine machinery, an explosion-proof diesel engine is a power source which is widely applied. Under the mine, the tail gas exhausted by the explosion-proof diesel engine can continuously reduce the air quality of the mine if not timely diffused under the limitation of the ventilation condition of the mine, and the physical health of workers under the mine is seriously harmed.
The tail gas of diesel engine is the tail gas sprayed out after diesel engine burns diesel oil, and the tail gas contains hundreds of different compounds, so that the gas emission is peculiar in smell, and is dizziness and nausea, seriously affects the physical health of people, and is recognized as one of highly cancerogenic pollutants by world health organization specialists. Soot Particulate Matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbons (HC) are among the four main types of pollutants in diesel exhaust. According to the national off-road diesel engine exhaust emission index, the on-mine diesel engine exhaust needs to meet the related requirements, but the problem of doping inferior diesel oil (high exhaust emission pollutant amount and more fly ash particles) generally exists in the mine, so that the emission exceeds the standard.
For an explosion-proof diesel engine, hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are required to be removed under the explosion-proof requirement (the surface temperature of a power device is not more than 150 ℃), the prior art is generally realized by improving the volume of an oxidation catalyst and the content of noble metal, and the method has the advantages of large volume, high noble metal content, high cost and short service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tail gas purifying method, which can convert unburned hydrocarbon in an engine and carbon monoxide generated in a combustion process into harmless water and carbon dioxide under the condition of meeting explosion-proof requirements, reduce cost and solve the problem of short service life of an oxidation catalyst.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a tail gas purifying method, which comprises the following steps:
introducing tail gas into a first-stage purification mechanism, and capturing and purifying carbon smoke particles in the tail gas by using the first-stage purification mechanism;
reducing heat overflow by utilizing a first heat preservation layer arranged in the first-stage purification mechanism, so that the trapped soot particles are decomposed and gasified by the tail gas;
the purified tail gas enters a second-stage purification mechanism, and a second heat preservation layer arranged in the second-stage purification mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst;
and cooling the outer side surfaces of the first-stage purifying mechanism and the second-stage purifying mechanism in the purifying process.
In some embodiments, the off-gas is homogenized prior to passing the off-gas to the first stage purification mechanism.
In some embodiments, the tail gas is homogenized and rectified by providing a flow equalization mechanism upstream of the first stage purification mechanism.
In some embodiments, the flow equalizing mechanism includes an air inlet distribution pipe, and a plurality of air holes arranged in an array are arranged on a pipe section of the air inlet distribution pipe opposite to the air inlet of the first-stage purifying mechanism so as to homogenize and rectify the tail gas.
In some embodiments, the flow equalizer outer surface is cooled by providing a third cooling layer on the flow equalizer outer side.
In some embodiments, after the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst to generate water and carbon dioxide, the tail gas after secondary purification is discharged to a cooling device through an outlet pipeline for cooling treatment.
In some embodiments, the outlet duct outer surface is cooled by providing a fourth cooling layer outside the outlet duct.
In some embodiments, the first stage decontamination mechanism and the second stage decontamination mechanism outer surfaces are cooled by providing a first cooling layer outside the first stage decontamination mechanism and a second cooling layer outside the second stage decontamination mechanism.
In some embodiments, the first and second insulation layers are vacuum insulation layers, the vacuum insulation layer interlayer thickness being no less than 1mm.
In some embodiments, a vacuum insulation material is filled within the vacuum insulation sandwich to reduce heat spill-over within the first stage purification mechanism and within the second stage purification mechanism.
Through the technical scheme, the first heat-preserving layer arranged in the first-stage purifying mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that the trapped soot particles are decomposed and gasified by the tail gas, and the second heat-preserving layer arranged in the second-stage purifying mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that the reaction capacity of the catalyst is improved, and hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the catalyst. Moreover, the outside surfaces of the first stage purge mechanism and the second stage purge mechanism are cooled simultaneously during the purge. The catalyst can meet the explosion-proof requirement (the surface temperature is not more than 150 ℃) without reducing the internal temperature of the catalyst, the tail gas purifying capacity is improved, and the service life is prolonged. Meanwhile, the method is realized without increasing the volume of the oxidation catalyst and the content of noble metal, the occupied volume is small, and the use cost is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view in the direction B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view in the direction a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of an exhaust gas purifying method in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1 first heat-preserving layer of particle trapping filter element 21
22 second insulation layer 31 first cooling layer
32 second cooling layer 33 third cooling layer
331 first joint 34 fourth cooling layer
341 second joint 4 oxidation catalytic filter element
5 inlet distribution pipe 6 outlet pipeline
71 first flange 72 second flange
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which may be embodied in many different forms and not limited to the specific embodiments of the invention herein, but include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be construed as exemplary only and not limiting unless otherwise specifically stated.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements in question must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. When the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the use of the terms first, second, and the like in the present application are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used for distinguishing between different parts. The word "comprising" or "comprises" and the like means that elements preceding the word encompass the elements recited after the word, and not exclude the possibility of also encompassing other elements.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art. When a particular device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the particular device and either the first device or the second device.
All terms used herein have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides an exhaust gas purifying method, including the steps of:
and introducing tail gas into the first-stage purification mechanism, and capturing and purifying soot particles in the tail gas by using the first-stage purification mechanism.
The first heat-retaining layer 21 built in the first-stage purification mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that the trapped soot particles are decomposed and gasified by the exhaust gas. Wherein, general tail gas temperature is higher relatively, under the circumstances that uses first heat preservation 21 to prevent the inside heat of first level purification mechanism from overflowing, can make the soot particulate matter of entrapment decompose gasification by high temperature tail gas into carbon dioxide, get rid of the soot particulate matter of first level purification mechanism entrapment, prevent to use for a long time and make first level purification mechanism by soot particulate matter jam.
The purified tail gas enters the second-stage purification mechanism, and the second heat preservation layer 22 arranged in the second-stage purification mechanism is utilized to reduce heat overflow, so that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst. Under the condition that the second heat preservation layer 22 is used for preventing the heat in the second-stage purification mechanism from overflowing, the inside of the second-stage purification mechanism can be kept at a higher temperature, so that the catalyst can obtain a higher reaction temperature, the reaction rate is high, the tail gas purification capability is improved, and the use cost is reduced; in addition, the soot particles are decomposed and gasified by the high-temperature tail gas in the first-stage purifying mechanism, so that the physical blockage of the catalyst active sites in the second-stage purifying mechanism by the particles is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
During the purification process, the outer side surfaces of the first-stage purification mechanism and the second-stage purification mechanism are cooled. The surface temperature of the device can be maintained below 150 ℃ to meet the explosion-proof requirement.
Therefore, the method is realized without increasing the volume of the oxidation catalyst and the content of noble metal, and has small occupied volume and reduced use cost.
In order to better understand the technical concept of the present invention, the exhaust gas purifying method of the present invention will be explained below with reference to a specific exhaust gas purifying apparatus.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an exhaust gas purifying apparatus is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a first-stage purifying mechanism and a second-stage purifying mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism and the second-stage purifying mechanism being sequentially connected, the first-stage purifying mechanism including a particle catch filter element 1 and a first heat-retaining layer 21, the first heat-retaining layer 21 being disposed around the particle catch filter element 1, and a first cooling layer 31 being disposed around the outside of the first-stage purifying mechanism, the second-stage purifying mechanism including an oxidation catalyst filter element 4 and a second heat-retaining layer 22, the second heat-retaining layer 22 being disposed around the oxidation catalyst filter element 4, and a second cooling layer 32 being disposed around the outside of the second-stage purifying mechanism.
The tail gas purifying method is mainly applied to the treatment of tail gas of diesel engines, is particularly suitable for diesel engine equipment in mineral exploitation, for example, when the diesel engines are used in coal mine exploitation, the generated tail gas contains soot Particles (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbon (HC), if the tail gas is not effectively treated, the environment pollution is caused, toxic gas and soot particles are discharged, the body health of operators in mines can be seriously endangered, and the equipment surface temperature is too high, and gas fuel explosion such as gas and the like is caused, so that the operation safety is threatened. In this regard, the invention designs a first-stage purification mechanism and a second-stage purification mechanism, wherein the first-stage purification mechanism is used for capturing soot particles, the second-stage purification mechanism is used for removing Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO), a first heat preservation layer 21 is arranged inside the first-stage purification mechanism, the first heat preservation layer 21 is arranged around the particle capturing filter element 1, the remaining soot particles in the tail gas can be captured by the particle capturing filter element 1, the tail gas has higher temperature, and due to the heat preservation effect of the first heat preservation layer 21, when the temperature of the tail gas rises to 600 ℃, the soot particles can be oxidized into carbon dioxide, the physical blockage of the active sites of the catalyst in the oxidation catalytic filter element 4 by the soot particles is reduced, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged. The second heat preservation layer 22 is arranged inside the second-stage purification mechanism, the second heat preservation layer 22 is arranged around the oxidation catalytic filter element 4, so that a catalyst in the oxidation catalytic filter element 4 can obtain higher reaction temperature, the reaction rate is high, unburnt Hydrocarbon (HC) in tail gas and carbon monoxide (CO) generated in the combustion process are changed into harmless water and carbon dioxide, and the tail gas purification effect is good. The invention solves the problem of poor purification effect by adopting a mode of improving the volume of the oxidation catalyst and the content of noble metal, has small occupied volume and effectively reduces the cost. Moreover, the first cooling layer 31 is arranged around the outer side of the first-stage purifying mechanism, and the second cooling layer 32 is arranged around the outer side of the second-stage purifying mechanism, so that the heat overflowed can be effectively absorbed, and the explosion-proof requirement is met.
In some embodiments, the first stage purification mechanism may be a particle catcher (DPF), which is a particulate filter with a honeycomb structure, and the filter core is coated with platinum, rhodium, palladium, etc. by this structure, the effective contact area is greatly increased, when the exhaust gas containing soot particles enters from the inlet channel, the end of the inlet channel is blocked, the exhaust gas can only permeate into the adjacent outlet channel through the filtering wall, and then is discharged from the outlet channel, the filtering wall is made of microporous ceramic, so that the particles exceeding 2.5um (settable) will be blocked in the inlet channel, thereby adsorbing and filtering the soot particles in the exhaust gas, and purifying 65% -90% of the particles in the exhaust gas extremely effectively. The second-stage purification mechanism can be a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), the oxidation catalytic filter element in the DOC can also be a honeycomb structure, and noble metals such as platinum, palladium and the like are used as catalysts, so that Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in tail gas can be effectively reduced.
In some embodiments, the first heat-preserving layer 21 and the second heat-preserving layer 22 may be vacuum heat-preserving layers, the thickness of the vacuum heat-preserving layers is not less than 1mm, and vacuum heat-insulating materials, such as vacuum heat-insulating boards, are adopted in the vacuum heat-preserving layers, so that the overflow of heat in the first-stage purification mechanism and the second-stage purification mechanism can be reduced.
In some embodiments, it may be desirable to homogenize and rectify the tail gas prior to passing the homogenized and rectified tail gas into the first stage purification mechanism.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a flow equalizing mechanism is provided, and the flow equalizing mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism and the second-stage purifying mechanism are sequentially connected, and the flow equalizing mechanism can homogenize and rectify the tail gas flowing into the tail gas purifying device.
Specifically, flow equalizing mechanism includes flow equalizing casing and air inlet distribution pipe 5, and air inlet distribution pipe 5 is connected with the air inlet, and air inlet distribution pipe 5 arranges at the flow equalizing casing. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in order to facilitate connection with the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine apparatus, a first flange 71 is provided at the intake port, and the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is fastened to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine apparatus by the first flange 71.
More specifically, the delivery outlet of the flow equalization shell is communicated with the first-stage purification mechanism, and a plurality of vent holes which are arrayed are arranged on the pipe section of the air inlet distribution pipe 5, which is close to the delivery outlet of the flow equalization shell, so that the tail gas can be homogenized and rectified.
In some embodiments, a third cooling layer 33 is disposed around the outside of the flow equalizer to facilitate cooling of the outside surface of the flow equalizer.
In some embodiments, an outlet duct 6 is also provided, the outlet duct 6 being connected to the second stage purification mechanism, a fourth cooling layer 34 being arranged around the outside of the outlet duct 6 to facilitate cooling of the outside surface of the outlet duct 6. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the outlet pipe 6 is funnel-shaped, including toper section and straight tube section, the toper section is convenient for collect the soot particulate matter that is purified to make in the soot particulate matter slides to the straight tube section along the lateral wall of toper section, the toper section is connected with second level purification mechanism, the straight tube section is kept away from the one end of toper section and is the gas vent, this gas vent is provided with second flange 72, second flange 72 is used for connecting tail gas purification device with cooling device, specifically can be the coolant tank, be provided with cooling coil in the coolant tank, make the tail gas that is purified flow through cooling coil, cool down the treatment to the tail gas, avoid the exhaust tail gas temperature to be greater than 150 ℃, satisfy explosion-proof requirement.
In some embodiments, the third cooling layer 33, the first cooling layer 31, the second cooling layer 32, and the fourth cooling layer 34 are sequentially connected to form a cooling system, the third cooling layer 33 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 331, and the fourth cooling layer 34 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 341. The flow equalizing mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism, the second-stage purifying mechanism and the outlet pipeline 6 can be mutually independent structural members, can be cast and formed, and adopt bolts and welded connection, and the flow equalizing mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism, the second-stage purifying mechanism and the outlet pipeline 6 can adopt corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, copper and the like. The cooling layer positions among the flow equalizing mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism, the second-stage purifying mechanism and the outlet pipeline 6 can be in a mode of arranging through holes, directly communicating and the like, so that the third cooling layer 33, the first cooling layer 31, the second cooling layer 32 and the fourth cooling layer 34 are sequentially connected to form a cooling system, or as shown in fig. 1, the flow equalizing mechanism, the first-stage purifying mechanism, the second-stage purifying mechanism and the outlet pipeline 6 are respectively connected in pairs by adopting pipelines, so that the third cooling layer 33, the first cooling layer 31, the second cooling layer 32 and the fourth cooling layer 34 are sequentially connected to form a cooling system, and the cooling liquid inlet 331 and the cooling liquid outlet 341 can be connected by adopting a clamp and a cooling liquid pipe. The coolant may be a coolant for machine cutting, water, or the like used in machining.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an exhaust gas purifying apparatus, which comprises a flow equalizing mechanism, a first stage purifying mechanism, a second stage purifying mechanism and an outlet pipe 6, wherein the flow equalizing mechanism, the first stage purifying mechanism, the second stage purifying mechanism and the outlet pipe 6 are sequentially connected. The flow equalizing mechanism comprises a flow equalizing shell and an air inlet distribution pipe 5, the air inlet distribution pipe 5 is connected with an air inlet, the air inlet distribution pipe 5 is arranged on the flow equalizing shell, a third cooling layer 33 is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the flow equalizing mechanism, a first flange 71 is arranged on the air inlet, and the tail gas purifying device is connected and fastened with an exhaust pipe of diesel engine equipment through the first flange 71. The first stage purification mechanism may be a particle trap (DPF), the first stage purification mechanism includes a particle trap filter element 1 and a first heat preservation layer 21, the first heat preservation layer 21 may be disposed around the particle trap filter element 1, and a first cooling layer 31 is disposed around the outside of the first stage purification mechanism, the second stage purification mechanism may be a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), the second stage purification mechanism includes an oxidation catalyst filter element 4 and a second heat preservation layer 22, the second heat preservation layer 22 may be disposed around the oxidation catalyst filter element 4, and a second cooling layer 32 is disposed around the outside of the second stage purification mechanism. The outlet pipeline 6 is connected with the second-stage purification mechanism, the fourth cooling layer 34 is arranged on the outer side of the outlet pipeline 6 in a surrounding mode, one end, far away from the second-stage purification mechanism, of the outlet pipeline 6 is an exhaust port, the exhaust port is provided with a second flange 72, the second flange 72 is used for connecting a tail gas purification device with cooling equipment, the tail gas purification device can be a cooling water tank, a cooling coil is arranged in the cooling water tank, purified tail gas flows through the cooling coil, the tail gas is cooled, the temperature of the tail gas is prevented from being higher than 150 ℃, and the explosion-proof requirement is met. The third cooling layer 33, the first cooling layer 31, the second cooling layer 32 and the fourth cooling layer 34 are sequentially connected to form a cooling system, the third cooling layer 33 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 331, and the fourth cooling layer 34 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 341.
Taking the exhaust gas purifying device as an example, the exhaust gas purifying device is arranged on an exhaust pipe of mining explosion-proof diesel engine equipment, and the exhaust gas purifying method of the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the tail gas enters an air inlet distribution pipe 5 through a first flange 71, the air inlet distribution pipe 5 homogenizes and rectifies the tail gas, and the tail gas after homogenization and rectification enters a first-stage purification mechanism;
the first-stage purification mechanism captures soot particles in the tail gas, the captured soot particles are slowly decomposed and gasified by high-temperature tail gas, and the tail gas after primary purification enters the second-stage purification mechanism;
the second-stage purification mechanism can be a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), and an oxidation catalyst is arranged in the DOC, so that unburned Hydrocarbon (HC) in the tail gas and carbon monoxide (CO) generated in the combustion process are converted into harmless water and carbon dioxide;
the tail gas after secondary purification is discharged to a cooling water tank through an outlet pipeline 6, a cooling coil is arranged in the cooling water tank, the purified tail gas flows through the cooling coil, the tail gas is cooled, and the temperature of the tail gas discharged is reduced to be lower than 150 ℃.
In the purification process, the cooling system formed by sequentially connecting the third cooling layer 33, the first cooling layer 31, the second cooling layer 32 and the fourth cooling layer 34 cools the outer side surface of the flow equalizing mechanism, the outer side surface of the first-stage purification mechanism, the outer side surface of the second-stage purification mechanism and the outer side surface of the outlet pipeline 6, so that the surface of the device is maintained below 150 ℃ to meet the explosion-proof requirement.
Through at first heat preservation 21 of first level purification mechanism embeds at second level purification mechanism embeds second heat preservation 22, can reduce the inside thermal excessive of catalyst, can obtain higher reaction temperature, promoted catalyst reaction ability (the higher temperature, desorption efficiency is higher), tail gas purifying effect is good, and first level purification mechanism can reduce the granule physics and block up the active position of the catalyst in the second level purification mechanism, extension life-span. The problem of poor purification effect is solved in a mode of improving the catalyst dosage, the occupied volume is small, and the cost is reduced. Part of the overflow heat is absorbed by the cooling system, so that the explosion-proof requirement is met.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of individual specific technical features in any suitable way. The various possible combinations of the invention are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple variations and combinations are likewise to be regarded as being within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method for purifying exhaust gas, comprising the steps of:
introducing tail gas into a first-stage purification mechanism, and capturing and purifying carbon smoke particles in the tail gas by using the first-stage purification mechanism;
reducing heat overflow by utilizing a first heat preservation layer (21) arranged in the first-stage purification mechanism, so that the trapped soot particles are decomposed and gasified by the tail gas;
enabling the purified tail gas to enter a second-stage purification mechanism, and reducing heat overflow by utilizing a second heat preservation layer (22) arranged in the second-stage purification mechanism, so that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the tail gas undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst;
and cooling the outer side surfaces of the first-stage purifying mechanism and the second-stage purifying mechanism in the purifying process.
2. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas is homogenized and rectified before being introduced into the first stage purifying mechanism.
3. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust gas is homogenized and rectified by providing a flow equalizing mechanism upstream of the first stage purifying mechanism.
4. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 3, wherein the flow equalizing mechanism comprises an intake air distribution pipe (5), and a plurality of vent holes arranged in an array are arranged on a pipe section of the intake air distribution pipe (5) facing the air inlet of the first stage purifying mechanism so as to homogenize and rectify the exhaust gas.
5. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 3, wherein the outer surface of the flow equalizing mechanism is cooled by providing a third cooling layer (33) on the outer side of the flow equalizing mechanism.
6. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 1, characterized in that after hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst to produce water and carbon dioxide, the exhaust gas subjected to secondary purification is discharged to a cooling device through an outlet pipe (6) for cooling treatment.
7. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer side surface of the outlet pipe (6) is cooled by providing a fourth cooling layer (34) outside the outlet pipe (6).
8. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first-stage purifying mechanism and the second-stage purifying mechanism are cooled on the outer side surfaces thereof by providing a first cooling layer (31) outside the first-stage purifying mechanism and a second cooling layer (32) outside the second-stage purifying mechanism.
9. The exhaust gas purifying method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first heat retaining layer (21) and the second heat retaining layer (22) are vacuum heat retaining layers, and the vacuum heat retaining layer has an interlayer thickness of not less than 1mm.
10. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 9, wherein a vacuum heat insulating material is filled in the vacuum heat insulating layer interlayer to reduce the overflow of heat inside the first stage purifying mechanism and the second stage purifying mechanism.
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| CN202311462239.6A CN117685079A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Tail gas purifying method |
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