CN117672068B - Abandoned mine water storage energy storage experimental system and experimental method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste mine water storage and energy storage experimental system and an experimental method thereof, wherein the experimental system comprises the following steps: the water bath box seals the box body and is used for simulating the stratum temperature; the underground chamber simulation component is provided with an air inlet well simulation pipeline, an air return well simulation pipeline, a roadway simulation pipeline and a goaf simulation box with broken stones inside; the water storage and pumping component is provided with a water injection tank for simulating water storage temperature and a pipe assembly, one end of which is movably positioned in a simulated pipeline of the air inlet well and used for storing water and pumping water; the monitoring component is provided with a temperature monitor, a flow monitor and a water pressure monitor which are connected with the controller; according to the invention, the water bath tank is used for simulating the stratum temperature, the underground chamber simulation component is used for simulating the structures of an underground roadway, an air inlet well, an air return well and a goaf, the water storage and pumping component is used for simulating different water storage and pumping working conditions, the simulation of the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system is realized, the reliability and the accuracy of the calculation result are higher, and experimental data support is provided for abandoned mine water storage and energy storage.

Description

Abandoned mine water storage energy storage experimental system and experimental method

Technical Field

The invention relates to energy storage experimental technology, belongs to the field of mine energy storage utilization, and specifically relates to an abandoned mine water storage energy storage experimental system and an experimental method thereof.

Background Art

Abandoned mines are mostly closed mines that are no longer used for mining due to resource depletion, high mining costs, huge safety hazards, etc. Abandoned mines need to be properly managed and disposed of, such as filling, sealing, and monitoring. Abandoned mines contain rich mine water resources, geothermal resources, and space resources. Rational use and development of the available energy contained in abandoned mines can provide a continuous supply of water resources, reduce dependence on traditional energy, and reduce environmental impact, which is of great significance to economic development and environmental protection.

Abandoned mine water storage is an effective way to utilize abandoned mines. On the one hand, the abandoned space of the mine is used to store water resources in the underground space of the mine. After a certain period of heat exchange with the rock mass with a temperature difference between the underground and the water resources, energy storage mine water is formed and stored in the underground mine. After a certain period of time, it is pumped to the ground for social production and life. On the other hand, the ground power resources can be temporarily stored on the ground through potential energy conversion with water resources. When electricity is needed, water resources are stored in the mine to achieve energy conversion;

The key to water storage and energy storage in abandoned mines lies in the water storage capacity and energy storage heat exchange efficiency, and monitoring the temperature, water pressure and flow rate of underground chambers is essential. However, because underground chambers are often abandoned for a long time, the surrounding rock support capacity is poor or has lost its support capacity, and some locations are filled with toxic and harmful gases such as acid mine water and gas, it is extremely challenging and has extremely high economic maintenance costs to arrange equipment on site to monitor data. Therefore, the current research methods are mainly limited to numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, and lack simulation of abandoned mine water storage experimental systems;

At present, numerical simulation and theoretical calculation have the problem of simplifying the actual mine conditions, resulting in deviations between the simulation results and the actual situation, that is, there is a lack of experimental and field data support. For example, it is often assumed that the abandoned mine space or the caving area caused by the excavation of abandoned mine caverns are completely filled with water resources, ignoring the existence of areas that cannot be filled in the actual process, and there is a lack of research on the water storage state during water storage and pumping. For example, when calculating the energy storage heat transfer efficiency, it is also assumed that the water storage resources are in full contact with the wall of the underground chamber. However, in the actual energy storage process, frequent water storage and production will cause the underground space to be filled with a large amount of gas, making it difficult to achieve complete filling of the underground space with water resources during each water production cycle.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system with a simple and compact structure. It not only monitors the temperature, flow rate and pressure during water storage and pumping in abandoned mines, but also simulates different experiments under water storage and pumping conditions. The calculation results are more reliable and accurate, providing support for abandoned mine water storage and energy storage, and avoiding the traditional use of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation without experimental and field data support.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system, comprising:

Water bath, a sealed box used to simulate formation temperature;

The underground chamber simulation component includes an air intake shaft simulation pipeline, a return air shaft simulation pipeline, a tunnel simulation pipeline, and a goaf simulation box with gravel inside;

One end of the air intake shaft simulation pipeline is fixed on the water injection box, and the other end is connected to multiple tunnel simulation pipelines; each tunnel simulation pipeline is connected to the corresponding goaf simulation box, and a permeable gasket is provided at the connection; the goaf simulation box is hung inside the water bath at different angles and positions;

One end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline is connected to the goaf simulation box;

A water storage and pumping component, comprising a water injection tank simulating the water storage temperature, and a pipe assembly with one end movable and located in a simulated pipe of an air intake well for water storage and pumping;

The other end of the water injection box and the simulated pipe of the return air shaft are both adjusted in height by means of a lifting assembly;

a monitoring component having a temperature monitor, a flow monitor, and a water pressure monitor connected to the controller;

Temperature monitors are installed on the water bath, water injection tank and underground chamber simulation components to monitor water temperatures at different locations; flow monitors are installed on the pipe assembly to monitor the flow of water storage and pumping; water pressure monitors are installed on the underground chamber simulation components to monitor water pressures at different locations.

Furthermore, the pipe assembly comprises a water storage pipe, a water extraction pipe, and a three-way solenoid valve and a vacuum pump controlled by a controller;

One end of the water storage pipe is located in the simulated pipeline of the air inlet well, and the other end is connected to the water injection tank through a three-way solenoid valve;

The other port of the three-way solenoid valve flows back to the water injection tank through a water extraction pipe, and a vacuum pump is arranged on the water extraction pipe.

Further, the middle part of the goaf simulation box is adjusted to be located at the lower end of the telescopic bracket by adjusting the support angle;

The adjusting support is a ball hinge structure with a damping structure;

The upper end of the telescopic bracket is installed on the inner side of the transparent cover plate on the upper part of the water bath box.

Further, the adjustment support has a ball rod mounted on the goaf simulation box and a support seat located at the lower end of the telescopic support;

The support seat is provided with a blind hole for placing the spring and an adjusting screw for threaded installation;

The ball head of the club is rotatably located in the support seat, and under the action of the adjusting screw rod, the spring is pressed on the ball head.

Furthermore, a plurality of transverse guide rails and longitudinal guide rails are provided on the inner side of the transparent cover plate;

The cross sections of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail are both T-shaped slide grooves; the supporting block at the upper end of the telescopic bracket is matched and slidably located in the transverse guide rail or the longitudinal guide rail.

Furthermore, a plurality of internal thread holes are provided on the inner side of the transparent cover plate;

The support block at the upper end of the telescopic bracket is threadedly mounted with the internal threaded hole.

Furthermore, the crushed stone is sandstone fragments, and the outside is coated with phenolphthalein liquid;

The water injection tank contains an acidic storage solution; one side of the water bath box is a transparent plate, and the corresponding outer side is provided with a camera for recording the color change distribution characteristics of gravel under different water storage parameter conditions.

Further, the lifting assembly comprises a vertically arranged suspension rod, a pulley rotating at the upper end of the suspension rod, and a suspension rope;

One end of the suspension rope is connected to the simulated pipeline of the return air shaft or the water injection box, and the other end is wound around the outside of the pulley and then connected to the suspension rod.

The present invention also aims to provide an abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental method, in which a water bath is used to simulate the formation temperature, an underground chamber simulation component is used to simulate the structure of underground tunnels, air intake shafts, return air shafts and goafs, and a water storage and pumping component is used to simulate different water storage and pumping conditions. In addition, the temperature monitor, water pressure monitor and flow monitor in the monitoring component correspondingly monitor the temperature, water pressure and flow at different locations, thereby realizing the simulation of the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system. The calculation results have higher reliability and accuracy, and provide experimental data support for abandoned mine water storage and energy storage.

An experimental method for storing water and energy in abandoned mines, comprising the following steps:

S1, cleaning and drying the underground chamber simulation components and water storage and pumping components, applying litmus solution on the gravel in the goaf simulation box, and drying;

S2, analyze the production geological information of abandoned mines, determine the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arrange the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box, as well as the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone; the height and angle of the tunnel simulation pipeline;

Install temperature monitors, flow monitors, and water pressure monitors in the monitoring components to monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations, and transmit the monitored real-time data to the controller;

S3, storing the slightly acidic solution in a water injection tank;

The lifting assembly lifts the water injection box and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline to a suitable position, and records the average height difference between the water bath box and the tunnel simulation pipeline as h;

S4, when water is stored, the three-way solenoid valve is activated to flow at the target flow rate , time is The first water storage was to simulate the water storage in abandoned mines and monitor the water pressure, temperature and flow rate of each monitoring point in real time;

The calculation formula for real-time water storage capacity is:

;

The water in the water injection tank flows from the pipe assembly into multiple tunnel simulation pipes and the corresponding goaf simulation box. When the acidic storage water comes into contact with the gravel in the goaf simulation box, the gravel will turn red. The color change distribution characteristics of the gravel under different water storage parameters are recorded by the camera.

When the water storage pressure in the tunnel simulation pipeline meets After that, stop storing water. After a period of stabilization, the controller controls the three-way solenoid valve located at the port of the pumping pipe to open, and then the target flow rate is , time is During the first pumping, simulate the pumping of abandoned mines and record the water pressure, water temperature and flow rate at each monitoring point during the pumping process;

The calculation formula for real-time pumping volume is:

S5, when conducting the abandoned mine pumped storage power station simulation experiment, the water bath was kept dry before water filling;

The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy reduction of abandoned mine water storage is:

in, is the density of water in the water filling tank (50) during the water storage process, is the acceleration due to gravity;

The calculation formula for real-time electricity generation from water storage is:

in, is the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy to electrical energy during water storage;

The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy increase of abandoned mine pumping volume is:

The calculation formula for the electric energy consumed by pumping water is:

in, It is the ratio of the power consumption to the increase of water potential energy during the pumping process;

The calculation formula for the water storage and electricity storage efficiency of abandoned mines is:

When simulating the abandoned mine water storage heat/cold experiment, the water bath is filled with tap water before water storage, and the water bath temperature and the water injection tank temperature are changed at a certain temperature to simulate the formation temperature and the initial water storage temperature;

The calculation formula for the real-time heat/cold storage capacity of abandoned mines is:

in, is the acceleration due to gravity; , Separately for the moment The corresponding temperature is Specific heat capacity and density of water in the water filling tank;

The calculation formula for the real-time heat/cold capacity of abandoned mine water pumping is:

in, , They are The corresponding temperature at that moment is Specific heat capacity and density of water in the water filling tank;

The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount of abandoned mine water storage after utilization during the pumping period is:

The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount of abandoned mine water pumped out after utilization in the pumping time period is:

in, The average temperature of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after water extraction;

is the average specific heat capacity of water in the local season when utilizing the heat/cold of the abandoned mine after pumping;

is the average water density of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after pumping;

The calculation formula for the heat/cold capacity that can be used in the abandoned mine water storage during the pumping period is:

The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount that can be used by the abandoned mine pumping volume during the pumping time period is:

The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is:

The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is:

The calculation formula for the utilization efficiency of abandoned mine water storage energy is:

When simulating the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process of abandoned mines, the water bath is filled with tap water before water storage, and the temperature of the water bath and the water injection tank are changed at a certain temperature to simulate the formation temperature and the initial temperature of water storage;

The simulated pipe temperature of the wind shaft is , water pressure is , the simulated pipe temperature of the return air shaft is , water pressure is , the simulated pipeline temperature in the tunnel is , water pressure is , the temperature of the goaf simulation box is , water pressure is ;

The measured temperature, water pressure and flow rate are collected to obtain the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process of the abandoned mine;

S6, repeating steps S1-S5 to complete multiple simulation experiments in multiple cycles;

S7, when simulating the experiment on the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process in the abandoned mine, drain all the liquids in the water bath, water injection tank and underground chamber simulation components, change the temperature and water injection flow rate in the water injection tank, repeat steps S1-S6, and complete the observation experiment on the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process in the abandoned mine under different water injection temperatures and water injection flow rates.

Further, in step S5, the water bath temperature is varied at +5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target formation temperature, and the temperature is kept constant for one hour;

The water filling tank temperature changes at +5℃/h or -5℃/h to simulate the target water storage initial temperature and maintain a constant temperature for one hour.

Compared with the prior art, the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system uses a water bath to simulate the formation temperature, the underground chamber simulation component is used to simulate the structure of the underground tunnel, air intake shaft, return air shaft and goaf, the water storage and pumping component is used to simulate different water storage and pumping conditions, and the temperature monitor, water pressure monitor and flow monitor in the monitoring component correspondingly monitor the temperature, water pressure and flow at different locations, so as to realize the simulation of the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system, and the calculation results are more reliable and accurate, providing experimental data support for abandoned mine water storage and energy storage;

By monitoring the flow rate under water storage and pumping conditions, and simulating the corresponding temperature and water pressure, experimental simulation of abandoned mine pumped storage power station, experimental simulation of abandoned mine water storage heat/cold, and experimental simulation of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in underground chambers during water storage and energy storage are realized, avoiding the lack of experimental and field data support for traditional methods;

The water storage pipe is connected between the water injection tank and the goaf simulation box, and one end of the water storage pipe is moved to be located in the air intake shaft simulation pipeline. By changing the position of the end of the pipe assembly in the air intake shaft simulation pipeline or the tunnel simulation pipeline, it can be used to simulate the influence of different water storage points on water storage and energy storage; in addition, a slightly acidic solution is stored in the water injection tank, and litmus solution is applied to the gravel in the goaf simulation box. When the water in the water injection tank comes into contact with the gravel from the pipe assembly, multiple tunnel simulation pipelines, and the corresponding goaf simulation box, the gravel will turn red, and the color change distribution characteristics of the gravel under different water storage parameters are recorded by a camera.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation component of an underground chamber in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water storage and pumping component in the present invention;

4 is a bottom view of the assembly of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail in the present invention;

5 is a left side view of the assembly of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail in the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable support in the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a goaf simulation box in the present invention;

In the figure: 10, water bath, 11, first heater, 12, first condenser, 13, transparent cover, 131, first opening, 132, second opening, 14, transverse guide rail, 15, longitudinal guide rail, 16, telescopic bracket, 17, adjustment support, 171, ball rod, 172, support seat, 173, adjustment screw, 174, spring; 18, support block;

21. Air intake shaft simulation pipeline, 22. Water storage pipe, 23. Pipeline interface, 24. Laneway simulation pipeline, 25. Return air shaft simulation pipeline;

30. Goaf simulation box, 31. Gravel, 32. Permeable gasket;

41. boom, 42. rope, 43. pulley;

50. water injection tank, 51. second heater, 52. second condenser, 53. vacuum pump, 54. water extraction pipe;

61. Temperature monitor, 62. Flow monitor, 63. Water pressure monitor;

70. Controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 7 , this abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system includes:

A water bath 10, a sealed box for simulating formation temperature;

The underground chamber simulation component includes an air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21, a return air shaft simulation pipeline 25, a tunnel simulation pipeline 24, and a goaf simulation box 30 with gravel 31 inside;

One end of the air intake shaft simulation pipe 21 is fixed on the water injection box 50, and the other end is connected to multiple tunnel simulation pipes 24; each tunnel simulation pipe 24 is connected to the corresponding goaf simulation box 30, and a permeable gasket 32 is provided at the connection; the goaf simulation box 30 is suspended inside the water bath box 10 at different angles and positions;

One end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 is connected to the goaf simulation box 30;

The water storage and pumping component has a water injection box 50 simulating the water storage temperature, and a pipe assembly for storing and pumping water, one end of which is movable and located in the simulated pipe 21 of the air intake well;

The other end of the water injection box 50 and the return air shaft simulation pipe 25 are both adjusted in height by a lifting assembly;

A monitoring component having a temperature monitor 61, a flow monitor 62, and a water pressure monitor 63 connected to a controller 70;

The temperature monitor 61 is arranged on the water bath 10, the water injection tank 50 and the underground chamber simulation component to monitor the water temperature at different positions; the flow monitor 62 is arranged on the pipe assembly to monitor the flow of water storage and pumping; the water pressure monitor 63 is arranged on the underground chamber simulation component to monitor the water pressure at different positions;

Specifically, the water bath 10 is used to simulate the formation temperature, and a first heater 11 and a first condenser 12 connected to the controller 70 are provided inside the water bath 10, that is, the first heater 11 is used to quickly increase the temperature in the water bath 10, and the first condenser 12 is used to reduce the temperature in the water bath 10. The first heater 11 and the first condenser 12 can be arranged at the bottom of the water bath 10 and sealed.

The water bath box 10 can be a cubic box with a length of 100 cm, a width of 100 cm, and a height of 50 cm, which is made of acrylic transparent plates bonded together by acrylic shadowless adhesive. The outer side of the water bath box 10 can be wrapped by a No. 5 angle steel frame to ensure its overall sealing; the transparent cover plate 13 on the upper part of the water bath box 10 can be an acrylic transparent plate and can be disassembled and installed, for example, connected by multiple bolts;

The underground chamber simulation component is used to simulate the structure of underground tunnels, air intake shafts, return air shafts and goafs, and simulates the impact on water storage and energy storage by setting its geometric dimensions and physical parameters; the goaf simulation box 30 is suspended below the transparent cover 13, and the transparent cover 13 is provided with a first opening 131 in the middle for arranging the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21, and a second opening 132 on the peripheral side for arranging the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25;

One end of the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21 is fixed on the water injection box 50 and is not connected to the water injection box 50, and the other end can be connected to multiple tunnel simulation pipelines 24 through the pipeline interface 23, that is, the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21 is in an open state, and the air pressure in the pipeline is equal to the atmospheric pressure; the water bath 10 can adjust the temperature of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 and the goaf simulation box 30, that is, the simulation of water storage and energy storage is realized through the water heat conduction in the water bath 10; the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21 and the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 are made of PVC transparent plastic hoses and the outside of the hoses are insulated with polyurethane. The length and inner diameter and other geometric parameters of the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21 and the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 can be selected according to the experimental requirements; the tunnel simulation pipeline 24, the pipeline interface 23, and the permeable gasket 32 are all made of PVC material and are not insulated. The length and inner diameter and other geometric parameters can be selected according to the experimental requirements and meet the sealing requirements;

The permeable gasket 32 is located at the connection between the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 and the goaf simulation box 30. Its permeability depends on the size of the porosity and is used to simulate the water inflow from the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 into the goaf simulation box 30.

The water storage and pumping components are used to simulate different water storage and pumping conditions; the second heater 51 and the second condenser 52 in the water injection tank 50 are used for temperature adjustment, and the height is adjusted by the lifting component to achieve the simulated injection water pressure. The use of lifting gravity water pressure can avoid the use of a booster pump to cause unstable water pressure and temperature loss in the well; the water injection tank 50 can be made of acrylic transparent plate and polyurethane insulation on the outside, such as 1cm thick polyurethane, 30cm long, 30cm wide, and 40cm high cubic box structure;

The pipe assembly is used to store and pump water between the water injection box 50 and the goaf simulation box 30. One end of the pipe assembly is moved and located in the air intake well simulation pipeline 21. The position of the end of the pipe assembly in the air intake well simulation pipeline 21 or the roadway simulation pipeline 24 can be changed to simulate the influence of different water storage points on water storage and energy storage.

In the monitoring components, the temperature monitor 61 can be located in the water bath 10, the water injection tank 50, the air intake well simulation pipeline 21, the return air well simulation pipeline 25, the tunnel simulation pipeline 24, and the goaf simulation box 30, for real-time monitoring of water temperatures at different locations; the water pressure monitor 63 is arranged in the air intake well simulation pipeline 21, the return air well simulation pipeline 25, the tunnel simulation pipeline 24, and the goaf simulation box 30 for real-time monitoring of water pressure at different locations; the flow monitor 62 is arranged in the pipe assembly, that is, the water storage pipe 22 and the water pumping pipe 54, for real-time monitoring of water storage and water pumping flow;

The monitoring component records the monitored data in the controller 70, which is a computer console with data analysis and processing capabilities. The computer console can switch and control the corresponding water storage and pumping modes after data feedback and calculate the water storage volume, pumping volume and energy change. The temperature monitor 61, water pressure monitor 63 and flow monitor 62 are all wired sensors, and the corresponding wires pass through the air intake shaft simulation pipeline 21, the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25, the tunnel simulation pipeline 24, the goaf simulation box 30 and other structures through the dedicated pressure-resistant holes. The temperature monitor 61 adopts a waterproof design, and the temperature measurement range is in the range of 0-100℃. The model of the temperature monitor 61 can be selected according to the specific simulation scheme. When the model similarity ratio of this experimental system is 1:1000, the accuracy of the water pressure monitor 63 must be able to achieve the change of 1m water level on the monitoring site, that is, the pressure measurement accuracy of the water pressure monitor 63 is 10Pa, and the accuracy of the flow monitor 62 needs to monitor the change of the site scale ^1m3 /h in real time, and the measurement accuracy of the flow monitor 62 is 1× ^10-4mm3 /s; the controller 70 can monitor the temperature, water pressure, and flow rate, calculate the cumulative water storage capacity, water pumping capacity, and energy change after water storage, and control the temperature of the water filling tank 50; the above-mentioned temperature monitor 61, water pressure monitor 63, and flow monitor 62 are arranged in almost unchanged positions during multiple experiments, so they can be integrally formed during the production process of the water storage and energy storage experimental system to avoid the trouble of secondary assembly.

This abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system model can be compared with the actual chamber at a ratio of 1:1000;

In the initial state, the underground chamber simulation components and water storage and pumping components are cleaned and dried;

Analyze the production geological information of the abandoned mine, determine the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arrange the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box 30, and the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone 31 and other physical characteristic parameters; the height, angle and other physical characteristic parameters of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24; it is explained that the position and angle of multiple goaf simulation boxes 30 can be adjusted by the telescopic bracket 16 and the adjustment support 17, and the physical parameters of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 and the crushed stone 31 can be processed manually;

The temperature monitor 61, flow monitor 62, and water pressure monitor 63 in the monitoring component are installed to monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations, and transmit the monitored real-time data to the controller 70;

The controller 70 controls the temperature in the water bath 10 to simulate the formation temperature and controls the temperature in the water injection tank 50 to simulate the water temperature during water storage; the lifting assembly lifts the water injection tank 50 and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 to a suitable position;

When water is stored, the water in the water injection tank 50 flows from the pipe assembly into the multiple tunnel simulation pipes 24 and the corresponding goaf simulation boxes 30 until the multiple goaf simulation boxes 30 are filled with water or the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipes 24 reaches the set pressure; when water is pumped, negative pressure is generated at one end of the pipe assembly and the pumping process is started with the target pumping parameters;

During the water storage and pumping process, the temperature monitor 61, the flow monitor 62, and the water pressure monitor 63 monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations respectively, and transmit the monitoring data to the controller 70;

After completing water storage and pumping, multiple cycle experiments can be carried out under the same environmental conditions to complete the observation experiment of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow velocity and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process. Based on the monitoring data, the abandoned mine water storage and electricity storage efficiency, mine water storage efficiency, abandoned mine water storage and energy storage efficiency and abandoned mine water storage and energy storage utilization efficiency can be calculated.

In the preferred embodiment, the pipe assembly comprises a water storage pipe 22, a water extraction pipe 54, and a three-way solenoid valve and a vacuum pump 53 controlled by a controller 70;

One end of the water storage pipe 22 is located in the simulated air intake well pipe 21, and the other end is connected to the water injection tank 50 through a three-way solenoid valve;

The other port of the three-way solenoid valve flows back to the water injection tank 50 through a water extraction pipe 54, and a vacuum pump 53 is provided on the water extraction pipe 54;

Specifically, the three-way solenoid valve, the vacuum pump 53 and the controller 70 are connected to switch between water storage and water pumping, and control the water storage and pumping flow rate; wherein the controller 70 is used to control the opening size of the three-way solenoid valve through the flow monitor 62. When water is stored, the controller 70 controls the opening of the three-way solenoid valve and the water pumping pipe 54 to be closed; when water is pumped, the controller 70 controls the opening of the three-way solenoid valve between the water storage pipe 22 and the water injection tank 50 to be closed, and the water pumping pipe 54 is opened and the vacuum pump 53 is started.

As explained, at this time, the flow monitors 62 are installed on the water storage pipe 22 and the water pumping pipe 54.

As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , in the preferred embodiment, the middle portion of the goaf simulation box 30 is located at the lower end of the telescopic bracket 16 by adjusting the angle of the support 17;

The adjustment support 17 is a ball hinge structure with a damping structure;

The upper end of the telescopic bracket 16 is mounted on the inner side of the transparent cover plate 13 on the upper part of the water bath box 10;

Specifically, the telescopic support 16 may be a conventional telescopic rod for adjusting the different heights of the multiple goaf simulation boxes 30;

The telescopic bracket 16 and the adjustment support 17 are both made of stainless steel; the adjustment support 17 is located at the lower end of the telescopic bracket 16 and is connected to the goaf simulation box 30, and adopts a ball hinge structure to adjust different angles of multiple goaf simulation boxes 30;

As shown in FIG. 6 , as an embodiment, the adjustment support 17 has a ball rod 171 mounted on the goaf simulation box 30 , and a support seat 172 located at the lower end of the telescopic support 16 ;

The support seat 172 is provided with a blind hole for placing a spring 174 and a threaded adjustment screw 173;

The ball head of the ball rod 171 is rotated and located in the support seat 172, and under the action of the adjusting screw 173, the spring 174 acts on the ball head by squeezing;

That is, the adjusting screw 173 is rotated to compress the spring 174, so that the spring 174 acts on the ball head of the ball rod 171, increases the friction force to achieve the angle positioning of the ball rod 171, that is, to achieve the angle adjustment of the goaf simulation box 30;

An embodiment 1 as an installation of a telescopic bracket 16;

A plurality of transverse guide rails 14 and longitudinal guide rails 15 are provided on the inner side of the transparent cover plate 13;

The cross-sections of the transverse guide rail 14 and the longitudinal guide rail 15 are both T-shaped slide grooves; the support block 18 at the upper end of the telescopic bracket 16 is matched and slidably located in the transverse guide rail 14 or the longitudinal guide rail 15;

Specifically, the support block 18 can move freely in the transverse guide rail 14 and the longitudinal guide rail 15 to ensure the position adjustment of the multiple goaf simulation boxes 30 in the water bath 10;

The transverse guide rail 14 and the longitudinal guide rail 15 may be of a conventional structure, or have a T-shaped slide groove in cross section, and the support block 18 may be able to transition from the transverse guide rail 14 to the longitudinal guide rail 15;

An embodiment 2 as an installation of the telescopic bracket 16;

The transparent cover plate 13 is provided with a plurality of internal thread holes on its inner side;

The support block 18 at the upper end of the telescopic bracket 16 is threadedly mounted with the internal threaded hole;

Specifically, according to the experimental requirements, the telescopic bracket 16 can be threadedly installed on the transparent cover 13 to achieve rapid assembly;

In the preferred embodiment, the crushed stone 31 is ordinary sandstone fragments, and the outside is coated with phenolphthalein liquid;

The water injection tank 50 contains an acidic storage solution; one side of the water bath 10 is a transparent plate, and a camera for recording the color distribution characteristics of the gravel 31 under different water storage parameters is provided on the corresponding outer side;

Specifically, when the acidic water storage solution in the water injection box 50 enters the multiple tunnel simulation pipes 24 and the corresponding goaf simulation box 30 from the water storage pipe 22, the acidic water storage solution contacts the phenolphthalein crushed stone 31, causing the crushed stone 31 to turn red;

The camera on the outside records the color change distribution characteristics of the gravel 31 under different water storage parameter conditions to facilitate personnel to observe the flow of water into multiple goaf simulation boxes 30.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in a preferred embodiment, the lifting assembly comprises a vertically arranged suspension rod 41 , a pulley 43 rotatably located at the upper end of the suspension rod 41 , and a suspension rope 42 ;

One end of the suspension rope 42 is connected to the return air shaft simulation pipe 25 or the water injection box 50, and the other end is wound around the outside of the pulley 43 and then connected to the suspension rod 41;

Specifically, the suspension rod 41 is made of seamless steel pipe, which is welded to the steel frame of the water bath 10, the pulley 43 is made of cast iron, and the suspension rope 42 is made of steel wire rope;

Preferably, the water filling box 50 can be slidably located on the suspension rod 41, and the suspension rod 41 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes arranged up and down, and one end of the suspension rope 42 is fixed in the positioning hole to adjust the height of the water filling box 50; or the suspension rod 41 is provided with a slide groove arranged up and down, and a positioning slider is matched in the slide groove, and the bolt is threadedly installed on the positioning slider, and the positioning slider is locked in the slide groove. This method can realize the adjustment of various heights of the water filling box 50;

Correspondingly, the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 can adopt the same lifting structure.

Example 1

When simulating an abandoned mine pumped storage power station experiment, the abandoned mine water storage energy storage experimental system specifically includes the following steps:

S1, cleaning and drying the underground chamber simulation components and the water storage and pumping components, applying litmus solution on the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, and drying;

S2, analyzing the production geological information of the abandoned mine, determining the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arranging the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box 30, and the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone 31 and other physical characteristic parameters; the height, angle and other physical characteristic parameters of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24;

A flow monitor 62 is installed in the monitoring component to monitor the flow at different locations and transmit the monitored real-time data to the controller 70;

S3, the water bath 10 is kept dry; the acidic solution is stored in the water injection tank 50;

The lifting assembly lifts the water injection box 50 and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 to a suitable position, and records the average height difference between the water bath box 10 and the tunnel simulation pipeline as h;

S4, the three-way solenoid valve is started, with the target flow rate During the first water storage, an abandoned mine water storage simulation was conducted, and the flow rate at each monitoring point was monitored in real time to calculate the water storage volume;

Specifically, the water storage time is , the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 is , then the calculation formula for real-time water storage is:

The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy reduction of abandoned mine water storage is:

in, is the density of water in the water filling tank 50 during the water storage process, is the acceleration due to gravity;

The calculation formula for real-time electricity generation by water storage is:

in, is the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy to electrical energy during water storage;

When water is stored, the water in the water injection tank 50 enters the multiple tunnel simulation pipes 24 and the corresponding goaf simulation box 30 from the pipe assembly. When the acidic storage water comes into contact with the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, the gravel 31 will turn red. The color change distribution characteristics of the gravel 31 under different water storage parameter conditions are recorded by the camera.

S5, when the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 meets After that, stop storing water and wait for it to stabilize. After the time, the controller 70 controls the pumping pipe 54 to open, and then starts the pumping process with the target pumping parameters;

Specifically, the pumping flow rate is , the pumping time is , the calculation formula of real-time pumping volume is:

The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy increase of abandoned mine pumping volume is:

The calculation formula for the electric energy consumed by pumping water is:

in, It is the ratio of the power consumption to the increase of water potential energy during the pumping process;

The calculation formula for the energy efficiency of water storage and electricity storage in abandoned mines is:

S6, repeating steps S1-S5 to complete the simulation experiment of abandoned mine pumped storage power station under multiple cycles;

Drain all liquids in the water injection tank 50 and the underground chamber simulation components, clean the experimental equipment, and analyze the relationship between the number of cycles and the efficiency of water and electricity storage in abandoned mines;

It is noted that when multiple cycle experiments are carried out, the average value of the abandoned mine water storage and electricity energy efficiency is taken as the final abandoned mine water storage and electricity energy efficiency under this parameter cycle.

Example 2

When simulating an abandoned mine water storage heat/cold storage experiment, the abandoned mine water storage energy storage experimental system specifically includes the following steps:

S1, cleaning and drying the underground chamber simulation components and the water storage and pumping components, applying litmus solution on the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, and drying;

S2, analyzing the production geological information of the abandoned mine, determining the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arranging the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box 30, and the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone 31 and other physical characteristic parameters; the height, angle and other physical characteristic parameters of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24;

The temperature monitor 61, flow monitor 62, and water pressure monitor 63 in the monitoring component are installed to monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations, and transmit the monitored real-time data to the controller 70;

S3, the water bath 10 is filled with tap water, the temperature of the water bath 10 is changed at a temperature flow rate of + 5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target formation temperature, and the temperature is kept constant for one hour, indicating that when the temperature changes at + 5°C/h, the abandoned mine water storage heat storage experiment is carried out, and when the temperature changes at -5°C/h, the abandoned mine water storage cold storage experiment is carried out;

The acidic solution is stored in the water injection tank 50, and the temperature of the water injection tank 50 is changed at a temperature change rate of +5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target water storage initial temperature, and the constant temperature is maintained for one hour;

The lifting assembly lifts the water injection box 50 and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 to a suitable height;

S4, the three-way solenoid valve is started, with the target flow rate During the first water storage, an abandoned mine water storage simulation was conducted, and the water pressure, temperature, and flow rate of each monitoring point were monitored in real time to calculate the water storage volume;

Specifically, the water storage temperature is , water storage time is but

The calculation formula for real-time water storage is:

The calculation formula for real-time water storage heat/cold capacity is:

in, is the acceleration due to gravity; , Separately for the moment The corresponding temperature is The specific heat capacity and density of water in the water injection tank 50. When the acidic water storage solution comes into contact with the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, the gravel 31 will turn red. The color change distribution characteristics of the gravel 31 under different water storage parameters are recorded by a camera;

S5, when the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 meets After that, stop storing water and wait for it to stabilize. After the time, the controller 70 controls the port of the three-way solenoid valve located at the pumping pipe 54 to open, and then starts the pumping process with the target pumping parameters, records the water pressure, water temperature, and flow rate of each monitoring point during the pumping process, and calculates the pumped volume and the energy difference after the water is stored;

Specifically, the pumping flow rate is , the pumping time is , the pumping water temperature is , the calculation formula of real-time pumping volume is:

The calculation formula for the real-time heat/cold capacity of abandoned mine water pumping is:

in, , They are The corresponding temperature at that moment is The specific heat capacity and density of the water in the water injection tank 50;

The calculation formula for the heat/cooling capacity of abandoned mine water storage after utilization during the pumping period is:

The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount of abandoned mine water pumped out after utilization in the pumping time period is:

in, The average temperature of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after water extraction;

is the average specific heat capacity of water in the local season when utilizing the heat/cold of the abandoned mine after pumping;

is the average water density of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after pumping;

The calculation formula for the heat/cold capacity that can be used in the abandoned mine water storage during the pumping period is:

The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount that can be used by the abandoned mine pumping volume during the pumping time period is:

The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is:

The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is:

The calculation formula for the utilization efficiency of abandoned mine water storage energy is:

S6, repeating steps S1-S5 to complete the abandoned mine water storage heat/cold simulation experiment under multiple cycles;

Drain all liquids in the water injection tank 50 and the underground chamber simulation components, clean the experimental equipment, and analyze the relationship between the number of cycles and the abandoned mine water storage efficiency, the abandoned mine water storage energy storage efficiency, and the abandoned mine water storage energy storage utilization efficiency;

It is shown that when multiple cycle experiments are carried out, the average value of the abandoned mine water storage efficiency, the average value of the abandoned mine water storage energy storage efficiency, and the average value of the abandoned mine water storage energy storage utilization efficiency can be calculated.

Example 3

When simulating the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process of abandoned mines, the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system specifically includes the following steps:

S1, cleaning and drying the underground chamber simulation components and the water storage and pumping components, applying litmus solution on the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, and drying;

S2, analyzing the production geological information of the abandoned mine, determining the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arranging the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box 30, and the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone 31 and other physical characteristic parameters; the height, angle and other physical characteristic parameters of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24;

The temperature monitor 61, flow monitor 62, and water pressure monitor 63 in the monitoring component are installed to monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations, and transmit the monitored real-time data to the controller 70;

S3, the water bath 10 is filled with tap water, the temperature of the water bath 10 is changed at a temperature flow rate of + 5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target formation temperature, and the temperature is kept constant for one hour, indicating that when the temperature changes at + 5°C/h, the abandoned mine water storage heat storage experiment is carried out, and when the temperature changes at -5°C/h, the abandoned mine water storage cold storage experiment is carried out;

The acidic solution is stored in the water injection tank 50, and the temperature of the water injection tank 50 is changed at a temperature change rate of + 5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target water storage initial temperature, and the constant temperature is maintained for one hour;

The lifting assembly lifts the water injection box 50 and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline 25 to a suitable height;

S4, the three-way solenoid valve is started, with the target flow rate and target temperature Carry out the first water storage, simulate the water storage of abandoned mines, monitor the water pressure, temperature, flow rate of each monitoring point in real time and calculate the water storage volume;

Specifically, the water storage time is , the calculation formula of real-time water storage capacity is:

The simulated pipe temperature of the wind shaft is , water pressure is , the temperature of the simulated return air well pipe 25 is , water pressure is , the temperature of the simulated tunnel pipeline 24 is , water pressure is , the temperature of the goaf simulation box 30 is , water pressure is , when the acidic water storage solution contacts the gravel 31 in the goaf simulation box 30, the gravel 31 will turn red, and the color change distribution characteristics of the gravel 31 under different water storage parameters are recorded by the camera;

S5, when the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipeline 24 meets After that, stop storing water and wait for the stabilization time After that, the controller 70 controls the port of the three-way solenoid valve located at the pumping pipe 54 to open, and then starts the pumping process with the target pumping parameters, records the water pressure, water temperature, and flow rate of each monitoring point during the pumping process, and calculates the energy difference of the pumped volume water before and after water storage;

Specifically, the pumping flow rate is , the pumping time is , the calculation formula of real-time pumping volume is:

S6, repeating steps S1-S5 to complete the observation experiment of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage process under multiple cycles;

S7, drain all liquids in the water bath 10, the water injection tank 50, and the underground chamber simulation component, change the temperature and water injection flow rate in the water injection tank 50, repeat steps S1-S6, and complete the observation experiment of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the abandoned mine water storage process under different water injection temperatures and water injection flow rates

Finally, all liquids in the water injection tank 50 and the underground chamber simulation components are drained, the experimental equipment is cleaned, and the relationship between the temperature and pressure of the underground chamber and the storage and extraction time is statistically analyzed to provide data support for the study of the stability analysis of the surrounding rock of the underground chamber of the abandoned mine water storage and energy storage under cyclic load.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system, characterized by comprising: A water bath (10), a sealed box used to simulate formation temperature; An underground chamber simulation component comprises an air intake shaft simulation pipeline (21), an air return shaft simulation pipeline (25), a tunnel simulation pipeline (24), and a goaf simulation box (30) having gravel (31) inside; One end of the air intake shaft simulation pipeline (21) is fixed on the water injection box (50), and the other end is connected to a plurality of tunnel simulation pipelines (24); each tunnel simulation pipeline (24) is connected to a corresponding goaf simulation box (30), and a water-permeable gasket (32) is provided at the connection; the goaf simulation box (30) is suspended inside the water bath box (10) at different angles and positions; One end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline (25) is connected to the goaf simulation box (30); A water storage and pumping component, comprising a water injection box (50) simulating the water storage temperature, and a pipe assembly for storing and pumping water, one end of which is movable and located in a simulated pipe (21) of an air intake well; The water injection box (50) and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline (25) are both adjusted in height by a lifting assembly; A monitoring component having a temperature monitor (61), a flow monitor (62), and a water pressure monitor (63) connected to a controller (70); The temperature monitor (61) is arranged on the water bath box (10), the water injection box (50) and the underground chamber simulation component, and is used to monitor the water temperature at different positions; the flow monitor (62) is arranged on the pipe assembly, and is used to monitor the flow of water storage and pumping; the water pressure monitor (63) is arranged on the underground chamber simulation component, and is used to monitor the water pressure at different positions; The pipe assembly comprises a water storage pipe (22), a water extraction pipe (54), and a three-way solenoid valve and a vacuum pump (53) controlled by a controller (70); One end of the water storage pipe (22) is located in the air intake well simulation pipeline (21), and the other end is connected to the water injection tank (50) through a three-way solenoid valve; The other port of the three-way solenoid valve flows back into the water injection tank (50) through a water extraction pipe (54), and a vacuum pump (53) is provided on the water extraction pipe (54); The middle part of the goaf simulation box (30) is located at the lower end of the telescopic bracket (16) by adjusting the angle of the support (17); The adjusting support (17) is a ball hinge structure with a damping structure; The upper end of the telescopic bracket (16) is mounted on the inner side of the transparent cover plate (13) on the upper part of the water bath box (10); The adjusting support (17) comprises a ball rod (171) mounted on the goaf simulation box (30), and a supporting seat (172) located at the lower end of the telescopic support (16); The support seat (172) is provided with a blind hole for placing a spring (174) and a threaded adjustment screw (173); The ball head of the ball rod (171) is rotatably located in the support seat (172), and under the action of the adjusting screw rod (173), the spring (174) acts on the ball head by squeezing. 2. An abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of transverse guide rails (14) and longitudinal guide rails (15) are provided on the inner side of the transparent cover plate (13); The cross sections of the transverse guide rail (14) and the longitudinal guide rail (15) are both T-shaped slide grooves; a support block (18) is provided at the upper end of the telescopic bracket (16), and the support block (18) slides in the transverse guide rail (14) or the longitudinal guide rail (15). 3. The abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of internal threaded holes are provided on the inner side of the transparent cover plate (13); The support block (18) at the upper end of the telescopic bracket (16) is threadedly mounted with the internal thread hole. 4. The abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushed stone (31) is sandstone fragments and is coated with litmus liquid on the outside; The water injection box (50) contains an acidic water solution; one side of the water bath box (10) is a transparent plate, and a camera for recording the color change distribution characteristics of the gravel (31) under different water storage parameter conditions is provided on the corresponding outer side. 5. The abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting assembly comprises a vertically arranged suspension rod (41), a pulley (43) rotating at the upper end of the suspension rod (41), and a suspension rope (42); One end of the suspension rope (42) is connected to the return air shaft simulation pipeline (25) or the water injection box (50), and the other end is wound around the outside of the pulley (43) and then connected to the suspension rod (41). 6. An abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental method according to claim 4, characterized in that it specifically comprises the following steps: S1, cleaning and drying the underground chamber simulation components and the water storage and pumping components, applying litmus solution on the gravel (31) in the goaf simulation box (30), and drying; S2, analyzing the production geological information of the abandoned mine, determining the size, spatial geometric position and damage status of each mining chamber in the mine, and arranging the underground chamber simulation components, including the size, position and angle of the goaf simulation box (30), and the gradation and quantity of the internal crushed stone (31); the height and angle of the tunnel simulation pipeline (24); Installing a temperature monitor (61), a flow monitor (62), and a water pressure monitor (63) in the monitoring component to monitor the temperature, flow, and water pressure at different locations, and transmitting the monitored real-time data to the controller (70); S3, storing the slightly acidic solution in a water injection tank (50); The lifting assembly lifts the water injection box (50) and the other end of the return air shaft simulation pipeline (25) to a suitable position, and records the average height difference between the water bath box (10) and the tunnel simulation pipeline as h; S4, when water is stored, the three-way solenoid valve is activated to flow at the target flow rate Time is The first water storage was to simulate the water storage in abandoned mines and monitor the water pressure, temperature and flow rate of each monitoring point in real time; The calculation formula for real-time water storage capacity is: The water in the water injection tank (50) flows from the water storage pipe (22) into a plurality of tunnel simulation pipes (24) and a corresponding goaf simulation box (30). When the acidic water storage solution contacts the gravel (31) in the goaf simulation box (30), the gravel (31) turns red. The color change distribution characteristics of the gravel (31) under different water storage parameter conditions are recorded by a camera. When the water storage pressure of the tunnel simulation pipeline (24) satisfies After that, the water storage is stopped. After a certain period of stabilization, the controller (70) controls the port of the three-way electromagnetic valve located at the water pumping pipe (54) to open, and then the target flow rate is set as Time is During the first pumping, simulate the pumping of abandoned mines and record the water pressure, water temperature and flow rate at each monitoring point during the pumping process; The calculation formula for real-time pumping volume is: S5, when conducting a simulation experiment of an abandoned mine pumped storage power station, the water bath (10) is kept dry before water is stored; The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy reduction of abandoned mine water storage is: Wherein, ρ is the density of water in the water filling tank (50) during the water storage process, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; The calculation formula for real-time electricity generation by water storage is: Among them, η _QE is the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy to electrical energy during water storage; The calculation formula for the real-time potential energy increase of abandoned mine pumping volume is: The calculation formula for the electric energy consumed by pumping water is: Among them, η _EQ is the ratio of the power consumption of water pumping to the increase of water potential energy during the pumping process; The calculation formula for the water storage and electricity storage efficiency of abandoned mines is: When simulating the abandoned mine water storage heat/cold experiment, the water bath (10) is filled with tap water before water storage, and the temperature of the water bath (10) and the water injection tank (50) are changed at a certain temperature to simulate the formation temperature and the initial temperature of the water storage; The calculation formula for the real-time heat/cold storage capacity of abandoned mines is: Where g is the acceleration due to gravity; They are The corresponding temperature at that moment is The specific heat capacity and density of water in the water injection tank (50); The calculation formula for the real-time heat/cold capacity of abandoned mine water pumping is: in, They are The corresponding temperature at that moment is The specific heat capacity and density of water in the water injection tank (50); The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount of abandoned mine water storage after utilization during the pumping period is: The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount of abandoned mine water pumped out after utilization in the pumping time period is: in, The average temperature of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after water extraction; is the average specific heat capacity of water in the local season when utilizing the heat/cold of the abandoned mine after pumping; is the average water density of the local season when the heat/cold of the abandoned mine is utilized after pumping; The calculation formula for the heat/cold capacity that can be used in the abandoned mine water storage during the pumping period is: The calculation formula for the heat/cold amount that can be used by the abandoned mine pumping volume during the pumping time period is: The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is: The calculation formula for the water storage efficiency of abandoned mines is: The calculation formula for the utilization efficiency of abandoned mine water storage energy is: When simulating the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process of the abandoned mine, the water bath (10) is filled with tap water before water storage, and the temperature of the water bath (10) and the temperature of the water injection tank (50) are changed at a certain temperature to simulate the formation temperature and the initial temperature of water storage; The simulated pipe temperature of the wind shaft is Water pressure is The temperature of the simulated return air shaft duct (25) is Water pressure is The temperature of the tunnel simulation pipeline (24) is Water pressure is The temperature of the goaf simulation box (30) is Water pressure is The measured temperature, water pressure and flow rate are collected to obtain the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process of the abandoned mine; S6, repeating steps S1-S5 to complete multiple simulation experiments in multiple cycles; S7, when simulating the experiment of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process in the abandoned mine, all liquids in the water bath (10), the water injection tank (50) and the underground chamber simulation components are discharged, the temperature and water injection flow rate in the water injection tank (50) are changed, and steps S1-S6 are repeated to complete the observation experiment of the changing characteristics of water pressure, flow rate and temperature in the underground chamber during the water storage and energy storage process in the abandoned mine under different water injection temperatures and water injection flow rates. 7. An abandoned mine water storage and energy storage experimental method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in step S5, the temperature of the water bath (10) is changed by +5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target formation temperature, and the temperature is kept constant for one hour; The temperature of the water injection tank (50) changes at +5°C/h or -5°C/h to simulate the target water storage initial temperature, and is kept constant for one hour.