CN117388725B - Early abnormality early warning method based on expansion force of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Early abnormality early warning method based on expansion force of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009784 over-discharge test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009783 overcharge test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an early-stage abnormality early-warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery, which belongs to the technical field of energy storage battery safety and comprises the following steps of: determining abnormal conditions (overcharge, overdischarge, thermal runaway, etc.) of the lithium ion battery; determining a battery expansion force change threshold value and an expansion force change rate; and a safety pre-warning strategy of the battery. The early-stage abnormal early warning system based on the lithium ion battery expansion force comprises an expansion force acquisition device, a main control unit, an alarm device and a fire-fighting device, wherein the expansion force acquisition device detects battery expansion force parameters and sends the battery expansion force parameters to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the alarm device and the fire-fighting device to work according to a lithium ion battery safety early warning strategy.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery safety, in particular to an early abnormality early warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high specific energy, long service life, environmental protection, high charging speed and the like, and is vigorously developed in the energy storage field. However, the large-scale application of the lithium ion battery is severely restricted due to abnormal accidents caused by the unreasonable use or misuse of the lithium ion battery. In various abusive conditions, thermal runaway of the battery may be caused due to electric abuse (overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit, etc.), thermal abuse or severe use conditions (high temperature, low temperature, high current, high power), resulting in safety accidents, and therefore, certain measures must be taken to prevent possible safety accidents during the use of the lithium ion battery. The thermal runaway mechanism of lithium ion batteries is complex and has a number of significant features. Most of the conventional fire early warning methods used in the prior lithium battery thermal runaway early warning methods by flame, smoke, temperature sensor and the like only send out an alarm to early warn after the battery thermal runaway occurs to a certain scale, and have serious hysteresis. At present, a certain short plate exists in the relatively used wide early warning methods such as temperature sensors, voltage sensors, gas monitoring and the like.
Lithium batteries can generate a large amount of lithium dendrites and lithium plating inside under overcharge, thermal runaway, etc., which can cause a large external force in the module and even break the casing, and this abnormal condition is often earlier than gas discharge, especially in soft-pack batteries, which is more pronounced. In practical applications of the battery pack, the expansion force is transferred to the clamp in the form of a stress topology with better robustness than the voltage even though the batteries are connected in series and parallel. The invention aims to give out a safety alarm for early abnormality of a lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of early abnormal condition diagnosis of the existing lithium ion battery and provides an early abnormal early warning method based on the expansion force of the lithium ion battery. The method comprises the steps of determining a battery expansion force change threshold and an expansion force change rate threshold by carrying out charge-discharge, overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway experiments on a specific lithium ion battery, setting a corresponding battery safety early warning strategy and fire-fighting measures, realizing early warning on abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway of the battery in advance due to the change of the battery expansion force, and removing early safety faults through the fire-fighting measures
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an early abnormality early warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a lithium ion battery to perform charge and discharge circulation, and introducing abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge, thermal runaway and the like;
s2, monitoring the abnormal state in the S1 by using an mechanical sensor, wherein the monitoring mainly comprises the following steps: the upper limit and the lower limit of the expansion force under the normal circulation state of the battery are respectively F up,Flow, and the maximum change rate of the expansion force in the charge and discharge process is set as The maximum rate of change of the expansion force during overcharge is set toThe rate of change of the expansion force during overdischarge is 0 as a threshold value, i.eThe expansion force at the initial temperature of thermal runaway was set to F TR, and the expansion force change rate was set toThe exhaust behavior during thermal runaway of the battery corresponds to an expansion force change rate of 0.
S3, the mechanical sensor collects an expansion force signal to a main control unit, and the main control unit controls an alarm and fire protection system to remove early anomalies through an alarm strategy;
further, the step S1 includes the following substeps:
S11: constructing a test platform for simulating faults, and collecting expansion force signals in the test platform;
S12: and (3) performing charge and discharge cycles, overcharge tests, overdischarge tests and thermal runaway tests on the lithium ion batteries in the test platform.
Further, the step S2 includes the following substeps:
s21, data measurement, namely pre-loading mechanical sensors (such as strain gauges and force sensors) before the battery is subjected to the experiment in S12, wherein the sensors are connected with data acquisition equipment, and then, the battery is subjected to the experiment in S12 to obtain continuous expansion force data;
S22, data processing, namely correcting the initial expansion force data obtained in the S21 to eliminate interference signals;
S23, determining a threshold value, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the expansion force of the battery in a normal circulation state are respectively F up,Flow; the maximum change rate of the expansion force during the charge and discharge is set as The maximum rate of change of the expansion force during overcharge is set toWhen the expansion force change rate in the overdischarge process is 0, the threshold value of severe overdischarge is set, namelySevere overdischarge occurs; the expansion force at the initial temperature of thermal runaway was set to F TR, and the expansion force change rate was set toWhen the exhaust phenomenon occurs, it means that thermal runaway of the battery has occurred, and the expansion force change rate is 0.
Wherein the expansion force derivation can be simplified as
Where F n+1,Fn represents the n+1th, n-th sampling, Δt represents the sampling interval, and since the rate of change of the expansion force is calculated in accordance with the sampling frequency, when the rate of change threshold of the expansion force is set to zero, that isA problem of zero loss may occur, and thus, a new judgment formula is introduced through judgment of the zero theorem (Existence Theorem of Zero Points) at the zero point:
Further, the step S3 includes the following substeps: the main control unit judges the working state of the lithium ion battery and starts corresponding early warning and fire-fighting measures, and the method specifically comprises the following steps of
(1) When F low＜F＜Fup, the battery unit is in a normal working state
(2) When F up＜F＜＜FTR andWhen the battery is overcharged, the alarm unit sends out an overcharge alarm signal, and the first-level early warning is started; when (when)When the battery is in a severe overcharged state, the risk of thermal runaway occurs, and the secondary early warning is started
(3) When F is smaller than F low, the overdischarge phenomenon of the battery is shown, and the primary early warning is started; when the zero point exists in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, the fact that the battery is subjected to severe overdischarge phenomenon is indicated, the secondary early warning is started, and the service life capacity of the battery is reduced due to severe overdischarge, so that a new battery module needs to be replaced.
(4) When F > F up andThe battery is shown to generate local severe overheat, and three-level early warning is sent out; when F > F TR, the battery temperature is shown to reach the initial temperature of thermal runaway; when judging that zero point does not exist in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, indicating that the temperature of the battery is continuously rising, and starting four-stage early warning after internal side reaction; when the zero point exists in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, the battery is judged to have the exhaust phenomenon, the thermal runaway is generated, and the five-stage early warning is started.
Further, the first-level early warning, the second-level early warning, the third-level early warning, the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning are sent out through the flashing of the warning indicator lamp, and the buzzer sounds during the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning;
the primary fire-fighting measures are as follows: powering off the battery monomer and overhauling the battery monomer;
The secondary fire-fighting measures are as follows: the battery module is powered off, the fault is removed, and the fault battery is replaced;
The three-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: starting a fan to dissipate heat, and rapidly cooling the whole module;
The four-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fan continuously works and cools, and flame retardant is sprayed to the faulty battery monomer;
The five-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fire extinguishing agent nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery monomer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides an early-stage abnormality early-warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that a specific lithium ion battery is subjected to color charge and discharge, overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway experiments, a battery expansion force change threshold value and an expansion force change rate threshold value are determined, corresponding battery safety early-warning strategies and fire-fighting measures are set, early warning on abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway of the battery is realized in advance through the change of the expansion force of the battery, and early-stage safety faults are eliminated through the fire-fighting measures.
The method of the invention has three advantages: firstly, compared with the traditional early warning mode, the early warning method has the advantages that the threshold value is set by means of the battery expansion force to perform early warning, and timeliness and reliability are good; secondly, the invention can test the early warning safety of various abnormal conditions through one set of device, reduces the space occupation, improves the monitoring range, greatly reduces the cost and is convenient to integrate into a lithium ion battery thermal management system; thirdly, the algorithm is simple, and the early warning of various abnormalities of the lithium ion battery is realized only through simple difference quotient operation and threshold setting.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
FIG. 1 is a graph of expansion force, rate of change of force, and voltage change during overcharge of a lithium ion battery;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the expansion force, the rate of change of force, and the voltage during overdischarge of a lithium ion battery;
FIG. 3 is a graph of expansion force, rate of change of force, and temperature change during thermal runaway of a lithium ion battery;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of early abnormality early warning based on the expansion force of the lithium ion battery.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in the figure, the early abnormality early warning method based on the expansion force of the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a lithium ion battery to perform charge and discharge circulation, and introducing abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge, thermal runaway and the like;
S11: constructing a test platform for simulating faults, and collecting expansion force signals in the test platform;
S12: and (3) performing charge and discharge cycles, overcharge tests, overdischarge tests and thermal runaway tests on the lithium ion batteries in the test platform.
S2, monitoring the abnormal state in the S1 by using an mechanical sensor, wherein the monitoring mainly comprises the following steps: the upper limit and the lower limit of the expansion force under the normal circulation state of the battery are respectively F up,Flow, and the maximum change rate of the expansion force in the charge and discharge process is set as
As shown in fig. 1, the maximum rate of change of the expansion force during the overcharge is set to
As shown in FIG. 2, the rate of change of the expansion force during overdischarge is 0 as a threshold, i.e
As shown in FIG. 3, the expansion force at the initial temperature of thermal runaway is set to F TR, and the expansion force change rate is set toThe exhaust behavior during thermal runaway of the battery corresponds to an expansion force change rate of 0.
Wherein the expansion force derivation can be simplified as
Where F n+1,Fn represents the n+1th, n-th sampling, Δt represents the sampling interval, and since the rate of change of the expansion force is calculated in accordance with the sampling frequency, when the rate of change threshold of the expansion force is set to zero, that isA problem of zero loss may occur, and thus, a new judgment formula is introduced through judgment of the zero theorem (Existence Theorem of Zero Points) at the zero point:
S3, the mechanical sensor collects an expansion force signal to a main control unit, the main control unit controls an alarm and fire protection system to remove early anomalies through an alarm strategy, the main control unit judges the working state of the lithium ion battery and starts corresponding early warning and fire protection measures, and the method specifically comprises the following steps of
(1) When F low＜F＜Fup, the battery unit is in a normal working state
(2) When F up＜F＜＜FTR andWhen the battery is overcharged, the alarm unit sends out an overcharge alarm signal, and the first-level early warning is started; when (when)When the battery is in a severe overcharged state, the risk of thermal runaway occurs, and the secondary early warning is started
(3) When F is smaller than F low, the overdischarge phenomenon of the battery is shown, and the primary early warning is started; when the zero point exists in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, the fact that the battery is subjected to severe overdischarge phenomenon is indicated, the secondary early warning is started, and the service life capacity of the battery is reduced due to severe overdischarge, so that a new battery module needs to be replaced.
(4) When F > F up andThe battery is shown to generate local severe overheat, and three-level early warning is sent out; when F > F TR, the battery temperature is shown to reach the initial temperature of thermal runaway; when judging that zero point does not exist in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, indicating that the temperature of the battery is continuously rising, and starting four-stage early warning after internal side reaction; when the zero point exists in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, the battery is judged to have the exhaust phenomenon, the thermal runaway is generated, and the five-stage early warning is started.
Specifically, the first-level early warning, the second-level early warning, the third-level early warning, the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning are sent out through the flashing of the warning indicator lamp, and the buzzer sounds during the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning;
the primary fire-fighting measures are as follows: powering off the battery monomer and overhauling the battery monomer;
The secondary fire-fighting measures are as follows: the battery module is powered off, the fault is removed, and the fault battery is replaced;
The three-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: starting a fan to dissipate heat, and rapidly cooling the whole module;
The four-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fan continuously works and cools, and flame retardant is sprayed to the faulty battery monomer;
The five-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fire extinguishing agent nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery monomer.
In summary, the invention provides an early-stage abnormality early-warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the steps of determining a battery expansion force change threshold and an expansion force change rate threshold by carrying out color charge and discharge, overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway experiments on a specific lithium ion battery, setting a corresponding battery safety early-warning strategy and fire-fighting measures, realizing early warning on abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway of the battery in advance by changing the expansion force of the battery, and eliminating early-stage safety faults by the fire-fighting measures. The early warning method provided by the invention sets the threshold value to early warn by means of the battery expansion force, has good timeliness and reliability, can monitor various abnormal conditions, has higher safety, and has very obvious practical value.
Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It should be understood that the present application is not limited to experimental data of overcharge, overdischarge, thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery in the drawings and precise data shown in the drawings, since various battery materials, sizes, and accuracy of mechanical sensors may all cause variation in measurement of residual values for respective threshold values in actual use, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. An early abnormality early warning method based on the expansion force of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1: selecting a lithium ion battery to perform charge and discharge circulation, and introducing an overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway abnormal state;
s2: monitoring the abnormal state in S1 using an forceful sensor, comprising: the upper limit and the lower limit of the expansion force under the normal circulation state of the battery are respectively F up,Flow, and the maximum change rate of the expansion force in the charge and discharge process is set as The maximum rate of change of the expansion force during overcharge is set toThe rate of change of the expansion force during overdischarge is 0 as a threshold value, i.eThe expansion force at the initial temperature of thermal runaway was set to F TR, and the expansion force change rate was set toThe exhaust behavior during thermal runaway of the battery corresponds to an expansion force change rate of 0;
S3: the mechanical sensor acquires an expansion force signal to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the alarm and fire protection system to remove early anomalies through an alarm strategy;
step S2 comprises the following sub-steps:
S21: data measurement, pre-loading a mechanical sensor before the experiment in the step S12 on the battery, connecting the sensor with data acquisition equipment, and then performing the experiment in the step S12 on the battery to obtain continuous expansion force data;
S22: data processing, namely correcting the initial expansion force data obtained in the step S21 to eliminate interference signals;
S23: the threshold value is determined, the upper limit and the lower limit of the expansion force in the normal circulation state of the battery are respectively F up,Flow, and the maximum change rate of the expansion force in the charge and discharge process is set as The maximum rate of change of the expansion force during overcharge is set toThe rate of change of the expansion force during overdischarge is 0 as a threshold value, i.eThe expansion force at the initial temperature of thermal runaway was set to F TR, and the expansion force change rate was set toSetting a change rate of expansion force corresponding to the exhaust behavior of the lithium ion battery as 0 as a threshold value in the thermal runaway process;
Wherein the expansion force derivation can be simplified as
Where F n+1,Fn represents the n+1th, n-th sampling, Δt represents the sampling interval, and since the rate of change of the expansion force is calculated in accordance with the sampling frequency, when the rate of change threshold of the expansion force is set to zero, that isA problem of zero loss may occur, and thus, the judgment at zero by the zero theorem Existence Theorem of Zero Points introduces a new judgment formula:
The main control unit judges the working state of the lithium ion battery and starts corresponding early warning and fire-fighting measures, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when F low＜F＜Fup, the battery monomer is in a normal working state;
When F up＜F＜＜FTR and When the battery is overcharged, the alarm unit sends out an overcharge alarm signal, and the first-level early warning is started; when (when)When the battery enters a severe overcharged state, the risk of thermal runaway exists, and secondary early warning is started;
When F is smaller than F low, the overdischarge phenomenon of the battery is shown, and the primary early warning is started; when judging that zero exists in the sampling time t and t+1 through the formula P, the serious overdischarge phenomenon of the battery is shown, the secondary early warning is started, and the service life capacity of the battery is reduced due to the serious overdischarge, so that a new battery module needs to be replaced;
when F > F up and The battery is shown to generate local severe overheat, and three-level early warning is sent out; when F > F TR, the battery temperature is shown to reach the initial temperature of thermal runaway; when judging that zero point does not exist in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, indicating that the temperature of the battery is continuously rising, and starting four-stage early warning after internal side reaction; when judging that zero exists in the sampling time (t, t+1) through the formula P, indicating that the battery has exhaust phenomenon, generating thermal runaway, and starting five-stage early warning;
The first-level early warning, the second-level early warning, the third-level early warning, the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning are sent out through flashing of an alarm indicator lamp, and the buzzer sounds during the fourth-level early warning and the fifth-level early warning;
the primary fire-fighting measures are as follows: powering off the battery monomer and overhauling the battery monomer;
The secondary fire-fighting measures are as follows: the battery module is powered off, the fault is removed, and the fault battery is replaced;
The three-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: starting a fan to dissipate heat, and rapidly cooling the whole module;
The four-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fan continuously works and cools, and flame retardant is sprayed to the faulty battery monomer;
The five-stage fire-fighting measures are as follows: the fire extinguishing agent nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery monomer.
2. The early abnormality early warning method based on the expansion force of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:
S11: constructing a test platform for simulating faults, and collecting expansion force signals in the test platform;
S12: and (3) performing charge and discharge cycles, overcharge tests, overdischarge tests and thermal runaway tests on the lithium ion batteries in the test platform.
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