CN117177726A - 用于吸收制品中的涌流保护的吸收纤网 - Google Patents
用于吸收制品中的涌流保护的吸收纤网 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117177726A CN117177726A CN202280027382.XA CN202280027382A CN117177726A CN 117177726 A CN117177726 A CN 117177726A CN 202280027382 A CN202280027382 A CN 202280027382A CN 117177726 A CN117177726 A CN 117177726A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- less
- nonwoven web
- polymer
- absorbent article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims description 110
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 313
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001283 Polyalkylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
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- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N isomaltotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)O1 FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
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- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
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- A61F13/53743—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
- A61F13/53747—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer is facing the topsheet
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/5376—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the performance of the layer, e.g. acquisition rate, distribution time, transfer time
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/413—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing granules other than absorbent substances
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
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Abstract
本发明公开了具有极好的流体处理特征的非织造纤网。所述非织造纤网由粘合纤维和结构纤维的组合制成。所述结构纤维由多组分中空纤维制成。所述结构纤维包括第一聚合物组分区,所述第一聚合物组分区与围绕所述纤维的圆周的第二聚合物组分区交替出现。所述第一聚合物组分区由熔化温度低于包含于所述第二聚合物组分区中的聚合物的聚合物制成。通过这种方式,所述纤维具有三维构象,所述三维构象在所述非织造纤网内产生大量空隙体积。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于并要求2021年4月16日提交的美国临时专利申请序列号63/175,871的优先权,该临时专利申请以引用的方式并入本文。
背景技术
个人护理吸收产品的理想性能目标包括来自产品的低渗漏和给予穿戴者的干爽感觉。然而,吸收制品常常在产品的总吸收容量被利用之前失效。吸收性服装(诸如失禁服装)和一次性尿布通常在腿部和腰部渗漏。渗漏可能是由于产品中的多种缺陷造成的,其中之一是吸收系统吸收的流体不足,尤其是在第二次或第三次液体侵污时。
例如,常规吸收结构的初始吸收速率可以在它们已经将液体涌流接收进入结构中后恶化。液体输送和吸收速率之间的差异可以导致液体在被吸收芯吸收之前在织物的表面上过度汇集。在此期间,汇集的液体可以从尿布的腿部开口渗漏,弄脏穿戴者的外衣和床上用品。减轻渗漏的尝试包括提供具有诸如弹性腿部褶皱等设计特征的物理屏障,以及改变通常发生液体涌流的结构区中的吸收材料的量和/或构型。
非织造材料(诸如,梳理纤网和纺粘纤网)已经被用作吸收产品中的身体侧衬里。具体而言,已经采用非常开放的多孔衬里结构,以允许液体快速通过它们,并帮助保持身体皮肤与衬里下方的湿润吸收垫分离。
除了使用多孔身体侧衬里之外,很多吸收制品还配备有涌流层。涌流层可以用厚而蓬松的织物结构制成,这些结构具有大量的空隙空间。涌流层定位于身体侧衬里和吸收结构之间。涌流层被设计成快速吸收液体,目的是将液体从身体移开,以便它们可以被吸收结构吸收。涌流层可以为个人护理吸收产品提供更快的流体吸入和更好的干燥度。
由于各种原因(包括增加舒适度),在穿着吸收制品时保持干燥是重要的。保持干燥还可促进皮肤健康。虽然各种过去的构造在本领域中提供了巨大的进展,但是在吸收制品的构造中仍需要进一步的改进,以便液体得以捕获并且与穿戴者分离,从而保持干燥的感觉。具体而言,在设计具有极好的液体吸收能力和其他液体吸收性质的涌流材料方面需要进行改进。
发明内容
一般而言,本公开涉及由多组分聚合物纤维制成的涌流材料,该多组分聚合物纤维也可以是中空的。多组分纤维可以包括围绕纤维的横截面的交替聚合物区,该交替聚合物区具有不同的热性质并且使纤维具有螺旋状形状,以使得纤维非常适合用于液体吸收纤网。例如,根据本公开制造的非织造纤网具有高蓬松度特征、拥有大量空隙空间,并且非常适合于快速吸收液体,从而使液体从身体侧衬里移到吸收结构。
例如,在一个实施方案中,本公开涉及一种吸收制品,所述吸收制品包括身体侧衬里、外覆层和吸收结构,所述吸收结构定位于所述身体侧衬里和所述外覆层之间。根据本公开,所述吸收制品还包括涌流层,所述涌流层定位于所述身体侧衬里和所述吸收结构之间。所述涌流层包括非织造纤网,所述非织造纤网含有粘合纤维和结构纤维的共混物。所述结构纤维被设计成提供蓬松度和空隙体积。粘合纤维被设计成将结构保持在一起并且提供强度。结构纤维包括多组分纤维。具体而言,结构纤维具有的横截面包括至少第一聚合物组分区和第二聚合物组分区,该第一聚合物组分区包含第一聚合物组分,该第二聚合物组分区包含第二聚合物组分。第一聚合物组分包含第一聚合物,该第一聚合物具有的熔点高于第二聚合物组分。在一个实施方案中,第一聚合物组分和第二聚合物组分均包含聚酯聚合物,诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物。一方面,结构纤维的横截面可以包括多个第一聚合物组分区,该第一聚合物组分区由一个或多个第二聚合物组分区分隔开。例如,在一个实施方案中,结构纤维的横截面可以包括二至四个第一聚合物组分区和二至四个第二聚合物组分区,其中第一聚合物组分区与第二聚合物组分区围绕纤维的周边或圆周交替出现。
一方面,结构纤维可以包括中空纤维。此外,纤维可以具有螺旋状构象。例如,结构纤维可以具有大于约1个卷曲/英寸,诸如大于约1.5个卷曲/英寸,诸如大于约2个卷曲/英寸,并且通常小于约8个卷曲/英寸,诸如小于约5个卷曲/英寸,诸如小于约3个卷曲/英寸。
结构纤维可以以约20重量%至约60重量%的量,诸如以约35重量%至约45重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。另一方面,粘合纤维可以以约40重量%至约80重量%的量,诸如以约55重量%至约65重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。一方面,以重量百分比计,相对于结构纤维,非织造纤网中存在更多的粘合纤维。
一方面,粘合纤维可以包含具有不同尺寸的不同的粘合纤维的混合物。例如,非织造纤网可以含有第一粘合纤维和第二粘合纤维。第一粘合纤维可以具有约3至约10,诸如约4至约8旦尼尔。另一方面,第二粘合纤维可以小于第一粘合纤维,并且可以具有约0.1至约3,诸如约0.5至约2旦尼尔。一方面,第一粘合纤维可以以约20重量%至约75重量%的量,诸如以约30重量%至约50重量%的量被包含于非织造纤网中。另一方面,第二粘合纤维可以以约5重量%至约40重量%的量,诸如以约15重量%至约25重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。
粘合纤维在涌流层内粘合纤维与其他纤维相交的交叉位置处形成粘结位点。一方面,粘合纤维包括双组分纤维。所述粘合纤维可以由一种或多种聚烯烃聚合物制成。例如,在一个实施方案中,粘合纤维包括由聚丙烯聚合物制成的芯,该芯被由聚乙烯聚合物制成的皮围绕。
形成吸收制品中的涌流层的非织造纤网通常可以具有约20gsm至约120gsm,诸如约40gsm至约100gsm的基重。一方面,非织造纤网可以是梳理纤网。此外,非织造纤网可以被通风粘结,以使粘合纤维与交叉纤维粘结而不压缩纤网。
粘合纤维和结构纤维可以具有提供空隙体积和完整性的任何合适的长度。一方面,粘合纤维和结构纤维可以具有约30mm至约65mm,诸如约32mm至约60mm的平均长度。为了改善涌流材料的流体处理性质,在一个实施方案中,非织造纤网中的纤维可以用亲水整理剂来处理。
根据本公开制造的非织造纤网或涌流层可以具有各种有利的性质。例如,非织造纤网可以具有相对高的空隙体积,该空隙体积可以通过测量透气率来表示。非织造纤网的透气率,例如,可以大于约500cfm/ft2,诸如大于约600cfm/ft2,诸如大于约650cfm/ft2,诸如大于约700cfm/ft2,诸如大于约750cfm/ft2。非织造纤网或涌流层的透气率通常小于约1500cfm/ft2。
非织造纤网和涌流层还可以具有强度性质和伸长率性质,这使得该材料非常适合用于高速加工。例如,非织造纤网可以具有防止加工过程中颈缩的强度和伸长率性质。例如,非织造纤网的纵向拉伸强度可以大于约5,000gf,诸如大于约6,000gf,诸如大于约7,000gf,诸如大于约7,500gf,诸如大于约7,800gf,诸如大于约8,000gf,诸如大于约8,200gf,诸如大于约8,400gf,诸如大于约8,600gf,诸如大于约8,800gf,并且通常小于约12,000gf。非织造纤网的纵向伸长率通常小于约50%,诸如小于约45%,诸如小于约40%,诸如小于约38%,诸如小于约37%,诸如小于约36%,诸如小于约35%,并且通常大于约20%,诸如大于约25%,诸如大于约30%。
非织造纤网或涌流层的厚度可以根据具体的应用而变化。在一个实施方案中,非织造纤网或涌流层的厚度小于约6mm,诸如小于约5.5mm,诸如小于约5mm,诸如小于约4.5mm,诸如小于约4mm,并且通常大于约2mm,诸如大于约3mm,诸如大于约3.2mm,诸如大于约3.4mm,诸如大于约3.6mm,诸如大于约3.8mm。
除了吸收制品之外,本公开还涉及具有流体管理性质的非织造纤网。所述非织造纤网可以由如上文所述的粘合纤维和结构纤维的共混物制成。所述非织造纤网不仅可以用于吸收制品,而且还可以用于需要流体处理特征的其他应用。例如,所述非织造纤网也可以用作过滤装置中的过滤元件。
本公开的其他特征和方面在下文更详细地讨论。
附图说明
在说明书的其余部分中并参考附图更具体地提出了本公开全面并使之能够实施的公开内容,在附图中:
图1是根据本公开制造的非织造纤网的一个实施方案的透视图;
图2是根据本公开制造的女性护理产品的一个实施方案的剖切部分的透视图;
图3是根据本公开制造的吸收制品的另一个实施方案的透视图;
图4是可以根据本公开使用的结构纤维的一个实施方案的横截面示意图;
图5是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图6是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图7是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图8是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图9是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图10是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图11是在下文描述的实施例中获得的一些结果的图形表示;
图12是在下文的实施例中获得的一些结果的另一个图形表示;并且
图13是可以并入本公开的产品中的结构纤维的一个实施方案的平面图。
在本说明书和附图中对附图标记的反复使用旨在表示本发明的相同或类似的特征或元件。
定义
如本文所用,术语“非织造织物或纤网”是指具有成夹层的但不是以可识别方式的(如在针织织物中)单个聚合物和/或纤维素纤维或线状物的结构的纤网。非织造织物或网已由许多方法形成,比如用于制备薄纸和纸巾的熔喷方法、纺粘方法、粘合梳理纤网方法等。
如本文所用,术语“短纤维”是指纤维长度通常在约0.5至约150毫米范围内的纤维。短纤维可以是纤维素纤维或非纤维素纤维。可以使用的合适的非纤维素纤维的一些实例包括但不限于亲水处理的聚烯烃纤维、聚酯纤维、尼龙纤维、聚乙酸乙烯酯纤维及其混合物。亲水处理可包括耐用的表面处理和聚合物树脂/共混物中的处理。纤维素短纤维包括例如纸浆、热磨机械浆、合成纤维素纤维、改性纤维素纤维等等。纤维素纤维可从二次资源或回收资源中获得。可以使用合成纤维素纤维,诸如人造丝、粘胶人造丝和莱赛尔纤维。改性纤维素纤维通常由通过用适当的基团(例如,羰基、烷基、乙酸根、硝酸根等)沿着碳链对羟基基团进行置换而形成的纤维素衍生物形成。
如本文所用,“粘合梳理纤网”是指通过梳理工艺形成的非织造纤网,如本领域技术人员已知的,并进一步描述于例如授予Ali Khan等人的美国专利4,488,928中,通过引用并入本文。简而言之,梳理方法涉及从例如大体积球形式的短纤维与粘结剂纤维或其他粘合组分的共混物开始,对该大体积球进行梳理或以其他方式处理以提供基本上均匀的基重。将该纤网加热或以其他方式处理,以活化粘合剂组分,从而产生一体的、通常蓬松的非织造材料。
如本文所用,术语“亲水”通常是指可通过与纤维接触的含水液体润湿的纤维或膜,或者纤维或膜的表面。术语“疏水”包括那些如所定义的那样不亲水的材料。短语“天然疏水的”是指那些在其化学组成状态下是疏水性的,没有添加剂或影响疏水性的处理的材料。
又可在所涉及的液体和材料的接触角和表面张力方面来描述材料的润湿程度。适于测量特定纤维材料或纤维材料共混物的可润湿性的设备和技术可由Cahn SFA-222表面力分析系统(Cahn SFA-222 Surface Force Analyzer System)或基本上等同的系统提供。当使用此系统测量时,将接触角小于90的纤维认定为“可润湿的”或亲水的,并将接触角大于90的纤维认定为“不可润湿的”或疏水的。
如本文所用,术语“个人护理产品”和“吸收制品”是指能够吸收水或其他流体的任何制品。一些吸收制品的实例包括但不限于个人护理吸收制品,诸如尿布、训练裤、吸收性内裤、成人失禁产品(包括合身短内裤、带式遮蔽件、男用防护件、保护性内衣裤、可调式内衣裤)、女性卫生用品(例如,卫生巾、护垫、衬里等等)、泳衣等等。形成这样的吸收制品的材料和工艺是本领域技术人员熟知的。
一次性吸收产品被设计成在单次使用后移除并废弃。所谓单次使用是指所述一次性吸收失禁产品在使用一次后将被处理掉,而不是进行清洗或清洁以重新使用,如典型的常规布料内衣裤。
如本文所用,纤维的分特(dtex)是每一万米纤维的克数并且是线密度的直接度量。相比之下,旦尼尔是每9,000米纤维的克数质量。
如本文所用,纤维的“拉伸”或“拉伸比”被定义为纤维的最终长度与纤维的原始长度的比率。
纤维的伸长率和纤维的韧度,是纤维的比强度的度量,它们根据ASTM测试D76和/或ASTM测试D2101来测量。
如本文所用透气率根据ASTM测试D-737(截至2022年的目前测试)来测试。所用的测试参数为20cm2水头和125Pa压力。该测试可以使用得自ATI Corporation的TEXTEST FX3300透气率测试仪来进行。
非织造纤网的拉伸强度和伸长率可以在纵向或横向上测量。如本文所用,拉伸强度是峰值负荷值,即在被拉至破裂时由样本产生的最大力。伸长率是断裂时的伸长率百分比。用于拉伸强度测试的样品通过以下方式制备:干燥,然后将试样模切至25mm的宽度和约152mm的长度。用于测量拉伸强度的仪器可以是MTS Criterian 42和MTSTestWorks.TM.Windows第4版(MTS Systems Corp.,Research Triangle Park,N.C.)。根据受测试样品的强度,选择测力传感器,使得峰值负荷值落在测力传感器的全刻度值的10%与90%之间。标距长度为76mm,钳口长度为76mm。十字头速度为305mm/min,并且断裂灵敏度设置在70%、斜率预设点为70和157g。将样品置于仪器的钳口中,并且以较长的维度平行于负荷施加方向而居中。接着开始测试并且在样本断裂时结束。测试了六(6)个代表性样本,所测试的所有各个样本的算术平均值是产品的拉伸强度。
具体实施方式
本领域的普通技术人员应理解,本论述只是对示例性实施方案的描述,并且无意限制本公开的更广泛的方面。
一般而言,本公开涉及具有极好的流体处理特征的纤维材料。纤维材料具有显著的强度和完整性,并且还具有用于吸收流体的大量空隙体积。纤维材料可以用于所有不同类型的应用。在一个特定实施方案中,纤维材料可以用作吸收制品中的涌流层。
弹性涌流层为个人护理吸收制品提供更快的流体吸入和更好的干燥度。例如,有效的涌流层能够快速吸收液体并将液体转移至吸收芯,该吸收芯被设计成将液体储存在远离使用者皮肤的位置。涌流层与吸收芯一起发挥作用,使穿戴者保持干爽并防止腰部和腿部发生渗漏。例如,涌流层具有流体处理性质,该性质可以有效地分散触及并浸透特定目标侵污区域的液体。涌流层增加了吸收制品将液体从目标侵污区域移开以限制饱和并改善制品的整体流体处理性能的能力,尤其是在多次侵污期间。
一般而言,吸收制品包括身体侧衬里、外覆层和定位在身体侧衬里和外覆层之间的吸收芯。涌流层通常定位于吸收芯和身体侧衬里之间,以提供流体处理有益效果。过去,有效的涌流材料通常需要大量材料。另外,过去制造的各种涌流材料在吸收能力和/或快速吸收大量流体的能力方面具有局限性。
根据本公开制造的涌流材料具有极好的液体吸收性质。此外,由于被选择用于构造非织造纤网的特定纤维,根据本公开制造的涌流材料与过去的材料相比可以在减少的基重处具有相同或更好的吸收性质。因此,根据本公开制造的材料在吸收液体方面非常有效。在制造纤网时使用较少的材料不仅能够降低产品的成本,而且还能够使材料更具可持续性和环保性。
根据本公开制造的涌流材料还为个人护理吸收制品的使用者或穿戴者提供改善的干燥性。
如上文所述,可用作涌流层的本公开的材料是非织造纤网形式的纤维材料。例如,参见图1,仅出于示例性目的,图中显示了根据本公开制造的非织造纤网20。非织造纤网20含有至少两种不同的纤维类型。具体而言,非织造纤网20包括与粘合纤维组合的结构纤维。一方面,非织造纤网20完全由结构纤维和粘合纤维制成,不含其他纤维或填充材料。结构纤维和粘合纤维均可以由热塑性聚合物制成。
一方面,非织造纤网20可以是梳理纤网,尤其是粘合梳理纤网。在这方面,非织造纤网20可以由均为短纤维的结构纤维和粘合纤维制成。在产生梳理纤网时,纤维包可以任选地被放置成与分离纤维的拾取器接触。接着,将纤维进料通过精梳或梳理单元,该单元将短纤维进一步分开并任选地沿一个方向,诸如机器方向(纵向)对齐,从而形成纤维非织造纤网。一旦形成纤网后,就使用一种或多种粘结方法来对纤网进行粘结。根据本公开,纤网含有粘合纤维,该粘合纤维促进纤维在它们相交处的粘结,以赋予纤网完整性和强度。例如,在一个方面,梳理纤网可以使用通风粘结来进行粘结。例如,通风粘结控制粘结过程期间非织造纤网的压缩或塌陷水平。在通风粘结中,推动加热的空气通过纤网,以熔化纤网内的至少一种组分,从而形成粘结位点。熔化的组分可以是粘合纤维的一部分。例如,粘合纤维可以包含聚乙烯聚合物和聚丙烯聚合物,其中较低熔点的聚乙烯组分形成围绕聚丙烯芯的皮。皮聚合物可以在通风粘结期间熔化,并使粘合纤维在纤网中的粘合纤维与其他纤维相交的交叉位置处粘结至其他纤维。在通风粘结期间,非织造纤网可以支撑在成型丝或滚筒上。此外,任选地,可以通过纤网抽真空,以便更好地控制该过程。
通过如上文所述的过程,纤网内的结构纤维与粘结的粘合纤维捕获或缠结在一起,并且在纤网内提供空隙结构,这种空隙结构大大地增强了液体吸收。
被选择用于本公开的纤维材料的结构纤维可以是由具有不同热性质的聚合物配制的多组分纤维,该聚合物产生具有螺旋状构象的纤维。例如,图13代表结构纤维的一个实施方案22,该结构纤维可用于本公开的非织造纤网。例如,结构纤维提供具有“弹性”特征的非织造纤网20。通过这种方式,纤网20不仅对压缩力有弹性,而且在压缩时会实际上反弹。通过这种方式,非织造纤网20在压力下维持其厚度和空隙体积,允许流体非常迅速地进入非织造纤网,同时维持吸收制品的其他组件(诸如衬里和吸收芯)之间的空间,以防止再润湿。通过这种方式,本公开的涌流材料的结构纤维在掺入吸收制品中时提供了改善的干燥度。
例如,参见图4,示出了可以根据本公开使用的结构纤维22的横截面的一个实施方案。根据本公开,纤维22包括至少一个第一聚合物组分区24和至少一个第二聚合物组分区26。如图4所示,两个聚合物组分区可以围绕纤维的周边或圆周交替出现。在图4所示的实施方案中,纤维22包括三个第一聚合物组分区24和三个第二聚合物组分区26。第一聚合物组分区24与第二聚合物组分区26交替出现。一般而言,纤维22可以包括至少1个和约2个至约5个,诸如约3个至约4个第一聚合物组分区24以及至少1个和约2个至约5个,诸如约3个至约4个第二聚合物组分区26。聚合物纤维22也可以是中空的并且可以包括轴向通道28。
第一聚合物组分区24由第一聚合物组分制成,而第二聚合物组分区26由第二聚合物组分制成。例如,第一聚合物组分可以具有比第二聚合物组分低的熔化温度或软化温度。使用来自具有不同熔化性质的聚合物的不同聚合物区来构造纤维22使得纤维具有三维形状,当掺入非织造纤网中时,所述三维形状产生弹性和空隙体积。例如,纤维22可以具有螺旋状构象。例如,纤维22可以具有大于约1个卷曲/英寸,诸如大于约1.5个卷曲/英寸,诸如大于约1.75个卷曲/英寸。纤维通常具有小于约10个卷曲/英寸,诸如小于约6个卷曲/英寸,诸如小于约4个卷曲/英寸。纤维的卷曲特征可以根据ASTM Test D3937(2021年最新修订版)进行测量。
纤维22可以由所有不同类型的聚合物制成,只要不同的聚合物组分具有不同的熔化温度并且能够产生具有三维形状的纤维即可。例如,在一个实施方案中,纤维22可以完全由聚烯烃聚合物制成。例如,第一聚合物组分可以包含聚乙烯聚合物,而第二聚合物组分可以包含聚丙烯聚合物。或者,纤维22可以由聚酯聚合物制成。在又一实施方案中,纤维22可以由聚烯烃聚合物和聚酯聚合物的组合制成。
可以用于构造纤维22的聚酯聚合物包括聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯聚合物。例如,聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯聚合物可以衍生自含有2至约10个碳原子的脂族或脂环族二醇或它们的混合物以及芳族二羧酸。可以使用的聚亚烷基二醇的实例包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物和/或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚合物。
聚酯聚合物可以用共聚单体来产生。例如,共聚单体酸或共聚单体二醇可以用于产生聚酯聚合物。然而,在一个实施方案中,用于产生纤维22的聚酯聚合物不含任何共聚单体。
一方面,第一聚合物组分包含第一聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物,而第二聚合物组分包含第二聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物,其中第一聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物具有比第二聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物低的熔化温度。两种聚合物之间的熔点差值可以为大于约5℃,诸如大于约10℃,诸如大于约15℃,诸如大于约20℃,并且通常小于约150℃,诸如小于约100℃,诸如小于约70℃。
如果需要,可以将一种或多种填料掺入结构纤维22中。例如,可以将填料颗粒掺入第一聚合物组分、第二聚合物组分或这两种聚合物组分中。填料颗粒可以具有小于约2微米,诸如小于约1微米,诸如小于约0.75微米,诸如小于约0.5微米,并且通常大于约0.001微米的平均粒度。可以掺入纤维22中的填料通常包括白色填料。例如,可以掺入纤维中的填料颗粒包括二氧化钛填料、硫酸钡填料等等。填料可以以小于约10重量%的量,诸如小于约5重量%的量,诸如小于约3重量%的量,诸如小于约2重量%的量掺入纤维中。当添加至聚合物中以形成纤维时,填料颗粒可以以大于约0.1重量%的量,诸如大于约0.5重量%的量存在于纤维中。
用于根据本公开产生非织造纤网20的结构纤维通常具有相对较小的尺寸。例如,结构纤维可以具有小于约30旦尼尔(旦尼尔/长丝),诸如小于约25旦尼尔,诸如小于约20旦尼尔,诸如小于约18旦尼尔的尺寸。纤维尺寸通常可以大于约1旦尼尔,诸如大于约3旦尼尔,诸如大于约5旦尼尔。一方面,结构纤维可以具有约4旦尼尔至约15旦尼尔的尺寸,诸如约6旦尼尔至约12旦尼尔的尺寸。在一个替代性实施方案中,纤维可以具有约12旦尼尔至约18旦尼尔的尺寸。
结构纤维22是短纤维。就此而言,结构纤维22可以具有约30mm至约65mm,包括它们之间的所有1mm的增量的平均纤维长度。例如,结构纤维22可以具有大于约32mm,诸如大于约35mm,诸如大于约38mm,诸如大于约45mm,诸如大于约48mm,并且通常小于约60mm,诸如小于约55mm的平均纤维长度。
结构纤维可以以通常约20重量%至约60重量%,包括它们之间的所有1mm的增量的量存在于如图1所示的非织造纤网20中。例如,结构纤维可以以大于约30重量%的量,诸如大于约35重量%的量,诸如大于约40重量%的量,并且通常小于约60重量%的量,诸如小于约55重量%,诸如小于约50重量%,诸如小于约45重量%存在于非织造纤网20中。一方面,例如,结构纤维以不大于约42重量%的量存在于非织造纤网20中。由于结构纤维的特征,例如,可能需要较少的结构纤维来产生非织造纤网并且结构纤维仍然具有提供足够的液体吸收能力的大量的空隙空间和弹性。
如上文所述,结构纤维与粘合纤维组合以构造非织造纤网20。粘合纤维也可以由多种聚合物构造。一般而言,粘合纤维在纤维的表面处含有热塑性聚合物,该热塑性聚合物的熔化温度低于用于产生结构纤维的聚合物的熔化温度。
类似于结构纤维,粘合纤维也可以是平均纤维长度为约30mm至约65mm的短纤维。例如,粘合纤维可以具有大于约32mm,诸如大于约35mm,诸如大于约38mm,诸如大于约40mm,诸如大于约45mm,并且通常小于约60mm,诸如小于约55mm的平均纤维长度。
一方面,粘合纤维可以是由单一聚合物制成的单组分纤维。例如,用于产生粘合纤维的聚合物可以是聚乙烯聚合物。
在一个替代性实施方案中,粘合纤维是双组分纤维。例如,双组分纤维可以具有处于并排布置方式或皮/芯布置方式的高熔点组分或聚合物与低熔点组分或聚合物的组合。例如,在皮和芯布置方式中,高熔点组分形成纤维的芯,而低熔点聚合物或组分形成纤维的皮。较低熔点的组分提供纤维与其他纤维粘结的有效方式,而较高熔点的组分有助于维持纤维的结构完整性。
例如,较低熔点的聚合物可以是聚乙烯聚合物或聚酯聚合物。例如,聚酯聚合物可以是包含共聚单体(“CoPET”)的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物。另一方面,较高熔点的聚合物可以是聚丙烯聚合物或聚酯聚合物,诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物。例如,可以使用的粘合纤维包括聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维、共聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维或聚乙烯/聚丙烯纤维。
在一个实施方案中,粘合纤维完全由聚烯烃纤维制成。例如,一方面,较高熔点的组分或芯可以由聚丙烯聚合物制成。聚丙烯聚合物可以是聚丙烯均聚物或含有聚丙烯的无规共聚物。例如,无规共聚物可以是丙烯和丁烯的共聚物或丙烯和乙烯的共聚物。
在另一个方面,皮或表面聚合物可以包括聚乙烯聚合物,诸如直链低密度聚乙烯聚合物或高密度聚乙烯聚合物。在又一个实施方案中,皮聚合物可以是乙烯和丙烯的无规共聚物。
在皮和芯布置方式中,芯聚合物通常占纤维的约20重量%至约80重量%,诸如约40重量%至约60重量%的量。类似地,皮聚合物可以以约20重量%至约80重量%的量,诸如以约40重量%至约60重量%的量存在于纤维中。
结合到如图1所示的非织造纤网20中的粘合纤维也可以是拉伸的纤维。例如,粘合纤维可以具有大于约2,诸如大于约2.4且,并且通常小于约5,诸如小于约4,诸如小于约3.5的拉伸比。纤维的dtex可以根据具体应用而变化。一般而言,dtex可以为约3至约12.5,包括它们之间的所有0.5的增量。一方面,可以使用较高dtex的纤维,其中粘合纤维具有约6.5至约12.5的dtex。或者,可以使用具有约3至约6或者约0.5至约2dtex的较小尺寸的粘合纤维。
粘合纤维的尺寸也可以以旦尼尔为单位度量。例如,粘合纤维可以具有约0.1至约12,包括它们之间的所有0.1的增量的旦尼尔。例如,粘合纤维的旦尼尔可以大于约0.5,诸如大于约1,诸如大于约2,诸如大于约3,诸如大于约4,诸如大于约5,并且通常小于小于约10,诸如小于约9,诸如小于约8。
粘合纤维通常以约40重量%至约80重量%,包括它们之间的所有1重量%的增量的量存在于如图1所示的非织造纤网20中。例如,粘合纤维可以以大于约45重量%的量,诸如大于约50重量%的量,诸如大于约55重量%的量,并且通常小于约70重量%,诸如小于大于约65重量%的量存在于非织造纤网20中。
在一个实施方案中,非织造纤网可以包括具有不同尺寸的粘合纤维。例如,非织造纤网可以含有旦尼尔为约3至约10的第一粘合纤维。例如,第一粘合纤维可以具有大于约4,诸如大于约5,并且小于约8,诸如小于约7的旦尼尔。第一粘合纤维可以与具有较小尺寸的第二粘合纤维组合。例如,第二粘合纤维可以具有约0.1至约3,诸如约0.5至约2的旦尼尔。例如,第二粘合纤维可以具有大于约0.8,诸如大于约1,诸如大于约1.2,并且小于约2.5,诸如小于约2.3,诸如小于约2,诸如小于约1.8,诸如小于约1.6的旦尼尔。第一粘合纤维可以以约20重量%至约70重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。例如,第一粘合纤维可以以大于约30重量%的量,诸如大于约35重量%的量,并且小于约50重量%的量,诸如小于约45重量%的量包含于非织造纤网中。另一方面,第二粘合纤维可以以大于约5重量%的量,诸如大于约10重量%的量,诸如大于约15重量%的量,诸如大于约18重量%的量,并且小于约30重量%的量,诸如小于约25重量%的量,诸如小于约23重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。
组合具有不同尺寸的粘合纤维可以提供各种优点和有益效果。例如,较低旦尼尔的纤维具有较大的粘结表面积。因此,基于掺入纤网中的低旦尼尔粘合纤维的量计,低旦尼尔粘合纤维可以对纤网的强度和伸长率性质产生影响。通过这种方式,可以控制纤网的强度和伸长率,以产生易于加工且在层压至其他层时不存在颈缩问题的纤网。还发现,将一些较低旦尼尔的纤维掺入非织造纤网中可以防止灰尘产生,尤其是当纤网被切开或切割时。
粘合纤维通常具有大于约2Nm/kg,诸如大于约2.25Nm/kg,并且通常小于约4.5Nm/kg,诸如小于约4Nm/kg,诸如小于约3.5Nm/kg的韧度。粘合纤维通常具有小于约350%,诸如小于约325%,诸如小于约300%,诸如小于约290%,并且通常大于约150%,诸如大于约170%,诸如大于约175%,诸如大于约180%的伸长率。
结构纤维和粘合纤维可以共混在一起形成如图1所示的非织造纤网20。在一个方面,纤维可以充分共混,以使得非织造纤网20具有基本上均质的纤维分布。所得的非织造纤网20的基重可以根据具体应用而变化。根据本公开制造的非织造纤网可以用于所有不同类型的应用,包括用作吸收制品中的涌流层,可以用作过滤装置中的过滤层,或者可以用于各种其他应用。一般而言,基重可以为约12gsm至约250gsm,包括它们之间的1gsm的增量。例如,当用作涌流层时,非织造纤网20可以具有通常大于约30gsm,诸如大于约35gsm,诸如大于约40gsm,并且通常小于约110gsm,诸如小于约90gsm,诸如小于约80gsm,诸如小于约70gsm,诸如小于约60gsm的基重。
一方面,如图1所示的非织造纤网可以进一步包括亲水处理,以进一步改善纤网的流体处理性质。本公开的亲水处理剂可以选自由以下各项组成的组:聚乙二醇月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇月桂基醚以及它们的组合。合适的聚乙二醇月桂酸酯的实例包括但不限于聚乙二醇400单月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇600单月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇1000单月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇4000单月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇600二月桂酸酯以及它们的组合。合适的聚乙二醇月桂基醚的实例包括但不限于聚乙二醇600月桂基醚。
除了PEG月桂酸酯和PEG月桂基醚之外,其他聚乙二醇衍生物也可以用作本文所述的个人护理产品的亲水处理剂。如本文所用,术语“聚乙二醇衍生物”包括包含聚乙二醇部分的任何化合物。其他合适的PEG衍生物的实例包括但不限于PEG单硬脂酸酯(诸如PEG 200单硬脂酸酯和PEG 4000单硬脂酸酯);PEG二油酸酯(诸如PEG 600二油酸酯和PEG 1540二油酸酯);PEG单油酸酯(诸如PEG 600单油酸酯和PEG 1540单油酸酯);PEG单异硬脂酸酯(诸如PEG 200单异硬脂酸酯和PEG 16辛基苯基)。
在某些方面,本文所述的亲水处理剂,诸如聚乙二醇600月桂基醚和/或聚乙二醇600单月桂酸酯,可以彼此组合或者与其他粘弹性剂组合使用。可以与亲水处理剂组合使用的另外的粘弹性剂的实例包括但不限于柠檬酸钠、葡聚糖、半胱氨酸、Glucopon 220UP(可以烷基聚糖苷的60%(以重量计)水溶液从Henkel Corporation获得)、Glucopon 425、Glucopon 600、Glucopon 625。其他合适的粘弹性剂在美国专利6,060,636中有所描述。
亲水处理剂可以根据所期望的结果和应用以不同的量施加。通常,亲水处理剂以按短纤维的重量计约0.1%至约3%、约0.1%至约2%或约0.1%至约1%的量施加于短纤维。
根据本公开制造的非织造纤网具有极好的性质平衡,这使得纤网非常适合用作吸收制品中的涌流层。例如,根据本公开制造的非织造纤网可以具有大量的空隙体积。空隙体积的一种表示是通过测量纤网的透气率。例如,根据本公开制造的非织造纤网可以具有大于约500cfm/ft2的透气率。例如,纤网的透气率可以大于约550cfm/ft2,诸如大于约600cfm/ft2,诸如大于约650cfm/ft2,诸如大于约700cfm/ft2,诸如大于约750cfm/ft2,诸如大于约800cfm/ft2,诸如大于约850cfm/ft2,诸如大于约900cfm/ft2。纤网的透气率通常小于约1,500cfm/ft2。
根据本公开制造的非织造纤网还可以具有良好的强度和伸长率的平衡。例如,纤网的纵向强度可以大于约5,000gf,诸如大于约6,000gf,诸如大于约7,000gf,诸如大于约7,500gf,诸如大于约7,800gf,诸如大于约8,000gf,诸如大于约8,200gf,诸如大于约8,400gf,诸如大于约8,600gf,诸如大于约8,800gf,并且通常小于约12,000gf。非织造纤网的纵向伸长率可以小于约50%,诸如小于约45%,诸如小于约40%,诸如小于约38%,诸如小于约37%,诸如小于约36%,诸如小于约35%,并且通常大于约20%,诸如大于约25%,诸如大于约30%。
非织造纤网的厚度可以根据具体应用和用于形成纤网的纤维的类型而变化。一般而言,厚度大于约2mm,诸如大于约2.5mm,诸如大于约3mm,诸如大于约3.2mm,诸如大于约3.4mm。纤网的厚度通常小于约8mm,诸如小于约6mm,诸如小于约5.5mm,诸如小于约5mm,诸如小于约4.8mm,诸如小于约4.5mm,诸如小于约4mm。在一个实施方案中,在基重为约70gsm至约90gsm,诸如约75gsm至约85gsm处,纤网的厚度为约3.5mm至约4mm。
如上文所述,如图1所示的非织造纤网20非常适合用作吸收制品中的涌流层。非织造纤网可以用于所有不同类型的个人护理吸收制品,包括但不限于尿布、训练裤、失禁服装、卫生巾、绷带等等。
例如,一次性吸收制品包括女性卫生护垫,诸如图2所示的护垫10。护垫10包括身体侧衬里14和延伸到护垫周边12的导流板或外覆层15。护垫10可以包括吸收芯13以及设置在身体侧衬里14和导流板或外覆层15之间的根据本公开制造的转移或涌流层17。吸收芯13可以包括任选地芯包裹物16。在本公开的一个方面,护垫10可以包括定位于转移或涌流层17和吸收芯13之间的分散层40。许多产品还具有粘合剂条带39以在使用期间通过将其粘合到使用者的内衣而将产品固持在适当位置。
一次性吸收制品也可以是尿布或训练裤,诸如处于部分紧固状态的图3所示的训练裤。裤120限定一对纵向端部区域(在本文中称为前区122和后区124)以及中心区(在本文中称为裆区126),裆区在前区122与后区124之间纵向延伸并且互连前区与后区。裤120还限定内表面128和与内表面相对的外表面130,在使用中内表面适于(例如,相对于裤120的其他部件定位)朝着穿戴者设置。所示的裤120包括底片132,底片包括外覆层140和身体侧衬里142,身体侧衬里可以通过粘合剂、超声粘结、热粘结或其他常规技术以叠置关系连接到外覆层140。底片132还可以包括根据本公开的涌流层(未示出)和吸收结构(未示出),所述吸收结构设置在外覆层140和身体侧衬里142之间,用于吸收由穿戴者流出的液体身体流出物,并且还可以包括一对防漏翼片146,所述防漏翼片被固定到身体侧衬里142,用于抑制身体流出物的横向流动。
根据本公开的涌流层可以帮助吸收、减速和扩散可快速引入如图2或图3中的任一者所示的吸收制品中的液体的涌流或涌出。涌流层通常定位于身体侧衬里和吸收芯之间。在一个方面,涌流层可以附接至吸收制品中的多个部件中的一个或多个,诸如吸收芯、身体侧衬里或可以围绕吸收芯的包裹物。
吸收制品的外覆层可以由液体不可渗透的材料制成。例如,一方面,外覆层可以由纺粘聚丙烯非织造纤网形成。
另一方面,身体侧衬里是液体可渗透的,并且可以由在邻近穿戴者的皮肤放置时具有适当顺应性和柔软感的材料制成。身体侧衬里可以由多种纤网材料制成,所述纤网材料诸如合成纤维、天然纤维、天然纤维和合成纤维的组合、多孔泡沫、蜂窝状泡沫、有孔塑料薄膜等等。各种织造和非织造织物可以用于身体侧衬里。例如,身体侧衬里可以由聚烯烃纤维的熔喷或纺粘纤网制成。身体侧衬里也可以是由天然纤维和/或合成纤维组成的粘合梳理纤网。
合适的液体可渗透的身体侧衬里是基重为约27gsm的非织造双组分纤网。非织造双组分纤网可以是纺粘双组分纤网或粘合梳理双组分纤网。合适的双组分短纤维包括聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分纤维。在该特定实施方案中,聚丙烯形成芯,并且聚乙烯形成纤维的皮。然而,其他纤维取向也是可能的。
用于形成吸收结构的材料例如可包括纤维素纤维(例如,木浆纤维)、其他天然纤维、合成纤维、织造或非织造片材、稀松布结网或其他稳定化结构、超吸收性材料、粘结剂材料、表面活性剂、选定的疏水性材料、颜料、洗剂、气味控制剂等以及它们的组合。在特定实施方案中,吸收纤网材料是纤维素绒毛和超吸收性水凝胶形成颗粒的基体。纤维素绒毛可以包括木浆绒毛的共混物。一类优选的绒毛以商品名CR 1654标识,可得自US AlliancePulp Mills of Coosa,Ala.,USA,并且是主要含软木纤维的经漂白的高度吸收性木浆。作为一般规则,超吸收性材料以基于纤网的总重量计约0至约90重量%的量存在于吸收纤网中。纤网可具有在每立方厘米约0.1至约0.45克范围内的密度。
超吸收性材料在本领域中是熟知的,并可选自天然、合成和改性天然聚合物及材料。超吸收性材料可以为无机材料,诸如硅胶;或有机化合物,诸如交联聚合物。通常,超吸收性材料能够吸收其重量的至少约15倍的液体,并且适当地能够吸收超过其重量的约25倍的液体。合适的超吸收性材料可容易地从各个供应商获得。例如,FAVOR SXM 880超吸收剂可从Stockhausen,Inc.,Greensboro,N.C.,USA获得;Drytech 2035可从Dow ChemicalCompany,Midland,Mich.,USA获得。
除了纤维素纤维和超吸收性材料之外,吸收护垫结构还可以包括在适当活化时提供稳定性和附着的粘合元件和/或合成纤维。诸如粘合剂的添加剂可以与纤维素纤维具有相同或不同的外观;例如,此类添加剂可以是纤维状、颗粒状或液体状;粘合剂可具有可固化或热固性的特性。此类添加剂可增强本体吸收结构的完整性,并且另选地或另外地可以在折叠结构的面层之间提供粘附。
这些吸收材料可通过采用各种常规的方法和技术形成纤网结构。例如,吸收纤网可以用干法成型技术、气流成网技术、梳理技术、熔喷或纺粘技术、湿法成型技术、泡沫成型技术等以及它们的组合形成。层状和/或层合结构也可以是合适的。用于执行此类技术的方法和设备在本领域中是熟知的。
吸收纤网材料也可以是共成形材料。术语“共成形材料”通常是指包含热塑性纤维和第二非热塑性材料的混合物或稳定化基质的复合材料。例如,共成形材料可通过这样的工艺制成,其中所述将至少一个熔喷模头布置在斜槽附近,通过该斜槽在形成纤网的同时向纤网添加其他材料。这样的其他材料可包括但不限于纤维有机材料,诸如木质或非木质纸浆,诸如棉、人造丝、再生纸、浆绒毛,以及超吸收性颗粒或纤维、无机吸收材料、经处理的聚合物短纤维等。多种合成聚合物中的任一种均可用作适形材料的熔纺组分。
通过参照以下实施例可以更好地理解本公开。
实施例1
构造并测试作为吸收制品中的涌流层的各种不同的粘合梳理纤网。将粘合梳理纤网与商业产品中包含的涌流层进行比较。
构造通风粘结梳理纤网。具体而言,将60重量%的粘合纤维与40重量%的结构纤维组合以产生基重为80gsm的粘合梳理纤网。粘合纤维包括由聚乙烯皮围绕的聚丙烯芯。
结构纤维是由聚酯聚合物制成的多组分中空纤维。结构纤维类似于图4中所示的结构纤维。具体而言,结构纤维包括第一聚合物组分区和第二聚合物组分区,该第一聚合物组分区与第二聚合物组分区交替出现。该纤维包括围绕纤维的圆周的三个第一聚合物组分区和三个第二聚合物组分区。第一聚合物组分和第二聚合物组分都是不含共聚单体的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物。第一聚合物组分具有比第二聚合物组分低的熔化温度。纤维含有二氧化钛颗粒。由于产生纤网的短纤维经过亲水整理剂处理,因此非织造纤网是亲水的。
在第一组实验中,将如上文所述的非织造纤网掺入基于商业资产制造的吸收制品中。具体而言,基于商业资产制造的吸收制品含有涌流材料。商业制造的吸收制品中的涌流材料被如上文所述的非织造纤网替代。将非织造纤网放置于身体侧衬里和吸收芯之间。对商业制造的吸收制品进行流体吸入和再润湿测试,并且将商业制造的吸收制品与被改进为包括如上文所述的非织造纤网的吸收制品进行比较。
进行以下测试以确定流体吸入和再润湿。
摘要
该测试对侵污后不久留在尿布表面附近的流体量进行分类,并且对在长时间等待和多次侵污后在高压下未被超吸收剂锁定的流体量进行定量。为了成功使用,产品必须迅速吸入通过吸收芯的层的流体,此外还必须保持流体以确保它在承受高压时不会回流。加载体积和流体输送速率是根据此前对产品的消费者研究预先确定的。这些值可以因产品而异。
1.0设备和供应品
1.1上皿式电子天平,可读取到0.001克。
1.2盐水溶液,0.9±0.005%(w/w)等渗盐水。
1.3倒计时器,可读取到.1秒
1.4矩形有机玻璃板(尺寸长度=300mm,宽度=100mm),包括定位于板中央区域的开口圆筒(圆筒的内径为38mm,高度为125mm)
1.5两个砝码,每个4kg
1.6吸墨纸,Verigood级,白色,100lb,475×600mm(19×24英寸)长型纸料,每令250张,切成88×300mm+/-13mm(3 5×12英寸)的指定尺寸
1.7聚碳酸酯板(3 675mm厚),切成114mm宽×432mm长(4 5×17英寸),重量为177克。
1.8聚乙烯漏斗,4盎司容量
1.9低粘性双面胶带或附接材料,将产品平整地固定于表面上。
1.10秒表,可读取到0.1秒
1.11尺子
2.0样品准备
2.1根据产品尺寸确定下表中的侵污尺寸和速率
2.2对产品进行称量,精确到0.01克,并记录下来,如果适用,丢弃超出负责人确定的重量范围的样本
3.0设置程序
3.1确保盐水在室温处
3.2设置三个倒计时器,分别为30秒、2分钟和15分钟
4.0测试程序
4.1将产品放置于平面上,将上下两端固定于双面胶带上,以使产品拉伸,吸收芯平放。
4.2将具有开口圆筒的板放置于拉伸的产品上,使板的上边缘与吸收芯的边缘对齐。将漏斗放在板中的开口圆筒的顶部。
4.3在可读取到小数点后三位的天平上称量一张吸墨纸。记录纸的重量。
4.4按照下表的说明,根据被测产品的尺寸,将指定量的盐水溶液倒入漏斗中。同时启动秒表。
4.5一旦液体完全通过圆筒并进入产品(产品的表面没有液体),立即停止秒表。启动设置为30秒的计时器和设置为15分钟的计时器。
4.6记录吸入时间。
4.7在等待30秒后,通过开放圆筒取出板。将预先称量的吸墨纸放置于产品上,并将聚碳酸酯板放置于其上。
4.8启动设置为2分钟的计时器。
4.9在等待2分钟后,取出聚碳酸酯板和吸墨纸。将具有开口圆筒的板再次放置于产品上,并在等待期间留在产品上。
4.10将吸墨纸称量至最近的千分位,并记录重量。
4.11在液体延伸到的吸墨纸的长度方向上标记两端。沿吸墨纸纵向和横向测量该距离(单位为厘米)。将这两个距离相乘以获得流体的面积(扩散)。记录扩散。
4.12在等待15分钟后,将一个砝码放置于板上的圆筒两侧。根据下表,将指定数量的盐水溶液倒入放置于圆筒中的漏斗中。同时启动秒表,并启动设置为15分钟的倒计时器。
4.13一旦液体完全通过圆筒并进入产品(产品的表面没有液体),立即停止秒表。记录第二次吸入时间。在等待时间内,将具有开口圆筒的板和砝码放置于产品上
4.14称量两张吸墨纸,并将重量记录到小数点后三位。
4.15在等待15分钟后,取出砝码和具有圆筒的矩形板。将预先称量的吸墨纸放置于产品上,然后将聚碳酸酯板和两个砝码放置于其上。启动设置为2分钟的计时器。
4.16在2分钟等待后,取出砝码、聚碳酸酯板和吸墨纸。立即在可读取到小数点后三位的天平上称量吸墨纸,并记录重量。
4.17在液体延伸到的吸墨纸的长度方向上标记两端。沿吸墨纸纵向和横向测量该距离(单位为厘米)。将这两个距离相乘以获得流体的面积(扩散)。记录扩散。
4.18从表面取出产品。称量产品并记录重量。
在第一组实验中,构造以下样品:
1号样品:HUGGIES牌SNUG&DRY尿布;
2号样品:HUGGIES牌SNUG&DRY尿布,其中涌流材料被根据本公开制造的非织造纤网替代;
3号样品:HUGGIES牌LITTLE MOVERS尿布;
4号样品:HUGGIES牌LITTLE MOVERS改进尿布,其中涌流材料被根据本公开制造的非织造纤网替代;
参见图5和6,显示了从流体吸入和再润湿测试中获得的结果。如图所示,用本公开的非织造纤网改进的尿布具有显著改善的流体处理性质。
进行下一组实验,其中使用不同的涌流材料在先导试验线上制造尿布。具体而言,将根据本发明制造的如上文所述的非织造纤网与商购获得的涌流材料进行比较,并且还与由100%中空的单组分聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维制成的涌流材料进行比较。构造以下样品:
5号样品:HUGGIES牌SNUG&DRY尿布;
6号样品:HUGGIES牌SNUG&DRY尿布,包含本公开的涌流材料;
7号样品:HUGGIES牌SNUG&DRY尿布,含有由100%聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维制成的涌流材料;
8号样品:HUGGIES牌LITTLE MOVERS尿布;
9号样品:HUGGIES牌LITTLE MOVERS尿布,包含本公开的涌流材料;
10号样品:HUGGIES牌LITTLE MOVERS尿布,含有由100%聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维制成的涌流材料;
11号样品:用含有本公开的涌流材料的COZY衬里制成的尿布;
12号样品:用含有由100%聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维制成的涌流材料的COZY衬里制成的尿布。
图7-12展示了从5号样品至12号样品的流体吸入和再润湿测试获得的结果。如图所示,根据本公开制造的非织造纤网仅含有40重量%的聚酯,提供的再润湿结果相当于由100%聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维制造的涌流材料。
实施例2
根据本公开构造各种不同的粘合梳理纤网并且与已经用作涌流层的商业非织造纤网进行比较。在本实施例中,构造纤网并测试纤网的透气率。
测试以下粘合梳理纤网:
13号样品:含有30重量%的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维(6旦尼尔)、35重量%的粘合纤维(1.5旦尼尔)和35重量%的粘合纤维(5.3旦尼尔)的比较非织造纤网;
14号样品:40重量%的如实施例1中所述的结构纤维(9旦尼尔)、60重量%的如实施例1中所述的粘合纤维(5.3旦尼尔);
15号样品:40重量%的如实施例1中所述的结构纤维(9旦尼尔)、40重量%的如实施例1中所述的粘合纤维(5.3旦尼尔)和20重量%的具有较小尺寸的粘合纤维(1.5旦尼尔)。
对上述三个样品进行透气率测试,获得以下结果:
样品编号 | 透气率(cfm/ft2) |
13 | 450 |
14 | 955 |
15 | 751 |
如上文所示,与比较样品相比,根据本发明制造的非织造纤网具有显著改善的透气率。透气率与空隙体积和液体吸收能力直接相关。
还测量了上述15号样品的纵向拉伸强度和纵向伸长率。非织造纤网显示出极好的性质组合,这表明该纤网易于加工且不存在颈缩问题。具体而言,15号样品的纵向拉伸强度为8,877gf,纵向伸长率为34%。
在不脱离在所附权利要求中更具体地描述的本发明的精神和范围的情况下,本发明的这些和其他修改以及变型可由本领域的普通技术人员实践。此外,应当理解各种实施方案的方面可整体或部分互换。此外,本领域的普通技术人员将会知道,以上描述仅仅是举例,而无意限制此类所附权利要求中进一步描述的本发明。
Claims (29)
1.一种吸收制品,包括:
身体侧衬里;
外覆层;
吸收结构,所述吸收结构定位于所述身体侧衬里和所述外覆层之间;以及
涌流层,所述涌流层定位于所述身体侧衬里和所述吸收结构之间,所述涌流层包括非织造纤网,所述非织造纤网包括粘合纤维和结构纤维的共混物,所述结构纤维包括多组分纤维,所述结构纤维具有横截面,并且其中所述结构纤维的所述横截面包括至少第一聚合物组分区和第二聚合物组分区,所述第一聚合物组分区包含第一聚合物组分,所述第二聚合物组分区包含第二聚合物组分,其中所述第一聚合物组分具有比所述第二聚合物组分低的熔化温度,所述粘合纤维在所述涌流层内形成粘结位点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其中所述结构纤维包括多个第一聚合物组分区,所述第一聚合物组分区由一个或多个第二聚合物组分区分隔开。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其中所述第一聚合物组分包含第一聚酯聚合物,并且所述第二聚合物组分包含第二聚酯聚合物。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述第一聚合物组分和所述第二聚合物组分均包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述结构纤维包括卷曲纤维,所述纤维包括约1至约10个卷曲/英寸。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述结构纤维包括中空纤维。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述结构纤维含有填料颗粒。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述结构纤维以约20重量%至约60重量%的量,诸如约35重量%至约45重量%的量存在于所述非织造纤网中,所述粘合纤维以约40重量%至约80重量%的量,诸如约55重量%至约65重量%的量存在于所述非织造纤网中。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述粘合纤维包括双组分纤维。
10.根据权利要求9所述的吸收制品,其中所述双组分纤维由聚烯烃聚合物制成。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的吸收制品,其中所述双组分纤维包括围绕芯的皮层,所述皮层包含聚乙烯聚合物,所述芯包含聚丙烯聚合物。
12.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网具有约20gsm至约120gsm,诸如约40gsm至约100gsm的基重。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网包括梳理和通风粘结纤网。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述粘合纤维和所述结构纤维具有约30mm至约65mm,诸如约35mm至约60mm的平均纤维长度。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述粘合纤维包括第一粘合纤维和第二粘合纤维,所述第一粘合纤维具有约3至约10,诸如约4至约8的旦尼尔,所述第二粘合纤维具有约0.1至约3,诸如约0.5至约2的旦尼尔。
16.根据权利要求15所述的吸收制品,其中所述第一粘合纤维以约20重量%至约75重量%的量,诸如约30重量%至约50重量%的量存在于所述非织造纤网中,所述第二粘合纤维以约5重量%至约40重量%的量,诸如约15重量%至约25重量%的量存在于所述非织造纤网中。
17.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网具有大于约500cfm/ft2,诸如大于约600cfm/ft2,诸如大于约650cfm/ft2,诸如大于约750cfm/ft2,并且小于约1500cfm/ft2的透气率。
18.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网具有大于约5000gf,诸如大于约7,500gf,诸如大于约8,000gf,诸如大于约8,400gf,诸如大于约8,800gf,并且小于约12,000gf的纵向拉伸强度。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网具有小于约50%,诸如小于约45%,诸如小于约40%,诸如小于约38%,诸如小于约37%,诸如小于约36%,诸如小于约35%,并且大于约20%的纵向伸长率。
20.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述非织造纤网具有约2.5mm至约5.5mm的厚度。
21.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述涌流层还包括亲水整理剂,所述亲水整理剂施加于包含在所述非织造纤网中的纤维上。
22.一种具有流体管理性质的非织造材料,包括:
非织造纤网,所述非织造纤网包括粘合纤维和结构纤维的共混物,所述结构纤维包括多组分纤维,所述结构纤维具有横截面,并且其中所述结构纤维的所述横截面包括至少第一聚合物组分区和第二聚合物组分区,所述第一聚合物组分区包含第一聚合物组分,所述第二聚合物组分区包含第二聚合物组分,所述第一聚合物组分包含第一聚酯聚合物,并且所述第二聚合物组分包括第二聚酯聚合物,所述粘合纤维包括短双组分纤维,所述粘合纤维在所述非织造纤网内所述粘合纤维与其他纤维相交的交叉位置处形成粘结位点,所述非织造纤网包括基重为约20gsm至约120gsm的梳理纤网。
23.根据权利要求22所述的非织造材料,其中所述结构纤维包括多个第一聚合物组分区,所述第一聚合物组分区由一个或多个第二聚合物组分区分隔开,并且其中所述第一聚合物组分和所述第二聚合物组分均包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物,所述第一聚合物组分具有比所述第二聚合物组分低的熔化温度,并且其中所述结构纤维包括中空纤维。
24.根据权利要求22或23所述的非织造材料,其中所述双组分纤维包括围绕芯的皮层,所述皮层包含聚乙烯聚合物,所述芯包含聚丙烯聚合物。
25.根据权利要求22-24中任一项所述的非织造材料,其中所述粘合纤维和所述结构纤维具有约30mm至约65mm,诸如约32mm至约60mm的平均纤维长度。
26.根据权利要求22-25中任一项所述的非织造材料,其中所述涌流层还包括亲水整理剂,所述亲水整理剂施加于包含在所述非织造纤网中的纤维上。
27.根据权利要求22-26中任一项所述的非织造材料,其中所述粘合纤维包括第一粘合纤维和第二粘合纤维,所述第一粘合纤维具有约3至约10,诸如约4至约8的旦尼尔,所述第二粘合纤维具有约0.1至约3,诸如约0.5至约2的旦尼尔,并且其中所述第一粘合纤维以约20重量%至约75重量%的量,诸如约30重量%至约50重量%的量存在于所述非织造纤网中,所述第二粘合纤维以约5重量%至约40重量%的量,诸如约15重量%至约25重量%的量存在于非织造纤网中。
28.根据权利要求22-27中任一项所述的非织造材料,其中所述非织造纤网具有大于约500cfm/ft2,诸如大于约600cfm/ft2,诸如大于约650cfm/ft2,诸如大于约750cfm/ft2,并且小于约1500cfm/ft2的透气率。
29.根据权利要求22-27中任一项所述的非织造材料,其中所述非织造纤网具有大于约5000gf,诸如大于约6000gf,诸如大于约7,500gf,诸如大于约8,000gf,诸如大于约8,400gf,诸如大于约8,800gf,并且小于约12,000gf的纵向拉伸强度,并且其中所述非织造纤网具有小于约50%,诸如小于约40%,诸如小于约38%,诸如小于约37%,诸如小于约36%,诸如小于约35%,并且大于约20%的纵向伸长率。
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