CN117066519A - Process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings - Google Patents
Process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN117066519A CN117066519A CN202310450330.XA CN202310450330A CN117066519A CN 117066519 A CN117066519 A CN 117066519A CN 202310450330 A CN202310450330 A CN 202310450330A CN 117066519 A CN117066519 A CN 117066519A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 exists in goethite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
- B03C1/015—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by chemical treatment imparting magnetic properties to the material to be separated, e.g. roasting, reduction, oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings, which comprises the following steps: s10: uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings with a certain proportion of reducing agent to obtain a mixed material; drying the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings before and/or after the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are mixed with the reducing agent; s20: carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting on the mixed material to obtain reduction roasted sand; wherein the temperature of the reduction roasting is 900-1200 ℃, and the time of the reduction roasting is 0.5-5 hours; s30: crushing and grinding the reduced calcine; s40: and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on the finely ground reduced calcine to obtain reduced iron powder. According to the method, the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are treated by adopting a high-temperature reduction roasting and magnetic separation process, so that reduced iron powder is obtained, iron resources in the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings can be effectively recovered, the resource utilization rate of the laterite-nickel ore is improved, and meanwhile, the tailing piling cost and risk are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings.
Background
The laterite-nickel ore high pressure acid leaching process (HPAL) is the most advanced laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical process technology at present. The iron in the limonite mainly exists in goethite, and after high-pressure acid leaching, the iron in the raw ore is converted into hematite and enters tailings. The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are stacked in a large amount, so that not only is the land resource occupied, but also the iron resource cannot be utilized efficiently.
Various neutralization and impurity removal reagents are added in the high-pressure acid leaching production process of the laterite nickel ore, so that the complexity of tailings components is increased, and the difficulty of iron resource recovery is objectively improved. When magnetite is formed by low-temperature magnetizing roasting of the tailings, the separation of non-iron impurities and iron is poor, and the iron grade and recovery rate are difficult to improve. In view of the above, there is a need to find a process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings that improves iron grade and recovery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings, which adopts a high-temperature reduction roasting and magnetic separation process to treat the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings to obtain reduced iron powder, so that iron resources in the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings can be effectively recovered, the resource utilization rate of the laterite-nickel ore is improved, and meanwhile, the tailing piling cost and risk are reduced.
The invention provides a process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings, which comprises the following steps:
s10: uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings with a certain proportion of reducing agent to obtain a mixed material; drying the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings before and/or after the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are mixed with the reducing agent;
s20: carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting on the mixed material to obtain reduction calcine; wherein the temperature of the reduction roasting is 900-1200 ℃, and the time of the reduction roasting is 0.5-5 hours;
s30: crushing and grinding the reduced calcine;
s40: and carrying out magnetic separation on the finely ground reduction calcine to obtain reduced iron powder.
In one implementation manner, in the step S10, the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are one or a combination of more of leaching residues of the laterite-nickel ore after high-pressure acid leaching, neutralization residues after pre-neutralization or neutralization tailings after neutralization of the tailings, and the iron content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is 20% -50%.
In one implementation manner, in the step S10, the reducing agent is one or a combination of more of peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite or coke powder, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 3000kcal/kg-7000kcal/kg.
In one implementation manner, in the step S10, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 3% -30% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings.
In one implementation, the step S10 further satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
condition one: before the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are dried, the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are subjected to filter pressing treatment, and the water content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings after filter pressing is 25% -40%; the reducing agent is added before and/or after the filter pressing treatment of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings;
condition II: the drying temperature of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is 100-500 ℃ and the drying time is 0.5-10 hours; the moisture content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings after the drying treatment is lower than 15%.
In one implementation manner, in the step S20, the mixture after the drying treatment is subjected to high-temperature reduction roasting in a reducing atmosphere.
In one possible manner, in the step S20, after the reduced calcine is obtained by high-temperature reduction roasting, the reduced calcine is rapidly discharged into water or cooled in an inert gas atmosphere.
In one possible mode, in the step S30, the mass ratio of the particles having a particle size of 0.074mm or less in the reduced calcine after being crushed and ground is 80% or more.
In one possible manner, in the step S40, wet magnetic separation is adopted for the reduced calcine, and the magnetic field strength is 500GS-3000GS.
In one implementation manner, in the step S40, the reduced iron powder is further subjected to a drying treatment after the magnetic separation, and the reduced iron powder is dried until the water content is below 5%.
In one possible manner, in the step S40, the reduced iron powder is produced to have an iron content of 50% -95%.
The process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings provided by the invention adopts high-temperature reduction roasting, so that the problem that the iron content and recovery rate of a product are difficult to be greatly improved due to poor separation of nonferrous impurities and iron when magnetite is formed by ordinary low-temperature magnetization roasting is effectively solved; the iron-containing material after high-temperature reduction roasting has strong magnetism, so that the reduced iron powder with higher grade can be obtained through weak magnetic separation, thereby reducing equipment cost and production energy consumption. After the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are roasted at high temperature, harmful components in the tailings are further solidified, and the magnetic separation tailings can be used for brickmaking, paving, piling up, building backfilling and the like, and have no secondary pollution. The process method has the advantages of simple operation steps, high iron content of the recovered reduced iron powder and high recovery rate, and is suitable for mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The terms upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, top, bottom and the like (if any) in the description and in the claims are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing relative positions of structures in the figures and in describing relative positions of structures. It should be understood that the use of directional terms should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings in an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings provided in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s10: uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings with a certain proportion of reducing agent to obtain a mixed material; and drying the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings before and/or after the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are mixed with the reducing agent (it is to be noted that when the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are dried after being mixed with the reducing agent, the reducing agent is also dried together, i.e. the mixture is dried);
s20: carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting on the mixed material to obtain reduction calcine; the reduction roasting temperature is 900-1200 ℃ (when the reduction roasting temperature is lower, for example, 700-750 ℃, the main products are ferroferric oxide and ferrous oxide, the magnetism of the ferroferric oxide and ferrous oxide is weaker, the ferroferric oxide and ferrous oxide are not easy to separate by magnetic separation during magnetic separation, so that the separation of non-iron impurities and iron in the material is poor, the iron content and the recovery rate of the product are influenced, when the reduction roasting temperature is 900-1200 ℃, the main products are elemental iron, the elemental iron has strong magnetism, the elemental iron is easy to separate by magnetic separation during magnetic separation, so that the separation of the non-iron impurities and the iron in the material is better, the iron content and the recovery rate of the product are improved, when the reduction roasting temperature is higher, for example, 1200-1300 ℃, the problem of ring formation easily occurs during roasting (namely, the roasting product is adhered to the inner wall of the rotary kiln), the rotary kiln is required to be cleaned frequently after roasting, the production efficiency is influenced, the energy is wasted due to the overhigh roasting temperature), and the reduction roasting time is 0.5-5 hours;
s30: crushing and grinding the reduced calcine;
s40: and carrying out magnetic separation on the finely ground reduction calcine to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic separation tailings, wherein the magnetic concentrate is the reduced iron powder.
Specifically, the process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings provided by the embodiment adopts high-temperature reduction roasting, so that the problem that when magnetite is formed by common low-temperature magnetization roasting, the iron content and recovery rate of a product are difficult to be greatly improved due to poor separation of non-iron impurities and iron is effectively solved; the iron-containing material (reduced calcine) after high-temperature reduction roasting has strong magnetism, so that the reduced iron powder with higher grade can be obtained through weak magnetic separation, thereby reducing equipment cost and production energy consumption. After the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are roasted at high temperature, harmful components in the tailings are further solidified, and the magnetic separation tailings can be used for brickmaking, paving, piling up, building backfilling and the like, and have no secondary pollution. The process method has the advantages of simple operation steps, high iron content of the recovered reduced iron powder and high recovery rate, and is suitable for mass production.
In the step S10, the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are one or more of leaching residues obtained by high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, neutralization residues obtained by pre-neutralization or neutralization tailings obtained by neutralization of the tailings.
As an embodiment, the iron content of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings is 20% -50%, so that the iron content of the produced reduced iron powder is high (i.e., the iron grade of the reduced iron powder is high).
In the step S10, the reducing agent is one or more of peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite or coke powder, and the raw materials are easy to obtain, and other additives are not needed to be added, so that the material cost is saved, and the operation steps are simplified.
As an embodiment, the heating value of the reducing agent is 3000kcal/kg to 7000kcal/kg, so that the temperature of the reduced calcine can be maintained within a set range at the time of calcination.
As an embodiment, in the step S10, the addition amount of the reducing agent (i.e., the mixing ratio of the reducing agent) is 3% -30% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings (i.e., excluding the weight of water in the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings). For example: 0.03kg-0.3kg of reducing agent is required to be added into 1kg (dry weight) of laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings.
In the step S10, before the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are dried, the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are further subjected to filter pressing treatment, and the water content of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings after filter pressing is 25% -40%.
Specifically, as the water content in the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is generally higher (the water content generally reaches 50% -60%), the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are subjected to filter pressing treatment in advance, so that the water content of the tailings is reduced to 25% -40%, and the subsequent drying treatment and high-temperature reduction roasting are facilitated.
As an embodiment, the reducing agent is added before and/or after the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings filter pressing treatment, i.e. the reducing agent can be added to the tailings pulp before filter pressing or to the filter cake after filter pressing; or one part of the reducing agent is added into the tailings pulp before the filter pressing, and the other part of the reducing agent is added into the tailings filter cake after the filter pressing. Preferably, the reducing agent is added before the filter pressing treatment of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings, and the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings before filter pressing contain more water, so that the reducing agent and the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are mixed more uniformly in an aqueous solution environment, that is, the dispersibility of each component in the mixed material is better, the subsequent high-temperature reduction roasting reaction is facilitated, and the recovery rate of the reduced iron powder iron is further improved.
In the step S10, the drying temperature of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is 100-500 ℃ and the drying time is 0.5-10 hours; the moisture content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings after the drying treatment is lower than 15%, so that the subsequent high-temperature reduction roasting is convenient.
In one embodiment, in the step S20, the dried mixture is subjected to high-temperature reduction roasting in a reducing atmosphere (e.g., carbon monoxide gas atmosphere), so that iron in the product is prevented from being oxidized, and the reduction reaction between the tailings and the reducing agent is promoted, thereby improving the reaction rate.
As an embodiment, in the step S20, after the reduced calcine is obtained by high-temperature reduction roasting, the reduced calcine is rapidly discharged into water or an inert gas atmosphere (such as a nitrogen atmosphere, an argon atmosphere, etc.) for cooling, so that the reduced calcine can be rapidly cooled, the production efficiency is improved, and the reverse reaction of the reduced calcine can be prevented; at the same time, the reduced calcine is cooled in water or in an inert gas atmosphere, so that the oxidation of iron in the product can be avoided.
In one embodiment, in the step S20, after the reduced calcine is obtained by high-temperature reduction roasting, the reduced calcine is discharged into water or inert gas atmosphere for cooling within 10 minutes (i.e., the time interval between the completion of high-temperature reduction roasting and the discharge of the reduced calcine into water or inert gas atmosphere).
Preferably, in the step S20, after the reduction calcine is obtained by high-temperature reduction roasting, the reduction calcine is discharged into water or an inert gas atmosphere for cooling within 1 minute.
In one embodiment, in the step S30, the mass ratio of the particles having a particle size of 0.074mm or less in the reduced calcine after being crushed and ground is 80% or more (i.e., the mass of the particles having a particle size of 0.074mm or less in the reduced calcine is 80% or more of the total mass thereof). The reduction calcine is crushed and ground, so that subsequent magnetic separation treatment is facilitated, and the yield of the magnetic concentrate is improved.
In one embodiment, in the step S40, the reduced calcine is subjected to wet magnetic separation, and the magnetic field strength of the wet magnetic separation is 500GS to 3000GS. Because the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are subjected to high-temperature reduction roasting, the iron-containing materials (reduction calcine) after the high-temperature reduction roasting have strong magnetism, and the high-grade reduced iron powder can be obtained through low-intensity magnetic separation, so that the equipment cost and the production energy consumption are reduced.
In one embodiment, in the step S40, the reduced iron powder is further subjected to a drying process after the magnetic separation, and the reduced iron powder is dried to a water content of 5% or less, thereby preventing oxidation of the reduced iron powder.
As an embodiment, in the above step S40, the reduced iron powder is produced to have an iron content of 50% to 95%.
The technical method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts high-temperature reduction roasting, so that the problem that the iron content and recovery rate of a product are difficult to be greatly improved due to poor separation of non-iron impurities and iron when magnetite is formed by common low-temperature magnetization roasting is effectively solved; the iron-containing material (reduced calcine) after high-temperature reduction roasting has strong magnetism, so that the reduced iron powder with higher grade can be obtained through weak magnetic separation, thereby reducing equipment cost and production energy consumption. After the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are roasted at high temperature, harmful components in the tailings are further solidified, and the magnetic separation tailings can be used for brickmaking, paving, piling up, building backfilling and the like, and have no secondary pollution. The process method has the advantages of simple operation steps, high iron content of the recovered reduced iron powder and high recovery rate, and is suitable for mass production.
Example 1
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) of the tailings is 40%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 5% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 120 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 1000 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 66.37% and the iron recovery was 82.25%.
Example two
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) of the tailings is 40%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 5% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 200 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 1050 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 72.22% and the iron recovery was 85.77%.
Example III
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) of the tailings is 30%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 10% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 300 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ to obtain the reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 61.46%, and the iron recovery was 81.98%.
Example IV
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) of the tailings is 50%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 400 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 1025 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 71.32% and the iron recovery 82.02%.
Example five
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) is 45%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 150 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 900 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 64.32% and the iron recovery 83.52%.
Example six
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) is 45%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 150 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ to obtain the reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was 70.32% and the iron recovery was 87.02%.
Example seven
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) is 45%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 150 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ to obtain the reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be about 5 minutes), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 67.28% and the iron recovery was 83.47%.
Comparative example one
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) of the tailings is 40%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 150 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 750 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of the reduced iron powder was measured to be 48.30% and the iron recovery was 81.09%.
Comparative example two
The laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are leached residues by adopting high-pressure acid leaching of the laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content (TFe) is 45%; and adding a reducing agent into the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and uniformly mixing, wherein the reducing agent is reduced coal dust, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore high-pressure acid leaching slag, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 6000kcal/kg. Drying at 150 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and then reducing and roasting at 1300 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the reduced calcine. And (3) performing ball milling to a ratio of-0.074 mm to more than 85% after water cooling of the reduced calcine (controlling the time interval of the reduced calcine discharged into water to be less than 1 minute), and performing magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 1100GS to obtain reduced iron powder. The iron content (TFe) of reduced iron powder was measured to be 70.41% and the iron recovery was 87.22%, but the rotary kiln was found to have serious ring formation.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the invention should be covered. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10: uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings with a certain proportion of reducing agent to obtain a mixed material; drying the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings before and/or after the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are mixed with the reducing agent;
s20: carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting on the mixed material to obtain reduction calcine; wherein the temperature of the reduction roasting is 900-1200 ℃, and the time of the reduction roasting is 0.5-5 hours;
s30: crushing and grinding the reduced calcine;
s40: and carrying out magnetic separation on the finely ground reduction calcine to obtain reduced iron powder.
2. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S10, the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings are one or more of leaching residues after high-pressure acid leaching, neutralization residues after preneutralization or neutralization tailings after tailings neutralization, and the iron content of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings is 20% -50%.
3. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings of claim 1, wherein in the step S10, the reducing agent is one or a combination of more of peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite or coke breeze, and the heat value of the reducing agent is 3000kcal/kg-7000kcal/kg.
4. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S10, the reducing agent is added in an amount of 3% -30% of the dry weight of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings.
5. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S10 further satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
condition one: before the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are dried, the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings are subjected to filter pressing treatment, and the water content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings after filter pressing is 25% -40%; the reducing agent is added before and/or after the filter pressing treatment of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings;
condition II: the drying temperature of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings is 100-500 ℃ and the drying time is 0.5-10 hours; the moisture content of the laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings after the drying treatment is lower than 15%.
6. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S20, after the reduction calcine is obtained by high temperature reduction roasting, the reduction calcine is rapidly discharged into water or cooled in an inert gas atmosphere.
7. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S30, the mass ratio of the particles with the particle size of 0.074mm or less in the reduced calcine after crushing and grinding is 80% or more.
8. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S40, the reduced calcine is subjected to wet magnetic separation, and the magnetic field strength is 500GS-3000GS.
9. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step S40, the reduced iron powder is further subjected to a drying treatment after magnetic separation, and the reduced iron powder is dried to have a water content of 5% or less.
10. The process for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reduced iron powder produced in the step S40 has an iron content of 50% to 95%.
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| CN202310450330.XA CN117066519A (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings |
| PCT/CN2023/117046 WO2024216814A1 (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-09-05 | Process method for recovering iron from hydrometallurgy tailings of lateritic nickel ore |
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| CN202310450330.XA CN117066519A (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Process method for recovering iron from laterite-nickel ore wet smelting tailings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117403057A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
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| CN105129831B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-05-03 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Integrated recovery and utilization method of laterite nickel ore slag |
| CN106498148A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-15 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for reclaiming ferrum in laterite pressure leaching slag |
| CN113528810A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for treating mixture of laterite nickel ore leaching slag and jarosite slag and application |
| CN114774685A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-22 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag |
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| CN117403057A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
| CN117403057B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-08 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
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