CN117027833A - Constant-pressure non-opening-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of steel sleeve - Google Patents
Constant-pressure non-opening-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of steel sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117027833A CN117027833A CN202311224535.2A CN202311224535A CN117027833A CN 117027833 A CN117027833 A CN 117027833A CN 202311224535 A CN202311224535 A CN 202311224535A CN 117027833 A CN117027833 A CN 117027833A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- sleeve
- steel pipe
- steel
- pipe sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The design adopts a steel casing to replace the ground temporary reinforcing body, is particularly suitable for stopping shield tunneling caused by abnormal conditions, has better stability and can ensure the safety of an operation space during operation; a large-scale excavation supporting is not needed; the shield machine is not required to be pressed by a special pressure operator, the design is normal-pressure tool changing, the damage to human bodies is small, and the requirement on operators is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine maintenance, and mainly relates to a method for cleaning a cutter head and changing a cutter without opening a bin under normal pressure under protection of a steel sleeve.
Background
The shield construction is in complicated and changeable underground tunneling, because of investigation is not detailed or data is missing, the phenomenon of cutter abrasion, falling, cutter damage, cutter disc mud cake formation and the like are inevitably generated, in order to solve the problems, a reinforcing body is needed to be made in front of the conventional cutter changing operation, the cutter disc enters a reinforcing body and is opened from the inside of the shield to change the cutter, when the shield works, special reinforcing bodies cannot be arranged in advance, and the problems also need to be rapidly processed because of limited construction period and field. The method is that maintenance personnel need to press the cabin, the time for adapting pressure to the staff is needed for the cabin, the physical quality requirement on the maintenance personnel is high, certain potential safety hazards exist, and the cost is high. There is a great need for an economical and quick tool changing method to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for cleaning a cutter head and changing a cutter without opening a bin under normal pressure under the protection of a steel sleeve.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the technical scheme that:
a normal pressure non-open-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of a steel sleeve comprises the following steps:
1) The position of the ground right above the cutter head of the shield machine is determined by measuring and paying off, and the central line of the cutter head is marked;
2) Stopping the shield machine and keeping the pressure stable;
3) Vertically driving at least 1 steel sleeve with the diameter of 1.5m into the ground in front of the center line of the cutter head by using a full-convolution sleeve drilling machine, extending the steel pipe sleeve to the underground until the bottom of the steel pipe sleeve is level with the bottom of the shield machine, and enabling the outer wall of the steel pipe sleeve to be 0.3-0.5m away from the shield cutter head;
4) Digging a plurality of dewatering wells and underground water level observation wells on two sides of the shield tunneling machine;
5) Pumping water in the steel sleeve and the dewatering well through a water pump to reduce the underground water level to 1m below the central line of the tunnel, thereby improving the self-stability of sandy soil, and then taking out the dregs in the steel sleeve by using a soil taking device, wherein the soil taking depth is 1-2 m below the central line of the shield cutterhead;
6) The steel pipe sleeve is internally ventilated and supplied with air through an air pump and an air pipe, whether the air at the lower layer in the steel pipe sleeve is qualified or not is detected through an air monitoring device, workers take a hanging basket, enter the hanging basket from the steel pipe sleeve, a hole is opened at a tool-changing position to serve as a tool-changing construction operation window, a guide pipe and a steel plate are adopted at the top of the operation window, and the safety of the workers is protected and ensured;
7) Rotating the cutter disc of the shield machine to the position of an operation window by rotating the cutter disc of the shield machine, and cleaning and changing the cutter disc through the operation window;
8) After the tool changing and the cleaning of the cutter head are completed, cleaning sundries in the steel pipe sleeve by a worker and pulling out the steel pipe sleeve;
9) And stopping dewatering operation, and backfilling concrete for the construction hole of the steel sleeve to be closed.
The number of the operation windows is two or more, and the number of the operation windows is determined according to the diameter of the cutterhead.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the normal-pressure non-opening cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under the protection of the steel sleeve, a temporary reinforcing body is not required to be arranged, the steel casing is adopted to replace the ground temporary reinforcing body, the method is particularly suitable for stopping shield tunneling caused by abnormal conditions, the steel casing has good stability, and the safety of an operation space during operation can be ensured; a large-scale excavation supporting is not needed; the shield machine is not required to be pressed by a special pressure operator, the design is normal-pressure tool changing, the damage to human bodies is small, and the requirement on operators is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
According to the method for cleaning the cutter disc and changing the cutter under the protection of the steel sleeve and without opening the cutter disc at normal pressure, which is described in the accompanying drawings, the method comprises the following steps:
1) The position of the ground 8 right above the cutter head of the shield machine is determined by measuring and paying off, and the central line of the cutter head is marked; as shown in fig. 1, the view angle is a top view angle, the shield machine 2 in the drawing is actually under the soil layer, and the shield machine 2 in fig. 1 can be understood as an effect diagram after paying out, and the position of the cutterhead can be clearly understood from the diagram.
2) The shield machine 2 stops working and keeps the pressure stable.
3) At least 1 steel sleeve 1 with the diameter of 1.5m is vertically driven into the ground in front of the center line of the cutter head by using a full-circle sleeve drilling machine, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the steel sleeve 1 extends downwards until the bottom of the steel sleeve 1 is level with the bottom of the shield machine 2, and the outer wall of the steel sleeve 1 is 0.3-0.5m away from the shield cutter head.
4) A plurality of dewatering wells 3 and underground water level observation wells 4 are drilled at two sides of the shield tunneling machine 2; for the water-rich stratum, the underground water level is reduced to a preset elevation, the underground water level is protected by the steel sleeve, and the operation safety is higher. For the stratum with lower groundwater level, the precipitation procedure can be simplified to be the punching of the observation hole, regularly observe groundwater level, prevent that groundwater level from rising suddenly, influence operating personnel safety.
5) The steel sleeve 1 and the dewatering well 3 are internally pumped by a water pump to carry out dewatering, and the underground water level is reduced to 1m below the central line of the tunnel, so that the self-stability of sandy soil is improved, then the soil sampler is utilized to take out the dregs in the steel sleeve, and the soil sampling depth is 1-2 m below the central line of the shield cutter head.
6) The steel pipe sleeve 1 is internally ventilated and supplied with air through the air pump 5 and the air pipe, whether the air at the lower layer in the steel pipe sleeve 1 is qualified or not is detected through the air monitoring device, workers take the hanging basket 6 and enter the hanging basket from the upper part of the steel pipe sleeve 1, a hole with the width of 300mm and the height of 1m is formed in a tool-changing position to serve as a tool-changing construction operation window 7, a guide pipe and a steel plate are adopted at the top of the operation window 7, and the safety of the workers is ensured by protection; the water level of the underground water is reduced through the step 5), so that the self-stability of sandy soil is improved, and in addition, the top of the operation window 7 adopts a guide pipe and a steel plate, so that double insurance is realized, and the safety of workers is ensured.
7) The cutter head of the shield machine 2 rotates to the position of an operation window, and the cutter head is cleaned and changed through the operation window 7; if the operation window 7 can be cleaned and the cutter disc position of the cutter is cleaned, starting the 2 nd operation window at the lower side of the current operation window 7, and cleaning other parts of the cutter disc. And so on, the 3 rd or even more operation windows can be opened until all positions of the cutterhead are cleaned. When the working window below the 2 nd working window is cleaned, the working window above the working window needs to be subjected to temporary window sealing operation, so that the situation that slag soil falls from the working window at a high position to enter the steel sleeve is avoided, and the safety of operators is endangered. .
8) After the tool changing and the cleaning of the cutter head are completed, cleaning sundries in the steel pipe sleeve 1 by a worker and pulling out the steel pipe sleeve 1;
9) Stopping dewatering operation, backfilling concrete sealing the construction hole of the steel pipe sleeve, and recovering the shield tunneling machine after the concrete strength reaches the requirement.
The steel pipe sleeve 1 is adopted to replace a ground temporary reinforcing body, the shield tunneling is stopped due to abnormal conditions, the steel pipe sleeve 1 has good stability, the safety of an operation space during operation can be ensured, soil around a cutterhead does not need to be reinforced, the operation of the steel pipe sleeve 1 can be carried out in a preliminary preparation time period, the steel pipe sleeve 1 is pulled out after the operation is finished, and the tunneling can be recovered after the backfilling compaction of drilling holes is completed and the strength requirement is met.
The design does not need maintenance personnel to enter from the inside of the shield machine 2, does not need special pressure operators to enter the shield machine 2 under pressure, and can operate outside the shield machine, so that the normal-pressure tool changing is realized, the damage to human bodies is small, and the requirement on operators is low.
After the steel pipe sleeve 1 is arranged, the operation windows 7 can be formed in a layered mode according to needs, the cutter head of the shield machine rotates, the position of the cutter head needing to be cleaned or changed is rotated to the position of the operation window 7, and the cleaning and the cutter changing operation of the whole cutter head can be completed by forming the operation window for 1-2 times. For cutter head changing operation with extremely short required time, a plurality of steel pipe sleeves 1 can be arranged, and a plurality of working surfaces can be simultaneously provided for simultaneous operation so as to further improve the operation efficiency.
The above is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (2)
1. A method for cleaning a cutter disc and changing a cutter without opening the cutter disc under normal pressure under the protection of a steel sleeve is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) The position of the ground right above the cutter head of the shield machine is determined by measuring and paying off, and the central line of the cutter head is marked;
2) Stopping the shield machine and keeping the pressure stable;
3) Vertically driving at least 1 steel sleeve with the diameter of 1.5m into the ground in front of the center line of the cutter head by using a full-convolution sleeve drilling machine, extending the steel pipe sleeve to the underground until the bottom of the steel pipe sleeve is level with the bottom of the shield machine, and enabling the outer wall of the steel pipe sleeve to be 0.3-0.5m away from the shield cutter head;
4) Digging a plurality of dewatering wells and underground water level observation wells on two sides of the shield tunneling machine;
5) Pumping water in the steel sleeve and the dewatering well through a water pump to reduce the underground water level to 1m below the central line of the tunnel, thereby improving the self-stability of sandy soil, and then taking out the dregs in the steel sleeve by using a soil taking device, wherein the soil taking depth is 1-2 m below the central line of the shield cutterhead;
6) The steel pipe sleeve is internally ventilated and supplied with air through an air pump and an air pipe, whether the air at the lower layer in the steel pipe sleeve is qualified or not is detected through an air monitoring device, workers take a hanging basket, enter the hanging basket from the steel pipe sleeve, a hole is opened at a tool-changing position to serve as a tool-changing construction operation window, a guide pipe and a steel plate are adopted at the top of the operation window, and the safety of the workers is protected and ensured;
7) Rotating the cutter disc of the shield machine to the position of an operation window by rotating the cutter disc of the shield machine, and cleaning and changing the cutter disc through the operation window;
8) After the tool changing and the cleaning of the cutter head are completed, cleaning sundries in the steel pipe sleeve by a worker and pulling out the steel pipe sleeve;
9) And stopping dewatering operation, and backfilling concrete for the construction hole of the steel pipe sleeve for sealing.
2. The method for cleaning the cutter disc and changing the cutter without opening the cutter disc under normal pressure under the protection of the steel sleeve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of the operation windows is two or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311224535.2A CN117027833A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | Constant-pressure non-opening-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of steel sleeve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311224535.2A CN117027833A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | Constant-pressure non-opening-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of steel sleeve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117027833A true CN117027833A (en) | 2023-11-10 |
Family
ID=88628476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311224535.2A Pending CN117027833A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | Constant-pressure non-opening-bin cutter head cleaning and cutter changing method under protection of steel sleeve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117027833A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-09-21 CN CN202311224535.2A patent/CN117027833A/en active Pending
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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