CN116839431A - Two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device and method for fuze warranty - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device and method for fuse decryption, and belongs to the technical field of fuse security decryption systems and environment identification. The device mainly comprises four parts: the device comprises a controller part, a power supply part, an acceleration detection part and a data storage and communication part. The system can sense and store characteristic parameters of ballistic environments in the whole process of missile launching, flying and impacting, the device uses acceleration sensors in two different range ranges, the two accelerometers do not work simultaneously, and the effective conversion of acquired data is realized by setting reasonable transfer relations and conversion algorithms and using accelerometers in corresponding magnitudes in the ballistic environment stages of different overloads, so that low acceleration overload in the magnitude of ten G in the launching and flying process and ultra-high acceleration overload in the magnitude of ten thousand G in the missile impacting process are precisely sensed and stored, and false triggering caused by vibration and impact in the transportation process is effectively avoided. In addition, the device uses a microprocessor with low power consumption as a main control, and can realize long-time standby.

Description

Two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device and method for fuze warranty

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuze safety solution protection systems and environment identification, in particular to a two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device and method for fuze safety solution protection.

Technical Field

The ballistic environment characteristic parameter sensing has important significance on weapon ammunition such as shells, missiles and the like, and is mainly used for inputting environment information of an electronic safety and arming device. The electronic fuze is a core component for ensuring the safety of the modern ammunition, and the electronic fuze uses environmental information, target information or instruction information to release insurance according to specified time and program, so that the ammunition is in a state to be ignited. The usual way of resolving the fuse is to set an acceleration threshold, i.e. to use an accelerometer to detect an overload of acceleration of one of the ballistic environment characteristic parameters, and to determine whether the detected acceleration value exceeds the set acceleration threshold, and further to determine whether to resolve the fuse.

Before the missile hits the target, impact overload perceived by the accelerometer is divided into transient overload and steady-state overload. The transient impact overload, namely acceleration generated by short-time impact, such as impact overload generated by accidental collision and drop, can lead the fuze to be released in advance, and cause potential safety hazards, so that a mode of setting an acceleration threshold value by using a single inertia meter has larger potential safety hazards; steady-state acceleration overload is a relatively long-term steady acceleration effect, such as the propulsive force of a missile when launched, so the acceleration that the accelerometer needs to sense before the missile hits the target is steady-state overload.

After the missile approaches the target, the detonation time is divided into three types: when the delayed detonation is used, the projectile is drilled into a target or deep in a stratum for a certain delay time to explode, so that the explosive destructive power is improved, and the missile has a complete striking process when the delayed detonation is used. The missile can generate acceleration overload of ten thousand G magnitude when being impacted, and the steady acceleration process in the missile launching and flying process is only of ten G magnitude, so that the low acceleration of ten G magnitude and the ultra-high acceleration of ten thousand G magnitude are required to be detected.

In the above application environment, the following problems need to be overcome: detecting ultra-high acceleration of the magnitude of ten thousand G generated when the missile is impacted; the missile has limited volume and limited energy provided by missile loading, and the device has to be designed with low power consumption and miniaturization; and false triggering caused by vibration and collision in the transportation process is avoided. He Bo ^[1] He Bo, yan Zhichen, lou Wen Zhong, etc. Individual soldier patrol projectile weak ballistic environment intelligent perception system [ J]The intelligent sensing system of weak ballistic environment of individual patrol projectile designed by detection and control school newspaper, 2021 and the like adopts double low range<100g) The acceleration carries out ballistic environment sensing, so that overload can be accurately and reliably sensed, but the requirement of ultra-high overload of ten thousand G magnitude generated when the missile is sensed to be impacted under the application condition cannot be met; wang Ya ^[2] Wang Ya, guo Kaixin Multi-sensor fused ballistic environmental parameter storage test System study [ J]The ballistic environment parameter storage test system with the combination of multiple sensors designed by the weapon equipment engineering newspaper, 2020 and the like adopts a mode of using multiple accelerometers with different ranges in parallel to perform ballistic environment acceleration sensing, so that ultrahigh acceleration overload can be sensed, but due to the fact that a solution protection mode of setting a single acceleration threshold is used, false triggering caused by vibration and collision in the missile transportation process cannot be effectively avoided under the application condition, and meanwhile, due to the fact that multiple accelerometers and a high-performance microcontroller are used in parallel, low-power consumption design cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the problems, the intelligent sensing device for the two-stage ballistic environment for fuze solution protection is provided, and senses and stores characteristic parameters of ballistic environment in the whole process of missile launching, flying and impacting, the device uses acceleration sensors in two different range ranges, the two accelerometers do not work simultaneously, but use accelerometers in corresponding magnitudes in the ballistic environment stages of different overloads through setting reasonable transfer relations and conversion algorithms, so that effective conversion of acquired data is realized, and further low acceleration overload in the magnitude of hundred-gram in the launching flying process and ultra-high acceleration overload in the magnitude of ten-thousand-gram in the missile impacting process are accurately sensed and stored, and false triggering caused by vibration and impact in the transportation process is effectively avoided. In addition, the device uses a microprocessor with low power consumption as a main control, and can realize long-time standby.

Therefore, the system can realize the collection of the ten thousand G-level overload, effectively avoid false triggering caused by vibration and collision in the transportation process, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and low power consumption.

The invention provides a two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device for fuze decryption, wherein a system block diagram is shown in fig. 1, and a system hardware scheme mainly comprises four parts: the device comprises a controller part, a power supply part, an acceleration detection part and a data storage and communication part.

A controller part: the controller portion is shown in phantom and is an integrated microcontroller that includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), internal memory, and various peripherals. The system needs to use the most basic General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) peripheral, and as for the ADC peripheral and the communication interface peripheral, the micro-control internal integrated peripheral can be used, and the external peripheral can also be used. The microcontroller shown in phantom in the figure uses an ADC peripheral and a communication interface peripheral integrated inside the chip.

A power supply section: the part consists of a battery and two voltage regulators. The system is powered by a battery, and the battery energy is regulated and output through two voltage regulators, wherein the output of the voltage regulator 1 supplies power for a microcontroller and a low accelerometer; the voltage stabilizer 2 supplies power to the high accelerometer, and meanwhile, an enabling pin (EN) of the voltage stabilizer 2 is connected to a main control chip through GPIO and enabled by a main control;

acceleration detection portion: the part consists of a high accelerometer, a low accelerometer, an ADC peripheral and a communication interface peripheral. The high accelerometer outputs analog signals when detecting acceleration, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals after being externally arranged through the ADC and are output to the main control chip; the low accelerometer outputs a digital signal when detecting acceleration, and performs data transmission with the main control chip through a proper communication interface, and meanwhile, an interrupt output pin INT of the low accelerometer is connected to the main control chip through GPIO.

The low accelerometer is a low-range triaxial accelerometer with the weight less than 100 g; for measuring low accelerations;

the high accelerometer is a high-range accelerometer smaller than 200000g and is used for measuring high acceleration when a missile is impacted.

Data storage and communication part: the part is composed of a memory, a communication interface and an upper computer. The memory and the upper computer carry out data interaction with the controller through a proper communication interface, the data interaction is bidirectional, the controller stores acceleration data obtained by detecting the acceleration detection part into the memory through the communication interface, and meanwhile, the controller can read the data in the memory through the communication interface; the upper computer can obtain a corresponding result, such as obtaining data in the memory, by sending a response instruction or signal.

Supplementary explanation this ballistic environment intelligence perception system hardware design scheme is as follows:

(1) The controller chip with the low power consumption characteristic is selected as the main control, the requirement of long standby time of the device, namely low power consumption design is met, an external analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a communication interface can be used according to actual conditions, and an ADC and a communication interface peripheral which are arranged in the chip can also be used. The ADC is used for sampling an analog signal output by the high accelerometer, and the main controller is used for carrying out data interaction with the low accelerometer, the external memory and the upper computer through the communication interface;

(2) The low-range (< 100 g) triaxial accelerometer is selected for measuring low acceleration, and the inertial sensor with low power consumption characteristic is recommended to be selected, so that the power consumption of the system can be reduced, and meanwhile, the low accelerometer and the main control chip can perform rapid data interaction through the communication interface;

(3) An ultra-high range (< 200000 g) accelerometer is selected to measure high acceleration when the missile is impacted, and an MEMS sensor is recommended to be used so as to meet the design requirements of light weight and miniaturization;

(4) A memory with non-volatility is selected for storing the data measured by the sensor;

two voltage regulators are selected to respectively supply power to the microcontroller and the high acceleration sensor, wherein an enabling pin (EN) of a voltage stabilizing chip for supplying power to the high acceleration sensor is enabled by the microcontroller, when the missile collision is detected, the chip is enabled to supply power to the high acceleration sensor, and the voltage stabilizing chip does not work when the missile is idle, so that the system power consumption is reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, the flow of the two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing method for fuze protection is as follows:

step 1: initializing a system: and initializing a main control chip and various peripheral devices.

Step 2: starting a low accelerometer;

step 3: writing low accelerometer data to memory: the main controller polls the low accelerometer values and stores the acceleration data into an external memory.

Step 4: judging whether to convert the accelerometer;

the judging conditions are as follows: whether the low acceleration data collected in the B millisecond is larger than A g after low-pass filtering,

range of a: <50g, b range: the values of a and B are adjusted according to the actual situation. If the condition is satisfied, step 5 is performed, and if the condition is not satisfied, step 9 is skipped.

Step 5: turning off the low accelerometer;

step 6: enabling EN, turning on a voltage regulator that powers the high accelerometer;

step 7: starting a high accelerometer;

step 8: writing high acceleration data into a memory;

the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the memory is full;

in the actual design, reasonable time length for writing data is selected according to actual conditions, so that the required sensing time length is matched with the writing time length supported by the memory capacity, and the time length can be adjusted by the memory capacity and the writing speed;

step 10: the system enters a standby mode;

step 11: it is determined whether the low accelerometer interrupt signal pin INT is set high.

If the low accelerometer interrupt signal pin INT is high, indicating that the system is subject to a certain amount of acceleration, the process jumps to step 2, otherwise, the process returns to step 10 to bring the system into standby.

The hardware part of the intelligent sensing device for the two-stage ballistic environment for fuze protection uses the micro controller with ultra-low power consumption as the main controller, the low power consumption characteristic of the device is ensured to realize ultra-long standby time, the high-low dual MEMS accelerometer is used for converting the ballistic environment characteristic parameters to realize sensing and storage of the acceleration of ten thousand G magnitude in collision, meanwhile, the high-low dual accelerometer is used for effectively avoiding the safety problem caused by transient acceleration and collecting and storing invalid data, and the device selects a ferroelectric memory chip with non-volatility and uses a cyclic writing mode to realize reliable storage of the collected parameters with extremely small memory resource occupation of the main control chip.

In a word, the system can realize the sensing storage of the acceleration of the magnitude of ten thousand G, and has the characteristics of ultra-low power consumption, high safety, high reliability and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system hardware design block diagram of the present ballistic environment intelligent awareness system;

FIG. 2 is a workflow diagram of the present ballistic environment intelligence awareness system;

FIG. 3 is a two-stage ballistic environment intelligent awareness apparatus for fuze disavowal in an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of test results in an embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of reading data in a memory through a serial port in an embodiment.

Specific implementation example:

in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the system block diagram mainly includes four parts: the device comprises a controller part, a power supply part, an acceleration detection part and a data storage and communication part. The system hardware design is as follows:

(1) An STM32L010F4 chip with ultra-low power consumption characteristic is selected as a main control, the requirements of long standby time and low power consumption design of the device are met, an analog signal output by a high accelerometer is sampled by using an ADC peripheral in the chip, data interaction is performed between the high accelerometer and an external memory by using an SPI interface, and an external interface is led out by using a serial port;

(2) The triaxial accelerometer ADXL345 is used for measuring low acceleration, and the inertial sensor has the advantage of ultra-low power consumption: in the normal measurement process, when the power supply voltage is 2.5V, the working current is only 23 mu A, and when the inertial sensor is in standby, the working current is only 0.1 mu A, and meanwhile, the SPI interface is used for carrying out rapid data interaction with the master control STM32L010F 4;

(3) The BM1001X type ten thousand G range accelerometer is selected to measure the high acceleration of the missile during the collision, the chip has small volume and light weight, can meet the requirement of light weight design, has good working stability and high reliability, and simultaneously uses the AD8226 amplifier chip to amplify the analog signal output by the high accelerometer by five times.

(4) The ferroelectric memory FM25V10 with nonvolatile property is used for storing data measured by the sensor, the ferroelectric memory does not need to use a charge pump circuit to generate high voltage for data erasure, and has higher writing speed, so that writing delay does not exist, and simultaneously, the SPI interface is used for data interaction with the master control chip STM32L010F4, so that the requirement of a system on acquisition speed is ensured;

(5) Two low dropout linear regulators TPS70933 are selected to respectively supply power to the microcontroller and the high acceleration sensor BM1001X, wherein an EN pin of an LDO chip for supplying power to the high acceleration sensor BM1001X is enabled by the microcontroller, when the missile collision is detected, the LDO is enabled to supply power to the high acceleration sensor, and when the missile is idle, the LDO does not work so as to meet the requirement of low power consumption of a system;

(6) The data communication part of the device can adopt an RS422 serial port communication mode, the serial port is used for information interaction between the device and an upper computer, the upper computer can acquire the working state of the device through the serial port, send instructions such as AD acquisition and system dormancy to the device, and can also read data stored in the FRAM.

In this embodiment, the program flow of the two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing method for fuze protection is as follows:

step 1: initializing a system: and initializing a main control chip and various peripheral devices.

Step 2: starting a low accelerometer;

step 3: writing low accelerometer data to memory: the master controller polls the low accelerometer values and stores the acceleration data in memory.

Step 4: judging whether to convert the accelerometer;

the judging conditions are as follows: the low acceleration data collected in the B millisecond is continuously greater than A g after low pass filtering, in this embodiment, the value of a is 10g, and the value of B is 70ms.

If the condition is satisfied, step 5 is performed, and if the condition is not satisfied, step 9 is skipped.

Step 5: turning off the low accelerometer;

step 6: enabling EN, turning on a voltage regulator that powers the high accelerometer;

step 7: starting a high accelerometer;

step 8: writing high acceleration data into a memory;

the method comprises the following steps: and judging whether the memory is full or not.

In the actual design, reasonable time length for writing data is selected according to actual conditions, so that the required sensing time length is matched with the writing time length supported by the memory capacity, and the time length can be adjusted by the memory capacity and the writing speed;

step 10: the system enters a standby mode;

step 11: it is determined whether the low accelerometer interrupt signal pin INT is set high.

Setting a judging condition for judging the conversion of the high accelerometer and the low accelerometer in the program method as follows: the low acceleration is greater than 10g for 70ms continuously. The test chart is shown in fig. 4, and the actual conversion time is 70ms.

After the actual target range test, the data in the memory is read out through the serial port, and the obtained data is shown in fig. 5.

The following references: [1] he Bo, yan Zhichen, roquette Wen Zhong, etc. the intelligent sensing system for weak ballistic environment of individual patrol projectile [ J ]. The detection and control academic report, 2021 [2] Wang Ya, guo Kaixin. The multi-sensor integrated ballistic environment parameter storage test system research [ J ]. The technical academic report for weapon equipment, 2020.

Claims (4)

1. The intelligent sensing device for the two-stage ballistic environment for fuze protection is characterized by comprising a controller part, a power supply part, an acceleration detection part and a data storage and communication part;

the controller part is an integrated microcontroller, which comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an internal memory and various peripheral devices;

the power supply part consists of a battery and two voltage regulators; the system is powered by a battery, and the battery energy is regulated and output through two voltage regulators, wherein the output of the voltage regulator 1 supplies power for a microcontroller and a low accelerometer; the voltage stabilizer 2 supplies power to the high accelerometer, and meanwhile, an enabling pin EN of the voltage stabilizer 2 is connected to a main control chip through GPIO and enabled by a main control;

the acceleration detection part consists of a high accelerometer, a low accelerometer, an ADC peripheral and a communication interface peripheral; the high accelerometer outputs analog signals when detecting acceleration, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals after being externally arranged through the ADC and are output to the main control chip; the low accelerometer outputs a digital signal when detecting acceleration, and performs data transmission with the main control chip through a proper communication interface, and meanwhile, an interrupt output pin INT of the low accelerometer is connected to the main control chip through GPIO;

the data storage and communication part consists of a memory, a communication interface and an upper computer; the memory and the upper computer carry out data interaction with the controller through a proper communication interface, the data interaction is bidirectional, the controller stores acceleration data obtained by detecting the acceleration detection part into the memory through the communication interface, and meanwhile, the controller can read the data in the memory through the communication interface; the upper computer obtains a corresponding result by sending a response instruction or signal.

2. The two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device for fuze demarcation of claim 1, wherein the low accelerometer is a low range tri-axial accelerometer of less than 100g for measuring low acceleration.

3. A two-stage ballistic environment intelligent sensing device for fuze demasking according to claim 1, wherein the high accelerometer is a high range accelerometer of less than 200000g for measuring high acceleration at the time of missile impact.

4. The intelligent sensing method for the two-stage ballistic environment for fuze protection is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1: initializing a system: initializing a main control chip and various peripheral devices;

step 2: starting a low accelerometer;

step 3: writing low accelerometer data to memory: the main controller polls the value of the low accelerometer, and then stores the acceleration data into an external memory;

step 4: judging whether to convert the accelerometer;

the judging conditions are as follows: whether the low acceleration data collected in the B millisecond is larger than Ag after low-pass filtering,

range of a: <50g, b range: the values of a and B are adjusted according to the actual situation. If the condition is met, step 5 is carried out, and if the condition is not met, step 9 is skipped;

step 5: turning off the low accelerometer;

step 6: enabling EN, turning on a voltage regulator that powers the high accelerometer;

step 7: starting a high accelerometer;

step 8: writing high acceleration data into a memory;

the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the memory is full;

step 10: the system enters a standby mode;

step 11: judging whether the interrupt signal pin INT of the low accelerometer is high;

if the low accelerometer interrupt signal pin INT is high, indicating that the system is subject to a certain amount of acceleration, the process jumps to step 2, otherwise, the process returns to step 10 to bring the system into standby.