CN116773416A - Automatic monitoring device and method for atmospheric particulate matters - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring device and method for atmospheric particulate matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN116773416A CN116773416A CN202310766479.9A CN202310766479A CN116773416A CN 116773416 A CN116773416 A CN 116773416A CN 202310766479 A CN202310766479 A CN 202310766479A CN 116773416 A CN116773416 A CN 116773416A
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005250 beta ray Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008277 atmospheric particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000201246 Cycloloma atriplicifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic monitoring device and a monitoring method for atmospheric particulates, which belong to the technical field of atmospheric particulates monitoring, and comprise a bracket and further comprise the following steps: the filter paper belt capable of attaching to the atmospheric particulates is used for enabling the filter paper belt to move, the moving assembly is arranged on the support and used for attaching the atmospheric particulates to the filter paper belt, the monitoring assembly is arranged on the support and used for monitoring the atmospheric particulates attached to the filter paper belt, and the scraping mechanism is used for attaching the atmospheric particulates remained in the monitoring assembly to the filter paper belt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric particulate monitoring, in particular to an automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device and an automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring method.
Background
The atmospheric environment has a critical influence on the life and health of people, and is therefore particularly important for monitoring particulate matters in the atmospheric environment. Atmospheric particulates are a generic term for solid or liquid particulate matter dispersed in the atmosphere. Atmospheric particulates having a particle size of 0.01 μm to 100 μm are collectively referred to as total suspended particulate TSP. And PM10 and PM2.5 refer to atmospheric particulates having an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively. PM10 is also known as respirable particulate matter, which the World Health Organization (WHO) refers to as particulate matter that can enter the chest; PM2.5 is able to enter the alveoli of the human body, known as lung particulate matter. The current automatic monitoring method of the atmospheric particulates comprises the following steps: beta-ray absorption method, micro-oscillation balance method and light scattering method.
At present, when atmospheric particulates are monitored, the atmospheric particulates are required to be conveyed through a pipeline, and the particulate matters in the atmosphere can be attached to the pipeline, so that the quantity of the atmospheric particulates to be monitored can be reduced, and the monitoring accuracy is affected. Therefore, the invention discloses an automatic monitoring device and a monitoring method for atmospheric particulate matters.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned and/or problems occurring in the prior automatic monitoring device and monitoring method for atmospheric particulate matter.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic monitoring device and a monitoring method for atmospheric particulate matters, which can solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
atmospheric particulates automatic monitoring device, it includes the support, still includes:
a filter paper belt capable of attaching to atmospheric particulates;
a moving assembly for moving the filter paper band, the moving assembly being mounted on the bracket;
the monitoring component is used for attaching the atmospheric particulates to the filter paper belt and also can monitor the atmospheric particulates attached to the filter paper belt, and is arranged on the bracket;
and the scraping mechanism is used for attaching the atmospheric particulates remained in the monitoring assembly to the filter paper belt, and the scraping mechanism is arranged on the monitoring assembly.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the bracket comprises:
a bottom plate;
the side plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the top of the bottom plate;
and the top plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the side plate.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the moving assembly includes:
the left side of the side plate is rotationally connected with the release roller through a bearing, and a paper filtering belt is wound on the release roller;
the right side of the side plate is rotationally connected with the winding roller through a bearing, and one end of the filter paper belt is fixedly arranged on the winding roller;
and the two ends of the side plate are rotatably connected with the guide roller through bearings, and the guide roller is contacted with the filter paper belt.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the monitoring assembly includes:
the support plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the side plate, and the top of the support plate is contacted with the filter paper belt;
the through holes are formed in the inner wall of the supporting plate;
the two ends of the inner wall of the through hole are fixedly provided with support rods;
the beta-ray detector is fixedly arranged between the two groups of support rods;
and the beta ray source is positioned right above the beta ray detector and is arranged on the scraping mechanism.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the monitoring assembly further comprises:
the first air inlet hard pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top plate;
the second air inlet hard pipe is connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the first air inlet hard pipe in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged between the second air inlet hard pipe and the first air inlet hard pipe, and the top end of the second air inlet hard pipe is sunken towards the inner side;
the two ends of the bottom of the top plate are fixedly provided with the air cylinders;
the output ends of the two groups of air cylinders are fixedly provided with a group of lifting plates through piston rods, and the inner walls of the lifting plates are fixedly provided with second air inlet hard pipes;
the sealing plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the first air inlet hard pipe;
the hollow pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the top end of the first air inlet hard pipe;
the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the hollow pipe;
the fan is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hollow tube.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the scraping mechanism includes:
the scraping component is used for scraping the atmospheric particulates remained in the first air inlet hard pipe and the second air inlet hard pipe, and is arranged in the first air inlet hard pipe;
a descending assembly for descending the scraping assembly, and the descending assembly is mounted on the sealing plate;
and a lifting assembly for lifting the removing assembly, and the lifting assembly is mounted on the top plate.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the doctoring assembly includes:
the scraping block is connected in the first air inlet hard pipe in a sliding manner, the diameter of the scraping block is the same as the inner diameter of the first air inlet hard pipe, and a sealing ring is arranged between the scraping block and the first air inlet hard pipe;
the scraping rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the scraping block, the beta-ray source is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the scraping rod, and the diameter of the scraping rod is the same as the inner diameter of the second air inlet hard pipe;
and the vibration motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the first air inlet hard pipe.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the descent assembly includes:
the fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the sealing plate;
the air pump is fixedly arranged on the top of the fixing frame;
the first pipeline is fixedly arranged on the input end of the air pump;
the T-shaped block is connected to the inner wall of the top end of the first pipeline in a threaded manner;
the filter screen is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the T-shaped block;
the second pipeline is fixedly arranged at the output end of the air pump, and one end of the second pipeline is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sealing plate.
As a preferable mode of the automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulate matter according to the present invention, wherein: the lifting assembly includes:
the fixed plates are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the top plate;
the rotating shaft is rotationally connected between the two groups of fixed plates through a bearing;
the spool is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft;
one end of the nylon rope is fixedly arranged on the spool, the nylon rope is wound on the spool, and the other end of the nylon rope penetrates through the sealing plate and is fixedly arranged on the top of the scraping block;
the servo motor is fixedly arranged on a group of fixing plates, and an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.
The automatic monitoring method of the atmospheric particulates comprises the following specific steps:
step one: the lifting plate drives the second air inlet hard tube to descend through the air cylinder until the bottom end of the second air inlet hard tube is contacted with the filter paper belt, at the moment, the air is sprayed on the filter paper belt through the first air inlet hard tube and the second air inlet hard tube through the fan, at the moment, particles in the air can remain on the filter paper belt to form a detection area, and the air can pass through the filter paper belt to be discharged;
step two: when the quantity of the delivered atmosphere accords with a set value, the electromagnetic valve and the fan are closed to prevent the atmosphere from flowing into the first air inlet hard tube, then the atmosphere flows into the first air inlet hard tube through the filter screen, the first pipeline and the second pipeline through the air pump to realize extrusion of the scraping block, so that the scraping block descends, when the scraping block descends, the particles remained on the side wall of the first air inlet hard tube are scraped to enable the residual particles to move downwards, when the scraping rod is inserted into the second air inlet hard tube, the particles remained on the side wall of the second air inlet hard tube are scraped to enable the residual particles to move downwards, and meanwhile, the first air inlet hard tube and the second air inlet hard tube are vibrated through the vibration motor to further improve the scraping effect, and when the atmosphere passes through the filter screen, the particles in the atmosphere are filtered to prevent the particles from flowing into the first air inlet hard tube;
step three: when the scraping block is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube, scraping is completed, and scraped particles fall on a detection area on the filter paper belt, wherein when the scraping block is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube, a certain space exists between the beta-ray source and the filter paper belt;
step four: after the scraping block is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube, the detection area is irradiated by a beta ray source, and at the moment, beta rays transmitted through the detection area are detected by a beta ray detector, so that the detection of the particulate matters in the detection area according to the loss of the beta rays is realized;
step five: after the detection is finished, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the spool is driven to rotate through the servo motor, so that the spool winds the nylon rope, the nylon rope pulls the scraping block to ascend until the scraping block is restored to the original position, and when the scraping block descends, the spool is required to rotate through the servo motor, so that the nylon rope can be released;
step six: after the detection is finished, the filter paper strip is released by the release roller, and is wound by the winding roller, so that the filter paper strip moves until the clean filter paper strip is positioned above the beta-ray detector, and the filter paper strip is detected next time.
Compared with the prior art:
1. through setting up scraping mechanism, have the effect that can realize adhering to the filter paper area with the atmospheric particulates that remains in monitoring module, through adhering to the filter paper area with the atmospheric particulates that remains in monitoring module, have can avoid reducing the atmospheric particulates quantity of waiting to monitor, and then can improve the monitoring accuracy;
2. the beta-ray source is arranged on the scraping mechanism, so that the monitoring can be realized without removing the second air inlet hard tube, the contact between the to-be-detected area and the external atmosphere can be avoided, other particles are prevented from being attached to the detection area, the monitoring efficiency is improved, and the monitoring accuracy is further improved;
3. through the top setting with the second hard tube that admits air is inwards sunken, have and avoid the particulate matter to remain on the top of hard tube that admits air to the second, and then can further improve the monitoring accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the bracket of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a side plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lifter plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic elevation view of a partial structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 6B according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fixing frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the lift assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: support 10, bottom plate 11, side plate 12, top plate 13, filter belt 20, moving assembly 30, release roller 31, winding roller 32, guide roller 33, monitoring assembly 40, support plate 41, through hole 42, support rod 43, beta-ray detector 44, first air intake hard tube 45, second air intake hard tube 46, cylinder 47, lifting plate 48, sealing plate 49, hollow tube 50, solenoid valve 51, fan 52, beta-ray source 53, scraping assembly 60, scraping block 61, scraping rod 62, vibration motor 63, descending assembly 70, fixing frame 71, air pump 72, first pipe 73, T-shaped block 74, filter screen 75, second pipe 76, ascending assembly 80, fixing plate 81, rotating shaft 82, spool 83, nylon rope 84, servo motor 85.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an automatic monitoring device for atmospheric particulates, referring to fig. 1-9, comprising a bracket 10;
the stand 10 includes: a bottom plate 11, side plates 12, and a top plate 13;
the side plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the top side of the bottom plate 11, and the top plate 13 is fixedly mounted on the top of the side plate 12.
Further comprises: a filter paper band 20 capable of attaching atmospheric particulates, a moving assembly 30 for moving the filter paper band 20, a scraping mechanism for attaching atmospheric particulates to the filter paper band 20, and for attaching atmospheric particulates remaining in the monitoring assembly 40 to the filter paper band 20;
and the moving assembly 30 is mounted on the support 10 and is also capable of monitoring the monitoring assembly 40 for atmospheric particulates attached to the filter paper band 20, and the monitoring assembly 40 is mounted on the support 10 and the scraping mechanism is provided on the monitoring assembly 40.
The moving assembly 30 includes: a release roller 31, a wind roller 32, and a guide roller 33;
the left side of curb plate 12 passes through bearing rotation connection release roller 31, release roller 31 is connected with outside first motor, and outside first motor installs on the opposite side of curb plate 12, and the winding has filter paper area 20 on release roller 31, the right side of curb plate 12 passes through bearing rotation connection winding roller 32, winding roller 32 is connected with outside second motor, and outside second motor installs on the opposite side of curb plate 12, outside first motor and outside second motor synchronous and same speed operation, and filter paper area 20's one end fixed mounting is on winding roller 32, the both ends of curb plate 12 all pass through bearing rotation connection guide roll 33, and guide roll 33 contacts with filter paper area 20.
The monitoring assembly 40 includes: the support plate 41, the through hole 42, the support rod 43, the beta-ray detector 44, the first air inlet hard pipe 45, the second air inlet hard pipe 46, the air cylinder 47, the lifting plate 48, the sealing plate 49, the hollow pipe 50, the electromagnetic valve 51, the fan 52 and the beta-ray source 53;
the backup pad 41 fixed mounting is on one side of curb plate 12, and the top of backup pad 41 contacts with filter paper area 20, the through-hole 42 is offered on the inner wall of backup pad 41, the equal fixed mounting bracing piece in inner wall both ends of through-hole 42, beta ray detector 44 fixed mounting is between two sets of bracing pieces 43, beta ray source 53 is located directly over beta ray detector 44, and beta ray source 53 installs on scraping mechanism, first intake hard tube 45 fixed mounting is on the inner wall of roof 13, second intake hard tube 46 sliding connection is on the bottom inner wall of first intake hard tube 45, and be equipped with the sealing washer between second intake hard tube 46 and the first intake hard tube 45, the top of second intake hard tube 46 is to inside sunken, the bottom both ends of roof 13 are fixed mounting cylinder 47, the output of two sets of cylinder 47 passes through piston rod fixed mounting a set of lifter plate 48, and the inner wall fixed mounting second intake hard tube 46 of lifter plate 48, sealing plate 49 fixed mounting is on the top of first intake hard tube 45, hollow tube 50 fixed mounting is on the left side of top of first intake hard tube 45 inner wall, be equipped with the air solenoid valve 50 on the inner wall of first intake hard tube 45, the hollow tube 50 is fixed on the hollow tube 50.
The scraping mechanism includes: a scraping assembly 60 for scraping off the atmospheric particulates remaining in the first and second intake hard pipes 45 and 46, a descending assembly 70 for descending the scraping assembly 60, and a lifting assembly 80 for lifting the removing assembly 60;
and scraper assembly 60 is disposed in first air induction hard tube 45 and lowering assembly 70 is mounted on seal plate 49 and raising assembly 80 is mounted on top plate 13.
The scraping assembly 60 includes: scrape piece 61, scrape pole 62, vibrating motor 63, scrape piece 61 sliding connection in first hard tube 45 that admits air, and scrape the diameter of piece 61 and the internal diameter of first hard tube 45 that admits air, be equipped with the sealing washer between scraping piece 61 and the first hard tube 45 that admits air, scrape pole 62 fixed mounting and scrape the bottom of piece 61, and scrape the inner wall fixed mounting beta ray source 53 of pole 62, scrape the diameter of pole 62 and the internal diameter of second hard tube 46 that admits air the same, vibrating motor 63 fixed mounting is on one side of first hard tube 45 that admits air.
The descent assembly 70 includes: the air pump comprises a fixing frame 71, an air pump 72, a first pipeline 73, a T-shaped block 74, a filter screen 75 and a second pipeline 76;
the mount 71 is fixedly mounted on top of the sealing plate 49, the air pump 72 is fixedly mounted on top of the mount 71, the first pipe 73 is fixedly mounted on the input end of the air pump 72, the T-shaped block 74 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the top end of the first pipe 73, the filter screen 75 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the T-shaped block 74, the second pipe 76 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air pump 72, and one end of the second pipe 76 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sealing plate 49.
The rising assembly 80 includes: a fixed plate 81, a rotating shaft 82, a spool 83, a nylon rope 84 and a servo motor 85;
the top both ends of roof 13 are all fixed mounting fixed plate 81, pivot 82 passes through the bearing rotation and connects between two sets of fixed plates 81, spool 83 fixed mounting is on pivot 82, the one end fixed mounting of nylon rope 84 is on spool 83, and nylon rope 84 twines on spool 83, the other end of nylon rope 84 passes closing plate 49 fixed mounting on the top of scraping piece 61, servo motor 85 fixed mounting is on a set of fixed plate 81, and servo motor 85's output shaft and pivot 82 fixed connection.
The automatic monitoring method of the atmospheric particulates comprises the following specific steps:
step one: the lifting plate 48 drives the second air inlet hard tube 46 to descend through the air cylinder 47 until the bottom end of the second air inlet hard tube 46 contacts the filter paper belt 20, at this time, air is sprayed on the filter paper belt 20 through the first air inlet hard tube 45 and the second air inlet hard tube 46 through the fan 52, at this time, particulate matters in the air remain on the filter paper belt 20 to form a detection area, and the air is discharged through the filter paper belt 20;
step two: when the amount of the delivered air accords with the set value, the electromagnetic valve 51 and the fan 52 are closed to prevent the air from flowing into the first air inlet hard tube 45, then the air is made to flow into the first air inlet hard tube 45 through the filter screen 75, the first pipeline 73 and the second pipeline 76 by the air pump 72 to press the scraping block 61, so that the scraping block 61 descends, when the scraping block 61 descends, the particles remained on the side wall of the first air inlet hard tube 45 are scraped to enable the remained particles to move downwards, when the scraping rod 62 is inserted into the second air inlet hard tube 46, the particles remained on the side wall of the second air inlet hard tube 46 are scraped to enable the remained particles to move downwards, and meanwhile, the first air inlet hard tube 45 and the second air inlet hard tube 46 are vibrated by the vibrating motor 63 to further improve the scraping effect, wherein when the air passes through the filter screen 75, the particles remained on the side wall of the first air inlet hard tube 45 are filtered to prevent the particles from flowing into the first air inlet hard tube 45;
step three: when the scraping block 61 contacts with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube 46, scraping is completed, and the scraped particles fall on a detection area on the filter paper tape 20, wherein when the scraping block 61 contacts with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube 46, a certain space exists between the beta-ray source 53 and the filter paper tape 20;
step four: after the scraping block 61 contacts with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube 46, the detection area is irradiated by the beta ray source 53, and at this time, the beta rays transmitted through the detection area are detected by the beta ray detector 44, so as to realize the detection of the particulate matters in the detection area according to the loss of the beta rays;
step five: after the detection is finished, the electromagnetic valve 51 is opened, the spool 82 is driven to rotate through the servo motor 85, so that the spool 83 winds the nylon rope 84, the nylon rope 84 pulls the scraping block 61 to ascend until the scraping block 61 is restored to the original position, and when the scraping block 61 descends, the spool 83 is required to rotate through the servo motor 85, so that the nylon rope 84 can be released;
step six: after the detection is completed, the release roller 31 is further made to release the filter paper band 20, and the winding roller 32 is further made to wind the filter paper band 20 so as to move the filter paper band 20 until the clean filter paper band 20 is positioned above the beta-ray detector 44 for the next detection.
Although the invention has been described hereinabove with reference to embodiments, various modifications thereof may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict, and the exhaustive description of these combinations is not given in this specification merely for the sake of omitting the descriptions and saving resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Atmospheric particulates automatic monitoring device, including support (10), its characterized in that still includes:
a filter paper strip (20) capable of attaching to atmospheric particulates;
a moving assembly (30) for moving the filter paper band (20), and the moving assembly (30) is mounted on the bracket (10);
a monitoring assembly (40) for attaching atmospheric particulates to the filter paper strip (20) and also for monitoring the atmospheric particulates attached to the filter paper strip (20), the monitoring assembly (40) being mounted on the support (10);
and the scraping mechanism is used for adhering the atmospheric particulates remained in the monitoring assembly (40) to the filter paper strip (20), and is arranged on the monitoring assembly (40).
2. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the stand (10) comprises:
a bottom plate (11);
a side plate (12), the side plate (12) being fixedly installed on a top side of the bottom plate (11);
a top plate (13), the top plate (13) being fixedly mounted on top of the side plate (12).
3. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the moving assembly (30) comprises:
the left side of the side plate (12) is rotationally connected with the release roller (31) through a bearing, and the release roller (31) is wound with a paper filtering belt (20);
the right side of the side plate (12) is rotationally connected with the winding roller (32) through a bearing, and one end of the filter paper belt (20) is fixedly arranged on the winding roller (32);
and the two ends of the side plate (12) are rotatably connected with the guide roller (33) through bearings, and the guide roller (33) is contacted with the filter paper band (20).
4. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the monitoring assembly (40) comprises:
a support plate (41), the support plate (41) being fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate (12), and the top of the support plate (41) being in contact with the filter paper band (20);
the through holes (42) are formed in the inner wall of the supporting plate (41);
the support rods (43) are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the through hole (42);
the beta-ray detector (44), the beta-ray detector (44) is fixedly arranged between the two groups of support rods (43);
and a beta ray source (53), wherein the beta ray source (53) is positioned right above the beta ray detector (44), and the beta ray source (53) is arranged on the scraping mechanism.
5. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 4, wherein the monitoring assembly (40) further comprises:
the first air inlet hard pipe (45), the first air inlet hard pipe (45) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top plate (13);
the second air inlet hard pipe (46), the second air inlet hard pipe (46) is connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the first air inlet hard pipe (45) in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged between the second air inlet hard pipe (46) and the first air inlet hard pipe (45), and the top end of the second air inlet hard pipe (46) is sunken inwards;
the two ends of the bottom of the top plate (13) are fixedly provided with the air cylinders (47);
the output ends of the two groups of air cylinders (47) are fixedly provided with a group of lifting plates (48) through piston rods, and the inner wall of the lifting plate (48) is fixedly provided with a second air inlet hard pipe (46);
a sealing plate (49), the sealing plate (49) being fixedly mounted on top of the first air intake hard tube (45);
the hollow pipe (50) is fixedly arranged on the left inner wall of the top end of the first air inlet hard pipe (45);
a solenoid valve (51), the solenoid valve (51) being provided on the hollow tube (50);
and the fan (52) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hollow tube (50).
6. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 5, wherein the scraping mechanism comprises:
a scraping assembly (60) for scraping off atmospheric particulates remaining in the first air intake rigid pipe (45) and the second air intake rigid pipe (46), the scraping assembly (60) being provided in the first air intake rigid pipe (45);
a lowering assembly (70) for lowering the scraping assembly (60), and the lowering assembly (70) is mounted on the sealing plate (49);
a lifting assembly (80) for lifting the removal assembly (60), and the lifting assembly (80) is mounted on the top plate (13).
7. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the scraper assembly (60) comprises:
the scraping block (61) is slidably connected in the first air inlet hard pipe (45), the diameter of the scraping block (61) is the same as the inner diameter of the first air inlet hard pipe (45), and a sealing ring is arranged between the scraping block (61) and the first air inlet hard pipe (45);
the scraping rod (62) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the scraping block (61), the beta-ray source (53) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the scraping rod (62), and the diameter of the scraping rod (62) is the same as the inner diameter of the second air inlet hard pipe (46);
and the vibration motor (63) is fixedly arranged on one side of the first air inlet hard pipe (45).
8. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the descent assembly (70) comprises:
a fixing frame (71), wherein the fixing frame (71) is fixedly arranged on the top of the sealing plate (49);
the air pump (72), the said air pump (72) is fixedly mounted on top of the fixed mount (71);
a first pipe (73), wherein the first pipe (73) is fixedly arranged on the input end of the air pump (72);
a T-shaped block (74), wherein the T-shaped block (74) is in threaded connection with the top end inner wall of the first pipeline (73);
the filter screen (75), the said filter screen (75) is fixedly mounted on inner wall of T-shaped block (74);
and a second pipeline (76), wherein the second pipeline (76) is fixedly arranged on the output end of the air pump (72), and one end of the second pipeline (76) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sealing plate (49).
9. The automatic atmospheric particulate monitoring device of claim 7, wherein the lifting assembly (80) comprises:
the fixing plates (81) are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the top plate (13);
the rotating shaft (82) is rotatably connected between the two groups of fixing plates (81) through a bearing;
the spool (83), the spool (83) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (82);
the nylon rope (84), one end of the nylon rope (84) is fixedly arranged on the spool (83), the nylon rope (84) is wound on the spool (83), and the other end of the nylon rope (84) penetrates through the sealing plate (49) to be fixedly arranged on the top of the scraping block (61);
the servo motor (85), servo motor (85) fixed mounting is on a set of fixed plate (81), and the output shaft and the pivot (82) fixed connection of servo motor (85).
10. The automatic monitoring method for the atmospheric particulates is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one: the lifting plate (48) drives the second air inlet hard tube (46) to descend through the air cylinder (47) until the bottom end of the second air inlet hard tube (46) is in contact with the filter paper belt (20), at the moment, the air is sprayed on the filter paper belt (20) through the first air inlet hard tube (45) and the second air inlet hard tube (46) through the fan (52), at the moment, particles in the air can remain on the filter paper belt (20) to form a detection area, and the air can pass through the filter paper belt (20) to be discharged;
step two: when the amount of the delivered atmosphere accords with a set value, the electromagnetic valve (51) and the fan (52) are closed to prevent the atmospheric air from flowing into the first air inlet hard pipe (45), then, the atmospheric air flows into the first air inlet hard pipe (45) through the filter screen (75), the first pipeline (73) and the second pipeline (76) through the air pump (72), so that the scraping block (61) is extruded, the scraping block (61) is lowered, when the scraping block (61) is lowered, the particles remained on the side wall of the first air inlet hard pipe (45) are scraped to enable the residual particles to move downwards, when the scraping rod (62) is inserted into the second air inlet hard pipe (46), the particles remained on the side wall of the second air inlet hard pipe (46) are scraped to enable the residual particles to move downwards, and meanwhile, the first air inlet hard pipe (45) and the second air inlet hard pipe (46) are vibrated through the vibration motor (63) to further improve the scraping effect, wherein when the atmospheric air passes through the filter screen (75), the particles remained on the side wall of the first air inlet hard pipe (45) are prevented from flowing into the first air inlet hard pipe;
step three: when the scraping block (61) is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube (46), scraping is finished, and scraped particles fall on a detection area on the filter paper tape (20), wherein when the scraping block (61) is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube (46), a certain space exists between the beta-ray source (53) and the filter paper tape (20);
step four: after the scraping block (61) is contacted with the top end of the second air inlet hard tube (46), the detection area is irradiated by a beta ray source (53), and at the moment, beta rays transmitted through the detection area are detected by a beta ray detector (44), so that the detection of the particulate matters in the detection area according to the loss of the beta rays is realized;
step five: after detection, opening the electromagnetic valve (51), and enabling the rotating shaft (82) to drive the spool (83) to rotate through the servo motor (85), so that the spool (83) winds the nylon rope (84), the nylon rope (84) pulls the scraping block (61) to ascend until the scraping block (61) is restored to the original position, and when the scraping block (61) descends, the spool (83) needs to be rotated through the servo motor (85) to release the nylon rope (84);
step six: after the detection is finished, the release roller (31) is used for releasing the filter paper band (20), and the winding roller (32) is used for winding the filter paper band (20) so as to enable the filter paper band (20) to move until the clean filter paper band (20) is positioned above the beta-ray detector (44) for detection next time.
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