CN116638063B - Differential pressure casting aluminum supply system and process - Google Patents
Differential pressure casting aluminum supply system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116638063B CN116638063B CN202310554103.1A CN202310554103A CN116638063B CN 116638063 B CN116638063 B CN 116638063B CN 202310554103 A CN202310554103 A CN 202310554103A CN 116638063 B CN116638063 B CN 116638063B
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- heat preservation
- aluminum liquid
- furnace body
- preservation furnace
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a differential pressure casting aluminum supply system and a differential pressure casting aluminum supply process, which belong to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, and comprise a heat preservation furnace body, an aluminum liquid transfer ladle, a transfer trolley and a rail, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the heat preservation furnace body is provided with an aluminum liquid receiving port, and the aluminum liquid transfer ladle is provided with an aluminum outlet pipeline which is in butt joint with the aluminum liquid receiving port; after the effective aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace body is used up, the transfer trolley transfers the aluminum liquid transfer ladle to the butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body, and aluminum is supplied to the heat preservation furnace body; the whole heat preservation furnace body is a sealed pressure-bearing container, and the strength and the rigidity of the shell are ensured by selecting a steel plate with proper thickness and reasonably arranging layout and mechanisms; deformation caused by internal and external pressure difference during casting can be resisted; the large-capacity aluminum liquid transfer ladle can simultaneously meet the production aluminum supply requirements of more than 2 differential pressure casting machines, so that the action procedures of the trolley for running back and forth are reduced, and the efficiency is doubled; greatly prolongs the service life of the transfer equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, and particularly relates to a differential pressure casting aluminum supply system and a differential pressure casting aluminum supply process.
Background
And (3) in the process of differential pressure casting, filling compressed gas into a sealing cover of a casting mould outer cover to enable the casting mould to be under a certain pressure of the gas. When the molten metal is filled, the pressure of the gas in the holding furnace is higher than the pressure of the gas in the casting mould, and the filling, pressure maintaining and pressurizing of the molten metal are realized as in low-pressure casting. The casting is crystallized and solidified under the action of higher pressure, so that the casting with higher density can be ensured. The uniformity and compactness of the cast aluminum alloy workpiece can be ensured, so that the aluminum alloy workpiece can provide higher mechanical properties while meeting the light weight of the workpiece, and meets the use requirements of stressed complex parts, and is widely used in the automobile manufacturing industry.
However, the method is limited by the traditional differential pressure casting aluminum supply technology, and the single aluminum supply time is long for replacing the crucible; the heat shock is large during replacement, so that the service life of the aluminum supply equipment is short; the production beat is long, and the production efficiency is low; the crucible furnace has short service life, frequent replacement and large equipment investment; the factors restrict the further improvement and development of the differential pressure casting production; the traditional differential pressure casting aluminum supply technology adopts a crucible furnace, and the heating mode is radial heating, so that the heat transfer efficiency is low and the heat loss is large.
There is a need in the art for a new solution to this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a differential pressure casting aluminum supply system and a differential pressure casting aluminum supply process, which are used for solving the problems of short service life, frequent replacement, large equipment investment and low production efficiency of aluminum supply equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a differential pressure casting aluminum supply system comprises a heat preservation furnace body, an aluminum liquid transfer ladle, a transfer trolley and a rail; the upper part of the side wall of the heat preservation furnace body is provided with an aluminum liquid receiving port, and a transverse dipping heating device is arranged in the heat preservation furnace body close to the bottom; a sealing structure is arranged outside the aluminum liquid receiving port; the aluminum liquid transfer ladle is provided with an aluminum outlet pipeline; the aluminum outlet pipe extends into the aluminum liquid receiving port and is in butt joint with the aluminum liquid receiving port; the transfer trolley moves on the track, and is provided with a push-pull mechanism;
the transverse dipping heating device comprises a heater body, an outer soft sealing sleeve, a conical plug, an inner soft sealing element, a core adjusting disc, a mounting flange and a positioning component; the outer soft sealing sleeve, the conical plug, the inner soft sealing piece, the core adjusting disc, the mounting flange and the positioning component are sleeved on the heater body in sequence from inside to outside; the conical plug is arranged in the outer soft sealing sleeve; the inner soft sealing element is arranged in the conical plug; the core adjusting disc comprises a propping part and an adjusting part; one end of the propping part is propped against the inner soft sealing element, and the other end of the propping part is fixedly connected with the adjusting part; the adjusting part is provided with a plurality of through holes and blind holes; the mounting flange is provided with a plurality of threaded holes; the threaded holes are respectively arranged opposite to the positions of the through holes and the blind holes; the threaded hole opposite to the through hole is internally provided with a first bolt; the threaded hole opposite to the blind hole is internally provided with a second bolt; the threaded rod of the first bolt passes through the through hole and abuts against the conical plug; the threaded rod of the second bolt abuts against the bottom of the blind hole.
The preferable sealing structure comprises a tooth-meshed conical surface sealing cover, an annular sealing ring, a rotary compression cylinder and a swinging opening and closing cylinder; the rotary compression cylinder is used for controlling the annular sealing ring to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder controls the opening and closing of the tooth-meshed conical sealing cover through the swing arm.
Preferably, the heat preservation furnace body comprises a heat insulation layer, a back lining layer and a working layer. The working layer is a working layer of silicon carbide casting material; the backing layer is a refractory backing layer taking electrofused quartz as a base material, and an anti-sticking aluminum additive for preventing aluminum water from penetrating is additionally added into the backing layer; the heat insulation layer is made of a nano heat insulation board.
The differential pressure casting aluminum supply process adopts the differential pressure casting aluminum supply system, and comprises the following steps:
step one, baking and preheating a heat preservation furnace body, injecting aluminum liquid, refining and degassing the aluminum liquid, and then conveying the heat preservation furnace body to a preparation position beside a differential pressure machine;
step two, lifting a liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine, conveying the heat preservation furnace body prepared in the step one to a designated position of a platform of the differential pressure machine, and lowering the liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine to be in contact with a top sealing surface of the heat preservation furnace body to form a closed space;
step three, after the effective aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace body is used up, conveying an aluminum liquid transfer ladle to a butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body;
opening a sealing structure outside the aluminum liquid receiving port, and pushing the aluminum liquid transfer package to enable the aluminum outlet pipe to extend into the aluminum liquid receiving port; aluminum is supplied into the heat preservation furnace body;
pushing the aluminum liquid transfer ladle to separate the aluminum outlet pipeline from the aluminum liquid receiving port after the aluminum liquid is fed; closing the sealing structure outside the aluminum liquid receiving port, and recovering the casting operation by the differential pressure machine;
and step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, offline treatment is performed on the heat preservation furnace, and casting operation is restored after the treatment is completed.
The sealing structure in the preferred step four and step five comprises a tooth-meshed conical surface sealing cover, an annular sealing ring, a rotary compression cylinder and a swinging opening and closing cylinder; the rotary compression cylinder is used for controlling the annular sealing ring to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder controls the opening and closing of the tooth-meshed conical sealing cover through the swing arm.
In the preferred step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, the heat preservation furnace body is offline from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (3) removing slag from the residual aluminum, and re-supplementing qualified aluminum liquid, and returning to the differential press again for the next round of production.
In the preferred step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, the heat preservation furnace body is offline from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (5) feeding and supplementing the materials through an additional heat preservation furnace, and carrying out the production of the next round.
Through the design scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the heat preservation furnace provided with the aluminum liquid receiving port replaces a crucible furnace, can work under a differential pressure casting machine for a long time, and does not need frequent replacement; the waiting time in the production process is greatly reduced; because the holding furnace is not offline for a long time, a lift tube of the differential pressure casting machine and related cooling detection equipment of the differential pressure machine cover cannot frequently bear thermal shock impact, so that the service life of core products is prolonged, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
2. the heating mode of the traditional crucible furnace along the wall of the cylinder is changed into a transverse type dipping heater, the original radiation type heating mode is changed into a heating mode of directly contacting with aluminum liquid, heat transfer is more direct and effective, heat resistance is smaller, heat loss is lower, energy consumption ratio is improved, and operation production cost is reduced;
3. the sealing layers are reasonably arranged, so that the sealing of the heater body and the sealing of the mounting taper hole are tightly blocked; the risk of leakage of the aluminum liquid under the frequent pressurizing and depressurizing working conditions is greatly reduced, and the production continuity is ensured;
4. the heat preservation furnace body comprises a heat insulation layer, a back lining layer and a working layer, and layout and mechanisms are reasonably arranged to ensure the strength and rigidity of the shell; meanwhile, the aluminum alloy has excellent compactness and stability, and can effectively resist the corrosion of aluminum liquid;
5. the large-capacity aluminum liquid transfer ladle can simultaneously meet the aluminum supply requirements of more than 2 differential pressure casting machines, so that the action procedures of the trolley for running back and forth are reduced, and compared with the traditional single-time conveying crucible furnace, the aluminum supply requirements of 1 differential pressure casting machine can be met, and the efficiency is doubled; the service life of the transfer equipment is greatly prolonged;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a holding furnace body of a counter-pressure cast aluminum supply system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an A-direction view of a holding furnace body of a counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second bolt position of a transverse immersion heating apparatus of a counter-pressure cast aluminum supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a first bolt position of a transverse immersion heating apparatus of a counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an outside view of a core tuning disk of a transverse immersion heating apparatus of a counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a process for providing aluminum by differential pressure casting in accordance with the present invention.
In the drawing, the heat preservation furnace body, the 11-aluminum liquid receiving port, the 12-transverse immersion heating device, the 121-heater body, the 122-outer soft sealing sleeve, the 123-conical plug, the 124-inner soft sealing piece, the 125-core adjusting disc, the 1251-propping part, the 1252-adjusting part, the 1253-through hole, the 1254-blind hole, the 126-mounting flange, the 1261-threaded hole, the 127-positioning part, the 128-first bolt, the 129-second bolt, the 13-sealing structure, the 131-tooth meshing type conical sealing cover, the 132-annular sealing ring, the 133-rotary compression cylinder, the 134-swing opening and closing cylinder, the 135-swing arm, the 15-heat insulation layer, the 16-backing layer, the 17-working layer, the 2-aluminum liquid transfer package, the 21-aluminum outlet pipeline, the 3-transfer trolley, the 31-push-pull mechanism and the 4-track are arranged.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings
It should be noted that the terms "front and rear," up and down, left and right, "and the like are merely simplified terms for intuitively describing the positional relationship based on the drawings, and are not limited to the technical solution.
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that. The following detailed description is illustrative rather than limiting, and the user may make various changes to the following parameters without departing from the inventive mechanism and scope set forth in the claims. Well-known methods and procedures have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The method is shown in the accompanying figures 1 to 7: the differential pressure casting aluminum supply system comprises a heat preservation furnace body 1, an aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2, a transfer trolley 3 and a track 4; the upper part of the side wall of the heat preservation furnace body 1 is provided with an aluminum liquid receiving port 11, and a transverse dipping heating device 12 is arranged in the heat preservation furnace body 1 near the bottom; a sealing structure 13 is arranged outside the aluminum liquid receiving port 11; the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 is provided with an aluminum outlet pipeline 21; the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 extends into the aluminum liquid receiving port 11 and is in butt joint with the aluminum liquid receiving port 11; the transfer trolley 3 moves on the track 4, and the transfer trolley 3 is provided with a push-pull mechanism 31;
the horizontal immersion heating device 12 comprises a heater body 121, an outer soft sealing sleeve 122, a conical plug 123, an inner soft sealing member 124, a core adjusting disk 125, a mounting flange 126 and a positioning component 127; the outer soft sealing sleeve 122, the conical plug 123, the inner soft sealing member 124, the core adjusting disk 125, the mounting flange 126 and the positioning component 127 are sleeved on the heater body 121 from inside to outside in sequence; the conical plug 123 is arranged in the outer soft sealing sleeve 122; the inner soft seal 124 is disposed within the conical plug 123; the core adjustment plate 125 includes a propping portion 1251 and an adjustment portion 1252; one end of the propping part 1251 is propped against the inner soft sealing piece 124, and the other end of the propping part 1251 is fixedly connected with the adjusting part 1252; the adjusting part 1252 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1253 and blind holes 1254; the mounting flange 126 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 1261; the threaded holes 1261 are respectively opposite to the positions of the through holes 1253 and the blind holes 1254; the first bolt 128 is installed in the threaded hole 1261 opposite to the through hole 1253; the second bolt 129 is arranged in the threaded hole 1261 opposite to the blind hole 1254; the threaded rod of the first bolt 128 passes through the through hole 1253 and abuts against the conical plug 123; the threaded shank of the second bolt 129 abuts against the bottom of the blind hole 1254.
The heat preservation furnace body 1 is provided with a transverse dipping heating device 12, and directly heats aluminum liquid in a heat conduction mode in the casting process, so that the heat preservation furnace has the characteristics of high efficiency, high temperature rise speed, high system response speed, rapid temperature control precision, fine and stable temperature difference control and the like; meanwhile, the heater body 121 is not contacted with a medium with low heat conductivity such as air, so that life is not reduced due to severe change of surface load; the influence caused by thermal shock is effectively reduced, the service life of the heater is prolonged, and the maintenance and use cost of equipment is reduced; because the horizontal mounting hole is positioned below the liquid level, leakage is easy to occur, thereby causing production interruption and equipment damage; particularly, under the condition that pressure difference exists between the inside of the furnace and the outside, leakage is more easy to occur; the invention adopts a conical soft sealing structure between the heater and the furnace body, and the sealing of the heater body and the sealing of the mounting taper hole are tightly blocked by reasonably arranging the sealing layers and respectively adjusting the compression of the inner layer and the outer layer by arranging the core adjusting disc 125 and the long and short bolts; effectively bear the pressure fluctuation generated in the production process.
The sealing structure 13 further comprises a tooth-meshed conical sealing cover 131, an annular sealing ring 132, a rotary compression cylinder 133 and a swinging opening and closing cylinder 134; the rotary compression cylinder 133 is used for controlling the annular sealing ring 132 to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder 134 controls the opening and closing of the tooth-engaged conical sealing cover 131 through the swing arm 135.
The sealing structure 13 adopts a tooth-meshing type clamp conical surface sealing structure, and the cylinder drives the rotary pressing wedge surface to provide the pressing force of the aluminum receiving port; an annular labyrinth sealing structure is arranged at the sealing position, and is matched with a double-layer annular sealing ring to ensure the isolation of internal and external pressure;
the sealing opening and closing process is realized by combining a rotary pressing cylinder 133 and a swinging opening and closing cylinder 134; the rotary compression cylinder 133 controls whether the tooth-meshing type conical surface sealing cover 131 and the annular sealing ring 132 are in an overlapped or staggered relation by rotating the annular sealing ring 132, and when the tooth-meshing type conical surface sealing cover 131 is overlapped, the tooth-meshing type conical surface sealing cover 131 is in a fixed state, the degree of freedom is 0, and the tooth-meshing type conical surface sealing cover 131 cannot be opened; in the staggered relationship, the circumferential toothed portions are staggered with each other without overlapping interference, so that the toothed conical sealing cap 131 can be driven along the rotation shaft by the swing opening and closing cylinder 134 to be separated from the sealing position, thereby realizing the opening and closing operation.
Further, the holding furnace body 1 comprises a heat insulation layer 15, a backing layer 16 and a working layer 17. The working layer 17 is a working layer of silicon carbide casting materials, the innermost layer is a working layer, high-density casting materials with high silicon carbide content are selected, and the working layer has excellent compactness and stability by means of excellent wear resistance and thermal shock resistance of the silicon carbide materials, so that the corrosion of aluminum liquid can be effectively resisted;
the backing layer 16 is a refractory backing layer taking electrofused quartz as a base material, and an anti-sticking aluminum additive for preventing aluminum water from penetrating is additionally added into the backing layer 16; the anti-sticking aluminum additive for preventing the aluminum water from penetrating is added, so that the anti-sticking aluminum additive has the function of a safety barrier layer, prevents the working layer from being accidentally damaged and then impacts the body mechanism and the shell, and improves the safety of equipment;
the heat insulation layer 15 is made of a nano heat insulation plate. The outermost layer adopts the nano heat-insulating plate as a heat-insulating layer, so that heat in the furnace can be effectively insulated, heat dissipation of the furnace shell is greatly reduced, and energy utilization efficiency is improved; the touch safety when the personnel operation is protected.
The whole heat preservation furnace body 1 is a sealed pressure-bearing container, and the strength and the rigidity of the shell are ensured by selecting a steel plate with proper thickness and reasonably arranging layout and mechanisms; deformation caused by internal and external pressure difference during casting can be resisted, and the sealing upper cover can normally work under the sealing pressing force applied to the sealing upper cover 100t by a differential pressure casting machine;
the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 realizes the quantitative aluminum discharging function through pressure control, and can be realized through the conversion of pressure and potential energy by introducing gas with set pressure into the aluminum liquid transfer ladle; the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 is provided with an aluminum outlet pipeline 21, the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 can be in butt joint with the aluminum liquid receiving port 11, and meanwhile, when aluminum is discharged, the tail end position of the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 is ensured to exceed the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace, so that the aluminum liquid is prevented from adhering and solidifying in the butt joint port of the heat preservation furnace;
as shown in fig. 8: a differential pressure casting aluminum supply process, which adopts the differential pressure casting aluminum supply system as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps:
step one, baking and preheating a heat preservation furnace body 1, injecting aluminum liquid, refining and degassing the aluminum liquid, and then conveying the heat preservation furnace body 1 to a preparation position beside a differential pressure machine;
step two, lifting a liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine, conveying the heat preservation furnace body 1 prepared in the step one to a designated position of a differential pressure machine platform, lowering the liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine, contacting with a top sealing surface of the heat preservation furnace body 1 to form a closed space, and starting a production process;
step three, after the effective aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace body 1 is used up, conveying an aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to a butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body 1;
step four, opening a sealing structure 13 outside the aluminum liquid receiving opening 11, pushing the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to enable an aluminum outlet pipeline 21 to extend into the aluminum liquid receiving opening 11; aluminum is supplied into the heat preservation furnace body 1;
step five, pushing the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to separate the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 from the aluminum liquid receiving port 11 after the aluminum liquid is fed; closing the sealing structure 13 outside the aluminum liquid receiving port 11, and recovering the casting operation by the differential pressure machine;
and step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, offline treatment is performed on the heat preservation furnace, and casting operation is restored after the treatment is completed.
In the third step, the transfer trolley 3 is used for conveying the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to the butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body 1; the transfer trolley 3 moves on the track 4, and the transfer trolley 3 is provided with a push-pull mechanism 31; the push-pull mechanism 31 is provided with an aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2.
The sealing structure 13 in the fourth and fifth steps includes a toothed conical sealing cover 131, an annular sealing ring 132, a rotary compression cylinder 133 and a swing opening and closing cylinder 134; the rotary compression cylinder 133 is used for controlling the annular sealing ring 132 to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder 134 controls the opening and closing of the tooth-engaged conical sealing cover 131 through the swing arm 135.
In the further step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, the heat preservation furnace body 1 is taken off line from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (3) removing slag from the residual aluminum, and re-supplementing qualified aluminum liquid, and returning to the differential press again for the next round of production. The heat preservation furnace body 1 can also be taken off line from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (5) feeding and supplementing the materials through an additional heat preservation furnace, and carrying out the production of the next round.
In the concrete implementation, the transfer trolley 3 sends the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to a docking preparation position of the heat preservation furnace body 1, then the casting pressure is removed by the differential pressure casting machine, the heat preservation furnace opens the sealing structure 13, and the transfer trolley 3 drives the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to align the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 with the docking position of the heat preservation furnace; after confirming that the space position is correct, the transfer trolley 3 slowly sends the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 to a final butt joint position, and at the moment, the tail end of the aluminum outlet pipeline 21 exceeds the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace; then the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 conveys aluminum liquid into the holding furnace; after the aluminum liquid is conveyed, separating an aluminum outlet pipeline 21 of the aluminum liquid transfer ladle 2 from the butt joint of the heat preservation furnace according to the reverse sequence of the procedure; and then closing the sealing structure 13 of the opposite interface of the holding furnace, ending the aluminum receiving process, and pressurizing by a differential pressure machine to recover casting production.
The invention improves the productivity of differential pressure casting, prolongs the service life of equipment, improves the production efficiency of differential pressure casting, and reduces the off-line time of the under-machine aluminum supply equipment in the casting process.
It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A differential pressure casting aluminum supply system, characterized in that: comprises a heat preservation furnace body (1), an aluminum liquid transfer ladle (2), a transfer trolley (3) and a track (4); the upper part of the side wall of the heat preservation furnace body (1) is provided with an aluminum liquid receiving port (11), and a transverse dipping heating device (12) is arranged in the heat preservation furnace body (1) near the bottom; a sealing structure (13) is arranged outside the aluminum liquid receiving port (11); the aluminum liquid transfer ladle (2) is provided with an aluminum outlet pipeline (21); the aluminum outlet pipeline (21) extends into the aluminum liquid receiving port (11) and is in butt joint with the aluminum liquid receiving port (11); the transfer trolley (3) moves on the track (4), and the transfer trolley (3) is provided with a push-pull mechanism (31);
the transverse dipping heating device (12) comprises a heater body (121), an outer soft sealing sleeve (122), a conical plug (123), an inner soft sealing element (124), a core adjusting disc (125), a mounting flange (126) and a positioning component (127); the outer soft sealing sleeve (122), the conical plug (123), the inner soft sealing element (124), the core adjusting disc (125), the mounting flange (126) and the positioning component (127) are sleeved on the heater body (121) in sequence from inside to outside; the conical plug (123) is arranged in the outer soft sealing sleeve (122); the inner soft seal (124) is arranged in the conical plug (123); the core adjustment plate (125) includes a propping portion (1251) and an adjustment portion (1252); one end of the propping part (1251) is propped against the inner soft sealing element (124), and the other end of the propping part (1251) is fixedly connected with the adjusting part (1252); the adjusting part (1252) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1253) and blind holes (1254); the mounting flange (126) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (1261); the threaded holes (1261) are respectively arranged opposite to the positions of the through holes (1253) and the blind holes (1254); a first bolt (128) is arranged in a threaded hole (1261) which is arranged opposite to the through hole (1253); a second bolt (129) is arranged in a threaded hole (1261) which is arranged opposite to the blind hole (1254); the threaded rod of the first bolt (128) passes through the through hole (1253) to abut against the conical plug (123); the threaded shank of the second bolt (129) abuts against the bottom of the blind hole (1254).
2. A counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing structure (13) comprises a tooth-meshed conical surface sealing cover (131), an annular sealing ring (132), a rotary compression cylinder (133) and a swinging opening and closing cylinder (134); the rotary compression cylinder (133) is used for controlling the annular sealing ring (132) to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder (134) controls the opening and closing of the tooth-meshed conical sealing cover (131) through the swing arm (135).
3. A counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation furnace body (1) comprises a heat insulation layer (15), a back lining layer (16) and a working layer (17).
4. A counter-pressure casting aluminum supply system according to claim 3, wherein: the working layer (17) is a working layer of silicon carbide casting material; the backing layer (16) is a refractory backing layer taking electrofused quartz as a base material, and an anti-sticking aluminum additive for preventing aluminum water from penetrating is additionally added into the backing layer (16); the heat insulation layer (15) is made of a nano heat insulation board.
5. A differential pressure casting aluminum supply process, adopting the differential pressure casting aluminum supply system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, baking and preheating a heat preservation furnace body (1), injecting aluminum liquid, refining and degassing the aluminum liquid, and then conveying the heat preservation furnace body (1) to a preparation position beside a differential pressure machine;
step two, lifting a liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine, conveying the heat preservation furnace body (1) prepared in the step one to a designated position of a differential pressure machine platform, and lowering the liquid lifting pipe of the differential pressure machine to be in contact with a top sealing surface of the heat preservation furnace body (1) to form a closed space;
step three, after the effective aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace body (1) is used up, conveying an aluminum liquid transfer ladle (2) to a butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body (1);
opening a sealing structure (13) outside the aluminum liquid receiving port (11), and pushing the aluminum liquid transfer bag (2) to enable the aluminum outlet pipeline (21) to extend into the aluminum liquid receiving port (11); aluminum is supplied into the heat preservation furnace body (1);
pushing the aluminum liquid transfer bag (2) to separate the aluminum outlet pipeline (21) from the aluminum liquid receiving port (11) after the aluminum liquid is fed; closing a sealing structure (13) outside the aluminum liquid receiving port (11), and recovering the casting operation by the differential pressure machine;
and step six, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, offline treatment is performed on the heat preservation furnace, and casting operation is restored after the treatment is completed.
6. The differential pressure casting aluminum supply process according to claim 5, wherein: step three, conveying the aluminum liquid transfer ladle (2) to the butt joint position of the heat preservation furnace body (1) through the transfer trolley (3); the transfer trolley (3) moves on the track (4), and the transfer trolley (3) is provided with a push-pull mechanism (31); an aluminum liquid transfer bag (2) is placed on the push-pull mechanism (31).
7. The differential pressure casting aluminum supply process according to claim 5, wherein: the sealing structure (13) in the fourth step and the fifth step comprises a tooth-meshed conical sealing cover (131), an annular sealing ring (132), a rotary compression cylinder (133) and a swinging opening and closing cylinder (134); the rotary compression cylinder (133) is used for controlling the annular sealing ring (132) to rotate; the swing opening and closing cylinder (134) controls the opening and closing of the tooth-meshed conical sealing cover (131) through the swing arm (135).
8. The differential pressure casting aluminum supply process according to claim 5, wherein: in the sixth step, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, the heat preservation furnace body (1) is taken off line from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (3) removing slag from the residual aluminum, and re-supplementing qualified aluminum liquid, and returning to the differential press again for the next round of production.
9. The differential pressure casting aluminum supply process according to claim 5, wherein: in the sixth step, when the quality of the aluminum liquid does not meet the casting production requirement due to overlong period, the heat preservation furnace body (1) is taken off line from the lower part of the differential pressure machine; and (5) feeding and supplementing the materials through an additional heat preservation furnace, and carrying out the production of the next round.
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| CN117086288B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-12-22 | 兴化市新光合金材料有限公司 | Low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy pipeline and application method of low-pressure casting device |
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