CN116549599A - 激肽及其衍生物在治疗vci、psci或csvd中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及激肽及其衍生物,尤其是长效化激肽及其衍生物在治疗血管性认知功能障碍(VCI)、卒中后认知功能障碍(PSCI)或脑小血管病(CSVD)中的应用。VCI、PSCI通常会出现认知功能损害和精神行为症状,针对VCI、PSCI认知功能损害的药物有胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N‑甲基‑D‑天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂,精神行为症状针对性治疗药物,如抗抑郁药物等。慢性CSVD患者可出现认知障碍、运动障碍、情感障碍和二便障碍等症状,认知障碍可选择胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N‑甲基‑D‑天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂,抑郁一般选用抗抑郁药物。本申请研究发现激肽及其衍生物,尤其是长效化激肽及其衍生物可以用于治疗VCI、PSCI、CSVD等,提供了一种治疗VCI、PSCI、CSVD的新方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域的激肽及其衍生物,尤其是长效化的激肽及其衍生物在治疗血管性认知功能障碍(VCI)、卒中后认知功能障碍(PSCI)或脑小血管病(CSVD)中的应用。
背景技术
随着社会发展和人口老龄化,脑血管病的发病率逐年升高,严重影响了患者和家属的生活质量。1993年Hachinski和Bowler首次提出了血管性认知功能障碍(vascularcognitive impairment,VCI)的概念,它是指由脑血管病危险因素(如高血压、糖尿病、高血脂等)、明显(如脑梗死和脑出血等)或不明显的脑血管病(如白质疏松、慢性脑缺血)引起的从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的一大类综合征。根据临床表现,VCI分为三个亚型:无痴呆型血管认知障碍(vascular cognitiveimpairment no dementia,VCIND)、血管性痴呆(VaD)和混合型痴呆(mixeddementia,MD)。
血管性认知功能障患者会出现认知功能损害和精神行为症状。部分患者的认知功能损害以抽象思维、概念的形成和转换、思维灵活性、信息处理速度等功能损害突出,而记忆力相对保留;部分患者表现为多领域障碍,记忆力亦可明显受损。针对VCI认知功能损害的药物有胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂。精神行为症状包括知、思维、心境、行为异常等,常见淡漠、抑郁、烦躁、激越/攻击,针对性治疗药物,如抗抑郁药物5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂等(《中国血管性认知损害诊疗指导规范》)。
卒中后认知功能障碍(post-stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI)、脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)导致的认知功能障碍、伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病等均是VCI的重要亚型。其中卒中后认知功能障碍强调卒中触发认知功能障碍,同样涉及认知功能损害和精神行为症状。考虑到PSCI、VCI和AD在神经病理和神经生化机制方面存在一定重叠性,中国的治疗指南建议参考VCI、VaD、AD等相关的研究和证据,即针对认知障碍的药物治疗一般采用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂、美金刚;针对卒中后抑郁的药物治疗一般采用抗抑郁药。欧洲卒中组织最新发布的“2021 ESO/EAN联合指南:卒中后认知障碍”指出:尚无药物治疗卒中后认知障碍。其关注试验中有几项胆碱酯酶抑制剂治疗血管性痴呆的试验,只有一项试验特别关注卒中后认知障碍,但并未有阳性结果。该指南同时指出针对PSCI的随机对照试验的高质量数据明显不足。
脑小血管病是由多种危险因素影响脑内小动脉、微动脉、毛细血管、微静脉和小静脉所导致的一系列临床、影像学和病理综合征,分为急性CSVD、慢性CSVD。急性CSVD可导致缺血性卒中,目前建议参考急性缺血性卒中的防治方案,如采取降压、溶栓、抗血小板、降脂治疗。慢性CSVD患者可出现认知障碍、运动障碍、情感障碍和二便障碍等症状,一般建议在明确诊断后进行对症处理。如CSVD导致的认知障碍可选择胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂,抑郁一般选用抗抑郁药物如5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂等(《中国脑小血管病诊治专家共识》)。
发明内容
本申请解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种新的治疗血管性认知功能障碍药物。具体而言提供了激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供一种用于治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
本发明还提供一种治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
所述血管性认知功能障碍包括无痴呆型血管认知障碍、血管性痴呆和混合型痴呆。所述血管性认知功能障碍包括但不限于卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病导致的认知功能障碍、伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病等。
优选地,所述血管性认知功能障碍是卒中后认知功能障碍。
优选地,所述血管性认知功能障碍是脑小血管病导致的认知功能障碍。
优选地,所述血管性认知功能障碍是伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病。
本申请解决的第二个技术问题是提供一种新的治疗脑小血管病的药物。具体而言提供了激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善脑小血管病的药物中的应用。
本申请还提供一种用于治疗或改善脑小血管病的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
本发明还提供一种治疗或改善脑小血管病的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
一种用于治疗或改善脑小血管病的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
上述激肽包括缓激肽或赖氨酰缓激肽。
上述激肽及其衍生物是长效化的激肽及其衍生物。
多肽类药物普遍存在稳定性差、体内半衰期短的问题,尤其是治疗慢性疾病的药物往往需要长期、频繁给药。赖氨酰缓激肽/激肽在体内的降解主要由氨肽酶、羧肽酶和血管紧张素ACEII参与,基于激肽释放酶和降解酶系统实现缓激肽在体内的动态平衡。赖氨酰缓激肽和缓激肽与普通多肽相比更不稳定,有报道称其半衰期仅数秒,外源给予激肽在体内很快被激肽酶水解而失活。
为改善多肽类药物的稳定性、延长体内半衰期,使其长效化,目前主要采用两种方式:1、对多肽进行分子改造,通常采用氨基酸替代或环化、PEG修饰、融合长效化片段(与Fc片段融合、与人血清白蛋白融合)、缀合脂肪酸等策略;2、通过制剂手段使多肽药物长效化。
在本申请具体的实施例中采用两种方法延长激肽半衰期,即聚乙二醇修饰激肽和优化激肽的氨基酸序列。
聚乙二醇修饰层面,在本申请具体的实施例中,采用的修饰剂包括SPA、SCM、SS修饰剂;可以是直链型或分支型PEG修饰剂。
作为优选,所述PEG修饰剂是直链型PEG修饰剂。
作为优选,所述PEG修饰剂分子量是2KD-20KD。
在优化激肽的氨基酸序列层面,在本申请具体的实施例中,在赖氨酰缓激肽或缓激肽序列中任意位置引入半胱氨酸(Cys)。优选的,将赖氨酰缓激肽首位Lys突变为Cys,即CRPPGFSPFR。
在本申请具体的实施例中,在赖氨酰缓激肽N端第一位及第二位氨基酸残基之间插入任意氨基酸,即KXRPPGFSPFR,X表示任意氨基酸。在缓激肽N端第一位氨基酸残基前插入任意氨基酸,即XRPPGFSPFR,X表示任意氨基酸。实验结果表明N端延长后活性更好。优选的,X为精氨酸(Arg)。
在本申请具体的实施例中,赖氨酰缓激肽或缓激肽的衍生物,由2个或2个以上赖氨酰缓激肽串联而成(如m14),或者由2个或2个以上缓激肽串联而成,或者由赖氨酰缓激肽及缓激肽串联而成(如m12)。所述赖氨酰缓激肽或缓激肽单体可以突变,也可以未突变。
在本申请具体的实施例中,该赖氨酰缓激肽第6位Phe或缓激肽第5位Phe被突变为其他氨基酸,例如非天然氨基酸Igl(α-2-吲哚基甘氨酸)、THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)。上述位点突变后的LBK或BK不易被体内酶识别,从而有效延长其体内半衰期。
本申请具体的实施例中采用的聚乙二醇修饰方式、氨基酸序列的优化仅用于说明通过上述方式可以延长激肽半衰期,而非限制延长激肽半衰期的具体实施方式,本领域技术人员还可以采用除本申请例举的其他聚乙二醇修饰方式、其他氨基酸序列优化方法,或者采用其他多肽药物长效化的修饰方法(如上所述的与Fc片段融合、与人血清白蛋白融合、缀合脂肪酸、制剂)来修饰激肽使其长效化。
所述激肽及其衍生物可以单独给药,也可以联合其他药物给药,如胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂等。
给药方式包括但不限于注射给药、口服给药等。所述注射给药方式包括但不限于静脉注射、皮下注射等。
血管性认知障碍比较的公认动物模型有:针对大鼠的四血管闭塞法(4-vesselocclusion,4-VO)法、改良4-VO法、3期4-VO法、两血管闭塞法(2-vessel occlusion,2-VO)法、改良2-VO法、以及一侧颈总动脉闭塞一侧颈总动脉狭窄改良法(modified commoncarotid artery occlusion,mCCAO)等;针对小鼠的颈总动脉狭窄(bilateral CCAstenosis,BCAS)和不对称颈动脉手术(asymmetric CCA surgery,ACAS)等。
脑小血管病公认的动物模型主要包括双侧颈总动脉结扎模型、双侧颈总动脉狭窄模型(BCAS)、卒中易发性自发高血压大鼠模型等(《脑小血管病转化医学研究中国专家共识》)。
作为血管性认知障碍、脑小血管病研究中较为公认的实验动物模型,BCAS模型动物的脑血流量显著降低,引起慢性低灌注损伤,导致血脑屏障通透性增加、白质损伤,进而引起记忆功能障碍、运动功能损伤等。本申请研究结果显示激肽及其衍生物给予BCAS模型小鼠后可显著改善受损的运动协调功能、前肢受损肌肉强度、工作记忆、空间学习记忆功能和抑郁行为。因此本领域技术人员可以合理预期激肽及其衍生物可以用于治疗血管性认知功能障碍、卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病。
此外,血管性认知功能障碍包括无痴呆型血管认知障碍、血管性痴呆和混合型痴呆。卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病导致的认知功能障碍、伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病等均为血管性认知功能障碍的重要亚型,在各自临床治疗上,它们会用到相同的对症治疗药物,如针对认知功能障碍,血管性认知功能障碍、卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病的治疗指南或专家共识普遍推荐使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂、美金刚;针对卒中后抑郁的药物治疗普遍推荐使用抗抑郁药。因此本领域技术人员可以合理预期激肽及其衍生物可以用于治疗其他血管性认知功能障碍类疾病,如卒中后认知功能障碍、伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病等。
激肽释放酶-激肽系统,简称KKS,参与多种生理和病理过程,如心血管、肾脏和神经系统的功能调节。KKS包括激肽释放酶(KLK)、激肽原、激肽、激肽受体(B1、B2受体)及激肽酶。激肽释放酶,又称激肽原酶或血管舒缓素,是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶,分为两大类:血浆激肽原酶(PK)和组织激肽原酶(TK),均发挥十分重要的生理作用。目前认为人组织激肽原酶至少由15个成员(KLK1-KLK15)组成,其中对组织激肽原酶1(KLK1)的研究较多,KLK1通过将激肽原转化为激肽,作用于相应受体,发挥一系列生物作用。
国内已有两种注射用激肽原释放酶上市,适应症包括微循环障碍性疾病以及轻-中度急性血栓性脑卒中,美国Diamedica Therapeutics Inc目前正在开展重组人组织激肽释放酶临床试验,适应症为急性缺血性脑卒中、糖尿病肾病。
目前研究较清楚的激肽有赖氨酰缓激肽(10肽)、缓激肽(9肽),前者在体内被氨肽酶裂解为缓激肽,两者均具有调节血压、炎症反应等多种生理功能。两者在体内的半衰期都很短,仅数秒至数分钟,极大限制了它们的成药性,目前暂无药物上市。
血管性认知功能障碍、脑小血管病等与KLK1已获批适应症有较大不同。在病理机制方面,急性缺血性脑卒中是在各种原因引起的血管壁病变基础上,脑动脉主干或分支动脉管腔狭窄、闭塞或血栓形成,引起脑局部血流减少或供血中断,使脑组织缺血、缺氧性坏死,出现局灶性神经系统症状和体征。VCI是指由脑血管病危险因素(如高血压、糖尿病、高血脂等)、明显(如脑梗死和脑出血等)或不明显的脑血管病(如白质疏松、慢性脑缺血)引起的从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的一大类综合征。脑小血管病是VCI的亚型之一,神经血管单元(neurovascular unit,NVU)功能异常在发病过程中起重要作用。任何原因引起的NVU结构或功能改变均可导致CSVD,常见机制包括慢性脑缺血和低灌注、内皮功能障碍和血脑屏障破坏、组织间液回流障碍、炎症反应和遗传因素等,不同机制存在相互作用。(theneurovaseular unit coming of age:journey through neurovaseular coupling inhealth and disease)
此外,两者的诊断、治疗方案均有较大差别。急性缺血性脑卒中最有效的治疗方法是时间窗内给予血管再通治疗,包括静脉溶栓、机械取栓、血管成形术等,救治成功率与发病时间密切相关。药物治疗包括抗血小板、抗凝、降纤、扩容、扩张血管、他汀类药物、神经保护药物等。VCI、PSCI通常会出现认知功能损害和精神行为症状,针对VCI和PSCI认知功能损害的药物有胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂,精神行为症状针对性治疗药物,如抗抑郁药物5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂等。慢性脑小血管病患者可出现认知障碍、运动障碍、情感障碍和二便障碍等症状,一般建议在明确诊断后进行对症处理。如CSVD导致的认知障碍可选择胆碱酯酶抑制剂、非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬酰胺受体拮抗剂,抑郁一般选用抗抑郁药物如5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂等。
本申请研究发现激肽及其衍生物可以用于治疗血管性认知功能障碍、卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病等。提供了一种治疗血管性认知功能障碍、卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病的新方法。
附图说明
图1:Lys-BK及其变体激活下游ERK1/2和CREB蛋白的磷酸化,其中5个信号中的β-actin是内参;p-代表相应蛋白的磷酸化;control是缓冲液空白对照;Lys-BK-M06-EH是m06与血清混和孵育后的样品
图2:Lys-BK及其变体PEG偶联物与B2受体亲和性检测(报告基因法)
图3:Lys-BK及其变体PEG偶联物激活下游ERK1/2和CREB蛋白的磷酸化,其中5个信号中的β-actin是内参;p-代表相应蛋白的磷酸化;control是缓冲液空白对照
图4:第13天药物对转棒跌落时间(Rotarod test)的影响。
图5:第26天药物对转棒跌落时间(Rotarod test)的影响。
图6:第20天药物对铁丝跌落时间(Wire hang)的影响。
图7:第28天药物对铁丝跌落时间(Wire hang)的影响。
图8:第29天药物对Y Maze轮流得分的影响。
图9:第44天药物对Y Maze轮流得分的影响。
图10:第48天药物对Morris maze登台潜伏期的影响。
图11:第57天药物对SPT糖水偏爱的影响。
具体实施方式
除非特别指明,否则本申请的技术术语或简称具有下列含义:
Lys-BK:未突变的赖氨酰缓激肽,与天然人赖氨酰缓激肽的序列一致;氨基酸序列为KRPPGFSPFR。
BK:未突变的缓激肽,与天然人赖氨酰缓激肽的序列一致;氨基酸序列为RPPGFSPFR。衍生物:不仅包括本申请Lys-BK/BK的变体,也包括在本申请Lys-BK/BK变体的基础上进一步突变获得的多肽、融合蛋白(包括但不限于白蛋白融合、Fc融合等)、各种形式修饰物。
聚乙二醇:PEG,通常经环氧乙烷聚合而成,有分支型,直链型和多臂型。普通的聚乙二醇两端各有一个羟基,若一端以甲基封闭则得到甲氧基聚乙二醇(mPEG)。
聚乙二醇修饰剂:PEG修饰剂,指带有官能团的聚乙二醇衍生物,是经过活化的聚乙二醇,可用于蛋白质以及多肽药物修饰。本申请所用聚乙二醇修饰剂购自江苏众红生物工程创药研究院有限公司或北京键凯科技股份有限公司。特定分子量的PEG修饰剂实际分子量可以是标示值的90%~110%,如PEG5K分子量可以是4.5kDa~5.5kDa。
M-SPA-5K:分子量约为5kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺丙酸酯,结构如式(1)所示,n为98至120的整数,
M-SPA-2K:分子量约为2kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺丙酸酯,结构如式(1)所示,n为37至45的整数。
M-SPA-10K:分子量约为10kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺丙酸酯,结构如式(1)所示,n为200至245的整数。
M-SPA-20K:分子量约为20kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺丙酸酯,结构如式(1)所示,n为405至495整数。
M-SCM-5K:分子量约为5kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺乙酸酯,结构如式(2)所示,n为99至120的整数。
M-SS-5K:分子量约为5kDa的直链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺丁二酸酯,结构如式(3)所示,n为98至119的整数。
M-YNHS-10K:分子量约为10kDa的支链单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺酯,结构如式(4)所示,n为98至120的整数,
实施例1赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽变体的设计、合成
基于赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽的序列以及体内可能的降解途径设计了系列变体(表1-1),主要是替换为结构相似天然氨基酸以及非天然氨基酸(m01~m04、m07,其中m02是BK的变体);为了确认发挥生物学活性/功能的最小活性单位,设计了部分截短或延长的多肽变体(m05、m06、m08~m11);为了进一步提高变体抗氧化性能,引入半胱氨酸(m13);为了进一步提高多肽稳定性,将赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽单体串联(m12是Lys-BK串联BK、m14是两个Lys-BK串联)。所有多肽纯度>95%。
表1-1 赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽变体序列
多肽名称 | 序列 | SEQ ID NO |
Lys-BK | KRPPGFSPFR | 1 |
Lys-BKm01 | KRPPG{THI}SPFR | 2 |
Lys-BKm02 | RPPG{THI}SPFR | 3 |
Lys-BKm03 | KRPPGHSPFR | 4 |
Lys-BKm04 | KRPPGFSPHR | 5 |
Lys-BKm05 | KRPPG{THI}SPF | 6 |
Lys-BKm06 | KRPPG{THI}SPFRR | 7 |
Lys-BKm07 | KRPPG{THI}SP{THI}R | 8 |
Lys-BKm08 | PG{THI}SPFR | 9 |
Lys-BKm09 | {THI}SPFR | 10 |
Lys-BKm10 | SPFR | 11 |
Lys-BKm11 | KRRPPG{THI}SPFR | 12 |
Lys-BKm12 | KRPPG{THI}SPFRRPPG{THI}SPFR | 13 |
Lys-BKm13 | CRRPPG{THI}SPFR | 14 |
Lys-BKm14 | KRPPG{THI}SPFRKRPPG{THI}SPFR | 15 |
实施例2赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体稳定性研究
通过评价体外血清体系下的稳定性来评估赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽的稳定性。2mg/ml多肽和SD大鼠血清按照体积比85:15进行混和,37℃孵育30min、60min、90min、120min、180min等不同时间点,通过添加3%三氯乙酸(按上述多肽血清混和体系的50%体积)进行终止并可有效去除血清中的基质干扰。进一步基于UPLC-RP-UV214nm方法监测多肽样品在血清体系下的降解情况来评价其稳定性,RP分析方法:色谱柱Protein BEH C4 2.1x150mm,1.7μm,流动相A:0.1%TFA/H2O,流动相B:0.1%TFA/ACN。
表2-1 赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体在血清体系下的稳定性
多肽名称 | 血清体系残留时间 |
Lys-BK | 30~60min |
Lys-BKm01 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm02 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm03 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm04 | >180min |
Lys-BKm05 | >180min |
Lys-BKm06 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm07 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm11 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm12 | 90-120min |
Lys-BKm13 | 60~90min |
Lys-BKm14 | 90-120min |
表2-1结果表明:设计的多种多肽变体相比野生型赖氨酰缓激肽在血清中的稳定性更优,也预示着在体内的稳定性及药效具有一定的优势。
实施例3赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体体外活性评价
一、基于报告基因法的B2受体亲和活性
赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽体内药理作用通过与B2受体结合激活下游信号通路来实现,基于CHO-K1宿主细胞构建了B2报告基因稳转细胞株B2-NFAT-CHO-K1并完成细胞建库,应用于体外赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽或其变体,以及PEG修饰物与B2结合活性的检测评价。
检测方法:将细胞按5×104个/孔的密度铺96孔板,37℃,5%CO2培养16-20小时后加入梯度稀释的标准品和供试品溶液,5小时后加Bio-Lite荧光素酶检测试剂测定化学发光强度,使用GraphPad作图,拟合四参数方程曲线按EC50值计算相对活性,部分检测结果表3-1罗列了多肽变体与B2受体的相对亲和活性,其中Lys-BKm11和Lys-BKm13变体的活性相比野生型赖氨酰缓激肽有一定提高。
表3-1 Lys-BK及其变体与B2受体的相对亲和活性
二、基于下游信号通路关键靶标蛋白的活性分析
以过表达B2R的CHO-K1细胞B2-NFAT-CHO-K1为基础,体外给予Lys-BK/BK及其不同变体干预后,通过WB方法检测B2R下游信号p-CREB、p-ERK1/2的变化以比较受试物的活性差异。胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2,ERK1/2)、环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(cAMP-response element binding protein,CREB)都是B2R激活后下游直接作用的信号分子,在脑卒中发生后CREB与ERK1/2的激活可以防止缺血后的炎症反应与神经元损伤的发生,故其表达的高低可一定程度反应受试物激活B2R的能力,同时从侧面反应神经保护效应发挥的意义。
收集处于对数生长期的CHO-K1(B2R+)细胞,用培养基调整至3×106cells/mL,接种于细胞培养板,3×105个/孔。37.0℃,5.0%CO2的CO2培养箱培养24~48h。待细胞密度长到90%以上时,用PBS洗涤,每孔加入1ml1μM的Lys-BK/BK及其变体样品,对照组则为F12培养基。细胞培养板置于37.0℃、5.0%CO2培养箱中孵育5min,PBS洗涤细胞培养板。加入蛋白裂解液(RIPA、PMSF、磷酸酶抑制剂)80μL/孔,刮棒来回研磨孔底以加速细胞裂解。将细胞碎片与裂解液转移至离心管中,12000rpm,10min,4℃离心。吸取上清,与5×Loading Buffer以4:1体积比混匀,100℃金属浴煮沸10min。将等量的蛋白样品上样到10%SDS-PAGE中进行跑胶、转膜、封闭、抗体孵育、发光鉴定等操作。
Lys-BK/BK及其变体激活下游信号活性检测结果如图1所示,赖氨酰缓激肽Lys-BK可以激活下游ERK1/2和CREB蛋白的磷酸化,与该药物作用机制存在一致性,通过判断下游ERK1/2和CREB蛋白的磷酸化水平来定性评价样品的体外生物学活性。评价结果显示,Lys-BKm05、Lys-BKm07变体已丧失了激活下游通路活性,LBKm01、m02、m06、m11、m12、m13、m14均显示出激活下游通路的活性。
基于上述两种体外活性评价结果可知:赖氨酰缓激肽多肽/缓激肽C端截短后即丧失了与B2R亲和活性以及下游通路激活活性,缺失N端赖氨酸不影响它们与B2R亲和活性以及下游通路激活活性,N端其他氨基酸缺失后丧失了与B2R亲和活性以及下游通路激活活性,最小活性单位为RPPGFSPFR;N端延长(m11)或引入半胱氨酸(m13)均有利于提高与B2R亲和活性。由图1d可知m12、13、14组CREB蛋白的磷酸化显著高于LBK组,揭示m12、13、14能更好地激活下游通路,显示出优于LBK的体外活性。
实施例4赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物制备
赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体的PEG修饰采用本领域常规的方法进行,具体到特定变体及特定PEG修饰剂,部分参数有细微变动,本领域技术人员可以通过有限次实验优化获得,不存在技术上的障碍。以M-SPA-5K修饰野生型BK为例,制备工艺如下:
一、PEG偶联物样品制备
多肽样品用磷酸二氢钠/磷酸氢二钠缓冲液pH7.0溶解,使得终浓度为10mg/mL。按多肽与M-SPA-5K质量比1:7的比例,向多肽溶液中加入PEG,缓慢搅拌至混合均匀后,于2~8℃条件下,反应1h。
二、反应混合物纯化
第一步纯化色谱法条件如下:
纯化填料选用GE公司Superdex75介质,纯化流动相为pH7.0-7.5、20mM磷酸二氢钠/磷酸氢二钠缓冲液,含0.2M NaCl。
上样:取反应结束后的上述多肽-PEG修饰反应混合物直接上样。
洗脱:上样结束后使用流动相洗涤层析柱不少于1.5个柱床体积,根据UV214nm趋势分步收集洗脱样品。
第二步纯化色谱法条件如下:
C18反相柱分离纯化方法,基于两者在极性的差异实现分离,产物纯化收率可达80%以上,同时游离PEG可完全去除。
三、PEG偶联物样品纯度分析
(1)HPLC纯度分析
参考《中国药典》2020年版通则0512高效液相色谱法进行检测,检测色谱类型为SEC(分子筛色谱),流动相为20mM PB7.0+10%IPA,色谱柱TSK G2000,采集条件为214nm。
RP纯度分析方法:色谱柱Protein BEH C4 2.1x150mm,1.7μm,流动相A:0.1%TFA/H2O,流动相B:0.1%TFA/ACN。
纯度结果显示,制备的赖氨酰缓激肽变体系列PEG修饰物产物峰均一,未见明显杂质峰,纯度>95%。
(2)SDS-PAGE纯度分析
按照2020版中国药典0541电泳法第五法SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法开展样品纯度测定,配置12.5%的SDS-PAGE开展样品检测。
电泳结果显示,制备的赖氨酰缓激肽变体系列PEG修饰物条带均一,未见杂带,纯度>95%。
此外,赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体只有N端具有理论可能的修饰位点,因此它们的PEG修饰物均为N端单修饰产物。
实施例5赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物的体外评价
一、稳定性
通过评价体外血清体系下的稳定性来评估赖氨酰缓激肽/缓激肽的稳定性。赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物的稳定性通过评价体外血清体系下的稳定性来间接评估其体内稳定性,检测方法如实施例2。赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物在体外血清体系下的残留时间均大于6h(表5-1),稳定性显著提升。同样分子量PEG下,支链偶联物Lys-BKm01-YNHS10K稳定性优于直链偶联物Lys-BKm01-SPA10K。
表5-1 赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物在血清体系下的稳定性
多肽名称 | 血清体系残留时间 |
Lys-BK-SPA5K | >6h |
Lys-BKm01-SPA2K | >6h |
Lys-BKm01-SPA5K | >6h |
Lys-BKm01-SPA10K | >6h |
Lys-BKm01-YNHS10K | >12h |
Lys-BKm01-SCM5K | >6h |
Lys-BKm01-SS5K | >6h |
二、体外活性
赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物进行了体外与B2受体亲和活性以及激活下游信号通路活性,检测方法同实施例3。赖氨酰缓激肽或其变体经PEG修饰后仍然具有与B2受体的亲和活性(图2a、2b),同时仍可以激活B2受体下游信号通路关键蛋白的磷酸化(图3)。不同结构类型、不同分子量PEG修饰剂偶联产物均仍保留了与B2受体的结合活性,PEG修饰剂包括:分子量从2K到10K,直链和分支,不同结构(SPA、SCM、SS等)。结果表明在相同分子量下直链PEG偶联物活性高于支链PEG偶联物,这一结果在10K和20K两种分子量PEG上均成立。如图2a中所示,Lys-BKm01-SPA10K和Lys-BKm01-YNHS10K的EC50值分别为90.8μg/ml、346.6μg/ml,直链PEG偶联物活性比支链PEG偶联物高近4倍。另相同PEG结构类型下,2K、5K、10K、20K四种PEG中2K和10K的PEG偶联物活性相对更高。
赖氨酰缓激肽及其变体的PEG偶联物激活下游信号通路活性结果结果(图3)显示多肽经PEG偶联后激活B2受体下游ERK1/2和CREB磷酸化的活性相比Lys-BK多肽有所下降,尤其是ERK1/2的磷酸化。相同SPA5K-PEG修饰剂下,不同多肽变体中Lys-BKm13-SPA5K的活性相对最高;相同多肽变体Lys-BKm01下,Lys-BKm01-SPA2K的活性相对最高,同时直链PEG偶联物Lys-BKm01-SPA10K活性高于支链PEG偶联物Lys-BKm01-YNHS10K。
实施例8 BK-PEG在小鼠BCAS模型上药效作用的比较
本发明中,以小鼠双侧颈总动脉狭窄(Bilateral common carotid arterystenosis,BCAS)脑小血管缺血损伤模型为基础,多次静脉注射给予BK-PEG(5mg/kg,所用BK为野生型赖氨酰缓激肽,所用PEG为SPA5K),观察重复给予BK-PEG后对脑小血管缺血损伤的保护作用并进行比较。
一、分组与实验设计
采用双侧颈总动脉弹簧缩束法制备小鼠双侧颈总动脉狭窄(Bilateral commoncarotid artery stenosis,BCAS)脑小血管缺血损伤模型。
BCAS小血管损伤模型的制备:采用BCAS小血管缺血损伤模型,实现小鼠持续性前脑慢性缺血。小鼠使用异氟烷麻醉,首先将小鼠放入麻醉机的诱导盒中诱导麻醉,然后将小鼠仰卧保定并连接呼吸面罩,备皮、消毒皮肤,颈部正中切开,分离双侧颈总动脉,用定制弹簧(弹簧材料:进口钢琴丝,尺寸:线径:0.08mm,内径:0.18mm,节距:约0.5mm,总长:2.5mm)缩束双侧颈总动脉,阻断大部分血流,造成脑部血供降低,全脑持续性慢性缺血。缝合颈部皮肤,消毒,放回笼中饲养。
试验共设3组,即假手术组(SHAM组)、模型对照组(BCAS组)、候选药物组(BK-PEG组)。
于BCAS术后第3天开始分组给药。BCAS组及SHAM组每周尾静脉注射等体积生理盐水1次,BK-PEG组(5mg/kg)每周尾静脉注射给药2次,共给药7周。
采用转棒实验(Rotarod test)于术后第13天、26天检测小鼠运动协调功能;采用挂绳实验(Wire hang)于术后第20天、28天检测小鼠前肢肌肉强度受损情况;采用Y迷宫实验(Y Maze)于术后第29天、44天检测小鼠工作记忆受损情况;采用水迷宫实验(Morrismaze)于术后第48天检测小鼠空间学习记忆受损情况;采用糖水偏爱实验(SPT)于术后第57天检测小鼠抑郁行为。
二、结果
BCAS组与SHAM组比较,在转棒实验、挂绳实验、Y迷宫实验、水迷宫实验、糖水偏爱实验的结果上均有显著性统计学差异,表明BCAS造模导致动物的运动协调、前肢肌肉强度、工作记忆和空间学习记忆障碍,诱发动物的抑郁行为。给药组与BCAS造模组比较,BK-PEG组上述各项检测均有显著性统计学差异,该药能显著改善BCAS造模导致动物的运动协调、前肢肌肉强度、工作记忆和空间学习记忆障碍,减轻BCAS造模诱发的抑郁行为。因此本领域技术人员可以合理预期激肽及其衍生物可以用于治疗血管性认知功能障碍、卒中后认知功能障碍、脑小血管病。结果详见附图4-11、表1~表5。
表1 静脉注射给药对Rotarod test转棒跌落时间的影响
表2 静脉注射给药对Wire hang铁丝跌落时间的影响
***P<0.001,**P<0.01,与SHAM组相比;#P<0.05,与BCAS组相比。
表3 静脉注射给药对Y Maze轮流得分的影响
***P<0.001,**P<0.01,*P<0.05,与SHAM组相比;##P<0.01,#P<0.05,与BCAS组相比。
表4 静脉注射给药对Morris maze登台潜伏期的影响
表5 静脉注射给药对SPT糖水偏爱的影响
组别 | 样本(只) | 57d糖水偏爱(%)均值±标准误 |
SHAM | 14 | 92.5±1.60 |
BCAS | 17 | 85.0±1.28*** |
BK-PEG | 17 | 88.9±0.88*# |
***P<0.001,*P<0.05,与SHAM组相比;#P<0.05,与BCAS组相比。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 江苏众红生物工程创药研究院有限公司
<120> 激肽及其衍生物在治疗VCI、PSCI或CSVD中的应用
<130> Z137
<160> 15
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 1
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Phe Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5 10
<210> 2
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 2
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5 10
<210> 3
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 3
Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5
<210> 4
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 4
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly His Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5 10
<210> 5
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 5
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Phe Ser Pro His Arg
1 5 10
<210> 6
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 6
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe
1 5
<210> 7
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 7
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg Arg
1 5 10
<210> 8
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (9)..(9)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 8
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Xaa Arg
1 5 10
<210> 9
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 9
Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5
<210> 10
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 10
Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5
<210> 11
<211> 4
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 11
Ser Pro Phe Arg
1
<210> 12
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 12
Lys Arg Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5 10
<210> 13
<211> 19
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (15)..(15)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 13
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser
1 5 10 15
Pro Phe Arg
<210> 14
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 14
Cys Arg Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg
1 5 10
<210> 15
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<220>
<221> MUTAGEN
<222> (16)..(16)
<223> Xaa=THI(β-2-噻吩丙氨酸)
<400> 15
Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa Ser Pro Phe Arg Lys Arg Pro Pro Gly Xaa
1 5 10 15
Ser Pro Phe Arg
20
Claims (18)
1.激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的药物中的应用。
2.一种用于治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
3.一种治疗或改善血管性认知功能障碍的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
4.激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善卒中后认知功能障碍的药物中的应用。
5.一种用于治疗或改善卒中后认知功能障碍的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
6.一种治疗或改善卒中后认知功能障碍的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
7.激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病的药物中的应用。
8.一种用于治疗或改善伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
9.一种治疗或改善伴有血管病变的阿尔兹海默病的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
10.激肽及其衍生物在制备治疗或改善脑小血管病的药物中的应用。
11.一种用于治疗或改善脑小血管病的药物组合物,包含激肽及其衍生物。
12.一种治疗或改善脑小血管病的方法,即给予患者激肽及其衍生物。
13.如权利要求1至12任一项所述的激肽为缓激肽或赖氨酰缓激肽。
14.如权利要求1至12任一项所述的激肽衍生物为长效化的激肽。
15.如权利要求14所述的激肽衍生物为激肽的聚乙二醇修饰物,所用PEG修饰剂是SPA、SCM、SS修饰剂;所用PEG修饰剂是直链型或分支型PEG修饰剂。
16.如权利要求14所述的激肽衍生物为激肽的突变体,在赖氨酰缓激肽或缓激肽序列中任意位置引入半胱氨酸,和/或在赖氨酰缓激肽N端第一位及第二位氨基酸残基之间插入任意氨基酸,和/或在缓激肽N端第一位氨基酸残基前插入任意氨基酸;和/或由2个或2个以上赖氨酰缓激肽串联而成,或者由2个或2个以上缓激肽串联而成,或者由赖氨酰缓激肽及缓激肽串联而成;赖氨酰缓激肽第6位Phe或缓激肽第5位Phe被突变为其他氨基酸。
17.如权利要求14所述的激肽衍生物为融合蛋白,激肽Fc片段融合、或与人血清白蛋白融合。
18.如权利要求14所述的激肽衍生物,其缀合有脂肪酸或者是长效化制剂。
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PCT/CN2023/072640 WO2023143256A1 (zh) | 2022-01-30 | 2023-01-17 | 激肽或其衍生物在治疗vci、psci或csvd中的应用 |
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US8003610B2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2011-08-23 | Queen's University Of Belfast | Bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist peptide from amphibian skin |
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