CN116548262B - Planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in alpine arid region - Google Patents
Planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in alpine arid region Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 240000000971 garden vetch Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OYLGLPVAKCEIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium;sulfonato sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O OYLGLPVAKCEIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010092464 Urate Oxidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000290333 Vanilla fragrans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009499 Vanilla fragrans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012036 Vanilla tahitensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016815 Pisum sativum var arvense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in a high and cold arid region, rotary tillage is carried out on plots in the high and cold arid region, and fertilizer I is applied while rotary tillage, wherein the fertilizer I consists of urea, calcium phosphate, highland barley bran, fallen leaves, cow and sheep manure and microbial inoculant; digging a planting strip ditch in the region after standing, broadcasting lignin-based hydrogel and modified phenol polymer in the planting strip ditch, and respectively sowing oat and common vetch in the planting strip ditch, thereby improving the forage grass yield in the alpine arid region.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in a alpine arid region.
Background
The Tibet plateau at the Alli area of the Tibetan autonomous region in China has high topography, average elevation above 4500 meters, cold and dry climate, low annual average precipitation and large day-night temperature difference, and is a very fragile region in ecology and environment. Due to the special natural conditions and geographical conditions in the Arin region, the water retention capacity of the soil is low, the overall temperature of the soil is low, the temperature and the moisture are two key factors influencing the growth of plants, and the poor planting basic conditions seriously influence the planting production of pasture/forage grass in China.
The oat is taken as a gramineous plant, has tough root hairs, belongs to cold-preference crops, has certain drought resistance, is rich in nutrition and is suitable for being eaten by various livestock. In addition, the common vetch, which is also called as the rescue field pea, belongs to the leguminous plant and is annual or biennial herbaceous plant, nitrogen fixation can be carried out in the growth process, the nitrogen content in soil is increased, and meanwhile, the common vetch has higher protein content and can be used as high-quality forage grass/pasture grass. At present, intercropping planting of oat and common vetch is reported in a high and cold arid region, but due to the two characteristics of high and cold and drought in the high and cold arid region, the planted crops are easy to generate diseases caused by the high and cold, and the planted crops are easy to grow and develop and the yield is easy to be damaged due to drought and water shortage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application aims to provide a planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch in a severe cold arid region, which can effectively improve the yield of forage grass/forage grass in the severe cold arid region.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in alpine arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, rotary tillage is carried out on plots in a high and cold arid region, and a fertilizer I is applied while rotary tillage, wherein the fertilizer I consists of urea, calcium phosphate, highland barley bran, fallen leaves, cow and sheep manure and microbial inoculant; the mass portion ratio of the urea, the calcium phosphate, the fallen leaves, the cow and sheep manure and the microbial agent is 8 (7-9) (3-4) (2-3): (7-8): 1.5; then standing for 10 days;
s2, digging a planting strip ditch in the region after standing, spreading a fertilizer II in the planting strip ditch, and covering raw soil with the thickness of 3cm on the upper end of the spread fertilizer; the fertilizer II is lignin-based hydrogel and modified phenol polymer; then standing for 1 day;
s3, sowing oat and common vetch in the planting strip grooves respectively, and arranging three rows of oat planting strip grooves in the middle of the planting strip grooves of two adjacent common vetch;
s4, irrigating at proper time after sowing.
Further, the preparation of the lignin-based hydrogel sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Extracting poplar lignocellulose, drying the obtained poplar lignocellulose at 150 ℃, screening the dried poplar lignocellulose for standby, wherein the pore diameter of a sieve pore is 1.5mm, and the poplar lignocellulose with the mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared;
2) Adding 0.5% of poplar lignocellulose and 13% of carboxymethyl cellulose into water in a reaction container, and heating in a water bath at 50-55 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
3) Adding ammonium disulfate with the mass fraction of 1% into the mixture heated by the water bath, and then vibrating, mixing and cooling the reaction container;
4) When the temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, adding 1% of methylene bisacrylamide and 99% of acrylic acid in mass fraction, stirring and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 70 ℃, and the heating time is 4 hours, so as to obtain lignin-based hydrogel;
5) And (3) cleaning the obtained lignin-based hydrogel by distilled water, and drying the cleaned product at 80-85 ℃.
Further, the mass ratio of the poplar lignocellulose to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the ammonium disulfate to the methylene bisacrylamide to the acrylic acid is 7 (0.5-1) to 1:3:4.
Further, the preparation steps of the modified phenol polymer are as follows:
1) 1 part of hydroquinone and 1 part of vanilla acid are added to 200 parts of sodium acetate with the concentration of 110 millimoles per liter, and stirred and mixed for 15 minutes to form a stirring liquid;
2) Adding 0.1 part of potassium permanganate and 0.1 part of uricase into the stirring liquid, heating to 37 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for stirring, wherein the stirring time is 20 hours, and the rotating speed of a stirrer is 500 revolutions per minute; thereby obtaining a modified phenol polymer solution;
3) And (3) carrying out centrifugal separation on the modified phenol polymer solution, wherein the rotating speed of a centrifugal machine is 15000 r/min, and washing the modified phenol polymer solution with deionized water after centrifugal separation to obtain the modified phenol polymer.
Further, the step S4 specifically further includes: the land block in the alpine arid region is provided with a light intensity sensorThe light intensity sensor, the humidity sensor and the irrigation device are respectively connected with the PLC; the light intensity sensor is used for measuring the actual illumination intensity L received by the land block in the alpine arid region planted with oat and common vetch, and the humidity sensor is used for measuring the actual soil water content H of the land block in the alpine arid region; setting the maximum value H of the soil water content in the PLC by an operator max And a minimum value H min At the same time set the maximum value L of the illumination intensity max And a minimum value L min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The irrigation water quantity Q is set to be Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Four irrigation water levels, and irrigation water quantity Q 0 <Q 1 <Q 2 <Q 3 The values of H and L determine the quantity Q of irrigation water carried out by the irrigation device, specifically: when H is<H min And (2) andwhen H is min <H<H max And (2) andwhen H is>H max And (2) andcompared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch in the alpine arid region, provided by the application, the plant production characteristics of oat and common vetch are effectively utilized, three rows of oat planting strip grooves are arranged in the middle of two adjacent common vetch planting strip grooves, namely, one row of common vetch is planted by spacing three rows of oat, the marginal effect of plants is effectively utilized, and the yield of pasture/forage in the alpine arid region is greatly improved;
2. aiming at the characteristic that water in the alpine arid region is easy to run off, lignin-based hydrogel is applied to soil and kept stand before sowing, so that the water loss in the germination process of the seeds after sowing is effectively avoided; moreover, an acquisition method is provided for the lignin-based hydrogel, so that the use effect of the lignin-based hydrogel is effectively ensured;
3. aiming at the high and cold characteristics of the high and cold arid region, the application applies the modified phenol polymer before sowing and stands, and the novel modified phenol polymer is prepared and applied to improve the plant resistance, thereby greatly reducing the diseases suffered by the plants planted in the high and cold arid region in the growing process;
4. aiming at the characteristic of long sunlight time in the Alry region, the application also determines the irrigation water consumption from the relationship among the illumination intensity, the water content and the water demand in the irrigation process after sowing.
Detailed Description
The application is further described in connection with the following detailed description.
A planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in alpine arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, rotary tillage is carried out on plots in a high and cold arid region, and a fertilizer I is applied while rotary tillage, wherein the fertilizer I consists of urea, calcium phosphate, highland barley bran, fallen leaves, cow and sheep manure and microbial inoculant; the mass portion ratio of the urea, the calcium phosphate, the fallen leaves, the cow and sheep manure and the microbial agent is 8 (7-9) (3-4) (2-3): (7-8): 1.5; then standing for 10 days;
s2, digging a planting strip ditch in the region after standing, spreading a fertilizer II in the planting strip ditch, and covering raw soil with the thickness of 3cm on the upper end of the spread fertilizer; the fertilizer II is lignin-based hydrogel and modified phenol polymer; then standing for 1 day;
s3, sowing oat and common vetch in the planting strip grooves respectively, and arranging three rows of oat planting strip grooves in the middle of the planting strip grooves of two adjacent common vetch;
s4, irrigating at proper time after sowing.
The preparation process of the lignin-based hydrogel sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Extracting poplar lignocellulose, drying the obtained poplar lignocellulose at 150 ℃, screening the dried poplar lignocellulose for standby, wherein the pore diameter of a sieve pore is 1.5mm, and the poplar lignocellulose with the mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared;
2) Adding 0.5% of poplar lignocellulose and 13% of carboxymethyl cellulose into water in a reaction container, and heating in a water bath at 50-55 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
3) Adding ammonium disulfate with the mass fraction of 1% into the mixture heated by the water bath, and then vibrating, mixing and cooling the reaction container;
4) When the temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, adding 1% of methylene bisacrylamide and 99% of acrylic acid in mass fraction, stirring and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 70 ℃, and the heating time is 4 hours, so as to obtain lignin-based hydrogel;
5) And (3) cleaning the obtained lignin-based hydrogel by distilled water, and drying the cleaned product at 80-85 ℃.
For the raw materials of the lignin-based hydrogel, the mass ratio of the poplar lignocellulose, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the ammonium disulfate, the methylene bisacrylamide and the acrylic acid is 7 (0.5-1): 1:3:4.
For a modified phenolic polymer for improving plant resistance in alpine arid regions, the modified phenolic polymer is prepared by the steps of:
1) 1 part of hydroquinone and 1 part of vanilla acid are added to 200 parts of sodium acetate with the concentration of 110 millimoles per liter, and stirred and mixed for 15 minutes to form a stirring liquid;
2) Adding 0.1 part of potassium permanganate and 0.1 part of uricase into the stirring liquid, heating to 37 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for stirring, wherein the stirring time is 20 hours, and the rotating speed of a stirrer is 500 revolutions per minute; thereby obtaining a modified phenol polymer solution;
3) And (3) carrying out centrifugal separation on the modified phenol polymer solution, wherein the rotating speed of a centrifugal machine is 15000 r/min, and washing the modified phenol polymer solution with deionized water after centrifugal separation to obtain the modified phenol polymer.
For the long sun exposure time in the Ali regionThe high intensity is characterized in that the irrigation water consumption is determined according to the relation among the illumination intensity, the water content and the water demand aiming at the irrigation process after sowing. The step S4 specifically further includes: the land parcels in the alpine arid region are provided with light intensity sensors, humidity sensors, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and irrigation devices, wherein the light intensity sensors, the humidity sensors and the irrigation devices are respectively connected with the PLC; the light intensity sensor is used for measuring the actual illumination intensity L received by the land block in the alpine arid region planted with oat and common vetch, and the humidity sensor is used for measuring the actual soil water content H of the land block in the alpine arid region; setting the maximum value H of the soil water content in the PLC by an operator max And a minimum value H min At the same time set the maximum value L of the illumination intensity max And a minimum value L min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The irrigation water quantity Q is set to be Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Four irrigation water levels, and irrigation water quantity Q 0 <Q 1 <Q 2 <Q 3 The values of H and L determine the quantity Q of irrigation water carried out by the irrigation device, specifically:
when H is<H min And (2) andwhen H is min <H<H max And (2) andwhen H is>H max And (2) and
and determining irrigation water quantity according to the illumination intensity and the soil moisture content in the alpine and arid region.
Although the present application has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A planting method for mixed sowing of oat and common vetch forage grass in alpine arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1, rotary tillage is carried out on plots in a high and cold arid region, and a fertilizer I is applied while rotary tillage, wherein the fertilizer I consists of urea, calcium phosphate, highland barley bran, fallen leaves, cow and sheep manure and microbial inoculant; the mass portion ratio of the urea, the calcium phosphate, the fallen leaves, the cow and sheep manure and the microbial agent is 8 (7-9) (3-4) (2-3): (7-8): 1.5; then standing for 10 days; s2, digging a planting strip ditch in the region after standing, spreading a fertilizer II in the planting strip ditch, and covering raw soil with the thickness of 3cm on the upper end of the spread fertilizer; the fertilizer II is lignin-based hydrogel and modified phenol polymer; then standing for 1 day; s3, sowing oat and common vetch in the planting strip grooves respectively, and arranging three rows of oat planting strip grooves in the middle of the planting strip grooves of two adjacent common vetch; s4, irrigating timely after sowing;
the preparation of the lignin-based hydrogel sequentially comprises the following steps: 1) Extracting poplar lignocellulose, drying the obtained poplar lignocellulose at 150 ℃, screening the dried poplar lignocellulose for standby, wherein the pore diameter of a sieve pore is 1.5mm, and the poplar lignocellulose with the mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared; 2) Adding 0.5% of poplar lignocellulose and 13% of carboxymethyl cellulose into water in a reaction container, and heating in a water bath at 50-55 ℃ for 1.5 hours; 3) Adding ammonium disulfate with the mass fraction of 1% into the mixture heated by the water bath, and then vibrating, mixing and cooling the reaction container; 4) When the temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, adding 1% of methylene bisacrylamide and 99% of acrylic acid in mass fraction, stirring and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 70 ℃, and the heating time is 4 hours, so as to obtain lignin-based hydrogel; 5) Washing the obtained lignin-based hydrogel with distilled water, and drying the washed product at 80-85 ℃;
the preparation steps of the modified phenol polymer are as follows: 1) 1 part of hydroquinone and 1 part of vanilla acid are added to 200 parts of sodium acetate with the concentration of 110 millimoles per liter, and stirred and mixed for 15 minutes to form a stirring liquid; 2) Adding 0.1 part of potassium permanganate and 0.1 part of uricase into the stirring liquid, heating to 37 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for stirring, wherein the stirring time is 20 hours, and the rotating speed of a stirrer is 500 revolutions per minute; thereby obtaining a modified phenol polymer solution; 3) And (3) carrying out centrifugal separation on the modified phenol polymer solution, wherein the rotating speed of a centrifugal machine is 15000 r/min, and washing the modified phenol polymer solution with deionized water after centrifugal separation to obtain the modified phenol polymer.
2. The planting method of mixed sowing forage grass for oat and common vetch in alpine arid region as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the poplar lignocellulose to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the ammonium disulfate to the methylene bisacrylamide to the acrylic acid is 7 (0.5-1) to 1:3:4.
3. The planting method of mixed sowing of oat and common vetch in alpine arid region as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the step S4 specifically further includes: the land parcels in the alpine arid region are provided with light intensity sensors, humidity sensors, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and irrigation devices, wherein the light intensity sensors, the humidity sensors and the irrigation devices are respectively connected with the PLC; the light intensity sensor is used for measuring the actual illumination intensity L received by the land block in the alpine arid region planted with oat and common vetch, and the humidity sensor is used for measuring the actual soil water content H of the land block in the alpine arid region; setting the maximum value H of the soil water content in the PLC by an operator max And a minimum value H min At the same time set the maximum value L of the illumination intensity max And a minimum value L min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The irrigation water quantity Q is set to be Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Four irrigation water levels, and irrigation water quantity Q 0 <Q 1 <Q 2 <Q 3 The values of H and L determine the quantity Q of irrigation water carried out by the irrigation device, specifically:
when H is<H min And (2) and
when H is min <H<H max And (2) and
when H is>H max And (2) and
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