CN116266671A

CN116266671A - Antenna unit, wireless transceiver and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN116266671A
Application number: CN202111546263.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘珂鑫; 王汉阳
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-16
Filing date: 2021-12-16
Publication date: 2023-06-20
Also published as: WO2023109560A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, which comprises: a floor, a first resonant element, and a second resonant element disposed in a stack along a first direction, wherein the floor is disposed to ground; the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor, and the first resonant element is electrically connected with the second resonant element; the first resonant element includes a first resonant arm extending in a second direction, and the second resonant element includes a second resonant arm extending in a third direction; the first and second resonance arms are different in size; the first resonant element produces a first resonance point in a first communication band and the second resonant element produces a second resonance point in a second communication band. The first resonant arm and the second resonant arm form a certain angle, so that the pattern of the antenna unit can be prevented from being depressed in a large range in a coverage range (for example, a main lobe). The antenna element has broadband radiation characteristics. The stacked structure can reduce the planar size of the antenna unit, realize miniaturization of the antenna unit, and enable the antenna unit to be placed in electronic equipment with compact space.

Description

Antenna unit, wireless transceiver and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an electronic device.

Background

An Ultra Wideband (UWB) communication technology is a wireless communication technology. Because of its large bandwidth, it can be applied to accurate positioning. Typically, the UWB bands are 6.5GHZ and 8GHZ, and the antenna needs to meet these requirements in both operating bands when the end product is located by UWB technology.

However, in the prior art, the patterns of the UWB antenna which simultaneously satisfy two operating frequency bands have a large range of recesses in the coverage area, which results in inaccurate distance measurement and affects the accuracy of target positioning. In addition, UWB antennas are large in size and are not suitable for placement in terminals that are compact in space.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, a wireless transceiver and electronic equipment, which can solve the problems.

In a first aspect, an antenna unit is provided, comprising: a floor, a first resonant element, and a second resonant element disposed in a stack along a first direction, wherein the floor is disposed to ground; the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a first connecting piece at a first position, and the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a second connecting piece at a second position and a third position of the second resonant element; the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm extending from the first position to a second direction, and the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm extending from the third position to a third direction; the first resonant arm has a first dimension and the second resonant arm has a second dimension; the first resonant element producing a first resonance point in a first communication band and the second resonant element producing a second resonance point in a second communication band; the second resonant element further comprises a feed point, wherein the feed point is for electrical connection with a feed source.

By stacking the first resonant element and the second resonant element in the first direction, the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm, the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm, the first resonant arm and the second resonant arm form a certain angle, for example, the angle is close to 90 degrees or equal to 90 degrees, an electric field generated by the first resonant arm and the second resonant arm cannot be counteracted, a large-range depression of a pattern of the antenna unit in a coverage range (for example, a main lobe) is avoided, and gain variation fluctuation of the antenna unit is small in an angle near the maximum radiation direction (for example, within a range of plus or minus 60 degrees of the maximum radiation angle). The resonance sizes of the first resonance arm and the second resonance arm (for example, the resonance size of the first resonance arm 503 is 5036 in fig. 5A, and the resonance size of the second resonance arm 505 is 5058 in length) are different, so that radiation of at least two resonance points can be realized, the planar size of the antenna unit can be reduced by the stacked structure, miniaturization of the antenna unit can be realized, the antenna unit can be more conveniently formed into an array, and the antenna unit can be more conveniently placed in an electronic device with compact space. The first and second resonator elements arranged in a stack are coupled such that the bandwidth of the antenna element can be extended.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first communication band includes 6.5GHz and the second communication band includes 8GHz.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first connection is a via, and the second connection is a via.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first resonant element is a rectangular radiating element, the second resonant element is a rectangular radiating element, the first location is located at a first edge of the rectangular radiating element, and the second location is located at a second edge of the rectangular radiating element, wherein the first edge and the second edge are adjacent.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a first dielectric is filled between the first resonant element and the floor, and a second dielectric is filled before the second resonant element and the first resonant element, wherein the first dielectric is different from the second dielectric. For example, by arranging dielectrics with different dielectric constants, the binding capacity of the first resonant element or the second resonant element to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the problem of large-range recession of the antenna unit in the main lobe of the directional diagram can be alleviated.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the antenna unit further includes an adjustable device, a first end of the adjustable device is connected to the first resonant element, and a second end of the adjustable device is connected to the second resonant element. By arranging the adjustable device, the current path between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 can be adjusted, impedance matching can be performed, the binding capacity of the first resonant element 503 or the second resonant element 505 to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the problem of large-range depression of the antenna unit pattern on the main lobe can be reduced.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first resonant element has a third dimension in the second direction, the third dimension being for a third resonance point, wherein the third resonance point is different from the second resonance point, wherein the third resonance point is different from the first resonance point.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first resonant element or the second resonant element includes an opening.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a spacing between the first resonant element and the second resonant element along the first direction is less than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or a spacing between the first resonant element and the floor along the first direction is less than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or a spacing between the first resonant element and the second resonant element along the first direction is less than 0.02 resonant wavelength, a spacing between the first resonant element and the floor along the first direction is less than 0.02 resonant wavelength; the resonant wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a minimum frequency point in the resonant points of the first resonant element and the second resonant element, and the resonant points comprise the first resonant point and the second resonant point. By arranging the spacing, the binding capacity of the first resonant element 503 and/or the second resonant element 505 to the electromagnetic field can be enhanced, the directional diagram is prevented from being depressed in a large range in the main lobe, and the height of the antenna unit in the first direction can be reduced, so that the antenna unit can be applied to electronic equipment in a compact space, or the antenna unit can be conveniently formed into an array.

In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided an antenna unit, including: a floor, a first resonant element, and a second resonant element disposed in a stack along a first direction, wherein the floor is disposed to ground; the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a first connecting piece at a fourth position, and the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a second connecting piece at a second position and a third position of the second resonant element; the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm extending from the fourth position to a second direction, and the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm extending from the third position to a direction opposite to the second direction; the first resonant element producing a first resonance point in a first communication band and the second resonant element producing a second resonance point in a second communication band; the distance between the first resonant element and the second resonant element along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or the distance between the first resonant element and the floor along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or the distance between the first resonant element and the second resonant element along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, and the distance between the first resonant element and the floor along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength; the resonant wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a minimum frequency point in the resonant points of the first resonant element and the second resonant element, and the resonant points comprise the first resonant point and the second resonant point; the second resonant element further comprises a feed point, wherein the feed point is for electrical connection with a feed source.

By arranging the spacing, the binding capacity of the first resonant element 503 and/or the second resonant element 505 to the electromagnetic field can be enhanced, the directional diagram is prevented from being depressed in a large range in the main lobe, and the height of the antenna unit in the first direction can be reduced, so that the antenna unit can be applied to electronic equipment in a compact space, or the antenna unit can be conveniently formed into an array.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a dimension of the first resonant arm in the second direction is different from a dimension of the second resonant arm in the second direction.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a dimension of the first resonant arm in the third direction is different from a dimension of the second resonant arm in the third direction.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first resonant element further includes a second additional element extending from the first position in a direction opposite to the first direction, the second additional element being electrically connected to the first resonant arm. By providing the second additional element, the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna element can be improved.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second resonant element further includes a third additional element extending from the third position to the first direction, the third additional element being electrically connected to the second resonant arm. The provision of the third additional element may improve the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna element at the first resonance point.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first communication band includes 6.5GHz and the second communication band includes 8GHz.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first connection is a via, and the second connection is a via.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a first dielectric is filled between the first resonant element and the floor, and a second dielectric is filled before the second resonant element and the first resonant element, wherein the first dielectric is different from the second dielectric. For example, by arranging dielectrics with different dielectric constants, the binding capacity of the first resonant element or the second resonant element to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the problem of large-range recession of the antenna unit in the main lobe of the directional diagram can be alleviated.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the antenna unit further includes an adjustable device, a first end of the adjustable device is connected to the first resonant element, and a second end of the adjustable device is connected to the second resonant element.

A third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a wireless transceiver device, the wireless transceiver device including a radio frequency transceiver and an antenna unit according to any one of the first or second aspects, wherein the radio frequency transceiver is coupled to the antenna unit, and transmits a signal to the antenna unit, and the antenna unit transmits the signal through electromagnetic waves.

In a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is provided, where the electronic device includes an antenna unit according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect of a baseband processor, where the baseband processor transmits a signal to the antenna unit, and where the antenna unit transmits the signal through electromagnetic waves.

A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the antenna unit of any one of the first aspect or the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a metal frame and a PCB, the first resonant element or the second resonant element is a metal frame, and the floor is electrically connected with the PCB. By taking the peripheral metal frame of the electronic equipment as a radiator, the space in the electronic equipment can be saved, and the shielding of the signal of the antenna unit by the rear cover or the display screen can be avoided due to the conformal shape of the metal frame.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram of a hardware architecture of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2A is a view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2B is another view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 shows an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of spherical coordinates characterizing a pattern of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5A-5C are schematic diagrams of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of reflection coefficient of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figures 7A-7D illustrate an antenna element pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a graph showing radiation efficiency and total efficiency of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a local electric field of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a simulation diagram of reflection coefficient of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 16 is a simulation diagram of reflection coefficient of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figures 17A-17D illustrate an antenna element pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 22 is a simulation diagram of reflection coefficient of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Wherein, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "/" means or is meant unless otherwise indicated, for example, a/B may represent a or B; "and/or" herein is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" means two or more than two.

The terms "first" and "second" are used below for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present embodiment, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, in this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," and the like are defined relative to the orientation in which components are schematically positioned in the drawings, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative terms, which are used for descriptive and clarity relative thereto, and which may vary accordingly depending on the orientation in which components are positioned in the drawings.

It should be noted that "electrically connected" in the embodiments of the present application should be understood in a broad sense, and may include physically direct connection, or may include connection through coupling, or may include a combination of coupling and physically direct connection.

Electronic devices typically require wireless communication through an antenna. Through the antenna, the electronic device may wirelessly communicate in a plurality of wireless communication bands including a satellite navigation system communication band, a cellular telephone communication band, a wireless local area network communication band, a near field communication band, an ultra-wideband communication band, or other wireless communication band.

The currently prevailing UWB communications bands include 6.5GHZ (500 MHz bandwidth) and 8GHZ (500 MHz bandwidth), requiring that UWB antennas operate in both bands over a wide frequency band. And is compact in space within the terminal, a miniaturized UWB antenna is required.

In order for an electronic device to realize wireless communication, a plurality of antennas are required to be installed inside a mobile phone so as to realize the coverage of wireless signals in different directions and/or different communication frequency bands.

However, the bandwidth of a single antenna is narrow, and it is difficult to operate in multiple frequency bands; second, as the functions of electronic devices increase, the number of modules/devices (e.g., modules, sensors, etc.) in the electronic devices increases, the space for placing antennas decreases, and the number of antennas that can be accommodated in the electronic devices is limited, so that an antenna that can operate in multiple frequency bands is needed.

Before describing the embodiments of the present application, some basic concepts will be described:

antenna polarization: the antenna polarization direction refers to the direction of an electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave in the maximum radiation direction of the antenna. Common antenna polarizations include vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, elliptical polarization, circular polarization, and the like. If the electric field direction is horizontal to the ground in the propagation process of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, the polarization mode of the antenna is horizontal polarization; if the direction of the electric field is parallel to the ground in the propagation process of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, the polarization mode of the antenna is horizontal polarization; if the direction of the electric field is vertical to the ground in the propagation process of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, the polarization mode of the antenna is horizontal and vertical; if the motion track of the tail end of the electric field vector along with time is elliptical in the propagation process of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, the polarization mode of the antenna is elliptical.

Antenna gain: the "gain" refers to the ratio of the electric field strength of the antenna radiation pattern in the strongest radiation direction of the antenna to the electric field strength of the reference antenna. If the reference antenna is an omni-directional antenna, the gain is in dBi, and if the reference antenna is an electric dipole antenna, the gain is in dBd. Antenna gain is a passive phenomenon in which the antenna does not increase power, but simply redistributes so that more energy is radiated in a certain direction than an omni-directional antenna. If the antenna gain is positive in some directions, its gain in other directions is negative due to the conservation of energy of the antenna. Thus, the gain achieved by an antenna is balanced between the coverage of the antenna and its gain

Antenna return loss: it is understood that the ratio of the signal power reflected back through the antenna circuit to the antenna port transmit power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The antenna return loss can be expressed in terms of a reflection coefficient S11 parameter, which is typically negative. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the return loss of the antenna is, and the larger the radiation efficiency of the antenna is; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the return loss of the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna. By the way, the frequency point corresponding to the minimum value in the S11 parameter is referred to as the resonance frequency.

Bandwidth: the bandwidth of an antenna refers to the frequency range in which it operates effectively, and is typically referred to as bandwidth by engineering a frequency band having an S11 parameter of less than-10 dB. In some embodiments, a frequency band with S11 parameter less than-5 dB may also be referred to as bandwidth

Antenna pattern: also called radiation pattern. Refers to a pattern of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the far field of the antenna radiation as a function of direction at a distance from the antenna, typically represented by two mutually perpendicular planar patterns passing through the antenna's maximum radiation direction. The antenna pattern may generally comprise a plurality of radiation beams. The radiation beam where the maximum point of radiation intensity is located is called a main lobe, and the rest radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. By this, the main lobe of the antenna is the required coverage. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe. Generally, the two-dimensional antenna pattern may be a plane where phi is disposed at different angles (as shown in fig. 4). For example, in the coordinate system as in fig. 5A, xoz faces are planes where phi is equal to 0, and xoz faces are rotated by 90 degrees along the y-axis, resulting in planes where phi=90 degrees. The present embodiment defines the main lobe as the coverage area required by the antenna.

The pattern of the antenna is related to the electrical length of the antenna. For example, for an electric dipole, the pattern of a half-wavelength electrical length antenna is different from the pattern of a full-wavelength electrical length.

Pattern recessing: pattern recessing, as described in embodiments herein, refers to recessing of the antenna pattern within the desired coverage range (e.g., main lobe). For example, for the antenna element shown in fig. 5A, the range that the antenna pattern is required to cover is the upper half of the xoy plane (e.g., the +z region).

Array: the method is also called beam forming, and the radiation pattern of the array is obtained by feeding current to each antenna through a feed network by using a plurality of same (or different) antennas according to a certain rule and controlling amplitude and phase. By beamforming, a high gain can be obtained in a specific direction, or scanning of a beam can be achieved. In general, it is also known as an antenna element for the antennas that make up the array, to ensure that the main lobe of the pattern is not depressed.

Medium wavelength: due to the presence of a medium, the electromagnetic parameters (e.g., permittivity and permeability) of the medium are different from those in vacuum, and the propagation speed of an electromagnetic wave in the medium is different from that in vacuum, i.e., the wavelength thereof is different, and the propagation wavelength in the medium is the medium wavelength.

It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit capable of operating in multiple frequency bands, a wireless transceiver and electronic equipment. It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the meaning of the frequency band and the frequency band are the same.

By stacking different resonant units in the height direction, the antenna unit can be miniaturized, and is more convenient to form an antenna array and arranged in electronic equipment with compact space.

By arranging the vertical or approximately vertical resonant arms, the problem of large-range concave of the directional diagram caused by mutual cancellation of the radiated electric fields of the resonant arms in the main lobe direction can be reduced.

By arranging different sized resonating arms, the heaven and earth element can generate at least two resonating points, wherein the first resonating point is in a first communication frequency band, the second resonating point is in a second communication frequency band, the first communication frequency band comprises a UWB frequency point of 6.5GHz, and the second communication frequency band comprises a UWB frequency point of 8GHz.

The antenna unit provided by the application can be applied to electronic equipment. Illustratively, the embodiment of the present application is illustrated by taking the electronic device 100 as an example.

The electronic device 100 may include at least one of a cell phone, a foldable electronic device, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), a netbook, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, an artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence, AI) device, a wearable device (e.g., smart bracelet, smart watch, smart pendant, etc.), a vehicle device, a smart home device, or a smart city device. The electronic device 100 may also be a handheld device, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device (e.g., an in-vehicle radar), an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN), etc., as the embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in the present application, and the electronic device 100 is illustrated as a mobile phone.

The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) connector 130, a charge management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, keys 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display 194, and a subscriber identity module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195, etc. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor (not shown), a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor (not shown), a magnetic sensor (not shown), an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor (not shown), a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, and the like.

It is to be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or certain components may be combined, certain components may be split, or different arrangements of components (e.g., electronic device 100 may not include USB connector 130, but rather a lighting interface). The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as: the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, and/or a neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein the different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated in one or more processors.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, a modem processor, a baseband processor, and the like.

The

antennas

1 and 2 are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication bands. Different antennas may also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example: the antenna 1 may be multiplexed into a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 may provide a solution for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc., applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 may receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, perform processes such as filtering, amplifying, and the like on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit the processed electromagnetic waves to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert the signal into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 to radiate. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 110.

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is used for modulating the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used for demodulating the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. The low frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and then transferred to the application processor. The application processor outputs sound signals through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or video through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a stand-alone device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional module, independent of the processor 110.

The wireless communication module 160 may provide solutions for wireless communication including wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (e.g., wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (BT), bluetooth low energy (bluetooth low energy, BLE), ultra Wide Band (UWB), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field wireless communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (IR), etc., as applied on the electronic device 100. The wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, modulates the electromagnetic wave signals, filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and transmits the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 may also receive a signal to be transmitted from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it to electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna 2.

In some embodiments, antenna 1 and mobile communication module 150 of electronic device 100 are coupled, and antenna 2 and wireless communication module 160 are coupled, such that electronic device 100 may communicate with networks and other electronic devices through wireless communication techniques. The wireless communication techniques may include the Global System for Mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS), code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time division code division multiple access (time-division code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and/or IR techniques, among others. The GNSS may include a global satellite positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS), a beidou satellite navigation system (beidou navigation satellite system, BDS), a quasi zenith satellite system (quasi-zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or a satellite based augmentation system (satellite based augmentation systems, SBAS).

Fig. 2A-2B are schematic diagrams illustrating an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application and configured with an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 2A, the electronic device 100 is taken as an example of a mobile phone.

The electronic device 100 may include at least one of a display module, a middle frame, a rear cover, and a circuit board PCB (Printed circuit board).

The material of the middle frame (or the rear cover) can comprise at least one of plastic, glass, metal and the like; in some embodiments, the middle frame and the rear cover may be integral.

In some embodiments, an antenna for wireless communication is included in the electronic device 100.

Illustratively, the antenna on the electronic device 100 may include an antenna 205 located on or near the center of the handset. To avoid blocking of antenna radiation signals, the center of the electronic device may include an opening (e.g., a speaker audio opening or other opening) that may be used to place the antenna 205 as a radiation window for the antenna 205, and may be filled with a dielectric (e.g., plastic) or air.

In some embodiments, to avoid interruption of communication caused by blocking the antenna's radiated signal by a human hand, other parts of the body, or other objects in the environment, the electronic device 100 may include multiple antennas, and the electronic device 100 may switch antennas in different scenarios to keep communication uninterrupted. For example, the electronic device may also include

antennas

207, 201, 203 at different locations of the electronic device. While a user holds electronic device 100,

antennas

203 and 205 may be obscured by the user's hand, and the electronic device may switch the active antenna to antenna 201 and/or antenna 207 by detecting the strength of the received signal and/or detecting a user gesture (e.g., detecting a gesture of the user's hand).

In some embodiments, to meet the communication requirements of different radiation directions, the electronic device may further comprise an antenna 209 on the back cover. In some embodiments, the antenna 209 on the electronic device 100 may also be placed on a PCB board, and the antenna 209 on the electronic device 100 may also be placed on a display module. In some embodiments, the antenna 209 may also be fixed in the FPC.

It should be understood that the locations of

antennas

207, 205, 201, 203, 209 are illustrative.

It should be noted that, the antenna on the electronic device may further include antennas in other frequency bands, for example, the antenna in the electronic device 100 may further include antennas in 2G, 3G, LTE (Long-term evolution) 4G cellular communication frequency bands, wireless local area network antennas (such as antennas operating in 2.4GHz and/or 5GHz frequency bands, or bluetooth antennas), NFC (Near-field communication) antennas, satellite navigation GPS (Global positioning system), and so on.

In some embodiments, the antenna may also exist in the form of an antenna array or antenna module because electromagnetic waves are highly lost during spatial propagation in some special frequency bands (e.g., millimeter wave frequency bands), or in some special application scenarios.

Schematically, fig. 3 shows a top view of the antenna 205 (from the perspective of the electronic device as seen from the right side of the electronic device), the antenna 205 may comprise at least one antenna element on a substrate 300. For example, antenna 205 may include antenna elements 205-1, 205-2, 205-3, 205-4. It should be understood that the number and arrangement of antenna elements is illustrative. It should be appreciated that the substrate 300 may be a rigid or flexible circuit board, or may be a dielectric substrate (e.g., epoxy, ceramic, glass, foam, plastic, etc.). In some embodiments, the substrate 300 may include multiple dielectric layers, where the dielectric layers may include multiple layers of glass fiber filled epoxy, or the like.

In some embodiments, electronic device 100 may feed different antenna elements through different feed ports. For example, by controlling the amplitude and phase of the current at the feed ports 301, 302, 303, 304, the switching of the radiation beam of the antenna 205 can be controlled.

In some embodiments, antenna 205 may operate in a single band, with different antenna elements on antenna 205 being the same size. For example, the antenna structures and operating frequency bands of the individual antenna elements on antenna element 205 may all be different.

In some embodiments, antenna 205 may operate in multiple frequency bands and antenna 205 may include different sized antenna elements thereon. For example, antenna elements 205-1 and 205-2 are a set of antenna elements having the same operating frequency band, antenna elements 205-3 and 205-4 are another set of antenna elements having the same operating frequency band, wherein antenna elements 205-3 and 205-4 may be configured differently than antenna elements 205-3 and 205-4, and antenna elements 205-3 and 205-4 may be configured differently than antenna elements 205-3 and 205-4.

In some embodiments, the form of the antenna element is not limited. For example, the antenna element 205-1 may be a patch antenna (the patch may have a circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc. shape), a dipole antenna, a yagi antenna, a magneto-electric dipole antenna, a loop antenna, an inverted-F antenna, a slot antenna, a helical antenna, or any combination thereof. Different antenna combinations may be or different bandwidths of antennas. In some embodiments, the antenna unit may be a circularly polarized antenna or a linearly polarized antenna, and the polarization mode of the antenna unit is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, an antenna on electronic device 100 may have multiple beams that are directed in different directions. For example, antenna 205 may generate differently directed beams by beamforming (e.g., differently directed beams may be generated by switching). It should be understood that the beam switching described in this embodiment refers to switching of the main lobe radiation direction of the antenna pattern.

In some embodiments, at least two of the antenna elements and/or antenna arrays, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs, radio frequency integrated circuit), radio frequency transceiver circuits may be integrated in an antenna module (or module) in order to reduce transmission losses of the transceiver circuit to the antenna.

In some embodiments, antenna 205 may include an antenna element and a radio frequency integrated circuit. The radio frequency integrated circuit comprises at least one or a combination of a plurality of circuits such as a radio frequency transceiver, a power amplifying circuit, an up-down conversion circuit, a duplexer, a low noise amplifying circuit, a tuning circuit, a switch and the like. It should be appreciated that the rf transceiver, power amplification circuit, up-down conversion circuit, diplexer, low noise amplification circuit, tuning circuit, switch, etc. may be packaged in the form of a chip with an antenna unit (e.g., in an antenna-in-package manner) to form an antenna module.

Illustratively, the antenna 205 may include an antenna array, where the antenna array is comprised of antenna elements 205-1, 205-2, 205-3, 205-4. The antenna 205 includes at least one of an rf front-end chip (or an rf front-end circuit), a power management chip (or a power management circuit), an rf transceiver chip (or an rf transceiver circuit), and the like. Antenna 205 may also include a dielectric substrate (e.g., epoxy, ceramic, glass, foam, plastic, etc.) for placing the antenna array and/or antenna array and radio frequency front end circuitry.

The antenna 209 may also include an antenna array formed by the antenna unit 209-1, etc., or the antenna 209 and the rf integrated circuit may form a module, and the description of the antenna unit and the antenna module may refer to the relevant content of fig. 3, which is not repeated here.

In the electronic device 100, the radiation beam direction of the antenna 209 is different from that of the antenna 205. The radiation direction of the antenna 209 is the front or rear of the electronic device 100.

As shown in fig. 4, the pattern of the antenna element 205-1 is typically observed in a spherical coordinate system. For example, the value of phi may be fixed, looking at the pattern of theta from a two-dimensional plane corresponding to 0-180 degrees. Typically looking at a pattern of two perpendicular planes where phi is 0 degrees and phi is 90 degrees.

Fig. 5A is an exploded view of an exemplary antenna element 205-1 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 5B-5C are cross-sectional views of the antenna element at different viewing angles.

As shown in fig. 5A, the antenna unit includes a floor 501, a first resonating element 503, and a second resonating element 505 that are stacked along a first direction (e.g., a z-direction). Wherein the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 respectively serve as a first radiator and a second radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

In some embodiments, the floor 501 may be a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) internal to the electronic device 100.

The materials of the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 may be metals, graphene, and the like, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the materials. In some embodiments, conductive traces are also possible.

In some embodiments, the floor 501, the first resonant element 503 may be filled with a first dielectric (e.g., glass, plastic, etc.). In other embodiments, a second dielectric (e.g., glass, plastic) may be filled between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505.

Illustratively, the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 may have the same shape. For example, both the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 are rectangular.

The first resonant element 503 may include two vertical or near vertical edges, and the two edges are disposed adjacently. For example, the first resonant element 503 includes an edge 5031 in a second direction (e.g., x-direction) and an extending edge 5032 in a third direction (e.g., y-direction). The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular or nearly perpendicular.

The second resonator element 505 comprises two vertical or near vertical edges, and the two edges are arranged adjacently. For example, the second resonator element 505 includes an edge 5051 in a second direction (e.g., x-direction) and an edge 5052 in a third direction (e.g., y-direction).

A first location of the first resonator element 503 (e.g., edge 5031 or some point of edge 5031) and the floor 501 are electrically connected by a first connector 507. The first resonant element includes a first resonant arm extending from a first location in a third direction (e.g., y-direction). In some embodiments, the first connector 507 may be a via (or referred to as a through hole). Optionally, the via is a metal via. Optionally, the first connector 507 includes a plurality of metal vias, and an extending direction of the plurality of metal vias is a second direction (e.g., an x direction). The antenna is electrically connected in a via mode, so that the antenna is convenient to package.

A third location of the second resonator element 505 (e.g., edge 5052 or a point on edge 5052) and a second location of the first resonator element 503 (e.g., edge 5032 or a point on edge 5032) are electrically connected by a second connector 509. The second resonator element 505 includes a second resonator arm formed extending from the third position toward the fourth direction (e.g., the-x direction opposite to the second direction). The second connector 509 may be disposed in the same manner as the first connector 507, and will not be described herein, except that the arrangement and extension directions are different.

As shown in fig. 5A or 5B, a feeding point 5055 may be provided on the second resonator element 505, wherein the feeding point is for electrically connecting with a feeding terminal (not shown), which may be a coaxial line. In some embodiments, the electrical feed location may be located at a corner of the resonant element 505 or at an edge location.

The first resonating arm has a first dimension (e.g., 5036 in fig. 5A) in a third direction (e.g., the y-direction) that produces a first resonating point that is within a first communications band.

In some embodiments, the first communications band includes a UWB (ultra wideband bandwidth, ultra wide band) band of 6.5GHz, or a band around the 6.5GHz point (e.g., 20% bandwidth around 6.5 GHz).

In some embodiments, the resonant mode generated by the first resonant arm is a 1/4 wavelength resonant mode. It should be appreciated that the wavelengths may include air wavelengths corresponding to the resonance frequency points or medium wavelengths corresponding to the resonance frequency points.

The second resonating arm has a second dimension (e.g., 5058 shown in fig. 5A) in a fourth direction (e.g., an-x direction opposite the second direction) that produces a second resonating point that is within a second communications band.

In some embodiments, the second communication band includes a UWB (ultra wideband bandwidth, ultra wide band) band of 8GHz, or a band around the 8GHz frequency point (e.g., 20% bandwidth around 8 GHz).

In some embodiments, the resonant mode of the second resonant arm is a 1/4 wavelength resonant mode. It should be appreciated that the wavelengths may include air wavelengths corresponding to the resonance frequency points or medium wavelengths corresponding to the resonance frequency points.

It will be appreciated that the actual dimensions may be longer or shorter, as long as the error is not exceeded.

By stacking the first resonant element and the second resonant element in the first direction, the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm, the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm, the first resonant arm and the second resonant arm form a certain angle, the angle is close to 90 degrees or equal to 90 degrees, an electric field generated by the first resonant arm and the second resonant arm cannot be counteracted, a large-range depression of a directional diagram of an antenna unit in a coverage range (for example, a main lobe) is avoided, and gain variation fluctuation of the antenna unit is small on an angle (for example, within a range of plus or minus 60 degrees) near the maximum radiation direction. The resonant dimensions of the first resonant arm and the second resonant arm (for example, the resonant dimension of the first resonant arm 503 is 5036 in fig. 5A, and the resonant dimension of the second resonant arm 505 is 5058 in length) are different, so that radiation of at least two resonant points can be realized, and meanwhile, the planar dimension of the antenna unit is reduced, miniaturization of the antenna unit is realized, the antenna unit is more convenient to form an array, and the antenna unit can be more conveniently placed in an electronic device with compact space.

As shown in fig. 5C, the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 have a pitch (or height) h2 and the first resonant element 503 and the floor 501 have a pitch (or height) h1.

Fig. 6-8 are graphs of simulation results of an exemplary antenna element 205-1 described in the embodiment of fig. 5.

Air is filled between the floor 501 and the first resonator element 503, and air is also filled between the first resonator element 503 and the second resonator element 505. The first resonator element 503 is at a distance of 1mm from the floor 501 in the first direction. The first resonator element 503 is spaced from the second resonator element 505 by 1mm in the first direction.

The first resonant element 503 is a rectangular resonant element and the length along the third direction (e.g., y-direction) is 11mm, and the second resonant element 505 is a rectangular resonant element and the length along the x-direction is 8mm.

As shown in fig. 6, the first resonant element produces a first resonance point in a first communication frequency band (e.g., 6.25GHz-6.75 GHz) and the second resonant element produces a second resonance point in a second communication frequency band (e.g., 7.75GHz-8.25 GHz).

The antenna element produces a first resonance point at 6.5GHz and a second resonance point at 8 GHz.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit of the embodiment of fig. 6 at two different resonance points and in different cross sections (for example, the first cross section is phi 0 degrees and the second cross section is phi 90 degrees).

Fig. 7A-7B are directional diagrams of the antenna element at two perpendicular planes (phi=0 degrees and phi=90 degrees), respectively, when the antenna element resonates at a first resonance point. It can be seen that the two planar antenna patterns do not create a large depression in the main lobe.

Fig. 7C-7D are directional diagrams of the antenna element at two perpendicular planes (phi=0 degrees and phi=90 degrees), respectively, when the antenna element resonates at the second resonance point. It can be seen that the two planar antenna patterns do not create a large depression in the main lobe.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the radiation efficiency and the total efficiency of the antenna unit. It can be seen that the antenna element has a higher efficiency (overall efficiency) at both resonance points than at the non-resonance point.

As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the first resonating arm may have a third dimension (e.g., a dimension in which 503 extends in the x-direction) along the second direction (e.g., the x-direction) or the fourth direction (e.g., the-x-direction) that may create a third resonating point. For example, the first resonating arm may generate a third resonating point (e.g., 8.3GHz resonating point) within the second communications band. In some embodiments, the resonant mode corresponding to the third resonance point generated by the first resonant arm may include a TM1/2,1 resonant mode.

The first resonant arm extends in the second direction or in the fourth direction by a different dimension than the antenna element shown in the embodiment of fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a partial electric field distribution diagram of the antenna element in the embodiment of fig. 9. Specifically, fig. 10 is an electric field diagram in which the first resonance arm resonates at the third resonance point. It can be seen that the third resonant mode of the first resonant element is the TM1/2,1 resonant mode.

As shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the first resonant element 503 may further include an opening 5057 thereon. It should be appreciated that the opening 5057 may be closed or non-closed. The closed opening may be a slit.

By constructing an opening in the first resonating element, which opening may extend the path of the current, the resonant frequency corresponding to the resonance point generated by the first resonating arm (e.g., the third resonance point of 8.3 GHz) may be reduced, which may extend the bandwidth of the antenna element. For example, the gap can reduce the frequency point corresponding to the third resonance point, so that the frequency difference between the third resonance point and the second resonance point is reduced, the reflection coefficient corresponding to the frequency band between the third resonance point and the second resonance point is reduced, and the bandwidth is expanded.

In some embodiments, the second resonant element may also include an opening, and the advantages may be referred to in the description of the embodiment of fig. 11, which is not repeated here.

Fig. 12 is a graph showing the reflection coefficient comparison of an antenna element including a slot (slot) and an antenna element without a slot. It can be seen that after the first resonating element 503 has been slotted, the third resonating point of the antenna element moves toward a lower frequency (from about 8.7GHz to 8.3 GHz), the second resonating point being closer to the third resonating point, increasing the operating bandwidth of the antenna element.

As shown in fig. 13, in some embodiments, the antenna unit further comprises a first additional element 513, wherein the first additional element 513 is electrically connected to the floor 501 by a third connection 511, and the direction in which the third connection 511 is arranged extends is a second direction (for example, x-direction).

By providing the first additional element 513, the first resonant element 503 and the first additional element 513 together may create at least one resonance point, extending the bandwidth of the antenna unit.

The first additional element 513 and the second resonant element 505 may have the same spacing from the ground plate in the first direction, respectively, which may improve the efficiency of the antenna unit.

As shown in fig. 14, in some embodiments, the first additional element 513 includes an opening therein, and description about the opening (including beneficial effects) may refer to description about the opening in the embodiment of fig. 11, which is not repeated herein.

Fig. 15 is another illustrative antenna element provided by an embodiment of the present application.

The difference from the embodiment of fig. 5 is that the first resonator arm is connected to the floor in a fourth position (e.g. edge 5033), the extension direction of the first resonator arm being in a second direction (e.g. x-direction).

In some embodiments, the first resonating arm may extend in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction) by a dimension that is greater than the dimension of the second resonating arm extending in a fourth direction (e.g., -the x-direction). In other embodiments, the dimension of the first resonant element along the third direction (e.g., y-direction) may also be greater than the dimension of the second resonant element along the third direction (e.g., y-direction). In some embodiments, the first resonating arm may extend in a second direction (e.g., the x-direction) less than the second resonating arm extends in a fourth direction (e.g., -the x-direction). In other embodiments, the dimension of the first resonant element along the third direction (e.g., y-direction) may also be smaller than the dimension of the second resonant element along the third direction (e.g., y-direction). The size of the first resonance arm is different from that of the second resonance arm, so that the constraint capacity of the resonance element to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the degree of pattern depression of the antenna unit is reduced.

Fig. 16 is a graph showing simulated reflection coefficients of the antenna element according to the embodiment of fig. 15. The antenna element generates a first resonance point in a first communication band and a second resonance point in a second communication band.

Fig. 17A-17B show the antenna element of the embodiment of fig. 15 resonating at a first resonance point and in two perpendicular planes (phi is 0 degrees and phi is 90 degrees). It can be seen that the two planar antenna patterns do not create a large depression in the main lobe.

Fig. 17C-17D illustrate a pattern in which the antenna element of fig. 16 resonates at a second resonance point and in two perpendicular planes (phi is 0 degrees and phi is 90 degrees). It can be seen that the two planar antenna patterns do not create a large depression in the main lobe.

In other embodiments, a slot may be formed on the resonating arm on the basis of the antenna unit described in the embodiment of fig. 15, and the foregoing may be cited for the beneficial effects of the slot, which are not described herein.

Fig. 18 shows an antenna element in other embodiments. The antenna unit described in the embodiment of fig. 15 is different from the antenna unit in that the distance between the first resonant element 503 and the floor 501 in the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, and/or the distance between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 in the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or the distance between the second resonant element 505 and the floor in the first direction (e.g. z direction) is smaller than 1mm. It is understood that the resonance wavelength refers to a wavelength corresponding to a smallest resonance point among resonance points of the first and second resonance elements.

In other embodiments, in the antenna unit described in any of the embodiments of fig. 5-14, the first resonant element 503 is spaced from the floor 501 by less than 0.02 resonant wavelength in the first direction, and/or the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 are spaced from the floor by less than 0.02 resonant wavelength in the first direction, or the second resonant element 505 is spaced from the floor by less than 1mm in the first direction (e.g., z-direction). It is understood that the resonance wavelength refers to a wavelength corresponding to a smallest resonance point among resonance points of the first and second resonance elements.

By setting the distance (or distance) between the first resonant element 503 and the floor 501 in the first direction to be smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, and/or the distance between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 in the first direction to be smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, the binding capability of the first resonant element 503 and/or the second resonant element 505 to the electromagnetic field can be enhanced, a large-range depression of the directional pattern in the main lobe can be avoided, and the height of the antenna unit in the first direction can be reduced, so that the antenna unit can be applied to an electronic device in a compact space, or the antenna unit can be used to constitute an array.

Fig. 19 shows an antenna element in other embodiments. The difference from the antenna unit in the embodiment of fig. 18 is that the first resonator element 503 may further comprise a second additional element 1901, wherein the second additional element is electrically connected to the first resonator arm via a first connection 507, the second additional element extends in a direction opposite to the first resonator arm, and the second additional element has the same height (distance h1 from the floor in the first direction) as the first resonator arm.

By providing the second additional element, the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna element can be improved.

Fig. 20 shows an antenna element in other embodiments. The difference from the antenna unit in the embodiment of fig. 19 is that the second resonator element 505 may further comprise a third additional element 2001, wherein the third additional element is electrically connected to the second resonator arm by a second connection 509, the third additional element extends in a direction opposite to the second resonator arm, and the third additional element may be at the same distance from the floor in the first direction as the second resonator arm.

The provision of the third additional element may improve the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna element at the first resonance point.

It will be appreciated that the antenna unit may also comprise both a second additional element and a third additional element, as shown in fig. 21. The advantageous effects of the second and third additional elements are not described here in detail.

In some embodiments, the second additional element may be sized such that the second additional element creates at least one resonance point.

Fig. 22 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the antenna element obtained by simulation. The antenna element comprises at least 3 resonance points.

In some embodiments, between the floor 501 and the first resonant element 503 is a first dielectric and between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 is a second dielectric, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric being different from the dielectric constant of the second dielectric. By arranging dielectrics with different dielectric constants, the binding capacity of the first resonant element or the second resonant element to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the problem of large-range recession of the antenna unit in the main lobe of the directional diagram can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 can comprise tunable devices, wherein the tunable devices can comprise at least one of capacitance, inductance, or resistance. By arranging the adjustable device, the current path between the first resonant element 503 and the second resonant element 505 can be adjusted, impedance matching can be performed, the binding capacity of the first resonant element 503 or the second resonant element 505 to an electromagnetic field can be improved, and the problem of large-range depression of the antenna unit pattern on the main lobe can be reduced.

In some embodiments, at least one of the first resonant element or the second resonant element is a peripheral rim of the electronic device, optionally the peripheral rim being a metal rim.

By taking the peripheral metal frame of the electronic equipment as a radiator, the space in the electronic equipment can be saved, and the shielding of the signal of the antenna unit by the rear cover or the display screen can be avoided due to the conformal shape of the metal frame.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship; in the formula, the character "/" indicates that the front and rear associated objects are a "division" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.

It will be appreciated that the various numerical numbers referred to in the embodiments of the present application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the sequence number of each process described above does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic of each process, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, or may be in electrical or other forms.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising:

a floor, a first resonant element, and a second resonant element disposed in a stack along a first direction, wherein the floor is disposed to ground;

the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a first connecting piece at a first position, and the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a second connecting piece at a second position and a third position of the second resonant element;

the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm extending from the first position to a second direction, and the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm extending from the third position to a third direction;

the first resonating arm has a first dimension along the second direction and the second resonating arm has a second dimension along the third direction, the first dimension being different from the second dimension;

the first resonant element producing a first resonance point in a first communication band and the second resonant element producing a second resonance point in a second communication band;

the second resonant element further comprises a feed point, wherein the feed point is for electrical connection with a feed source.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first communication band comprises 6.5GHz and the second communication band comprises 8GHz.

3. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the first connection is a via and the second connection is a via.

4. An antenna unit according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the first resonator element is a rectangular radiating element and the second resonator element is a rectangular radiating element, the first position being located at a first edge of the first resonator element and the second position being located at a second edge of the first resonator element, wherein the first edge and the second edge are adjacent.

5. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that a first dielectric is filled between the first resonator element and the floor, and that a second dielectric is filled before the second resonator element and the first resonator element, wherein the first dielectric is different from the second dielectric.

6. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising an adjustable device, a first end of the adjustable device being connected to the first resonant element and a second end of the adjustable device being connected to the second resonant element.

7. The antenna unit according to any of claims 4-7, wherein the first resonating element has a third dimension in the second direction, the third dimension being for creating a third resonating point, wherein the third resonating point is different from the second resonating point, wherein the third resonating point is different from the first resonating point.

8. The antenna unit of claim 7, wherein the first resonant element or the second resonant element comprises an opening.

9. An antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising:

the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a first connecting piece at a fourth position, and the first resonant element is electrically connected with the floor board through a second connecting piece at a second position and a third position of the second resonant element;

the first resonant element comprises a first resonant arm extending from the fourth position to a second direction, and the second resonant element comprises a second resonant arm extending from the third position to a direction opposite to the second direction;

The first resonant element is spaced from the second resonant element along the first direction by less than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or;

a spacing between the first resonant element and the floor in the first direction is less than 0.02 resonant wavelength, or;

the distance between the first resonant element and the second resonant element along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength, and the distance between the first resonant element and the floor along the first direction is smaller than 0.02 resonant wavelength;

the resonance wavelength is the resonance wavelength corresponding to the minimum frequency point in the resonance points of the first resonance element and the second resonance element, and the resonance points comprise the first resonance point and the second resonance point;

10. The antenna unit of claim 9, wherein a dimension of the first resonating arm in the second direction is different from a dimension of the second resonating arm in the second direction.

11. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-10, characterized in that the dimensions of the first resonating arm in the third direction are different from the dimensions of the second resonating arm in the third direction.

12. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-11, characterized in that the first resonator element further comprises a second additional element extending from the first position in a direction opposite to the first direction, the second additional element being electrically connected to the first resonator arm.

13. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-12, characterized in that the second resonator element further comprises a third additional element extending from the third position to the first direction, the third additional element being electrically connected to the second resonator arm.

14. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-13, wherein the first communication band comprises 6.5GHz and the second communication band comprises 8GHz.

15. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-14, wherein the first connection is a via and the second connection is a via.

16. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-15, characterized in that a first dielectric is filled between the first resonator element and the floor, and that a second dielectric is filled before the second resonator element and the first resonator element, wherein the first dielectric is different from the second dielectric.

17. The antenna unit according to any of claims 9-16, further comprising an adjustable device, a first end of the adjustable device being connected to the first resonant element and a second end of the adjustable device being connected to the second resonant element.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device further comprises an antenna unit according to any of claims 1-17.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device further comprises the antenna unit of any of claims 1-17, the electronic device comprising a metal bezel and a PCB, the first or second resonator element being a metal bezel, the floor being electrically connected to the PCB.

20. A radio transceiver device comprising a radio frequency transceiver and the antenna unit of any one of claims 1-17, the radio frequency transceiver and the antenna unit being coupled.