CN116182514A - Helium circulation drying device system and method suitable for spent fuel sealed container - Google Patents
Helium circulation drying device system and method suitable for spent fuel sealed container Download PDFInfo
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- CN116182514A CN116182514A CN202211567688.2A CN202211567688A CN116182514A CN 116182514 A CN116182514 A CN 116182514A CN 202211567688 A CN202211567688 A CN 202211567688A CN 116182514 A CN116182514 A CN 116182514A
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/16—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by contact with sorbent bodies, e.g. absorbent mould; by admixture with sorbent materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a helium circulation drying device system and a method suitable for a spent fuel sealing container, wherein the helium circulation drying device system comprises the spent fuel sealing container, a cooling device, a gas-liquid separation device, a drying device, a helium gas compression device and a heating device which are sequentially and circularly connected; the gas-liquid separation device is connected with the spent water pool. The helium circulation drying device system realizes helium closed circulation, does not waste helium and does not produce exhaust radioactive pollution; the helium circulation drying method is controlled by an automatic control system, manual intervention is not needed, helium backfilling can be directly carried out after the drying process is finished, so that the sealed container is in a dry storage state or a transfer state, and the drying cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power production, in particular to a helium circulation drying device system and method suitable for a spent fuel sealed container.
Background
In the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station in service at present, spent fuel discharged from the reactor still has radioactivity, and simultaneously releases a large amount of decay heat. The treatment mode of the spent fuel generally needs to be stored in a spent fuel pool of a fuel factory, and the spent fuel is transported to a post-treatment factory for treatment by a spent fuel storage and transportation container after the radioactivity and the waste heat are reduced to a certain degree. The operation of the nuclear power plant unit increases the refueling frequency, the spent fuel pool of the early nuclear power unit is close to full capacity, the demand of the spent fuel post-treatment market is urgent, and a large amount of spent fuel needs to be transported by a storage and transportation container.
During the transportation process, the spent fuel is stored in a sealed container for a long time, the storage environment is required to be a gas atmosphere of pure helium due to the specificity of the spent fuel, the partial pressure requirement on the water vapor in the environment is high, and the storage requirement of CAP series high-burnup spent fuel is taken as an example, and the partial pressure requirement on the water vapor in the storage environment is lower than 400Pa (corresponding to the dew point temperature of-5.05 ℃ under the normal pressure state).
When spent fuel is transferred from the spent fuel pool to the sealed container, air in the container is replaced by helium in a water filling, exhausting, inflating, draining and other modes, and a large amount of water remains in the container. Because the spent fuel also has larger decay heat, a great amount of water can cause severe pressure change in the container after evaporation, which is unfavorable for long-time storage of the spent fuel in the container, and in order to avoid the phenomenon, the container needs to be dried after the spent fuel is put into a sealed container.
CN210321089U discloses a hot air drying device for a pressure vessel, CN206131682U discloses an inflatable drying device for a spent fuel storage and transportation vessel, both of which adopt a method of blowing a closed vessel by compressed air or hot air to take away most of water in the vessel, and the method has a certain water removal capacity, but the upper limit is lower, and the requirement of the spent fuel sealing vessel on the water content cannot be met.
CN214796778U discloses a breakage detection device for a fuel assembly of a nuclear power plant, which comprises a closed container, an airtight detection device, a gas drying device and a gas detection device; a fuel assembly disposed in the closed container; the air tightness detection device is connected with the closed container through a first pipeline, and the air drying device is connected with the closed container through a second pipeline and a third pipeline respectively; the gas detection device is connected with the closed container through a fourth pipeline. The gas tightness of the closed container is checked by the gas tightness detection device, the gas in the closed container is dried by the gas drying device, and after the gas in the closed container is dried, whether the closed container contains Kr-85 nuclide or Ru-106 nuclide is detected, so that whether the fuel assembly is damaged or not and whether the fuel assembly is oxidized or not can be judged according to the radioactivity of the Kr-85 nuclide and the radioactivity of the Ru-106 nuclide, and the damage detection of the fuel assembly of the nuclear power station has higher precision, accuracy and comprehensiveness.
CN106482451U discloses a vacuum drying and helium filling device for a spent fuel storage and transportation container, a vacuum pump is used to pump the container to a certain vacuum degree, so that the moisture content in the container is considered to be insufficient to affect the storage of spent fuel, and finally helium with a certain pressure is filled in the container to enter a storage state.
However, the drying device has lower drying efficiency and higher drying cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the helium circulation drying device system and method for the spent fuel sealed container provided by the invention adopt helium closed circulation to realize dewatering and drying of the spent fuel sealed container, the whole drying process is simple to operate, friendly to various devices, high in automation control degree and high in drying efficiency, the drying process is free of any helium loss, the sealed container is continuously backfilled with helium after the drying is finished, and the sealed container can be directly transferred into a storage state, so that the drying cost is extremely low.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a helium circulation drying device system suitable for a spent fuel sealing container, which comprises the spent fuel sealing container, a cooling device, a gas-liquid separation device, a drying device, a helium gas compression device and a heating device which are sequentially and circularly connected; the gas-liquid separation device is connected with the spent water pool.
The arrangement of the cooling device, the gas-liquid separation device, the drying device, the helium gas compression device and the heating device, which are suitable for the spent fuel sealed container, is beneficial to the maximum exertion of the capacity of each device, and ensures extremely high drying capacity and drying efficiency; the helium circulation drying device system is a closed circulation drying system comprising a spent fuel sealing container, so that the effective utilization of helium is realized, the helium carrying nuclear radiation is not discharged, and the environment is not polluted; and after the drying process is finished, helium backfilling can be directly carried out, so that the spent fuel sealed container enters a dry storage state or a transportation state.
The spent fuel sealing container has certain temperature resistance and pressure resistance; the cooling device is designed according to the helium temperature at the outlet of the spent fuel sealed container, can adopt water-cooled, oil-cooled or air-cooled cooling modes and the like, and cools the high-temperature high-humidity helium at the outlet of the spent fuel sealed container through cooling heat exchange, so that the high-dew-point state is converted into a low-dew-point state; the helium gas compression device provides helium gas circulation power for the helium gas circulation drying system, and the helium gas is lifted from a low-pressure state of 2-3 bar to a high-pressure state of 7-9 bar; and the heating device heats the helium compressed by the helium compression device to a temperature higher than the dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the spent fuel sealing container, and the helium enters the spent fuel sealing container to be dried.
Preferably, a first dew point detection device, a first temperature sensing device and a first pressure sensing device are arranged between the spent fuel sealed container and the cooling device.
Preferably, a second temperature sensing device and a second dew point detection device are arranged between the gas-liquid separation device and the drying device.
Preferably, a first dust removing and filtering device and a gas storage device are sequentially arranged between the drying device and the helium gas compression device.
The first dust removing and filtering device provided by the invention has the function of filtering and removing dust carried by the second helium flowing out of the drying device, and preventing the dust from entering the helium circulating device and the spent fuel sealing container.
Preferably, the gas storage device is a pressure stabilizing gas tank providing a stabilized inlet pressure to the helium gas compression device.
Preferably, a third temperature sensing device, a third dew point detection device and a third pressure sensing device are further arranged between the drying device and the helium gas compression device.
Preferably, the drying device comprises an adsorption dryer.
Preferably, the adsorption dryer comprises at least two adsorption towers.
The adsorption tower is internally stored with a large amount of adsorbents, and the types of the adsorbents are not limited in detail, so long as the adsorbents can adsorb and remove moisture in helium.
According to the invention, the electric three-way valves are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the adsorption dryer, and the adsorption and regeneration functions of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower are automatically switched by flexibly controlling the states of the three-way valves. The three-way valve is used for controlling the flow direction of helium, the adsorption process and the regeneration process are carried out simultaneously, the flow direction of helium is opposite, the first helium after being cooled and dehydrated by the cooling device enters the adsorption dryer to be adsorbed and dried, and then the first helium is changed into second helium, and the second helium enters the helium compression device; helium for regenerating the adsorbent flows out of the heating device, enters the adsorption dryer through the flow regulating valve, regenerates the adsorbent with saturated adsorption, and enters the second dust removing and filtering device. The drying device realizes the drying of helium and the regeneration of the closed circulation of the adsorbent.
Preferably, the drying device is connected to the heating device through a first pipeline, and the helium gas flows from the heating device to the drying device.
Preferably, the first pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter and a flow regulating valve.
The flow regulating valve is used for regulating the flow of helium entering the adsorption tower which is saturated by adsorption in the drying device from the outlet of the heating device, and the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate are balanced by matching with the monitoring of the first flow meter.
Preferably, the drying device is connected with the cooling device through a second pipeline, and the flow direction of helium gas flows from the drying device to the cooling device.
Preferably, a second dust removing and filtering device is arranged on the second pipeline.
Preferably, a fourth pressure sensing device, a second flowmeter and a fourth temperature sensing device are arranged between the helium gas compression device and the heating device.
Preferably, a pressure reducing valve, a fifth pressure sensing device and a fifth temperature sensing device are arranged between the heating device and the spent fuel sealing container.
Preferably, the helium cycle drying apparatus system further comprises an automatic control system.
Preferably, the automatic control system comprises a PLC controller and a relay control switch.
The automatic control system monitors the operation parameters of the helium circulation drying device system, adjusts the working state of each device and controls the start and stop of each device; the automatic control system automatically controls each temperature sensing device, each pressure sensing device, each dew point detection device and the flow regulating valve, and the whole drying process is simple and convenient to operate, does not need personnel to intervene and is automatically completed.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a helium cycle drying method suitable for the spent fuel sealed container, and the helium cycle drying method is carried out by adopting the helium cycle drying device system suitable for the spent fuel sealed container in the first aspect.
Preferably, the helium cycle drying method comprises:
after the spent fuel sealed container is dried by helium, cooling and dewatering the spent fuel sealed container by a cooling device to obtain first helium; the first helium gas enters a drying device to be adsorbed and dried and then becomes second helium gas; the second helium gas sequentially enters a helium gas compression device and a heating device and becomes third helium gas; the third helium enters the spent fuel sealing container and becomes fourth helium, so that the spent fuel sealing container is circularly dried.
Before the spent fuel sealed container is dried by helium, the spent fuel sealed container is filled with water, exhausted, inflated and drained, and the internal air is replaced by helium.
Preferably, the helium cycle drying method further comprises controlling an adsorption process and a regeneration process of the drying device by an automatic control system.
Preferably, the control process of the automatic control system includes:
the method comprises the steps of calculating to obtain a moisture content difference value before and after a first helium gas enters a drying device through judging dew point temperature differences detected by a first dew point detection device, a second dew point detection device and a third dew point detection device, obtaining a drying rate of a helium circulation drying device system, and further calculating to obtain a third helium gas flow required by a regeneration process of the drying device; the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate of the drying device are balanced by adjusting the flow regulating valve.
The adsorption process and the regeneration process of the drying device in the helium circulation drying method suitable for the spent fuel sealed container are independently completed by the helium circulation drying device system, so that closed circulation regeneration is realized, other drying air sources and heating systems are not needed to be configured, and the problem of excessive cost caused by helium waste in the existing sealed container drying scheme is avoided. According to the automatic control system, along with the promotion of the drying process of the spent fuel sealed container, the set flow of the flow regulating valve is continuously regulated, so that the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate of the drying device are balanced, and the reduction of the drying efficiency of the spent fuel sealed container caused by mismatching of the two rates is avoided.
The dew point temperature of the first helium gas is preferably 45 ℃ or lower, and may be, for example, 45 ℃, 40 ℃, 35 ℃, 30 ℃, 20 ℃, 10 ℃ or the like, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are equally applicable.
The dew point temperature of the second helium gas is preferably-10 ℃ or lower, and may be, for example, -10 ℃, -15 ℃, -20 ℃, -25 ℃, -30 ℃ or-35 ℃, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
The dew point temperature of the third helium gas is the same as that of the second helium gas, and only the temperature and the pressure are improved. Preferably, the temperature of the fourth helium gas is higher than the dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the sealed container.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the helium circulation drying method comprises the following steps:
after the spent fuel sealed container is dried by helium, cooling and dewatering the spent fuel sealed container by a cooling device to obtain first helium with the dew point temperature below 45 ℃; the first helium gas enters a drying device to be adsorbed and dried and then becomes second helium gas with the dew point temperature below minus 10 ℃; the second helium gas sequentially enters a helium gas compression device and a heating device and becomes third helium gas; the third helium gas enters a spent fuel sealing container and becomes fourth helium gas with the temperature higher than the dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the sealing container, so that the circulating drying of the spent fuel sealing container is realized;
the helium circulation drying method also comprises the step of controlling the adsorption process and the regeneration process of the drying device through an automatic control system;
the control process of the automatic control system comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of calculating to obtain a moisture content difference value before and after a first helium gas enters a drying device through judging dew point temperature differences detected by a first dew point detection device, a second dew point detection device and a third dew point detection device, obtaining a drying rate of a helium circulation drying device system, and further calculating to obtain a third helium gas flow required by a regeneration process of the drying device; the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate of the drying device are balanced by adjusting the flow regulating valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The helium circulation drying device system suitable for the spent fuel sealed container provided by the invention realizes helium closed circulation without wasting helium and generating exhaust radioactive pollution on the premise of ensuring extremely high drying capacity and drying efficiency on the spent fuel sealed container;
(2) The helium circulation drying method suitable for the spent fuel sealed container is simple and convenient to operate, is controlled by an automatic control system, does not need human intervention, and can directly carry out helium backfill after the drying process is finished, so that the sealed container is in a dry storage state or a transportation state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a helium cycle drying apparatus system suitable for use with spent fuel containment vessels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of an automatic control system in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a first temperature sensor; 2-a first pressure sensor; 3-a first dew point meter; 4-a one-way valve; 5-a first two-way valve; 6-spent fuel sealing the container; 7-a fifth temperature sensor; 8-a fifth pressure sensor; 9-a second two-way valve; 10-a pressure reducing valve; 11-a first flow regulating valve; 12-a heater; 13-fourth temperature sensor; 14-a second flowmeter; 15-a fourth pressure sensor; a 16-compressor; 17-a third pressure sensor; 18-stabilizing a pressure gas tank; 19-a third dew point meter; 20-a third temperature sensor; 21-a first three-way valve; 22-a first dust removal filter; 23-a second three-way valve; 24-adsorption dryer; 25-a third three-way valve; 26-spent water pool; 27-a drain; 28-a gas-liquid separator; 29-a second temperature sensor; 30-a cooler; 31-a fourth three-way valve; 32-a second dust removal filter; 33-a first flowmeter; 34-a second dew point meter.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention necessarily includes the necessary piping, conventional valves and general pumping equipment for achieving the process integrity, but the foregoing is not a major inventive aspect of the present invention, and that the present invention is not particularly limited thereto as the layout may be added by themselves based on the process flow and the equipment configuration options.
As one embodiment of the invention, a helium circulation drying device system suitable for a spent fuel sealing container is provided, and the structure schematic diagram of the helium circulation drying device system is shown in figure 1.
The helium circulation drying device system comprises a spent fuel sealing container 6, a cooler 30, a gas-liquid separation device 28, an adsorption dryer 24, a compressor 16 and a heater 12 which are sequentially and circularly connected; the gas-liquid separation device 28 is connected with the spent water pool 26. A drainer 27 is also arranged between the gas-liquid separation device 28 and the spent water pool 26.
A first dew point meter 3, a first temperature sensor 1 and a first pressure sensor 2 are arranged between the spent fuel sealed container 6 and the cooler 30; a first two-way valve 5 and a one-way valve 4 are also arranged between the spent fuel sealed container 6 and the first dew-point meter 3;
a second temperature sensor 29 and a second dew point meter 34 are arranged between the gas-liquid separation device 28 and the adsorption dryer 24;
a first dust removing filter 22, a third temperature sensor 20, a third dew point meter 19, a pressure stabilizing gas tank 18 and a third pressure sensor 17 are sequentially arranged between the adsorption dryer 24 and the compressor 16.
The adsorption dryer 24 includes an adsorption dryer; the adsorption dryer comprises an adsorption tower A and an adsorption tower B.
The adsorption dryer 24 is connected with the spent fuel sealed container 6 through a first pipeline; the first pipe is provided with a first flowmeter 33 and a first flow regulating valve 11.
The adsorption dryer 24 is connected with a cooler 30 through a second pipeline; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A second dust filter 32 is provided on the second line.
A first three-way valve 21 is provided between the adsorption tower a, the adsorption tower B, and the first flowmeter 33. A second three-way valve 23 is arranged among the adsorption tower A, the adsorption tower B and the first dust removal filter 22. A third three-way valve 25 is arranged among the adsorption tower A, the adsorption tower B and the second dew point meter 34. A fourth three-way valve 31 is arranged among the adsorption tower A, the adsorption tower B and the second dust removal filter 32.
A fourth pressure sensor 15, a second flowmeter 14 and a fourth temperature sensor 13 are arranged between the compressor 16 and the heater 12.
A pressure reducing valve 10, a second two-way valve 9, a fifth pressure sensor 8 and a fifth temperature sensor 7 are arranged between the heater and the spent fuel sealed container.
The helium circulation drying device system also comprises an automatic control system; the automatic control system comprises a PLC controller and a relay control switch. The logical block diagram of the automatic control system is shown in fig. 2.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a helium cycle drying method suitable for a spent fuel sealed container, the helium cycle drying method being performed using the helium cycle drying apparatus system described above. The helium cycle drying method comprises the following steps:
after the spent fuel sealed container is dried by helium, cooling and dewatering the spent fuel sealed container in a cooler to obtain first helium with the dew point temperature below 45 ℃; the first helium gas enters an adsorption dryer 24 to be adsorbed and dried and then becomes second helium gas with the dew point temperature below minus 10 ℃; the second helium gas sequentially enters a compressor and a heater to become third helium gas; the third helium gas enters a spent fuel sealing container and becomes fourth helium gas with the temperature higher than the dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the sealing container, so that the circulating drying of the spent fuel sealing container is realized;
the helium circulation drying method also comprises the step of controlling the adsorption process and the regeneration process of the adsorption dryer through an automatic control system;
the control process of the automatic control system comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of calculating to obtain a moisture content difference value before and after a first helium gas enters an adsorption dryer through judging dew point temperature differences detected by a first dew point meter, a second dew point meter and a third dew point meter, obtaining a drying rate of a helium circulation drying device system, and further calculating to obtain a third helium gas flow required by a regeneration process of the adsorption dryer; the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate of the adsorption dryer are balanced by adjusting the flow regulating valve.
Specifically, the helium cycle drying method suitable for the spent fuel sealed container comprises the following steps of:
after the internal air is replaced by helium through water filling, air exhausting and air filling and draining of the spent fuel sealed container 6, a large amount of water still remains in the container, the first two-way valve 5 and the second two-way valve 9 are adjusted to be in an open state through a control system, the third three-way valve 25 is adjusted to be communicated with A-B, the second three-way valve 23 is adjusted to be communicated with A-C, the first three-way valve 21 is adjusted to be communicated with B-C, and the fourth three-way valve 31 is adjusted to be communicated with B-C; the first flow regulating valve 11 is regulated to 8%, the cooler 30 is started, then the compressor 16 is started, and after the indication of the second flowmeter 14 is stable, the heater 12 is started;
after the helium flows out of the spent fuel sealed container 6 and passes through the first dew point meter 3, the dew point temperature of the helium at the moment is recorded, and the water content in the helium at the moment can be displayed through an automatic control system; after helium gas flows into the cooler 30, the temperature is reduced to 35-45 ℃ to become first helium gas, at the moment, moisture higher than the normal temperature dew point is gradually condensed, after the helium gas flows into the gas-liquid separator 28, liquid water is discharged by the drainer 27, helium gas and uncondensed vapor flow into the adsorption tower A through the third three-way valve 25, and the first drying process is completed to become second helium gas; the second helium gas flows into the pressure stabilizing air tank 18 through the second three-way valve 23, the first dust removing filter 22 and the third dew point meter 19, the automatic control system can display the dew point temperature and the moisture content of the dried helium gas mixture, and after the pressure of the pressure stabilizing air tank 18 is stabilized, the second helium gas flows into the compressor 16 to lift the helium gas to a certain pressure so as to provide power for the circulation of the helium gas; helium gas flowing out of the compressor 16 flows into the heater 12 and is heated to a temperature higher than a dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the spent fuel sealed container in the container, and becomes third helium gas; the third helium flowing out of the heater 12 is divided into two parts, one part flows into the spent fuel sealing container 6 through the pressure reducing valve 10 and the second two-way valve 9 to become fourth helium, and water in the container is continuously carried out to complete the cycle; the other part flows into the adsorption tower B through the first flow regulating valve 11, the first flow meter 33 and the first three-way valve 21 to take out the moisture of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower B, and the dry helium is changed from high-temperature dry helium into high-temperature high-humidity helium to complete the regeneration process; after the helium gas flows out of the adsorption tower B, the helium gas is mixed with the high-temperature and high-humidity helium gas flowing out of the spent fuel sealing container 6 through the fourth three-way valve 31 and flows into the cooler 30.
In the helium cycle drying process of the spent fuel sealed container, the adsorption tower A is responsible for adsorption drying, the adsorption tower B is responsible for adsorbent regeneration, the moisture content difference between the first dew point meter 3 and the third dew point meter 19 is calculated, the moisture absorption content of the adsorption tower A is estimated, after the moisture absorption content reaches a set value, the automatic control system controls the third three-way valve 25, the second three-way valve 23, the fourth three-way valve 31 and the first three-way valve 21 to be switched to another valve state, and the adsorption tower A and the adsorption tower B finish drying and regeneration switching, so that a second complete drying cycle process is entered.
Under the regulation and control of an automatic control system, the spent fuel sealed container 6 is subjected to a plurality of rounds of drying circulation, and the changes of the helium dew point temperature and the moisture content of the first dew point meter 3 and the third dew point meter 19 are compared until the moisture content requirement of the spent fuel assembly in the spent fuel sealed container 6 during storage is met.
The helium circulation drying device system and method suitable for the spent fuel sealed container adopt helium closed circulation, so that helium is not wasted and exhaust radioactive pollution is not generated; the whole drying process is simple to operate, friendly to various devices, high in automation control degree and high in drying efficiency, the drying process is free of any helium loss, the sealed container is continuously filled with helium after the drying is finished, the sealed container can be directly transferred into a storage state, and the drying cost is extremely low, so that the sealed container is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
The applicant states that the detailed structural features of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The helium circulation drying device system suitable for the spent fuel sealing container is characterized by comprising the spent fuel sealing container, a cooling device, a gas-liquid separation device, a drying device, a helium gas compression device and a heating device which are sequentially and circularly connected; the gas-liquid separation device is connected with the spent water pool.
2. The helium cycle drying apparatus system according to claim 1, wherein a first dew point detection device, a first temperature sensing device and a first pressure sensing device are arranged between the spent fuel sealed container and the cooling device;
preferably, a second temperature sensing device and a second dew point detection device are arranged between the gas-liquid separation device and the drying device;
preferably, a first dust removing and filtering device and a gas storage device are sequentially arranged between the drying device and the helium gas compression device;
preferably, a third temperature sensing device, a third dew point detection device and a third pressure sensing device are further arranged between the drying device and the helium gas compression device.
3. Helium cycle drying apparatus system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drying apparatus comprises an adsorption dryer;
preferably, the adsorption dryer comprises at least two adsorption towers;
preferably, the drying device is connected with the heating device through a first pipeline;
preferably, the first pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter and a flow regulating valve.
4. A helium cycle drying apparatus system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drying apparatus is connected to a cooling apparatus by a second line;
preferably, a second dust removing and filtering device is arranged on the second pipeline.
5. Helium cycle drying apparatus system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein a fourth pressure sensing device, a second flowmeter and a fourth temperature sensing device are arranged between the helium gas compression device and the heating device;
preferably, a pressure reducing valve, a fifth pressure sensing device and a fifth temperature sensing device are arranged between the heating device and the spent fuel sealing container.
6. Helium cycle drying apparatus system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an automatic control system;
preferably, the automatic control system comprises a PLC controller and a relay control switch.
7. A helium cycle drying method suitable for a spent fuel sealed container, which is characterized in that the helium cycle drying method is carried out by adopting the helium cycle drying device system suitable for the spent fuel sealed container according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The helium cycle drying method according to claim 7, characterized in that the helium cycle drying method comprises:
after the spent fuel sealed container is dried by helium, cooling and dewatering the spent fuel sealed container by a cooling device to obtain first helium; the first helium gas enters a drying device to be adsorbed and dried and then becomes second helium gas; the second helium gas sequentially enters a helium gas compression device and a heating device and becomes third helium gas; the third helium enters the spent fuel sealing container and becomes fourth helium, so that the spent fuel sealing container is circularly dried.
9. The helium cycle drying method according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising controlling an adsorption process and a regeneration process of the drying device by an automatic control system;
preferably, the control process of the automatic control system includes:
the method comprises the steps of calculating to obtain a moisture content difference value before and after a first helium gas enters a drying device through judging dew point temperature differences detected by a first dew point detection device, a second dew point detection device and a third dew point detection device, obtaining a drying rate of a helium circulation drying device system, and further calculating to obtain a third helium gas flow required by a regeneration process of the drying device; the adsorption rate and the regeneration rate of the drying device are balanced by adjusting the flow regulating valve.
10. The helium cycle drying method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the dew point temperature of the first helium gas is 45 ℃ or lower;
preferably, the dew point temperature of the second helium gas is-10 ℃ or less;
preferably, the temperature of the fourth helium gas is higher than the dew point temperature corresponding to the maximum moisture content in the spent fuel sealed container.
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