CN116125730B - A full-sky multi-band imaging optical system based on near-space aerostat platform observation - Google Patents
A full-sky multi-band imaging optical system based on near-space aerostat platform observation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116125730B CN116125730B CN202310060153.4A CN202310060153A CN116125730B CN 116125730 B CN116125730 B CN 116125730B CN 202310060153 A CN202310060153 A CN 202310060153A CN 116125730 B CN116125730 B CN 116125730B
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
- G03B11/04—Hoods or caps for eliminating unwanted light from lenses, viewfinders or focusing aids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/007—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B9/00—Exposure-making shutters; Diaphragms
- G03B9/02—Diaphragms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full sky multiband imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation, wherein a shading ball cover is arranged at the forefront end of the optical system, and direct light of an interference light source outside an annular view field area is isolated through the shielding designed at the center and the edge part of the shading ball cover; the wide-angle objective lens group is used for imaging a target once; the annular view field diaphragm is arranged on an image plane of the wide-angle objective lens group for one-time imaging and is provided with an annular clear aperture; the optical filter set is positioned between the annular view field diaphragm and the secondary imaging lens set; the secondary imaging lens group is positioned behind the optical filter group; the CCD detector is positioned at the outer side of the secondary imaging lens group, and light passing through the annular view field diaphragm is filtered by the optical filter set and then imaged on the CCD detector again by the secondary imaging lens group. The optical system adopts the annular view field diaphragm and the shading ball cover to effectively block the aerostat ball from entering the view field, reduce stray light interference in the optical system and improve imaging quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of imaging optical systems, in particular to an all-sky multi-band imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation.
Background
The near space aerostat is a typical high-altitude flight platform, the flight height is 20-50km, and the aerostat is the only carrying platform capable of flying in near space for a long time at present. Compared with ground observation, the observation system based on the platform has the advantages that the height reaches the upper part of dense atmosphere, and the observation system has no weather phenomena such as cloud, fog, rain, snow and the like, and is favorable for carrying out all-weather optical observation on a space target; compared with space-based observation, the cost of the observation system based on the near space aerostat platform is greatly reduced, the preparation period is shorter, the load is recoverable, and the technology verification and the rapid iteration of the novel scientific instrument are facilitated. Therefore, full-sky multi-band imaging loads based on near-space aerostat platforms have long been applied by the world astronomy to conduct space astronomical and space physics detection experiments.
The full-sky multiband imaging load is mainly used for observing targets (such as airglow radiation) in different wave bands of the full sky, and further research on the coupling property of middle and high-rise atmosphere, the transmission characteristic of atmospheric gravitational waves and the like is carried out. The whole-sky multiband imaging optical system is an important component, and as a detection object is usually a weak light radiation target, the optical system is required to collect enough light radiation energy to send into a detector for imaging. In the near space aerostat platform observation mode, because the aerostat sphere material in the zenith direction of the instrument has higher scattering rate, when the aerostat sphere material is illuminated by a natural light source, a high-intensity stray light source can be formed. When the optical system collects the weak light radiation target, stray light also correspondingly enters the optical system, the longer the exposure time of the instrument is, the larger the interference of the stray light on the weak light radiation target is, and even the instrument can not effectively acquire the observation information of the observation target.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an all-sky multiband imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation, which adopts an annular view field diaphragm and a light shielding ball cover to effectively block aerostat balls from entering a view field, reduce stray light interference in the optical system and improve imaging quality.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
An all-sky multiband imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation, the optical system includes light shielding ball cover, wide angle objective group, annular view field diaphragm, light filter group, secondary imaging lens group, CCD detector, wherein:
The shading ball cover is arranged at the forefront end of the optical system, and direct light interfering with a light source outside an annular view field area is isolated through the shielding designed at the center and the edge part of the shading ball cover, so that the interference of stray light inside the optical system is reduced;
The wide-angle objective lens group is used for imaging a target once;
The annular view field diaphragm is arranged on the image plane of the wide-angle objective lens group for one-time imaging and is provided with an annular clear aperture for blocking light rays in the center and edge areas of the view field;
The optical filter set is positioned between the annular view field diaphragm and the secondary imaging lens set, comprises three narrow-band optical filters and one wide-band optical filter, and is arranged in an optical filter wheel, and the optical filter wheel is used for switching the optical filters so as to realize the imaging of the optical system on different wave bands;
the secondary imaging lens group is positioned behind the optical filter group and is matched with the pupil of the wide-angle objective lens group by adopting an object space telecentric design;
The CCD detector is positioned at the outer side of the secondary imaging lens group, and light passing through the annular view field diaphragm is subjected to filtering treatment by the optical filter set, and then is imaged on the CCD detector again by the secondary imaging lens group.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the annular view field diaphragm and the light shielding ball cover are adopted in the optical system to effectively block the aerostat ball body from entering the view field, so that stray light interference in the optical system is reduced, and imaging quality is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-sky multiband imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding ball cover 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-angle objective lens group 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the annular field stop 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an optical path of the secondary imaging lens set 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a near space aerostat observation platform in an example of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments of the present invention, and this is not limiting to the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" or other similar referents are to be construed to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example: including a particular feature (e.g., a starting material, component, ingredient, carrier, formulation, material, dimension, part, means, mechanism, apparatus, step, procedure, method, reaction condition, processing condition, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product or article of manufacture, etc.), should be construed as including not only a particular feature but also other features known in the art that are not explicitly recited.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-sky multiband imaging optical system based on near space aerostat platform observation, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, wherein the optical system comprises a light shielding spherical cap 1, a wide-angle objective lens group 2, an annular view field diaphragm 3, an optical filter group 4, a secondary imaging lens group 5 and a CCD detector 6, wherein:
The shading ball cover 1 is arranged at the forefront end of the optical system, and direct light of an interference light source outside an annular view field area is isolated through the shielding designed at the center and the edge part of the spherical cover of the shading ball cover 1, so that the interference of stray light inside the optical system is reduced;
the wide-angle objective lens group 2 is used for imaging a target once;
the annular view field diaphragm 3 is arranged on the image plane of the wide-angle objective lens group 2 for one-time imaging, and is provided with an annular clear aperture for blocking the light rays in the center and edge areas of the view field;
The optical filter set 4 is positioned between the annular view field diaphragm 3 and the secondary imaging lens set 5, comprises three narrow-band optical filters (2 nm bandwidth) and one wide-band optical filter (720 nm-910nm wavelength range), and is arranged in an optical filter wheel, and the optical filter wheel is used for switching optical filters to realize imaging of the optical system on different wave bands;
the secondary imaging lens group 5 is positioned behind the optical filter group 4 and is matched with the pupil of the wide-angle objective lens group 2 by adopting an object space telecentric design;
the CCD detector 6 is positioned at the outer side of the secondary imaging lens group 5, and the light passing through the annular field diaphragm 3 is filtered by the optical filter group 4 and then imaged on the CCD detector 6 again by the secondary imaging lens group 5.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding ball cover 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the light shielding ball cover 1 is formed by adding a central baffle 12 and an edge baffle 14 to an outer surface of a glass ball cover 11;
The center of the glass spherical cover 11 coincides with the entrance pupil position 13 of the optical system, so that the influence on the imaging process is reduced, and the image surface is vignetting due to the shielding of the central baffle 12 and the edge baffles 14; taking fig. 2 as an example, after the direct light beams with different angles of view reach the glass spherical cover 11, the solid light beams completely penetrate through the glass spherical cover 11, and correspond to the limit positions of the field of view without vignetting; the dashed beam edge rays are totally blocked by the edge dams 14; the dashed beam in the middle region will have some light passing through the glass bulb shield 11 to the image plane, forming a vignetting zone, the size of which is limited mainly by the size of the glass bulb shield 11, inversely proportional to the radius of the glass bulb shield 11.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-angle objective lens group 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the wide-angle objective lens group 2 is telecentric in image space, and the incidence angle of each point light cone on the image plane is constant and matches with the allowable incidence angle of the optical filter group 4;
the wide-angle objective lens group 2 comprises 9 lenses, one of which is an aspheric lens 22; the shutter 21 is placed between the fourth and fifth lenses.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of the annular field diaphragm 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the annular field diaphragm 3 uses a K9 glass plate as a base material, the front surface coincides with the primary image plane of the optical system, and the black vanish coated on the surface completely blocks the imaging beam in a part of the field area;
in a specific implementation, the central blocking radius R3 and the edge inner diameter R4 of the annular field stop 3 are obtained by the effective field of view of the optical system and the design result of the wide-angle objective lens group 2;
The effective field of view of the optical system is divided into an outer ring field of view and an inner ring field of view (central shielding field of view), the outer ring field of view being determined by the field angle of view of the wide-angle objective lens group 2, being the maximum field angle index of the optical system; the inner ring field of view is determined by the ratio of the radius of the aerostat sphere to the sum of the length of the lifting rope and the radius of the aerostat sphere.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a secondary imaging lens set 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a first plate is an annular field stop 3, a second plate is an optical filter set 4, and a last plate is a window glass of a CCD detector 6;
the secondary imaging lens group 5 comprises 9 lenses and uses one even aspherical mirror 53;
the magnification of the secondary imaging lens group 5 is smaller than 1, so that the relative aperture is increased, and the energy collection efficiency is improved.
The implementation process of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below by a specific example, as shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an observation platform of an aerostat in the near space in the example of the present invention, in which the F number of the optical system is 1.2, the angle of view (outer ring angle of view) is 120 °, and the four circular filters have diameters of 60mm, three of which are narrow-band interference filters, the wavelength bands are 557.7nm, 630nm, 589.3nm, and the bandwidth is 2nm; a broad band in the range 720nm-910nm. As shown in fig. 6, the central shielding angle (inner ring angle) was determined to be 30 ° by the maximum diameter of the aerostat sphere 50m and the length of the hoist rope 100 m.
Table 1 below shows examples of parameters of the light shielding ball cover and the annular field stop used in the present embodiment, so that no vignetting can be achieved within the effective annular field of the optical system, and vignetting areas on two sides are within 4 °.
Table 1 mask and annular field stop detail parameter examples
It is noted that the details not described in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, for example, annular field stops and light-shielding ball covers with different sizes, CCD detectors with different models, filter sets with different sizes and numbers, etc. are selected, and these modifications and changes do not depart from the essential scope of the present invention.
In summary, the system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises two stages of diaphragms, and an annular view field diaphragm is designed at the position of the primary image surface of the optical system to obtain an environment field without vignetting, so that an aerostat sphere is effectively prevented from entering a view field; the front end of the optical system is provided with a shading ball cover, so that light rays from an object point outside the surrounding view field area to direct the pupil are blocked, and the stray light interference in the optical system is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background section herein is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not to be taken as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
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CN109343201A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | The low distortion wide-angle long wave uncooled ir optical system of PASSIVE OPTICAL athermal |
CN111061063A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-04-24 | 长春理工大学 | Pupil filter far-field super-resolution imaging system and pupil filter design method |
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EP1927876A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-06-04 | MEKRA Lang GmbH & Co. KG | Wide-angle objective lens system and camera |
US10353173B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2019-07-16 | 6115187 Canada, Inc. | Miniature wide-angle imaging lens |
CN115128799B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2023-04-25 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Multi-aperture single-detector optical imaging system |
CN111290103B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-11-23 | 北京华北莱茵光电技术有限公司 | Large-area-array medium-wave infrared double-view-field optical system |
CN114624896B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-06-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Long-focus double-view-field television/short-wave infrared common-path optical system |
CN115373140A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-22 | 北京波谱华光科技有限公司 | Optical system and thermal infrared imager |
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CN109343201A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | The low distortion wide-angle long wave uncooled ir optical system of PASSIVE OPTICAL athermal |
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