CN116080390A

CN116080390A - Multi-gear electric drive system and vehicle with same

Info

Publication number: CN116080390A
Application number: CN202310311898.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马宁
Original assignee: FAW Group Corp
Current assignee: FAW Group Corp
Priority date: 2023-03-27
Filing date: 2023-03-27
Publication date: 2023-05-09

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-gear electric drive system and a vehicle with the same, wherein the multi-gear electric drive system comprises: the input shaft is axially and rotatably arranged on the shell; the planetary row is connected with the driving motor and provided with a fixing piece which is kept relatively static with the shell and a plurality of transmission pieces which rotate relative to the shell; the sliding part is sleeved on the input shaft in an axially sliding way, and is provided with a first position connected with one of the transmission parts and a second position connected with one of the other transmission parts, and the planetary row transmits power to the input shaft through the sliding part; the output shaft is connected with the input shaft through the transmission assembly. In the invention, the planetary gear is utilized to realize multi-gear output of the output shaft, compared with a single-gear speed reducer, the driving motor can work in a high-efficiency interval, the energy consumption of the driving motor is reduced, the development difficulty of the driving motor is reduced, and the economical performance of the whole vehicle is improved.

Description

Multi-gear electric drive system and vehicle with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile driving, in particular to a multi-gear electric driving system and a vehicle with the same.

Background

Compared with the traditional fuel oil vehicle, the electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission and low noise. With the development of electric vehicles, the requirements of the market on the endurance mileage and the power performance of the electric vehicles are increasingly improved, so that the performance of the batteries is not only required to be improved, but also the electric vehicles can be supported to meet the market requirements after the efficiency and the power density of the electric drive system are improved.

The speed reducing mechanism is used as an important component in an electric drive system and is generally of a single-gear parallel shaft type, and is divided into an input end, a middle end and an output end, and is transmitted by two-stage single-speed gears, so that the single-gear speed reducer can obtain relatively direct acceleration performance and extremely smooth and continuous acceleration feeling, but the energy consumption can be increased obviously during high-speed running.

In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a multi-gear electric drive system and a vehicle with the same, so as to solve the technical problem of high energy consumption of a single-gear speed reducer during high-speed running.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-stage electro-drive system including: the input shaft is axially and rotatably arranged on the shell; the planetary row is connected with the driving motor and provided with a fixing piece which is kept relatively static with the shell and a plurality of transmission pieces which rotate relative to the shell; the sliding part is sleeved on the input shaft in an axially sliding way, and is provided with a first position connected with one of the transmission parts and a second position connected with one of the other transmission parts, and the planetary row transmits power to the input shaft through the sliding part; the output shaft is connected with the input shaft through the transmission assembly.

Further, the planetary row includes: the planetary gear comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring, wherein the gear ring is fixed on a shell, the sun gear is rotatably sleeved on an input shaft, the sun gear is connected with a driving motor, a sliding piece positioned at a first position is connected with the sun gear, and a sliding piece positioned at a second position is connected with the planet carrier.

Further, the sliding piece is a tooth sleeve, the sliding piece is connected with the input shaft through a spline, meshing teeth are arranged on the outer wall of one end, close to the driving motor, of the sliding piece, and the sliding piece is in meshing connection with the sun gear and the planet carrier through the meshing teeth.

Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and the intermediate shaft is respectively connected with the input shaft and the output shaft through the transmission assembly.

Further, the transmission assembly includes: the first driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the input shaft; the first driven gear is sleeved on the intermediate shaft and meshed with the first driving gear; the second driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft; the second driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft and meshed with the second driving gear.

Further, the transmission assembly includes: the first driving gears are at least two, and the at least two first driving gears are rotatably sleeved on the input shaft; the first driven gears are sleeved on the intermediate shaft and are meshed with the first driving gears in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the synchronizer is connected with the input shaft and is connected with the first driving gear through a shifting fork; the second driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft; the second driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft and meshed with the second driving gear.

Further, the second driving gear is integrally formed on the intermediate shaft, and/or the second driven gear is integrally formed on the output shaft.

Further, a differential is integrated on the input shaft, and a second driven gear is integrated on the differential.

Further, the sun gear has an axially extending support portion connected to the housing by a first bearing, and an end of the input shaft remote from the sun gear is connected to the housing by a second bearing.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided that includes a multi-gear electric drive system, which is the multi-gear electric drive system described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the driving motor is connected with the planetary row, the input shaft is selectively connected with the transmission part on the planetary row through the sliding part, and the input shaft is connected with the output shaft through the transmission assembly, so that the output of multiple gears of the output shaft is realized. The planetary gear train is utilized to realize multi-gear output of the output shaft, compared with a single-gear speed reducer, the driving motor can work in a high-efficiency interval, the energy consumption of the driving motor is reduced, the development difficulty of the driving motor is reduced, and the economical performance of the whole vehicle is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a multi-stage electro-drive system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the slider and the sun gear in combination in the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the positional relationship of the slider combined with the carrier in the present invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. an input shaft;

20. a sun gear; 21. a planet wheel; 22. a planet carrier; 23. a gear ring;

30. a slider;

40. an output shaft; 41. a differential;

50. an intermediate shaft;

60. a first gear driving gear; 61. a first-gear driven gear; 62. a second gear driving gear; 63. a second-gear driven gear;

70. a second drive gear; 71. a second driven gear;

80. a first bearing; 81. a second bearing; 82. a third bearing; 83. a fourth bearing; 84. a fifth bearing; 85. a sixth bearing; 86. a seventh bearing;

90. and a synchronizer.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, that in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and that identical reference numerals are used to designate identical devices, and thus descriptions thereof will be omitted.

As shown in connection with fig. 1-3, a multi-stage electro-drive system is provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Specifically, the multi-stage electro-drive system includes: an input shaft 10, a planetary row, a slide 30 and an output shaft 40. The input shaft 10 is axially rotatably arranged on the housing, the planetary rows are connected with the drive motor, the planetary rows are provided with fixing parts which are kept relatively stationary with respect to the housing, and a plurality of transmission parts which rotate with respect to the housing, the sliding parts 30 are axially slidably sleeved on the input shaft 10, the sliding parts 30 are provided with a first position connected with one of the transmission parts and a second position connected with one of the other transmission parts, the planetary rows transmit power to the input shaft 10 through the sliding parts 30, and the output shaft 40 is connected with the input shaft 10 through a transmission assembly.

In the embodiment of the present application, the driving motor is connected with the planetary row, the input shaft 10 is selectively connected with the transmission member on the planetary row through the sliding member 30, and the input shaft 10 is connected with the output shaft 40 through the transmission assembly, so as to realize the multi-gear output of the output shaft 40. The planetary gear train is utilized to realize multi-gear output of the output shaft 40, compared with a single-gear speed reducer, the driving motor can work in a high-efficiency interval, so that the energy consumption of the driving motor is reduced, the development difficulty of the driving motor is reduced, and the economical performance of the whole vehicle is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the planetary row includes: the sun gear 20, the planet gears 21, the planet carrier 22 and the gear ring 23 are fixed on a shell, the sun gear 20 is rotatably sleeved on the input shaft 10, the sun gear 20 is connected with a driving motor, the sliding piece 30 at a first position is connected with the sun gear 20, and the sliding piece 30 at a second position is connected with the planet carrier 22. The gear ring 23 is fixed, the sun gear 20 is positioned at the center of the planetary row, the sun gear 20 is connected with the driving motor, the sun gear 20 is coaxially arranged with the input shaft 10, namely, the input end and the output end of the planetary row are coaxial, the difficulty of structural arrangement is reduced, the radial arrangement size is reduced, and the structure of the electric drive system is more compact.

The slider 30 located at the first position is connected to the sun gear 20, and power is sequentially transmitted through the sun gear 20, the slider 30, and the input shaft 10, and the transmission ratio i11=1 is high. The sliding part 30 at the second position is connected with the planet carrier 22, and power is sequentially transmitted through the sun gear 20, the planet gears 21, the planet carrier 22, the sliding part 30 and the input shaft 10, and the transmission ratio i12 is less than 1. The high-speed gear of the planet row is a direct gear, so that the design requirements of parameters such as gears, splines and the like can be reduced.

The sliding part 30 is a tooth sleeve, the sliding part 30 is connected with the input shaft 10 through a spline, meshing teeth are arranged on the outer wall of one end, close to the driving motor, of the sliding part 30, and the sliding part 30 is in meshing connection with the sun gear 20 and the planet carrier 22 through the meshing teeth. Specifically, a through stepped hole is formed in the center of the sun gear 20, the stepped hole includes a first hole section and a second hole section, the aperture of the first hole section is larger than that of the second hole section, the input shaft 10 extends into the second hole section through the first hole section, and the input shaft 10 is connected with the second hole Duan Zhuaidong through a seventh bearing 86. The center of the planet carrier 22 is provided with an avoidance hole, the aperture of the avoidance hole is equal to that of the first hole section of the sun gear 20, and the hole walls of the avoidance hole and the first hole section are provided with meshing teeth, namely, the sliding part 30 is meshed with the hole walls of the avoidance hole and the first hole section through the meshing teeth.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present application, the multi-stage electro-drive system further comprises: the intermediate shaft 50, the intermediate shaft 50 is connected with the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 40, respectively, through transmission assemblies. The intermediate shaft 50 is arranged to realize multi-stage transmission of the transmission assembly, so that the transmission assembly is prevented from being oversized.

Further, the transmission assembly includes: a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a second driving gear 70 and a second driven gear 71. The first driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 10, the first driven gear is sleeved on the intermediate shaft 50, the first driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear, the second driving gear 70 is fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft 50, the second driven gear 71 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft 40, and the second driven gear 71 is meshed with the second driving gear 70. Compared with the direct transmission of the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 40 through a group of gear pairs, a group of gear pairs for transition are additionally arranged, so that the multistage transmission of the gear pairs is realized, and the phenomenon of unstable transmission caused by overlarge size phase difference between a driving gear and a driven gear in the gear pairs is avoided.

As an alternative embodiment, the transmission assembly comprises: a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a synchronizer 90, a second driving gear 70, and a second driven gear 71. The first driving gears are at least two, the at least two first driving gears are rotatably sleeved on the input shaft 10, the at least two first driven gears are sleeved on the intermediate shaft 50, the first driven gears are meshed with the first driving gears in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the synchronizer 90 is connected with the input shaft 10, the synchronizer 90 is connected with the first driving gears through a shifting fork, the second driving gears 70 are fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft 50, the second driven gears 71 are fixedly sleeved on the output shaft 40, and the second driven gears 71 are meshed with the second driving gears 70. The first driving gear is sleeved on the input shaft 10, that is, the input shaft 10 can rotate freely relative to the first driving gear, and when the fork of the synchronizer 90 is combined with the first driving gear, the first driving gear rotates synchronously with the input shaft 10.

As shown in fig. 1, for illustration, the first driving gears are two, namely a first gear driving gear 60 and a second gear driving gear 62, the first driven gears are two, namely a first gear driven gear 61 and a second gear driven gear 63, so as to form two groups of parallel gear pairs, the gear ratios of the two groups of gear pairs are different, the gear ratio of the first gear pair is i21, and the gear ratio of the second gear pair is i22, wherein i21 is less than i22. The synchronizer 90 is disposed between the first gear driving gear 60 and the second gear driving gear 62, and the shifting fork is moved to realize the switching between the two gear pairs, i.e. the switching of different transmission ratios. In addition, the gear ratio of the gear pair composed of the second driven gear 71 and the second driving gear 70 is i3.

In summary, the combination of the planetary rows and the transmission assembly is combined into a multi-gear transmission mechanism, specifically: a first gear at low speed, a second gear at low speed, a first gear at high speed and a second gear at high speed, wherein the transmission ratio of the first gear at low speed is i12×i21×i3, the transmission ratio of the second gear at low speed is i12×i22×i3, the transmission ratio of the first gear at high speed is i11×i21×i3, and the transmission ratio of the second gear at high speed is i11×i22×i3.

Further, the second driving gear 70 is integrally formed on the intermediate shaft 50, and/or the second driven gear 71 is integrally formed with the output shaft 40. The second driving gear 70 rotates synchronously with the intermediate shaft 50, and the second driven gear 71 rotates synchronously with the output shaft 40, and in order to avoid axial play between the two in synchronous rotation, an integrated design may be performed.

Further, the input shaft 10 is integrated with the differential 41, and the second driven gear 71 is integrated with the differential 41. The integrated design makes the whole structure of the electric drive system more compact.

In order to ensure parallelism of the input shaft 10, the intermediate shaft 50 and the output shaft 40, all three are required to be rotatably supported, which is described in detail as follows: the sun gear 20 has an axially extending support portion which is connected to the housing by a first bearing 80, and one end of the input shaft 10 remote from the sun gear 20 is connected to the housing by a second bearing 81. Wherein the second aperture Duan Sheyu of the sun gear 20 is centered on the support. The two shaft ends of the intermediate shaft 50 are connected to the housing through a third bearing 82 and a fourth bearing 83, respectively, and the two shaft ends of the output shaft 40 are connected to the housing through a fifth bearing 84 and a sixth bearing 85, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle is provided that includes a multi-gear electric drive system, which is the multi-gear electric drive system of the above embodiment. Wherein, driving motor is connected with the planet row in the multi-gear electric drive system, and input shaft 10 is selectively connected with the transmission piece on the planet row through slider 30, and input shaft 10 is connected with output shaft 40 through the transmission subassembly, realizes the output of the multi-gear of output shaft 40. The planetary gear train is utilized to realize multi-gear output of the output shaft 40, compared with a single-gear speed reducer, the driving motor can work in a high-efficiency interval, so that the energy consumption of the driving motor is reduced, the development difficulty of the driving motor is reduced, and the economical performance of the whole vehicle is improved.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition to the foregoing, references in the specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described in general terms in the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic be implemented within the scope of the invention.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage electro-drive system, comprising:

an input shaft (10), wherein the input shaft (10) is axially rotatably arranged on the shell;

a planetary row connected to the drive motor, the planetary row having a stationary member that remains relatively stationary with the housing and having a plurality of drive members that rotate relative to the housing;

a sliding member (30), wherein the sliding member (30) is sleeved on the input shaft (10) in an axially sliding manner, the sliding member (30) is provided with a first position connected with one of the transmission members and a second position connected with one of the other transmission members, and the planetary row transmits power to the input shaft (10) through the sliding member (30);

an output shaft (40), the output shaft (40) being connected to the input shaft (10) by a transmission assembly.

2. The multi-speed electric drive system of claim 1, wherein the planetary row comprises: sun gear (20), planet wheel (21), planet carrier (22) and ring gear (23), ring gear (23) are fixed on the casing, sun gear (20) rotationally overlaps to establish on input shaft (10), sun gear (20) with driving motor connects, is located slider (30) of first position with sun gear (20) are connected, are located slider (30) of second position with planet carrier (22) are connected.

3. The multi-gear electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that the sliding part (30) is a tooth sleeve, the sliding part (30) is connected with the input shaft (10) through a spline, meshing teeth are arranged on the outer wall of the sliding part (30) close to one end of the driving motor, and the sliding part (30) is in meshing connection with the sun gear (20) and the planet carrier (22) through the meshing teeth.

4. The multi-stage electro-drive system of claim 1, further comprising:

and the intermediate shaft (50) is connected with the input shaft (10) and the output shaft (40) through the transmission assembly.

5. The multi-speed electric drive system of claim 4, wherein the transmission assembly comprises:

the first driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the input shaft (10);

the first driven gear is sleeved on the intermediate shaft (50), and is meshed with the first driving gear;

the second driving gear (70) is fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft (50);

the second driven gear (71), the fixed cover of second driven gear (71) is established on output shaft (40), second driven gear (71) with second driving gear (70) meshing.

6. The multi-speed electric drive system of claim 4, wherein the transmission assembly comprises:

the first driving gears are at least two, and the at least two first driving gears are rotatably sleeved on the input shaft (10);

the first driven gears are at least two, are sleeved on the intermediate shaft (50), and are meshed with the first driving gears in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

a synchronizer (90), wherein the synchronizer (90) is connected with the input shaft (10), and the synchronizer (90) is connected with the first driving gear through a shifting fork;

the second driving gear (70) is fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft (50);

7. A multi-speed electric drive system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the second driving gear (70) is integrally formed on the intermediate shaft (50) and/or the second driven gear (71) is integrally formed with the output shaft (40).

8. A multi-speed electric drive system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a differential (41) is integrated on the input shaft (10), the second driven gear (71) being integrated on the differential (41).

9. The multi-speed electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that the sun gear (20) has an axially extending support, which is connected to the housing by means of a first bearing (80), and that the end of the input shaft (10) remote from the sun gear (20) is connected to the housing by means of a second bearing (81).

10. A vehicle comprising a multi-speed electric drive system, characterized in that the multi-speed electric drive system is a multi-speed electric drive system according to any one of claims 1-9.