CN116087053B - Method for researching influence of thick oil starting pressure gradient on distribution of residual oil - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for researching influence of a thick oil starting pressure gradient on distribution of residual oil, and relates to the field of oil and gas field development. Method for researching influence of thick oil starting pressure gradient on residual oil distribution, first performing start-up pressure gradient measurement and start-up pressure gradient measurement to obtain fit relation between thick oil start-up pressure gradient and fluidity Fitting relation of thick oil starting pressure gradient and fluidityThe starting pressure gradient and the to-be-started pressure gradient are converted, multiple formulas are fitted and compared, two formulas with higher correlation coefficients are screened out, G=0.01696×G' 0.9211 +0.001735 is a power function relation, and the complex correlation coefficients are: 0.9254, g=0.007434×e0 .8324*G′-0.00718*e‑4.099*G′, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9410, a double exponential function, with G representing the starting pressure gradient and G' representing the pressure gradient to be started. And establishing a relation between the starting pressure gradient measured by the micro-flow differential pressure method and the starting pressure gradient to be started, and calculating the starting pressure gradient through the starting pressure gradient to be started by the seepage curve regression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a method for researching influence of a thick oil starting pressure gradient on residual oil distribution.
Background
The thick oil is a complex colloid system composed of molecules with different structures, and the thick oil system has a three-dimensional reticular macromolecular structure, so that the thick oil system with the structure has the viscosity of fluid and the elasticity of solid, and the thick oil has different structures and different viscoelasticity, thereby causing the thick oil with different structures to show different seepage characteristics when flowing in a porous medium. The elastic action of the thick oil causes it to require an external driving force during the flow process to bring the thick oil from rest to creep to the flow state, the minimum force that causes the fluid to start to flow being called the yield stress. It is also due to the special elastic action of the thick oil that a certain displacement pressure gradient is required when the thick oil is in a state from rest to flowing in the porous medium, and the limit value at which the thick oil starts to flow is called the start-up pressure gradient. The starting pressure gradient plays a very important role in the development process of the oil and gas field, and the existence of the starting pressure gradient increases the difficulty of thick oil exploitation on one hand and reduces the final recovery ratio of thick oil on the other hand.
At present, the measurement method for starting the pressure gradient is not unified, and the measurement result is very different. The method for measuring the starting pressure gradient is commonly used in the oil field is a seepage curve fitting method, the starting pressure gradient obtained by the method is actually a to-be-started pressure gradient, and the to-be-started pressure gradient deviates from the actual starting pressure gradient of the rock to a great extent, so that the method is not suitable for actual production and application of the oil field. The other method is a micro-flow displacement differential pressure method, the starting pressure gradient measured by the method is more similar to the real starting pressure gradient of the rock, but has higher requirements on equipment precision and acquisition environment, and the starting pressure gradient can be obtained through seepage curve fitting, so that the method is simple. Therefore, the application establishes a relation between the starting pressure gradient measured by the micro-flow differential pressure method and the starting pressure gradient to be started, so that the starting pressure gradient can be calculated by the starting pressure gradient to be started through the seepage curve regression, and the problem of difficult starting pressure gradient measurement can be well solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects, and provides a method for establishing a relation between a starting pressure gradient and a to-be-started pressure gradient, and calculating the influence of the starting pressure gradient of thick oil on the distribution of residual oil by the to-be-started pressure gradient of seepage curve regression.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method for researching influence of thick oil starting pressure gradient on residual oil distribution is to first perform starting pressure gradient measurement and starting pressure gradient measurement to obtain fitting relation of thick oil starting pressure gradient and fluidity as shown in (1),
The fitting relation between the thick oil starting pressure gradient and the fluidity is shown as (2),
Converting between the starting pressure gradient and the to-be-started pressure gradient, performing multiple formula fitting comparison, screening out two formulas with higher correlation coefficients, wherein the formula (3) is a power function relation, the formula (4) is a double-exponential function relation, in the relation, G represents the starting pressure gradient, G' represents the to-be-started pressure gradient, and obtaining,
G＝0.01696*G′0.9211+0.001735 (3)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9254, the relation between the starting pressure gradient and the pressure gradient to be started is shown as (4),
G＝0.007734*e0.8324*G′-0.00718*e-4.099*G′ (4)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9410.
Preferably, the pressure gradient to be initiated is determined as follows:
① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water;
② Establishing bound water;
③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state;
④ Setting a pump to pump the oil sample into the core for displacement at the flow rates of 0.01ml/min, 0.03ml/min, 0.05ml/min, 0.1ml/min and 0.2ml/min respectively, and ensuring that the inlet pressure and the outlet flow of the core are kept stable within 30min under each flow rate, so that the next flow rate can be replaced until the end;
⑤ And drawing a flow-pressure gradient curve, and extending a linear section of the curve to a pressure gradient axis, wherein an intersection point of the linear section of the curve and the pressure gradient axis is the pressure gradient to be started.
Preferably, the start pressure gradient measurement steps are as follows:
① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water;
② Establishing bound water;
③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state;
④ And carrying out displacement experiments at a flow rate of 0.003ml/min by a pump, gradually and slowly establishing pressure at the inlet end of the core by compressing liquid in the middle container, acquiring pressure signals of the inlet end and the outlet end of the core by using a pressure signal acquisition system, and calculating a starting pressure gradient when the pressure signal of the outlet end of the core starts to rise, wherein the pressure of the inlet end of the core is the starting pressure.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the method, the relation between the starting pressure gradient measured by the micro-flow differential pressure method and the starting pressure gradient to be started is established, the starting pressure gradient can be calculated through the starting pressure gradient to be started by seepage curve regression, and the problem that the starting pressure gradient is difficult to measure can be well solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the percolation curves of LW-7 cores at different temperatures (300 mD,1# thick oil);
FIG. 2 shows the seepage curve (1300 mM D,1# thick oil) of LW-24 core at different temperatures;
FIG. 3 shows the percolation curves of LW-8 cores at different temperatures (300 mD,2# thick oil);
FIG. 4 shows the seepage curve (1300 mM D,2# thick oil) of LW-25 core at different temperatures;
FIG. 5 shows the percolation curves of LW-49 cores at different temperatures (3000 mM, 2# thick oil);
FIG. 6 is a plot of the pressure gradient versus fluidity for a start-up;
FIG. 7 is a graph of initiation pressure gradient versus fluidity;
FIG. 8 is a graph of start-up pressure gradient/start-up pressure gradient versus fluidity;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison between the conversion results of the formulas (3) and (4) and the actual measurement results.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
The method mainly adopts a seepage curve fitting method to measure the pressure gradient to be started, firstly, a relation curve of different seepage speeds and the pressure gradient is drawn, a linear section of the curve is prolonged to a pressure gradient axis, and an intersection point of the linear section and the pressure gradient axis is the pressure gradient to be started.
The method mainly adopts a micro-flow displacement differential pressure method to measure the starting pressure gradient, a pressure signal acquisition system is used for acquiring pressure signals of an inlet and an outlet of a core, when the pressure signal of the outlet of the core starts to rise (which indicates that fluid in the core starts to flow and generates micro pressure), the corresponding pressure of the inlet of the core is the starting pressure, and the starting pressure gradient is calculated.
And (3) measuring seepage curves at different temperatures according to dehydrated thickened oil (No. 1 and No. 2 oil samples) from different oil fields, researching the seepage rules of the thickened oil under different seepage rates and different viscosity conditions, and converting a quasi-start pressure gradient and a start pressure gradient obtained through linear regression of the seepage curves. The parameters of the thick oil samples are shown in the following table 1, and the basic parameters of the core are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The method for researching the influence of the starting pressure gradient of the thick oil on the distribution of the residual oil is firstly to carry out the measurement of the starting pressure gradient and the measurement of the starting pressure gradient. The step of measuring the pressure gradient to be started comprises the following steps: ① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water; ② Establishing bound water; ③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state; ④ Setting a pump to pump the oil sample into the core for displacement at the flow rates of 0.01ml/min, 0.03ml/min, 0.05ml/min, 0.1ml/min and 0.2ml/min respectively, and ensuring that the inlet pressure and the outlet flow of the core are kept stable within 30min under each flow rate, so that the next flow rate can be replaced until the end; ⑤ And drawing a flow-pressure gradient curve, and extending a linear section of the curve to a pressure gradient axis, wherein an intersection point of the linear section of the curve and the pressure gradient axis is the pressure gradient to be started. The step of starting the pressure gradient measurement comprises the following steps: ① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water; ② Establishing bound water; ③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state; ④ And carrying out displacement experiments at a flow rate of 0.003ml/min by a pump, gradually and slowly establishing pressure at the inlet end of the core by compressing liquid in the middle container, acquiring pressure signals of the inlet end and the outlet end of the core by using a pressure signal acquisition system, and calculating a starting pressure gradient when the pressure signal of the outlet end of the core starts to rise, wherein the pressure of the inlet end of the core is the starting pressure.
Artificial cores with permeabilities of 300mD, 1300mD and 3000mD are selected, seepage curves with different temperatures (30 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃) are measured, seepage curves with different permeabilities and different thick oil viscosities at different temperatures are obtained, then the curves are fitted, a pressure gradient to be started is obtained, thick oil samples are 1# and 2# and experimental results are shown in the following figures 1-5. The results of the percolation regression equation and the pressure gradient to be started are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
The fitting relation formula of the pressure gradient and the fluidity of the thick oil to be started is shown as (1),
As can be seen from the experimental results of FIG. 6, the fluidity and the pressure gradient to be started are in a power function relationship, the pressure gradient to be started starts to be reduced sharply along with the increase of the fluidity, the reduction amplitude is reduced gradually, the complex correlation coefficient of the fitting relationship is 0.8665, and the fitting effect is good.
The above cores for measuring the to-be-started pressure gradient were simultaneously subjected to the start pressure gradient measurement, and the same artificial cores with permeabilities of 300mD, 1300mD and 3000mD were measured for the start pressure gradients at different temperatures (30 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃) and the start pressure gradient versus fluidity curves are shown in FIG. 7.
The fitting relation between the thick oil starting pressure gradient and the fluidity is shown as (2),
As can be seen from the experimental data of fig. 7, under the same viscosity condition, the starting pressure gradient gradually increases with the decrease of the permeability, mainly because the size of the core permeability is related to the pore radius, when the permeability decreases, the pore radius becomes smaller, the seepage resistance increases, and in addition, with the decrease of the pore radius, the larger the thickness of the thick oil boundary layer, the acting force between thick oil molecules and the rock increases, the seepage resistance increases, and the starting pressure gradient increases. The fluidity and the pressure gradient to be started are in a power function relation, the pressure gradient to be started starts to be rapidly reduced along with the increase of the fluidity, the reduction amplitude is gradually reduced, the complex correlation coefficient of the fitting relation is 0.9112, and the fitting effect is good.
The current methods for measuring the starting pressure gradient at home and abroad are different, the result difference is larger, the result obtained by the method for measuring the starting pressure gradient is close to the real starting pressure gradient of the rock, but the method has higher requirements on equipment precision and acquisition environment, and the pressure gradient to be started can be obtained through seepage curve fitting, so that the method is simple. Therefore, the scheme establishes a relation between the starting pressure gradient value obtained by measuring the detected flow pressure signal and the starting pressure gradient to be started, so that the starting pressure gradient can be calculated through the starting pressure gradient to be started, and the problem of difficult starting pressure gradient measurement can be well solved.
The relationship between the start-up pressure gradient/start-up pressure gradient and fluidity is shown in fig. 8 below.
Converting between the starting pressure gradient and the to-be-started pressure gradient, performing multiple formula fitting comparison, screening out two formulas with higher correlation coefficients, wherein the formula (3) is a power function relation, the formula (4) is a double-exponential function relation, in the relation, G represents the starting pressure gradient, G' represents the to-be-started pressure gradient, and obtaining,
G＝0.01696*G′0.9211＋0.001735 (3)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9254, the relation between the starting pressure gradient and the pressure gradient to be started is shown as (4),
G＝0.007734*e0.8324*G′-0.00718*e-4.099*G′ (4)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9410.
The two formulas calculate the starting pressure gradient and the measured result pair, such as shown in fig. 9.
It can be seen from the results of fig. 9 that the start-up pressure gradient was converted to a start-up pressure gradient and then had good agreement with the results obtained from the experiment. The average deviation of the starting pressure gradient obtained after the conversion of the formula (3) and the measured starting pressure gradient is 17.89%, the average deviation of the starting pressure gradient obtained after the conversion of the formula (4) and the measured starting pressure gradient is 12.77%, the relation between the starting pressure gradient and the fluidity after the conversion of the starting pressure gradient and the relation curve between the actual measurement value and the fluidity are highly coincident, the coefficient of the curve fitting formula is very close to the numerical value of the exponential term, the conversion formula is reliable, and the result of the formula (4) is closer to the actual measurement starting pressure gradient.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for researching influence of thick oil start pressure gradient on residual oil distribution is characterized in that the method is firstly carried out with start pressure gradient measurement and start pressure gradient measurement to obtain fitting relation of thick oil start pressure gradient and fluidity as shown in (1),
The fitting relation between the thick oil starting pressure gradient and the fluidity is shown as (2),
Converting between the starting pressure gradient and the to-be-started pressure gradient, performing multiple formula fitting comparison, screening out two formulas with higher correlation coefficients, wherein the formula (3) is a power function relation, the formula (4) is a double-exponential function relation, in the relation, G represents the starting pressure gradient, G' represents the to-be-started pressure gradient, and obtaining,
G＝0.01696*G′0.9211+0.001735 (3)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9254, the relation between the starting pressure gradient and the pressure gradient to be started is shown as (4),
G＝0.007734*e0.324*G,-0.00718*e-4.099*G, (4)
Wherein, complex correlation coefficient: 0.9410.
2. A method for studying the effect of a thickened oil start-up pressure gradient on the distribution of remaining oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determining the start-up pressure gradient is as follows:
① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water;
② Establishing bound water;
③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state;
④ Setting a pump to pump the oil sample into the core for displacement at the flow rates of 0.01ml/min, 0.03ml/min, 0.05ml/min, 0.1ml/min and 0.2ml/min respectively, and ensuring that the inlet pressure and the outlet flow of the core are kept stable within 30min under each flow rate, so that the next flow rate can be replaced until the end;
⑤ And drawing a flow-pressure gradient curve, and extending a linear section of the curve to a pressure gradient axis, wherein an intersection point of the linear section of the curve and the pressure gradient axis is the pressure gradient to be started.
3. A method of investigating the effect of a thickened oil start-up pressure gradient on the distribution of remaining oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the start-up pressure gradient determination steps are as follows:
① Vacuumizing the rock core and saturating stratum water;
② Establishing bound water;
③ Aging for more than 24 hours under a constant temperature state;
④ And carrying out displacement experiments at a flow rate of 0.003ml/min by a pump, gradually and slowly establishing pressure at the inlet end of the core by compressing liquid in the middle container, acquiring pressure signals of the inlet end and the outlet end of the core by using a pressure signal acquisition system, and calculating a starting pressure gradient when the pressure signal of the outlet end of the core starts to rise, wherein the pressure of the inlet end of the core is the starting pressure.
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