CN115817752A - Ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method - Google Patents
Ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115817752A CN115817752A CN202211240264.5A CN202211240264A CN115817752A CN 115817752 A CN115817752 A CN 115817752A CN 202211240264 A CN202211240264 A CN 202211240264A CN 115817752 A CN115817752 A CN 115817752A
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Abstract
A ship chimney and an upper building integral hoisting method comprises the following steps: calculating the overall weight center of gravity of the ship chimney after assembly according to the characteristics and the construction mode of the ship chimney and the built structure; designing a combined lifting lug and a mounting position according to the weight center of gravity of the chimney and the upper building; locally thickening the deck and the longitudinal wall plate provided with the combined lifting lug; designing a combined lifting lug anti-tilting toggle plate and a reinforced toggle plate; the combined lifting lug is welded without defects, so that the lifting strength is ensured to meet the requirement; after the design of the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme is finished, finite element calculation is carried out on the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme to ensure that the maximum stress of each area during hoisting meets the design requirement; and after the step is completed to optimize the hull structure of the lifting lug area in advance, actual hoisting is carried out. The method has the characteristics of high hoisting efficiency, convenience and simplicity in operation and strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship construction, in particular to the field of ship chimneys and upper building hoisting.
Background
In the prior art, a ship is built by taking segmentation as a main building method. When the ship chimney block 7 and the upper building block 6 are hoisted and carried separately, the integral hoisting times are 2 cranes, after the ship is folded, the welding amount of the butt joint is large, the number of fire points is large, the paint damage is serious, the cross operation is difficult to control, the construction potential safety hazard is large, the ship building period is prolonged, and the completeness of the chimney and the upper building is not facilitated.
In view of the current technical situation, a Chinese patent with application number 201110416188.4 discloses an integral hoisting method for a ship superstructure, wherein integral continuous four-eye lifting lugs are arranged at the front end and the two ends of a casing wall at the two sides of a segmental bridge wing deck of the superstructure, standard lifting lugs are arranged at the left side, the right side and the front side of a chimney of the superstructure, and the lifting lugs are connected with an upper trolley through steel wire ropes for integral hoisting. However, the integral hoisting method is too complex: the lifting lugs are various in forms, part of the lifting lugs adopt standard lifting lugs, and the other part of the lifting lugs adopt four-eye lifting lugs; the hanging row cannot be directly hoisted through the hook head of the crane; in order to avoid touching the chimney, the integral hoisting method has high requirement on the length of the rope, and the ropes are crossed. In addition, the method has the defect of poor universality, and the integral hoisting cannot be completed by the method in a place where the height of a shipyard without a hoisting row and the height of the gantry crane 1 are not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a ship chimney and an upper building integral hoisting method, and the ship chimney hoisting method has the characteristics of high hoisting efficiency, convenience and simplicity in operation and strong universality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is that the ship chimney and the built-up integral hoisting method are designed by utilizing the segmented original structure, the integral hoisting combined lifting lug is designed for hoisting, the local thickening treatment is carried out on the deck and the longitudinal wall plate in the installation area of the combined lifting lug, the anti-tilt toggle plate is installed on one side of the combined lifting lug, and the reinforcing toggle plate is correspondingly installed below the deck, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Calculating the overall weight center of gravity of the ship chimney after assembly according to the characteristics and the construction mode of the ship chimney and the built structure;
2) Designing a combined lifting lug and a mounting position according to the weight center of gravity of the chimney and the upper building;
3) Locally thickening the deck and the longitudinal wall plate provided with the combined lifting lug;
4) Designing a combined lifting lug anti-tilting toggle plate and a reinforced toggle plate;
5) The combined lifting lug is welded without defects, so that the lifting strength is ensured to meet the requirement;
6) After the design of the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme is finished, finite element calculation is carried out on the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme to ensure that the maximum stress of each area during hoisting meets the design requirement;
7) And after the step is completed to optimize the hull structure of the lifting lug area in advance, actual hoisting is carried out.
Further, the overall weight center of gravity of the chimney after the total assembly is calculated in the step 1), specifically comprising the weight center of the combined ship structure, iron fitting-out installation, paint, pipelines, cables, equipment, sanitary units, deck accessory furniture and the like, if the total weight exceeds the maximum hoisting capacity after the calculation, part of deck accessory installation is reduced, and the weight of the chimney and the upper building total assembly meets the hoisting requirement.
Further, step 2) designing a combined lifting lug and a mounting position, wherein the combined lifting lug is arranged on a starboard of an A deck 5, and the combined lifting lugs are arranged on a port and a starboard of a bridge deck 4; and reinforcing webs are arranged on two sides of the lifting code hole of each combined lifting lug to reinforce the lifting code hole and the lifting capacity. The design of three combination lug is decided according to the jack-up mode of portal crane 1, 2 go up the dolly gib head 2 and hang 2 combination lugs, 1 dolly gib head 3 hangs a set of lug down, and every group atress all is in gib head load range, and the jack-up weight difference control of two gib head designs of going up the dolly is in the application range of portal crane 1.
Further, because combination lug mainboard thickness is thicker, local stress is great during hoist and mount, in order to ensure that the block does not take place the interlayer risk of tearing at hoist and mount in-process, step 3) the deck and the vertical wall board of combination lug carry out local thickening processing, specifically for thickening 3 ~ 8mm. After the deck plate is thickened, force transmission is facilitated, and the combined lifting lug and the longitudinal wall plate are completely welded through more safely.
Further, as the slipway is lifted and carried with 3 degrees of inclination, in order to prevent the combined lifting lug main plate from being deformed due to lateral force, the stress of the total section is balanced in the process of lifting the total section, the partial section is not deformed and damaged, and the step 4) designs the combined lifting lug anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforced toggle plate, wherein the combined lifting lug anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforced toggle plate are determined according to the size of the combined lifting lug, the larger the stress of the combined lifting lug is, the higher the height of the main plate is, the larger the anti-tilt toggle plate is, the larger the corresponding reinforced toggle plate is, and the smaller the inclination is otherwise. The anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforcing toggle plate of the combined lifting lug effectively solve the problems that the lifting lug deforms and a lifting structure deforms, and a dual-protection effect is achieved.
Further, in order to ensure the safety of the chimney and the integral hoisting built on the chimney, the step 5) of welding the combined lifting lug without defects is to weld the combined lifting lug and the deck completely through, and meanwhile, the longitudinal wall plate issued by the combined lifting lug is also subjected to full through welding treatment with the deck, and the combined lifting lug is subjected to 100% flaw detection treatment.
Further, in order to ensure that the stress between the areas meets the design requirements under the condition that the hoisting requirements are totally met, after the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme are designed, finite element calculation is carried out on the chimney, specifically, when the chimney is hoisted, the maximum stress and deformation of each area meet the design requirements, and when the theoretical calculation does not meet the design requirements, the chimney needs to be reinforced.
Further, the actual hoisting in the step 7) is specifically hoisting by using 2 lifting hooks of the upper trolley and one lifting hook of the lower trolley of the gantry crane 1.
Further, the ship chimney and the integral hoisting method for building the ship chimney further comprise the step 8) of carrying out post-treatment on the combined lifting lug after hoisting is completed, the root of the combined lifting lug is reserved by 100mm and is reserved in a ship body structure as a water-blocking flat iron, and the rest of the combined lifting lug is cut off, so that the later process of removing, polishing, repair welding and repair paint is avoided, and the ship chimney and the integral hoisting method for building the ship chimney are convenient, safe and reliable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the characteristics of the chimney and the ship body structure built on the chimney and the hoisting mode of the gantry crane 1, an integral hoisting scheme which meets the requirements of the site and is built on the chimney is designed. Through at structural design combination lug of hull, ensure chimney and the integral hoisting of building on, have efficient, easy operation, integrality good, with low costs and the high characteristics of security, the contrast file reduces 1/2 is compared in the lifting rope setting in the actual operation. By utilizing the integral strength of the chimney and the upper building after assembly, additional hoisting reinforcement is not needed, the integrity of the chimney and the upper building can be improved, the hoisting reinforcement material of the block section is saved, the labor cost is saved, the shipbuilding cost is reduced, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are important for shipbuilding and carrying. The method is inserted into the hoisting design before the ship production design, the hull structure of the lifting lug area is optimized in advance, the integral hoisting is completed at one go, the hook time is greatly shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the chimney and the upper building integral hoisting of the invention;
FIG. 2.1 is a layout diagram of a combined lifting lug for lifting by a lower trolley installed on a deck 4 of a bridge deck;
FIG. 2.2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of FIG. 2.1 in the direction A-A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforced toggle plate of the combined lifting lug of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the reinforcement web of the combined shackle shown in FIG. 2 at C in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5.1 is a layout diagram of a combined lifting lug for lifting an upper trolley arranged on a deck 5A of the invention;
FIG. 5.2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5.1 in the direction D-D;
FIG. 6.1 is a layout diagram of a combined lifting lug for lifting by an upper trolley arranged on a deck 4 of a bridge deck;
FIG. 6.2 is a cross-sectional view in the direction E-E of FIG. 6.1;
figure 7 is a schematic diagram of finite element calculations for the hoisting scheme of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following examples of the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a ship chimney and an integral hoisting method for building on the ship chimney are designed to hoist an integral hoisting combined lifting lug by using a segmented original structure, the local part of a deck and a longitudinal wall plate in the installation area of the combined lifting lug needs thickening treatment, an anti-tilting toggle plate is installed on one side of the combined lifting lug, and a reinforced toggle plate is correspondingly installed below the deck, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) According to the characteristics and the construction mode of the ship chimney and the upper building structure, the overall weight gravity center of the ship chimney after the assembly is calculated, and according to the crane lifting capacity of a company, a total section with the total weight meeting the crane load requirement is designed. The calculated overall weight center of gravity comprises the weight center of gravity of the combination of a ship structure, iron fitting-out installation, paint, pipelines, cables, equipment, sanitary units, deck auxiliary furniture and the like, and if the calculated overall section weight exceeds the maximum hoisting capacity of a gantry crane 1 of a company, part of deck auxiliary installation is reduced, and the weight of the chimney and the upper building assembly meets the hoisting requirement.
2) Three combined lifting lugs and installation positions thereof are designed according to the weight center of gravity of the chimney and the upper building, wherein one combined lifting lug is arranged on the starboard of the A deck 5, and one combined lifting lug is arranged on the port and the starboard of the bridge deck 4. And reinforcing webs are arranged on two sides of the lifting code hole of each combined lifting lug to reinforce the lifting code hole and the lifting capacity. The design of three combined lifting lugs is determined according to the hoisting mode of a gantry crane 1 of a company, two combined lifting lugs are hung on two upper trolley hook heads 2, one group of lifting lugs are hung on one lower trolley hook head 3, the stress of each group is within the hook head load range, and the hoisting weight difference designed on the two hook heads of the upper trolley is controlled within the use range of the gantry crane 1.
3) After the size and the position of the combined lifting lug are determined, the deck and the longitudinal wall plate for installing the combined lifting lug need to be locally thickened, and the risk of interlayer tearing of the block is avoided in the hoisting process. The main thick that makes up lug mainboard, local stress is great during hoist and mount, needs carry out local thickening to the deck of installation department and the vertical wall board of below and handles, is favorable to the conduction of power, and after the deck board bodiness, make up lug and vertical wall board and weld completely safer, and can not take place the tearing risk between the layer when hoist and mount. And at the combined lifting lug installation position on the starboard of the A deck 5, locally thickening the deck framework from 9mm to 12mm of the original structure. The local thickening processing of the surrounding wall plate structure is carried out, and the thickness is increased to 16mm from 9mm of the original structure. The deck framework is locally thickened at the combined lifting lug installation position of the port and the starboard of the deck 4 of the bridge deck from 8mm to 12mm. The local thickening of the surrounding wall plate structure is processed, and the thickness of the surrounding wall plate structure is increased to 16mm from 8mm of the original structure.
4) According to the size and the form of the combined lifting lug, the anti-tilting toggle plate and the reinforcing toggle plate of the combined lifting lug are designed, so that the stress of the block is balanced, and the block is not deformed and damaged locally in the lifting process of the block. When the slipway is hoisted and carried, the inclination of 3 degrees is formed, and the combined lifting lug main board is prevented from being deformed due to lateral force. The anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforcing toggle plate of the combined lifting lug effectively solve the problems that the lifting lug deforms and a lifting structure deforms, and a dual-protection effect is achieved. The anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforcing toggle plate of the combined lifting lug are determined according to the size of the combined lifting lug, the larger the stress of the combined lifting lug is, the higher the height of the main plate is, the larger the anti-tilt toggle plate is, the larger the corresponding reinforcing toggle plate is, and the smaller the anti-tilt toggle plate is, otherwise, the reinforcing toggle plate is.
5) The combined lifting lug and the deck are welded completely, the completely-covered combined lifting lug is welded firmly with the hull structure, and meanwhile, a longitudinal wall plate issued by the combined lifting lug is also subjected to completely-welded treatment with the deck, so that force transmission is facilitated. The combined lifting lug is subjected to 100% flaw detection treatment, so that no welding defect is ensured, and the chimney and the integral hoisting safety of the upper building are facilitated.
6) After the design of the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme is finished, finite element calculation needs to be carried out on the chimney and the upper-building hoisting scheme, and the maximum stress of each area is ensured to meet the design requirement during hoisting. When the theoretical calculation does not meet the design requirements, the theoretical calculation needs to be intensively processed. Through theoretical calculation, the maximum stress of the contact part of the combined lifting lug of the A deck 5 and the upper layer of the sectional longitudinal wall reaches 258MPa, exceeds the allowable stress of 235MPa, and needs to be reinforced. And finally, locally reinforcing the longitudinal wall plate, wherein the reinforced area is 2m in length and 0.6m in width, and the thickness is increased from 8mm of the original ship structure to 16mm. The reinforced areas are shown in fig. 5 at cloud lines, and the finite element calculations are shown in fig. 7.
7) And after the step is completed to optimize the hull structure of the lifting lug area in advance, actual hoisting is carried out.
8) After the hoisting is completed, the combined lifting lug is subjected to aftertreatment, the combined lifting lug is left with a root of 100mm and is reserved in a hull structure as a water-blocking flat iron, and the rest of the water-blocking flat iron are cut off, so that the later-stage process of removing polishing repair welding repair paint is avoided, and the device is convenient, safe and reliable. The cut lines are shown at the labels of fig. 2, 5 and 6.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A ship chimney and an upper building integral hoisting method are characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Calculating the overall weight center of gravity of the ship chimney after assembly according to the characteristics and the construction mode of the ship chimney and the built structure;
2) Designing a combined lifting lug and a mounting position according to the weight center of gravity of the chimney and the upper building;
3) Locally thickening the deck and the longitudinal wall plate provided with the combined lifting lug;
4) Designing a combined lifting lug anti-tilting toggle plate and a reinforced toggle plate;
5) The combined lifting lugs are welded without defects, so that the lifting strength is ensured to meet the requirements;
6) After the design of the chimney and the upper building hoisting scheme is finished, finite element calculation is carried out on the chimney and the upper building hoisting scheme to ensure that the maximum stress of each area during hoisting meets the design requirement;
7) And after the step is completed, the ship body structure in the lifting lug area is optimized in advance, and then actual hoisting is carried out.
2. The ship chimney and the upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 1, wherein the overall weight center of gravity of the ship chimney after the total assembly in the step 1) is calculated comprises the weight center of gravity of the combination of a ship body structure, iron fitting-out installation, paint, a pipeline, a cable, equipment, a sanitary unit and deck auxiliary furniture, and if the total section weight exceeds the maximum hoisting capacity after the calculation, part of deck auxiliary installation is reduced, so that the weight of the chimney and the upper building total assembly meets the hoisting requirement.
3. The ship chimney and the integral hoisting method for the building on the ship according to claim 2, wherein the step 2) is designed with a combined lifting lug and an installation position, specifically, the combined lifting lug is arranged on the starboard side of an A deck (5), the combined lifting lug is arranged on the port and starboard side of a bridge deck (4), and reinforcing webs are arranged on two sides of a lifting hole of each combined lifting lug to reinforce the lifting hole and the lifting capacity; the design of three combined lifting lugs is determined according to the hoisting mode of the gantry crane (1), two combined lifting lugs are hung on two upper trolley hook heads (2), a group of lifting lugs are hung on one lower trolley hook head (3), the stress of each group is within the hook head load range, and the hoisting weight difference designed on the two upper trolley hook heads (2) is controlled within the use range of the gantry crane (1).
4. The ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 3, wherein the deck and the longitudinal wall plate of the combined lifting lug in the step 3) are locally thickened, specifically, the thickness is 3-8 mm.
5. The ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 4, wherein the step 4) is implemented by designing a combined lifting lug anti-tilt toggle plate and a reinforced toggle plate, specifically, the combined lifting lug anti-tilt toggle plate and the reinforced toggle plate are determined according to the size of the combined lifting lug, the larger the stress of the combined lifting lug is, the higher the height of a main plate is, the larger the anti-tilt toggle plate is, the larger the corresponding reinforced toggle plate is, and vice versa.
6. The ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 5, wherein the step 5) of welding the combined lifting lug without defects is to weld the combined lifting lug and a deck completely through, and simultaneously, a longitudinal wall plate issued by the combined lifting lug is also subjected to complete through welding with the deck, and the combined lifting lug is subjected to 100% flaw detection.
7. The ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 6, wherein after the design of the chimney and the upper building hoisting scheme in the step 6) is completed, finite element calculation is performed on the chimney and the upper building hoisting scheme, and specifically, when the hoisting is ensured, the maximum stress and deformation of each area meet the design requirements, and when the theoretical calculation does not meet the design requirements, the chimney and the upper building hoisting scheme need to be reinforced.
8. The ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method according to claim 7, wherein the actual hoisting in step 7) is specifically performed by using two upper trolley hook heads (2) and one lower trolley hook head (3) of a gantry crane (1).
9. The ship chimney and the integral hoisting method for the upper building according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising
And 8) carrying out post-treatment on the combined lifting lug after the hoisting is finished, reserving 100mm roots of the combined lifting lug as water-blocking flat iron in the ship body structure, and cutting off the rest.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211240264.5A CN115817752A (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211240264.5A CN115817752A (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Ship chimney and upper building integral hoisting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117184359A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-12-08 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Hoisting method and hoisting equipment assembly for tower |
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- 2022-10-11 CN CN202211240264.5A patent/CN115817752A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117184359A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-12-08 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Hoisting method and hoisting equipment assembly for tower |
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