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CN115816829B - 3D printing prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device and operation method - Google Patents

3D printing prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device and operation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115816829B
CN115816829B CN202211334824.3A CN202211334824A CN115816829B CN 115816829 B CN115816829 B CN 115816829B CN 202211334824 A CN202211334824 A CN 202211334824A CN 115816829 B CN115816829 B CN 115816829B
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wire
wheel
prepreg
printing
electromagnet
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CN115816829A (en
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范聪泽
单忠德
于肖
陈意伟
郑菁桦
宋文哲
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of 3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials, in particular to a prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device in a 3D printing process. In the continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing device, the functions of cutting wires, stopping wires, feeding wires and the like are integrated into one unit module, stable switching of different functions is achieved, the size of a printing head is effectively reduced, and the weight of a system is reduced. The prepreg wire conveying/cutting function integrated device for the 3D printing process provided by the invention uses one functional component to replace three components for controlling prepreg wire cutting, stopping and conveying in the traditional printing head, so that the utilization rate of the internal space of the printing head is greatly improved, and the functional component provided by the invention does not adopt a traditional pneumatic element, so that the printing error caused by the action time of the pneumatic element is reduced, the printing precision is improved, and the high-speed printing is realized.

Description

3D printing prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device and operation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials, in particular to a prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device in a 3D printing process and an operation method.
Background
Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic Composites (CFRTP) are composites prepared with continuous fibers as the reinforcing material and thermoplastic resins as the matrix. The continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material member has the advantages of light weight, high strength, excellent mechanical property and the like, is widely applied to various fields such as aerospace, national defense and military industry, transportation, energy and the like at present, and is continuously expanded to the civil field.
The 3D printing of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is a novel additive manufacturing technology, and the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is formed by melt extrusion of continuous fiber prepreg filaments in a spray head and stacking layers by layers along with the movement of the 3D printing spray head to form an integral structure. Compared with the traditional composite material forming process, 3D printing has the advantages of no need of a die, low cost, integrated forming and the like, and along with the development of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing technology, the manufacturing cost of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is reduced, and the application field of the composite material is further expanded. However, the 3D printing process of the continuous fibers involves a cutting and re-feeding process of the continuous fiber prepreg filaments, which has a great influence on the forming precision of the composite material workpiece.
The existing prepreg wire shears, stopping and conveying mechanisms in the continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing equipment mostly adopt a separated design, different functional modules are mutually independent, the structural volume of a printing head is increased due to the existence of a plurality of functional modules, and the large load on the printing head severely limits the improvement of the printing speed. The existing prepreg wire shears, stopping and conveying mechanisms in the continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing equipment are mostly controlled by pneumatic elements, the actuating distance of the pneumatic elements is long, the number of contacts is large, the failure rate is high, and meanwhile, the actuating time of the pneumatic elements can cause larger forming errors, so that the forming precision of the final product is poor. In order to simplify the structural size of a continuous fiber printing head, a prepreg wire conveying/cutting function integrated device in a 3D printing process is lacking at present, one component is used for replacing a plurality of motors and a complex planetary transmission chain structure of a traditional prepreg wire cutting, stopping and conveying configuration, the weight of a printing system is reduced, and the printing speed and the printing precision are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses an integrated device for prepreg wire conveying and cutting in a 3D printing process, which uses a component to replace a plurality of motors and a complex planetary transmission chain structure of a traditional prepreg wire cutting, stopping and conveying structure, reduces the use of pneumatic elements in the component, reduces the weight of a printing system, and improves the printing speed and precision.
The integrated device for the prepreg wire conveying and cutting function in the 3D printing process comprises an auxiliary wheel assembly and a multifunctional integrated action ring assembly, wherein the multifunctional integrated action ring assembly comprises a multifunctional integrated action ring, and a prepreg wire guide channel, a wire feeding mechanism, a wire stopping mechanism and a wire cutting mechanism are sequentially integrated on the multifunctional integrated action ring; the auxiliary wheel assembly comprises an auxiliary wheel and a steering engine, wherein an output shaft of the steering engine is connected with the auxiliary wheel; the auxiliary wheel assembly plays roles in assisting wire feeding, wire cutting and wire stopping. The functions of wire feeding, wire cutting and wire stopping are realized through the rotation of the multifunctional integrated action ring and the cooperation of the auxiliary wheel.
The multifunctional integrated action ring is internally fixed with a second electromagnet, the outer circumferential surface of the multifunctional integrated action ring is sequentially provided with a cutter groove, a wire passing channel, a wire feeding wheel groove and a wire stopping wheel groove, a wire feeding wheel is arranged in the wire feeding wheel groove, a wire stopping wheel is arranged in the wire stopping wheel groove, and a first electromagnet and a third electromagnet are respectively fixed in the wire feeding wheel and the wire stopping wheel.
The invention is further improved in that: the positions of the wire feeding wheel and the wire stopping wheel in the wire feeding wheel groove and the wire stopping wheel groove are controlled by adjusting the current sizes and the current directions of the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet and the third electromagnet.
The invention is further improved in that: the angle range between the knife edge of the knife slot and the tangential plane of the action ring is 10 degrees to 30 degrees, which is beneficial to smoothly completing the cutting action of the prepreg filaments.
The knife edge of the knife slot on the multifunctional integrated action ring is at a certain angle, which is beneficial to smoothly completing the cutting action of the prepreg filaments.
The function integration device adopts an electromagnet to replace the traditional pneumatic element to control the shearing, stopping and feeding actions of the prepreg wires, reduces the printing error caused by the action time of the pneumatic element, and improves the printing precision.
The operation method of the prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device in the 3D printing process comprises the following steps of:
step 1: in the 3D printing process, when encountering a fiber cutting point, the multifunctional integrated action ring rotates to enable the cutter groove to be close to the auxiliary wheel, the steering engine is in a braking state, the auxiliary wheel is blocked and cannot rotate, the outer edge of the cutter groove is matched with the auxiliary wheel, and the prepreg filaments are cut off;
step 2: after the prepreg wires are cut, in order to prevent the prepreg wires from being drawn back, the multifunctional integrated action ring rotates to enable the wire stopping wheel to be close to the auxiliary wheel, at the moment, the steering engine is still in a braking state, and the current magnitude and the direction on the second electromagnet and the third electromagnet are adjusted to control the position of the wire stopping wheel, so that the second electromagnet and the third electromagnet are tightly attached to the auxiliary wheel and clamp the prepreg wires, and the prepreg wires are in a wire stopping state;
step 3: when the next printing position is reached, the multifunctional integrated action ring rotates to enable the wire feeding wheel to be close to the auxiliary wheel, at the moment, the steering engine is in an operating state, the current magnitude and the direction on the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are adjusted to control the position of the wire feeding wheel, the wire feeding wheel is tightly attached to the auxiliary wheel and clamps the prepreg wire, and the prepreg wire is taken out by the cooperative rotation of the wire feeding wheel and the auxiliary wheel;
step 4: when the prepreg filaments are fed out and continue to be printed, the multifunctional integrated action ring rotates to enable the filament passing channel to be opposite to the auxiliary wheel, at the moment, the steering engine is in a braking state, and the prepreg filaments are printed through passive filament feeding;
step 5: repeating the steps 1-4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the integrated design of the prepreg wire cutting, stopping, feeding and other functional components in the 3D printing process, the functions of cutting, stopping and feeding the prepreg wires are realized on one functional component, the structure of the printing head equipment is greatly simplified, and the utilization rate of the internal space of the printing equipment is improved.
2. According to the invention, one functional integrated component is used for replacing a plurality of motors and a complex planetary transmission chain structure of the traditional pre-impregnated wire shear, stop and feed configuration, so that the number of contact points among parts is reduced, and the failure rate of printing equipment is reduced.
3. The invention adopts the electromagnet to replace the traditional pneumatic element to control the actions of cutting, stopping and feeding the prepreg wires, has shorter actuation time, reduces the printing error caused by the actuation time of the pneumatic element, and is beneficial to improving the printing precision and the printing speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the integrated mode of the prepreg wire conveying/cutting function of the present invention
In the figure: the device comprises a pre-soaking wire 1, an auxiliary wheel assembly 2, a pre-soaking wire guide channel 3, a wire feeding mechanism 4, a multifunctional integrated action ring assembly 5, a wire stopping mechanism 6 and a wire cutting mechanism 7;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional execution state of the prepreg filaments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a prepreg wire conveying/cutting function integrated device according to the present invention
In the figure: the device comprises an auxiliary wheel 8, a steering engine 9, a wire feeding wheel 10, a first electromagnet 11, a multifunctional integrated action ring 12, a second electromagnet 13, a third electromagnet 14 and a wire stopping wheel 15;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-functional integrated action ring according to the present invention
In the figure: 16 knife grooves, 17 wire passing channels, 18 wire feeding wheel grooves and 19 wire stopping wheel grooves.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and detailed description, which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Referring to fig. 1, a device for integrating functions of prepreg wire conveying and cutting in a 3D printing process is integrally formed by an auxiliary wheel assembly 2 and a multifunctional integrated action ring assembly 5, and functions of prepreg wire guiding channel 3, wire feeding mechanism 4, wire stopping mechanism 6, wire cutting mechanism 7, wire feeding, wire cutting, wire stopping and the like in the 3D printing process can be integrated in one module on the multifunctional integrated action ring assembly 5.
Referring to fig. 2, there are four working states of the integrated device for prepreg wire conveying and cutting function in the 3D printing process, which are a wire cutting state, a wire stopping state, a wire feeding state and a free state of the prepreg wire, respectively, and when the printing process encounters a prepreg wire cutting point, the four states are mutually switched to complete the cutting and continuous printing of the prepreg wire.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the auxiliary wheel assembly 2 includes an auxiliary wheel 8 and a steering engine 9, and the auxiliary wheel assembly plays roles of assisting in wire feeding, wire cutting and wire stopping.
The multifunctional integrated action ring assembly 4 is characterized in that a main body is a multifunctional integrated action ring 12, and the functions of wire feeding, wire cutting and wire stopping are realized by the rotation of the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 and the cooperation of the auxiliary wheel 8.
The multifunctional integrated action ring 12 is internally fixed with a second electromagnet 13, knife grooves 16, yarn passing channels 17, yarn feeding wheel grooves 18 and yarn stopping wheel grooves 19 are formed in the periphery of the multifunctional integrated action ring 12, yarn feeding wheels 10 are arranged in the yarn feeding wheel grooves 18, yarn stopping wheels 15 are arranged in the yarn stopping wheel grooves 19, and first electromagnets 11 and third electromagnets 14 are respectively fixed in the yarn feeding wheels 10 and the yarn stopping wheels 15. The positions of the wire feeding wheel 10 and the wire stopping wheel 15 in the wire feeding wheel groove 18 and the wire stopping wheel groove 19 are controlled by adjusting the current sizes and the current directions on the first electromagnet 11, the second electromagnet 13 and the third electromagnet 14.
The knife edge of the knife slot 16 on the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 is at a certain angle, which is beneficial to smoothly completing the cutting action of the prepreg filaments.
The function integration device adopts an electromagnet to replace the traditional pneumatic element to control the shearing, stopping and feeding actions of the prepreg wires, reduces the printing error caused by the action time of the pneumatic element, and improves the printing precision.
When the prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device actually operates, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the 3D printing process, when encountering a fiber cutting point, the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 rotates to enable the cutter groove 16 to be close to the auxiliary wheel 8, at the moment, the steering engine 9 is in a braking state, the auxiliary wheel 8 is blocked and cannot rotate, the outer edge of the cutter groove 16 is matched with the auxiliary wheel 8, and the prepreg filaments 1 are cut off;
step 2: after the prepreg 1 is sheared, in order to prevent the prepreg 1 from being drawn back, the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 rotates to enable the wire stopping wheel 15 to be close to the auxiliary wheel 8, at the moment, the steering engine 9 is still in a braking state, and the current magnitude and the direction on the second electromagnet 13 and the third electromagnet 14 are adjusted to control the position of the wire stopping wheel 15, so that the second electromagnet is tightly attached to the auxiliary wheel 8 and the prepreg 1 is clamped, and the prepreg 1 is in a wire stopping state; the current is 48V direct current, and the current is 0.4-10A.
Step 3: when the next printing position is reached, the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 rotates to enable the wire feeding wheel 10 to be close to the auxiliary wheel 8, at the moment, the steering engine 9 is in an operating state, the current magnitude and the direction on the first electromagnet 11 and the second electromagnet 13 are adjusted to control the position of the wire feeding wheel 10, and the current magnitude and the direction on the electromagnets are respectively controlled by adopting a potentiometer and a relay in a circuit, so that the magnetic poles and the magnetic force of the electromagnets are controlled;
the device is tightly attached to the auxiliary wheel 8 and clamps the prepreg filaments 1, and the prepreg filaments 1 are taken out by the cooperative rotation of the filament feeding wheel 10 and the auxiliary wheel 8;
step 4: when the prepreg filaments 1 are fed out and continue to be printed, the multifunctional integrated action ring 12 rotates to enable the filament passing channel 17 to be opposite to the auxiliary wheel 8, at the moment, the steering engine 9 is in a braking state, and the prepreg filaments 1 are printed through passive filament feeding;
step 5: repeating the steps 1-4.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features.

Claims (3)

1. The integrated device for the prepreg wire conveying and cutting functions in the 3D printing process is characterized by comprising an auxiliary wheel assembly (2) and a multifunctional integrated action ring assembly (5), wherein the multifunctional integrated action ring assembly (5) comprises a multifunctional integrated action ring (12), and a prepreg wire guide channel (3), a wire feeding mechanism (4), a wire stopping mechanism (6) and a wire cutting mechanism (7) are sequentially integrated on the multifunctional integrated action ring (12); the auxiliary wheel assembly (2) comprises an auxiliary wheel (8) and a steering engine (9), wherein an output shaft of the steering engine (9) is connected with the auxiliary wheel (8); the functions of wire feeding, wire cutting and wire stopping are realized by the rotation of the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) and the cooperation of the auxiliary wheel (8); the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) is internally fixed with a second electromagnet (13), the outer circumferential surface of the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) is sequentially provided with a cutter groove (16), a wire passing channel (17), a wire feeding wheel groove (18) and a wire stopping wheel groove (19), a wire feeding wheel (10) is arranged in the wire feeding wheel groove (18), a wire stopping wheel (15) is arranged in the wire stopping wheel groove (19), and a first electromagnet (11) and a third electromagnet (14) are respectively fixed in the wire feeding wheel (10) and the wire stopping wheel (15); the positions of the wire feeding wheel (10) and the wire stopping wheel (15) in the wire feeding wheel groove (18) and the wire stopping wheel groove (19) are controlled by adjusting the current sizes and the current directions of the first electromagnet (11), the second electromagnet (13) and the third electromagnet (14).
2. The integrated device for prepreg wire conveying and cutting in 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: the angle range between the knife edge of the knife slot (16) and the cutting plane of the action ring is 10-30 degrees, which is beneficial to smoothly completing the cutting action of the prepreg filaments.
3. The operation method of the prepreg thread conveying and cutting function integrated device in the 3D printing process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in actual operation, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the 3D printing process, when encountering a fiber cutting point, the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) rotates to enable the cutter groove (16) to be close to the auxiliary wheel (8), at the moment, the steering engine (9) is in a braking state, the auxiliary wheel (8) is blocked and cannot rotate, the outer edge of the cutter groove (16) is matched with the auxiliary wheel (8), and the prepreg filaments (1) are cut off;
step 2: after the prepreg wire (1) is sheared, in order to prevent the prepreg wire (1) from being drawn back, the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) rotates to enable the wire stopping wheel (15) to be close to the auxiliary wheel (8), at the moment, the steering engine (9) is still in a braking state, and the positions of the wire stopping wheel (15) are controlled by the current magnitude and the direction on the second electromagnet (13) and the third electromagnet (14) to enable the second electromagnet to be tightly attached to the auxiliary wheel (8) and clamp the prepreg wire (1), so that the prepreg wire (1) is in a wire stopping state;
step 3: when the next printing position is reached, the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) rotates to enable the wire feeding wheel (10) to be close to the auxiliary wheel (8), at the moment, the steering engine (9) is in a running state, the current magnitude and the direction on the first electromagnet (11) and the second electromagnet (13) are adjusted to control the position of the wire feeding wheel (10), the wire feeding wheel and the auxiliary wheel (8) are tightly attached to each other and clamp the prepreg wire (1), and the prepreg wire (1) is taken out by the cooperative rotation of the wire feeding wheel (10) and the auxiliary wheel (8);
step 4: when the prepreg filaments (1) are fed out and continue to be printed, the multifunctional integrated action ring (12) rotates to enable the filament passing channel (17) to be opposite to the auxiliary wheel (8), at the moment, the steering engine (9) is in a braking state, and the prepreg filaments (1) are printed through passive filament feeding;
step 5: repeating the steps 1-4.
CN202211334824.3A 2022-10-28 2022-10-28 3D printing prepreg wire conveying and cutting function integrated device and operation method Active CN115816829B (en)

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CN115816829B true CN115816829B (en) 2024-02-23

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106624423A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-05-10 北京时代民芯科技有限公司 Device and method for manufacturing enhanced type welding columns
KR102100353B1 (en) * 2019-10-08 2020-04-13 주식회사 에스앤티 3D printer having printing head device
KR20210023938A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-03-04 정하익 Tube, pipe, hollow bodies, wave bodies, magnet, equipment, material, manufacture, construction, cleaning, work
CN113950388A (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-01-18 德瑞柯特金属3D有限公司 Multimode laser device for metal fabrication applications
CN114953438A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-30 南京航空航天大学 Nozzle-changeable printing head for continuous fiber printing and printing method

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11577469B2 (en) * 2017-08-10 2023-02-14 Shanghai Mi Fang Electronics Ltd. 3D printer

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106624423A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-05-10 北京时代民芯科技有限公司 Device and method for manufacturing enhanced type welding columns
CN113950388A (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-01-18 德瑞柯特金属3D有限公司 Multimode laser device for metal fabrication applications
KR102100353B1 (en) * 2019-10-08 2020-04-13 주식회사 에스앤티 3D printer having printing head device
KR20210023938A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-03-04 정하익 Tube, pipe, hollow bodies, wave bodies, magnet, equipment, material, manufacture, construction, cleaning, work
CN114953438A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-30 南京航空航天大学 Nozzle-changeable printing head for continuous fiber printing and printing method

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