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CN115808772A - Vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chip - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chip Download PDF

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CN115808772A
CN115808772A CN202211149851.3A CN202211149851A CN115808772A CN 115808772 A CN115808772 A CN 115808772A CN 202211149851 A CN202211149851 A CN 202211149851A CN 115808772 A CN115808772 A CN 115808772A
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objective lens
lens
vehicle
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CN115808772B (en
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常伟军
杨华梅
陈姣
李�一
腾国奇
张博
张峰
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Xian institute of Applied Optics
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Abstract

本发明属于车载成像镜头技术领域,公开了一种适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,包括由前方物侧至后方像侧同轴布置的:前组透镜、光阑、后组透镜、滤光片和成像面;所述前组透镜具有负的光焦度;后组透镜具有正的光焦度;光阑位于前组透镜和后组透镜之间,光阑通光孔中心位于光轴上;成像面位于后组透镜的后侧,滤光片位于后组透镜和成像面之间;前组透镜的组合焦距Fa和后组透镜的组合焦距Fb的值的比满足‑2≥Fa/Fb≥‑23;其中,Fa为前组透镜的组合焦距值,Fb为后组透镜的组合焦距值。本发明提高了整组镜头的解像能力。同时镜头的长度和口径也得到了有效控制,利用小口径镜头实现了大靶面高清成像。

Figure 202211149851

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted imaging lenses, and discloses a vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips, including coaxially arranged from the front object side to the rear image side: a front group lens, a diaphragm, a rear group lens, a light filter film and imaging surface; the front group lens has negative refractive power; the rear group lens has positive refractive power; the diaphragm is located between the front group lens and the rear group lens, and the center of the aperture through the diaphragm is located on the optical axis ; The imaging surface is positioned at the rear side of the rear group lens, and the optical filter is positioned between the rear group lens and the imaging surface; the ratio of the combined focal length Fa of the front group lens and the value of the combined focal length Fb of the rear group lens satisfies -2≥Fa/Fb ≥‑23; Among them, Fa is the combined focal length value of the front lens group, and Fb is the combined focal length value of the rear lens group. The invention improves the resolution capability of the whole group of lenses. At the same time, the length and aperture of the lens have also been effectively controlled, and the use of a small aperture lens has achieved high-definition imaging of a large target surface.

Figure 202211149851

Description

一种适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统A vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips

技术领域technical field

本发明属于车载成像镜头技术领域,涉及一种适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted imaging lenses, and relates to a vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips.

背景技术Background technique

近年来,随着人们对车辆安全驾驶的需求增加,车载镜头得到了迅速发展,车载镜头的用途由提供车厢内外环境监控向先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)发展。现有车载镜头,其影像清晰度不够,图像对比度差,不能满足现在人们对安全驾驶的需求。在ADAS系统中,以影像为基础的辅助驾驶系统是其核心技术,故开发高分辨率和对比度的车载镜头成为ADAS系统发展的关键技术。In recent years, as people's demand for safe driving of vehicles has increased, vehicle-mounted cameras have developed rapidly. The use of vehicle-mounted cameras has evolved from providing environmental monitoring inside and outside the car to advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The existing vehicle-mounted lens has insufficient image clarity and poor image contrast, which cannot meet people's needs for safe driving. In the ADAS system, the image-based assisted driving system is its core technology, so the development of high-resolution and contrast vehicle-mounted lenses has become a key technology for the development of the ADAS system.

国内多家车载镜头开发公司均有车载镜头的专利及报告,但与ADAS系统相关的有宁波舜宇车载光学技术有限公司和江西联创电子有限公司。江西联创电子有限公司专利201810771948.5中公开了一款车载镜头,其视场角大于160°,焦距f'=1.28mm,F数=2.8,光学总长TTL=12.5mm,该设计具有视场大、焦距短和F数大的特点,必然导致存在空间分辨率低和图像像面照度低的缺点,无法提供高分辨率和对比度的图像。宁波舜宇车载光学技术有限公司专利200920122166.5中,公开了一种百万像素大孔径车载前视镜头,其视场角为100°,焦距f'=6.3mm,F数=1.62,光学总长TTL=24mm,相比于专利201810771948.5,其设计焦距增大的同时空间分辨率得到了大幅提升,F数的减小也提高了图像像面照度,但其视场角仅为100°,严重影响了成像范围,限制了其使用环境。Many domestic vehicle lens development companies have patents and reports on vehicle lenses, but Ningbo Sunny Vehicle Optical Technology Co., Ltd. and Jiangxi Lianchuang Electronics Co., Ltd. are related to ADAS systems. Jiangxi Lianchuang Electronics Co., Ltd. patent 201810771948.5 discloses a vehicle-mounted lens with a field of view greater than 160°, focal length f'=1.28mm, F number=2.8, and total optical length TTL=12.5mm. This design has a large field of view, The characteristics of short focal length and large F number will inevitably lead to the disadvantages of low spatial resolution and low illumination of the image plane, which cannot provide images with high resolution and contrast. In the patent 200920122166.5 of Ningbo Sunny Vehicle Optics Technology Co., Ltd., a large-aperture vehicle-mounted front-view lens with megapixels is disclosed. 24mm, compared with the patent 201810771948.5, its design focal length has been increased and the spatial resolution has been greatly improved, and the reduction of the F number has also improved the image surface illumination, but its field of view is only 100°, which seriously affects the imaging Scope, which limits its use environment.

发明内容Contents of the invention

(一)发明目的(1) Purpose of the invention

本发明的目的是:针对现有车载镜头影像清晰度不够,图像对比度差等问题,提供一种适用于8MP芯片的高清成像的车载镜头光学系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lens optical system suitable for high-definition imaging of an 8MP chip for the problems of insufficient image definition and poor image contrast of the existing vehicle lens.

(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution

为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其包括由前方物侧至后方像侧同轴布置的:前组透镜1、光阑2、后组透镜3、滤光片4和成像面5;所述前组透镜1具有负的光焦度;后组透镜3具有正的光焦度;光阑2位于前组透镜1和后组透镜3之间,光阑2通光孔中心位于光轴上;成像面5位于后组透镜3的后侧,滤光片4位于后组透镜3和成像面5之间;前组透镜1的组合焦距Fa和后组透镜3的组合焦距Fb的值的比满足-2≥Fa/Fb≥-23;其中,Fa为前组透镜1的组合焦距值,Fb为后组透镜3的组合焦距值。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips, which includes coaxial arrangements from the front object side to the rear image side: a front group lens 1, a diaphragm 2, a rear group lens 3, Optical filter 4 and imaging surface 5; Described front group lens 1 has negative refractive power; Back group lens 3 has positive refractive power; Diaphragm 2 is positioned between front group lens 1 and rear group lens 3, light The center of the aperture 2 is located on the optical axis; the imaging surface 5 is located at the rear side of the rear group lens 3, and the optical filter 4 is located between the rear group lens 3 and the imaging surface 5; the combined focal length Fa of the front group lens 1 and the rear group lens The value ratio of the combined focal length Fb of the lens 3 satisfies -2≥Fa/Fb≥-23; wherein, Fa is the combined focal length value of the front group lens 1, and Fb is the combined focal length value of the rear group lens 3.

其中,所述前组透镜1由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜一1-1、物镜二1-2和物镜三1-3;物镜一1-1,具有负的光焦度,且物镜一前表面为凸面;物镜二1-2,具有负的光焦度,且物镜二前表面为凹面;物镜三1-3,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜。Wherein, the front group lens 1 comprises in turn from the object side to the image side: objective lens one 1-1, objective lens two 1-2 and objective lens three 1-3; objective lens one 1-1 has negative refractive power, and the objective lens The front surface of the first lens is convex; the second objective lens 1-2 has negative refractive power, and the front surface of the second objective lens is concave; the third objective lens 1-3 has positive optical power and is a biconvex lens.

其中,所述后组透镜3由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2、物镜六3-3和物镜七3-4;物镜四3-1,具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜,物镜四后表面为凸面;物镜五3-2,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六3-3具有负的光焦度,是一个胶合镜,由物镜六正透镜3-3a和物镜六负透镜3-3b胶合组成;物镜六正透镜3-3a,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六负透镜3-3b,具有负的光焦度,是一个双凹透镜;物镜七3-4,具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜,物镜七前表面为凸面。Wherein, described back group lens 3 comprises successively from object side to image side: objective lens four 3-1, objective lens five 3-2, objective lens six 3-3 and objective lens seven 3-4; Objective lens four 3-1, have positive The focal power is a meniscus lens, and the rear surface of the objective lens four is convex; the objective lens five 3-2 has positive refractive power and is a biconvex lens; the objective lens six 3-3 has negative refractive power and is a cemented The mirror is made up of six positive lenses 3-3a of the objective lens and six negative lenses 3-3b of the objective lens; the six positive lenses 3-3a of the objective lens have positive refractive power and are a biconvex lens; the six negative lenses 3-3b of the objective lens have The negative refractive power is a biconcave lens; the objective lens 3-4 has positive refractive power and is a meniscus lens, and the front surface of the objective lens 7 is convex.

(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects

上述技术方案所提供的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,具有以下有益效果:The vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips provided by the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

(1)可实现高清成像,适用于8MP芯片。该系统采用球面透镜和非球面透镜相结合的方式,光学系统在具有小F数大光圈的同时,提供了特殊形式的色差与畸变,保证了水平120°视场内的像面照度,提高了整组镜头的解像能力;同时镜头的长度和口径也得到了有效控制,利用小口径镜头实现了大靶面高清成像。(1) It can realize high-definition imaging and is suitable for 8MP chips. The system adopts the combination of spherical lens and aspheric lens. While the optical system has a small F number and large aperture, it provides a special form of chromatic aberration and distortion, which ensures the image plane illumination in the horizontal 120° field of view and improves the image quality. The resolution capability of the entire group of lenses; at the same time, the length and aperture of the lens have also been effectively controlled, and the use of a small aperture lens has achieved high-definition imaging of a large target surface.

(2)在设计过程中考虑了材料的膨胀系数和稳定性等性能,引入了无热化设计思想,通过光学材料与结构材料的匹配,实现了光机无热化设计,保证了系统在-40℃~115℃温差范围内的成像质量,可满足不同使用环境的需求。(2) In the design process, the expansion coefficient and stability of the material were considered, and the idea of athermalization design was introduced. Through the matching of optical materials and structural materials, the optical-mechanical athermalization design was realized, ensuring the system in- The imaging quality within the temperature range of 40℃~115℃ can meet the needs of different use environments.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一个实施例中车载镜头的组成及光路示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition and optical path of a vehicle-mounted lens in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是本发明一个具体实施例中车载镜头的调制传递函数特性曲线图。Fig. 2 is a characteristic curve diagram of the modulation transfer function of the vehicle-mounted lens in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

图3是本发明一个具体实施例中车载镜头的畸变特性曲线图。Fig. 3 is a graph showing distortion characteristics of a vehicle-mounted lens in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

图4是本发明一个具体实施例中车载镜头的轴向色差曲线图。Fig. 4 is a graph of axial chromatic aberration of a vehicle-mounted lens in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

图5是本发明一个具体实施例中车载镜头的垂轴色差曲线图。Fig. 5 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration graph of a vehicle lens in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

图6是本发明一个具体实施例中车载镜头的相对照度曲线图。Fig. 6 is a graph of the relative illuminance of the vehicle lens in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

其中:前组透镜1、物镜一1-1、物镜二1-2、物镜三1-3、光阑2、后组透镜3、物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2、物镜六3-3、物镜七3-4、滤光片4、成像面5;物镜一前表面S1、物镜一后表面S2、物镜二前表面S3、物镜二后表面S4、物镜三前表面S5、物镜三后表面S6、物镜四前表面S7、物镜四后表面S8、物镜五前表面S9、物镜五后表面S10、物镜六前表面S11、物镜六胶合面S12、物镜六后表面S13、物镜七前表面S14、物镜七后表面S15、滤光片前表面S16、滤光片后表面S17。Among them: front group lens 1, objective lens one 1-1, objective lens two 1-2, objective lens three 1-3, diaphragm 2, rear group lens 3, objective lens four 3-1, objective lens five 3-2, objective lens six 3- 3, objective lens seven 3-4, optical filter 4, imaging surface 5; objective lens one front surface S1, objective lens one rear surface S2, objective lens two front surface S3, objective lens two rear surface S4, objective lens three front surface S5, objective lens three rear Surface S6, objective lens 4 front surface S7, objective lens 4 rear surface S8, objective lens 5 front surface S9, objective lens 5 rear surface S10, objective lens 6 front surface S11, objective lens 6 glued surface S12, objective lens 6 rear surface S13, objective lens 7 front surface S14 , The rear surface S15 of the objective lens seven, the front surface S16 of the optical filter, and the rear surface S17 of the optical filter.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、内容和优点更加清楚,下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

如图1所示,本实施例的车载镜头光学系统包括前组透镜1、光阑2、后组透镜3、滤光片4和成像面5。所述前组透镜1具有负的光焦度;后组透镜3具有正的光焦度;光阑2位于前组透镜1和后组透镜3之间,光阑2通光孔中心位于光轴上;成像面5位于后组透镜3远离光阑2和前组透镜1的一侧,滤光片4位于后组透镜3和成像面5之间。As shown in FIG. 1 , the vehicle-mounted lens optical system of this embodiment includes a front group lens 1 , a diaphragm 2 , a rear group lens 3 , a filter 4 and an imaging surface 5 . The front group lens 1 has negative refractive power; the rear group lens 3 has positive refractive power; the diaphragm 2 is located between the front group lens 1 and the rear group lens 3, and the center of the aperture of the diaphragm 2 is located on the optical axis Above; the imaging surface 5 is located on the side of the rear group lens 3 away from the diaphragm 2 and the front group lens 1 , and the filter 4 is located between the rear group lens 3 and the imaging surface 5 .

为了描述方便,前组透镜1和后组透镜3中,各透镜的前表面和后表面分别用物镜一前表面S1、物镜一后表面S2、物镜二前表面S3、物镜二后表面S4、物镜三前表面S5、物镜三后表面S6、物镜四前表面S7、物镜四后表面S8、物镜五前表面S9、物镜五后表面S10、物镜六前表面S11、物镜六胶合面S12、物镜六后表面S13、物镜七前表面S14、物镜七后表面S15、滤光片前表面S16、滤光片后表面S17表述。For convenience of description, in the front group lens 1 and the rear group lens 3, the front surface and the rear surface of each lens are respectively with object lens one front surface S1, object lens one rear surface S2, object lens two front surfaces S3, object lens two rear surfaces S4, object lens Three front surfaces S5, objective lens three rear surfaces S6, objective lens four front surfaces S7, objective lens four rear surfaces S8, objective lens five front surfaces S9, objective lens five rear surfaces S10, objective lens six front surfaces S11, objective lens six glued surfaces S12, objective lens six rear surfaces Surface S13, front surface S14 of objective lens seven, rear surface S15 of objective lens seven, front surface S16 of optical filter, rear surface S17 of optical filter.

前组透镜的组合焦距Fa和后组透镜的组合焦距Fb的值的比满足-2≥Fa/Fb≥-23;其中,Fa为前组透镜的组合焦距值,Fb为后组透镜的组合焦距值。基于该焦距比值,该车载镜头具有F数小,影像清晰,且水平视场大于等于120°的特点。The ratio of the combined focal length Fa of the front group lens to the combined focal length Fb of the rear group lens satisfies -2≥Fa/Fb≥-23; where Fa is the combined focal length value of the front group lens, and Fb is the combined focal length of the rear group lens value. Based on the focal length ratio, the vehicle lens has the characteristics of small F number, clear image, and horizontal field of view greater than or equal to 120°.

上述车载镜头,前组透镜1由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜一1-1、物镜二1-2和物镜三1-3;物镜一1-1,具有负的光焦度,且物镜一前表S1为凸面;物镜二1-2,具有负的光焦度,且物镜二前表面S3为凹面;物镜三1-3,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜。成像光束进入前组透镜1之后,依次经过物镜一1-1、物镜二1-2和物镜三1-3。Above-mentioned vehicle-mounted lens, front group lens 1 comprises successively from object side to image side: objective lens one 1-1, objective lens two 1-2 and objective lens three 1-3; Objective lens one 1-1 has negative refractive power, and objective lens The first front surface S1 is convex; the second objective lens 1-2 has negative refractive power, and the front surface S3 of the second objective lens is concave; the third objective lens 1-3 has positive refractive power and is a biconvex lens. After the imaging light beam enters the front group lens 1, it passes through the objective lens one 1-1, the objective lens two 1-2 and the objective lens three 1-3 in sequence.

本实施例中,所述车载镜头的前组透镜1的组成元件还应满足以下条件:In this embodiment, the components of the front group lens 1 of the vehicle-mounted lens should also meet the following conditions:

所述物镜一1-1还满足:N1≥1.7,V1≤50;其中N1为物镜一1-1的折射率,V1为物镜一1-1的阿贝数;The objective lens 1-1 also satisfies: N1≥1.7, V1≤50; wherein N1 is the refractive index of the objective lens 1-1, and V1 is the Abbe number of the objective lens 1-1;

所述物镜二1-2还满足:N2≥1.7,V2≤50;其中N2为物镜二1-2的折射率,V2为物镜二1-2的阿贝数;The objective lens 1-2 also satisfies: N2≥1.7, V2≤50; wherein N2 is the refractive index of the objective lens 1-2, and V2 is the Abbe number of the objective lens 1-2;

所述物镜三1-3还满足:N3≥1.7,V3≤50;其中N3为物镜三1-3的折射率,V3为物镜三1-3的阿贝数。The objective lens 3 1-3 also satisfies: N3≥1.7, V3≤50; where N3 is the refractive index of the objective lens 3 1-3, and V3 is the Abbe number of the objective lens 3 1-3.

上述车载镜头,后组透镜3由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2、物镜六3-3和物镜七3-4;物镜四3-1,具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜,物镜四后表面S8为凸面;物镜五3-2,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六3-3具有负的光焦度,是一个胶合镜,由物镜六正透镜3-3a和物镜六负透镜3-3b组成;物镜六正透镜3-3a,具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六负透镜3-3b,具有负的光焦度,是一个双凹透镜;物镜七3-4,具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜物镜七前表面S14为凸面。成像光束进入后组透镜3,依次经过物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2、物镜六3-3和物镜七3-4。Above-mentioned vehicle lens, rear group lens 3 comprises successively from object side to image side: objective lens four 3-1, objective lens five 3-2, objective lens six 3-3 and objective lens seven 3-4; Objective lens four 3-1, have positive The optical power is a meniscus lens, and the rear surface S8 of the objective lens four is a convex surface; the objective lens five 3-2 has a positive optical power, and is a biconvex lens; the objective lens six 3-3 has a negative optical power, and is a Cemented mirror, is made up of objective lens six positive lenses 3-3a and objective lens six negative lenses 3-3b; Objective lens six positive lenses 3-3a, has positive refractive power, is a biconvex lens; Objective lens six negative lenses 3-3b, have Negative refractive power is a biconcave lens; objective lens 7 3-4 has positive refractive power and is a meniscus lens. The front surface S14 of objective lens 7 is convex. The imaging light beam enters the rear group lens 3, and passes through the objective lens four 3-1, the objective lens five 3-2, the objective lens six 3-3 and the objective lens seven 3-4 in sequence.

本实施例中,所述车载镜头的后组透镜3的组成元件还应满足以下条件:In this embodiment, the constituent elements of the rear group lens 3 of the vehicle-mounted lens should also meet the following conditions:

所述物镜四3-1还满足:N4≤1.6,V4≥70;其中N4为物镜四3-1的折射率,V4为物镜四3-1的阿贝数;The objective lens 4 3-1 also satisfies: N4≤1.6, V4≥70; wherein N4 is the refractive index of the objective lens 4 3-1, and V4 is the Abbe number of the objective lens 4 3-1;

所述物镜五3-2还满足:N5≥1.7,V5≤50;其中N5为物镜五3-2的折射率,V5为物镜五3-2的阿贝数;The objective lens five 3-2 also satisfies: N5≥1.7, V5≤50; wherein N5 is the refractive index of the objective lens five 3-2, and V5 is the Abbe number of the objective lens five 3-2;

所述物镜六正透镜3-3a还满足:N正≥1.7,V正≤50;其中N正为物镜六正透镜3-3a的折射率,V正为物镜六正透镜3-3a的阿贝数;物镜六负透镜3-3b还满足:N负≥1.7,V负≤50;其中N正为物镜六负透镜3-3b的折射率,V正为物镜六负透镜3-3b的阿贝数;The objective six positive lens 3-3a also satisfies: N positive ≥ 1.7, V positive ≤ 50; wherein N positive is the refractive index of the objective six positive lens 3-3a, V positive is the Abbe of the objective six positive lens 3-3a number; objective lens six negative lenses 3-3b also meet: N negative ≥ 1.7, V negative ≤ 50; wherein N is positive the refractive index of objective lens six negative lenses 3-3b, and V is positive Abbe of objective lens six negative lenses 3-3b number;

所述物镜七3-4还满足:N7≥1.7,V7≤50;其中N7为物镜七3-4的折射率,V7为物镜七3-4的阿贝数。The objective lens 7 3-4 also satisfies: N7≥1.7, V7≤50; where N7 is the refractive index of the objective lens 7 3-4, and V7 is the Abbe number of the objective lens 7 3-4.

本实施例中,车载透镜的前组透镜1的组成元件采用同轴设计;其后组透镜3的组成元件采用同轴设计;与此同时,前组透镜1、光阑2与后组透镜3也采用同轴设计。In this embodiment, the components of the front group lens 1 of the vehicle-mounted lens adopt a coaxial design; the components of the rear group lens 3 adopt a coaxial design; Coaxial design is also used.

本实施例中,所述车载镜头还需满足以下条件:35mm≥TTL≥20mm;其中,所述TTL表示所述车载镜头从前组透镜1至所述像面5的垂直距离,也就是车载镜头的光学总长度。In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted lens also needs to meet the following conditions: 35mm≥TTL≥20mm; wherein, the TTL represents the vertical distance of the vehicle-mounted lens from the front group lens 1 to the image plane 5, that is, the vertical distance of the vehicle-mounted lens Optical total length.

本实施例中车载镜头的物镜二1-2和物镜七3-4为非球面透镜,且任一非球面满足以下公式:In the present embodiment, the objective lens two 1-2 and the objective lens seven 3-4 of the vehicle-mounted lens are aspheric lenses, and any aspheric surface satisfies the following formula:

Figure BDA0003855877140000061
Figure BDA0003855877140000061

其中,Z为非球面沿光轴方向在通光口径半径y位置时的失高,也就是口径半径为y位置距离非球面顶点的轴向距离;R为中心球面的曲率半径;K为二次曲面系数;A、B、C、D分别为高次非球面系数。Among them, Z is the height loss of the aspheric surface along the optical axis at the position of the radius y of the clear aperture, that is, the axial distance from the y position of the aperture radius to the apex of the aspheric surface; R is the curvature radius of the central spherical surface; K is the quadratic Surface coefficient; A, B, C, D are high-order aspheric coefficients respectively.

本实施例中的车载镜头,物镜一1-1选用化学特性好和耐腐蚀性强的冕牌材料,可以提高车载镜头的防砂石和盐雾等恶劣环境的适应性,物镜二1-2和物镜七3-4选用低软化的模压材料,物镜三1-3、物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2和物镜六3-3选用玻璃材料,全玻璃的设计可以减小像面漂移、提高车载镜头的温度适应性。In the vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment, objective lens one 1-1 selects the crown material with good chemical properties and strong corrosion resistance, which can improve the adaptability of the vehicle-mounted lens in harsh environments such as sand and stone and salt spray. Objective lens two 1-2 and objective lens Seven 3-4 selects low-softening molded materials, objective lens three 1-3, objective lens four 3-1, objective lens five 3-2 and objective lens six 3-3 use glass materials, and the design of all glass can reduce image plane drift and improve Temperature adaptability of vehicle lens.

本实施例中的滤光片4,位于所述后组透镜3和所述成像面5之间。滤光片4用于控制光辐射的透过光谱宽度,截止非成像光谱,可提高像面的对比度。成像宽光谱经过前组物镜1、光阑2、后组物镜3之后进入滤光片4,从滤光片4出来的成像光谱会聚到像面5上。The optical filter 4 in this embodiment is located between the rear group lens 3 and the imaging surface 5 . The filter 4 is used to control the transmission spectrum width of the light radiation, cut off the non-imaging spectrum, and improve the contrast of the image plane. The imaging broad spectrum passes through the front group objective lens 1, the diaphragm 2, and the rear group objective lens 3, and then enters the filter 4, and the imaging spectrum coming out of the filter 4 converges on the image plane 5.

在本发明的一个实施例中,物镜一1-1、物镜二1-2、物镜三1-3、光阑2、物镜四3-1、物镜五3-2、物镜六3-3和物镜七3-4各个侧面的曲率半径r、中心厚度d、折射率N和阿贝数V满足下表:In one embodiment of the present invention, objective lens one 1-1, objective lens two 1-2, objective lens three 1-3, diaphragm 2, objective lens four 3-1, objective lens five 3-2, objective lens six 3-3 and objective lens 7.3-4 The radius of curvature r, central thickness d, refractive index N and Abbe number V of each side meet the following table:

Figure BDA0003855877140000062
Figure BDA0003855877140000062

Figure BDA0003855877140000071
Figure BDA0003855877140000071

其中物镜二1-2的前表面S3和后表面S4,物镜七3-4的前表面S14和后表面S15为非球面,其二次曲面系数K,高次非球面系数A、B、C、D如下表所示:Wherein the front surface S3 and the rear surface S4 of the objective lens two 1-2, the front surface S14 and the rear surface S15 of the objective lens seven 3-4 are aspherical surfaces, and its quadric surface coefficient K, high-order aspheric surface coefficients A, B, C, D is shown in the table below:

Figure BDA0003855877140000072
Figure BDA0003855877140000072

Figure BDA0003855877140000081
Figure BDA0003855877140000081

在本实施例中,满足上述条件的车载镜头其焦距值f’=3.6,F数=1.6,从前组透镜到像面的光学总长TTL=30mm。In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted lens that satisfies the above conditions has a focal length of f'=3.6, an F-number=1.6, and a total optical length TTL from the front lens group to the image plane=30mm.

对本实施例中的车载镜头进行光学性能仿真,其调制传递函数特性曲线如图2所示,畸变特性曲线如图3所示,垂轴色差曲线如图4所示,轴向色差曲线如图5所示,相对照度曲线如图6所示。The optical performance simulation of the vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment is carried out, and its modulation transfer function characteristic curve is shown in Figure 2, the distortion characteristic curve is shown in Figure 3, the vertical axis chromatic aberration curve is shown in Figure 4, and the axial chromatic aberration curve is shown in Figure 5 As shown, the relative illuminance curve is shown in Figure 6.

图2为本实施例中的车载镜头的光学传递函数曲线,横坐标为空间频率,单位为lp/mm,纵坐标为像点与物点的调制度。曲线F1:Diff.Limit为该车载镜头的衍射极限,也是极限分辨率;视场角为0°时的轴上光对应的传递函数曲线为F1,F2、F3、F4、F5、F6为轴外视场对应的传递函数曲线,F2对应的视场角为30°,F3对应的视场角为36°,F4对应的视场角为50°,F5对应的视场角为50°,F6对应的视场角为61.7°。从图2可以看出在空间频率85lp/mm处,该实施例中光学传递函数的衍射极限接近0.9,轴上视场的光学传递函数>0.8,最大视场的光学传递函数>0.73,全视场的光学传递函数均在0.73~0.8之间,接近衍射极限。Fig. 2 is the optical transfer function curve of the vehicle lens in this embodiment, the abscissa is the spatial frequency, the unit is lp/mm, and the ordinate is the modulation degree of the image point and the object point. Curve F1: Diff.Limit is the diffraction limit of the vehicle lens, which is also the limit resolution; the transfer function curve corresponding to the on-axis light when the field of view is 0° is F1, and F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6 are off-axis The transfer function curve corresponding to the field of view, F2 corresponds to a field of view of 30°, F3 corresponds to a field of view of 36°, F4 corresponds to a field of view of 50°, F5 corresponds to a field of view of 50°, and F6 corresponds to The field of view is 61.7°. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that at a spatial frequency of 85 lp/mm, the diffraction limit of the optical transfer function in this embodiment is close to 0.9, the optical transfer function of the on-axis field of view>0.8, the optical transfer function of the largest field of view>0.73, and full view The optical transfer functions of the fields are all between 0.73 and 0.8, close to the diffraction limit.

图3为本实施例中的车载镜头的光学畸变曲线,最大视场的光学畸变值为-0.44,符合大视场对畸变的要求。FIG. 3 is the optical distortion curve of the vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment, and the optical distortion value of the maximum field of view is -0.44, which meets the requirement for distortion of a large field of view.

图4为本实施例中的车载镜头的轴向色差曲线,横坐标为轴向球差,单位为mm,纵坐标为孔径,1表示归一化的最大孔径。图4中c曲线表示波长470nm的光在该车载镜头中的色球差,其中d曲线表示波长550nm的光在该车载镜头中的色球差,其中e曲线表示波长670nm的光在该车载镜头中的色球差,三个光谱的色球差在全口径范围走向一致,都得到了较好的控制。轴向色差为色球差的差值,最终其轴向色差都<0.013mm。Fig. 4 is the axial chromatic aberration curve of the vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment, the abscissa is the axial spherical aberration, the unit is mm, the ordinate is the aperture, and 1 represents the normalized maximum aperture. In Figure 4, the c curve represents the chromatic spherical aberration of the light with a wavelength of 470nm in the vehicle lens, wherein the d curve represents the chromatic spherical aberration of the light with a wavelength of 550nm in the vehicle lens, and the e curve represents the chromatic spherical aberration of the light with a wavelength of 670nm in the vehicle lens The chromospheric aberration in the three spectra is consistent in the full aperture range, and they are all under good control. Axial chromatic aberration is the difference of chromospheric aberration, and the final axial chromatic aberration is <0.013mm.

图5为本实施例中的车载镜头的垂轴色差曲线,横坐标为垂轴色球差,单位为mm,纵坐标为孔径,1表示归一化的最大孔径。图5中的a曲线为波长470nm与波长670nm的垂轴色差,b曲线为波长470nm与波长550nm的垂轴色差,在同一孔径处a曲线和b曲线的距离即为波长550nm与波长67nm的垂轴色差。从曲线4可以看出,最终其轴向色差均小于0.006mm。Fig. 5 is the vertical axis chromatic aberration curve of the vehicle lens in this embodiment, the abscissa is the vertical axis chromatic aberration, the unit is mm, the ordinate is the aperture, and 1 represents the normalized maximum aperture. Curve a in Figure 5 is the vertical axis chromatic aberration between wavelength 470nm and wavelength 670nm, and curve b is the vertical axis chromatic aberration between wavelength 470nm and wavelength 550nm. axial chromatic aberration. It can be seen from curve 4 that the final axial chromatic aberration is less than 0.006mm.

图6为本实施例中的车载镜头的相对照度曲线,横坐标为视场角,纵坐标为相对照度。相对照度用来评价像面亮度均匀性,是视场轴外视场相对轴上视场的比值。该实施例中的车载镜头在最大视场61.7°时相对照度为73%。FIG. 6 is the relative illuminance curve of the vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment, the abscissa is the field of view angle, and the ordinate is the relative illuminance. The relative illuminance is used to evaluate the brightness uniformity of the image plane, which is the ratio of the off-axis field of view to the on-axis field of view. The vehicle-mounted lens in this embodiment has a relative illuminance of 73% when the maximum field of view is 61.7°.

本实施例方案与201810771948.5中的技术相比,本发明焦距增大了,但F数却减小了,故其分辨率和相对照度都有了很大的提升;另外,与200920122166.5中的技术相比,虽然F数相当,但其视场角增大了,扩大了成像范围和使用环境。本实施例方案提供了一种图像清晰、图像对比度佳,且适用于8MP芯片高清成像的车载镜头。Compared with the technology in 201810771948.5, this embodiment scheme increases the focal length, but the F number decreases, so its resolution and relative illuminance have been greatly improved; in addition, it is similar to the technology in 200920122166.5 Although the F number is the same, the field of view is increased, which expands the imaging range and the use environment. The solution of this embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted lens with clear images, good image contrast, and suitable for high-definition imaging with an 8MP chip.

由上述技术方案可以看出,本发明车载镜头光学系统,采用球面与非球面相结合的方式,具有大光圈成像性能,并为镜头提供了特殊形式的色差与畸变,保证了水平120°视场内的像面照度,整组镜头的解像能力提高的同时,镜头的长度和口径也得到了有效控制,利用小口径镜头实现了大靶面成像;设计过程中考虑了材料的膨胀系数和稳定性等性能,引入了无热化设计思想,通过光学材料与结构材料的匹配,实现了光机无热化设计,保证了系统在-40℃~115℃温差范围内的成像质量,有效减小了像面偏移和图像质量下降的问题,可满足不同使用环境的需求。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the vehicle-mounted lens optical system of the present invention adopts the combination of spherical surface and aspheric surface, has large aperture imaging performance, and provides a special form of chromatic aberration and distortion for the lens, ensuring a horizontal 120° field of view While improving the resolution capability of the entire group of lenses, the length and aperture of the lens have also been effectively controlled, and the use of small aperture lenses has achieved large target surface imaging; the expansion coefficient and stability of materials have been considered during the design process. The athermalization design idea was introduced, and the optical-mechanical athermalization design was realized through the matching of optical materials and structural materials, which ensured the imaging quality of the system within the temperature range of -40°C to 115°C, and effectively reduced the It solves the problems of image plane offset and image quality degradation, and can meet the needs of different usage environments.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,包括由前方物侧至后方像侧同轴布置的:前组透镜(1)、光阑(2)、后组透镜(3)、滤光片(4)和成像面(5);所述前组透镜(1)具有负的光焦度;后组透镜(3)具有正的光焦度;光阑(2)位于前组透镜(1)和后组透镜(3)之间,光阑(2)通光孔中心位于光轴上;成像面(5)位于后组透镜(3)的后侧,滤光片(4)位于后组透镜(3)和成像面(5)之间;前组透镜(1)的组合焦距Fa和后组透镜(3)的组合焦距Fb的值的比满足-2≥Fa/Fb≥-23;其中,Fa为前组透镜(1)的组合焦距值,Fb为后组透镜(3)的组合焦距值。1. A vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips is characterized in that it comprises coaxially arranged from the front object side to the rear image side: front group lens (1), diaphragm (2), rear group lens (3 ), optical filter (4) and imaging surface (5); the front group lens (1) has a negative refractive power; the rear group lens (3) has a positive refractive power; the diaphragm (2) is located at the front Between the group lens (1) and the rear group lens (3), the center of the aperture of the diaphragm (2) is located on the optical axis; the imaging surface (5) is located at the rear side of the rear group lens (3), and the optical filter (4 ) between the rear group lens (3) and the imaging surface (5); the ratio of the combined focal length Fa of the front group lens (1) and the combined focal length Fb of the rear group lens (3) satisfies -2≥Fa/Fb≥ -23; wherein, Fa is the combined focal length value of the front group lens (1), and Fb is the combined focal length value of the rear group lens (3). 2.如权利要求1所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述前组透镜(1)由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜一(1-1)、物镜二(1-2)和物镜三(1-3);物镜一(1-1),具有负的光焦度,且物镜一前表面为凸面;物镜二(1-2),具有负的光焦度,且物镜二前表面为凹面;物镜三(1-3),具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜。2. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front group lens (1) comprises in turn from the object side to the image side: objective lens one (1-1), objective lens two (1-2) and objective lens three (1-3); objective lens one (1-1), has negative optical power, and the front surface of objective lens one is convex; objective lens two (1-2), has negative optical focus degree, and the front surface of the second objective lens is concave; the third objective lens (1-3) has positive refractive power and is a biconvex lens. 3.如权利要求2所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述物镜一(1-1)还满足:N1≥1.7,V1≤50;其中N1为物镜一(1-1)的折射率,V1为物镜一(1-1)的阿贝数;所述物镜二(1-2)还满足:N2≥1.7,V2≤50;其中N2为物镜二(1-2)的折射率,V2为物镜二(1-2)的阿贝数;所述物镜三(1-3)还满足:N3≥1.7,V3≤50;其中N3为物镜三(1-3)的折射率,V3为物镜三(1-3)的阿贝数。3. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 2, wherein said objective lens one (1-1) also satisfies: N1≥1.7, V1≤50; wherein N1 is objective lens one (1-1) -1) the refractive index, V1 is the Abbe number of objective lens one (1-1); said objective lens two (1-2) also meets: N2≥1.7, V2≤50; Wherein N2 is objective lens two (1-2 ), V2 is the Abbe number of objective lens two (1-2); said objective lens three (1-3) also satisfies: N3≥1.7, V3≤50; wherein N3 is objective lens three (1-3) Refractive index, V3 is the Abbe number of objective lens three (1-3). 4.如权利要求3所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述后组透镜(3)由物侧到像侧依次包括:物镜四(3-1)、物镜五(3-2)、物镜六(3-3)和物镜七(3-4);物镜四(3-1),具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜,物镜四后表面为凸面;物镜五(3-2),具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六(3-3)具有负的光焦度,是一个胶合镜,由物镜六正透镜(3-3a)和物镜六负透镜(3-3b)胶合组成;物镜六正透镜(3-3a),具有正的光焦度,是一个双凸透镜;物镜六负透镜(3-3b),具有负的光焦度,是一个双凹透镜;物镜七(3-4),具有正的光焦度,是一个弯月透镜,物镜七前表面为凸面。4. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rear group lens (3) comprises in turn from the object side to the image side: objective lens four (3-1), objective lens five (3-2), objective lens six (3-3) and objective lens seven (3-4); Objective lens four (3-1), has positive refractive power, is a meniscus lens, and objective lens four rear surfaces are convex surfaces; Objective lens five (3-2), has positive refractive power, is a biconvex lens; Objective lens six (3-3) has negative optical power, is a cemented lens, is made up of objective lens six positive lenses (3-3a) and Objective lens six negative lenses (3-3b) are cemented together; objective lens six positive lenses (3-3a) have positive refractive power and are a biconvex lens; objective lens six negative lenses (3-3b) have negative refractive power , is a biconcave lens; objective lens seven (3-4), has positive refractive power, is a meniscus lens, and the front surface of the objective lens seven is convex. 5.如权利要求4所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述物镜四(3-1)还满足:N4≤1.6,V4≥70;其中N4为物镜四(3-1)的折射率,V4为物镜四(3-1)的阿贝数;所述物镜五(3-2)还满足:N5≥1.7,V5≤50;其中N5为物镜五(3-2)的折射率,V5为物镜五(3-2)的阿贝数;所述物镜六正透镜(3-3a)还满足:N正≥1.7,V正≤50;其中N正为物镜六正透镜(3-3a)的折射率,V正为物镜六正透镜(3-3a)的阿贝数;物镜六负透镜(3-3b)还满足:N负≥1.7,V负≤50;其中N正为物镜六负透镜(3-3b)的折射率,V正为物镜六负透镜(3-3b)的阿贝数;所述物镜七(3-4)还满足:N7≥1.7,V7≤50;其中N7为物镜七(3-4)的折射率,V7为物镜七(3-4)的阿贝数。5. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 4, wherein said objective lens 4 (3-1) also satisfies: N4≤1.6, V4≥70; wherein N4 is objective lens 4 (3-1) -1) the refractive index, V4 is the Abbe number of objective lens four (3-1); said objective lens five (3-2) also meets: N5≥1.7, V5≤50; Wherein N5 is objective lens five (3-2 ), V5 is the Abbe number of the objective lens five (3-2); the objective lens six positive lens (3-3a) also satisfies: N positive ≥ 1.7, V positive ≤ 50; wherein N positive is the objective lens six positive The refractive index of the lens (3-3a), V positive is the Abbe number of the six positive lenses of the objective lens (3-3a); the six negative lenses of the objective lens (3-3b) also satisfy: N negative ≥ 1.7, V negative ≤ 50; wherein N positively is the refractive index of objective lens six negative lenses (3-3b), and V positively is the Abbe number of objective lens six negative lenses (3-3b); Described objective lens seven (3-4) also satisfies: N7≥1.7, V7 ≤50; where N7 is the refractive index of objective lens 7 (3-4), and V7 is the Abbe number of objective lens 7 (3-4). 6.如权利要求5所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述车载镜头光学系统满足:35mm≥TTL≥20mm;其中,TTL表示从前组透镜(1)至像面(5)的垂直距离,即车载镜头的光学总长度。6. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system suitable for 8MP chips as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vehicle-mounted lens optical system satisfies: 35mm≥TTL≥20mm; wherein, TTL means from the front group lens (1) to the image plane (5) The vertical distance, that is, the total optical length of the vehicle lens. 7.如权利要求6所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述车载镜头的物镜二(1-2)和物镜七(3-4)为非球面透镜,且任一非球面满足以下公式:7. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 6, wherein the objective lens two (1-2) and objective lens seven (3-4) of the vehicle-mounted lens are aspherical lenses, and any An aspheric surface satisfies the following formula:
Figure FDA0003855877130000021
Figure FDA0003855877130000021
其中,Z为非球面沿光轴方向在通光口径半径y位置时的失高,也就是口径半径为y位置距离非球面顶点的轴向距离;R为中心球面的曲率半径;K为二次曲面系数;A、B、C、D分别为高次非球面系数。Among them, Z is the height loss of the aspheric surface along the optical axis at the position of the radius y of the clear aperture, that is, the axial distance from the y position of the aperture radius to the apex of the aspheric surface; R is the curvature radius of the central spherical surface; K is the quadratic Surface coefficient; A, B, C, D are high-order aspheric coefficients respectively.
8.如权利要求7所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述物镜一(1-1)选用冕牌材料,物镜二(1-2)和物镜七(3-4)选用低软化的模压材料,物镜三(1-3)、物镜四(3-1)、物镜五(3-2)和物镜六(3-3)选用玻璃材料。8. the vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described objective lens one (1-1) selects crown material for use, objective lens two (1-2) and objective lens seven (3- 4) Low-softening molding materials are selected, and the objective lens three (1-3), the objective lens four (3-1), the objective lens five (3-2) and the objective lens six (3-3) use glass materials. 9.如权利要求8所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述物镜一(1-1)、物镜二(1-2)、物镜三(1-3)、光阑(2)、物镜四(3-1)、物镜五(3-2)、物镜六(3-3)和物镜七(3-4)各个侧面的曲率半径r、中心厚度d、折射率N和阿贝数V满足下表:9. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 8, wherein said objective lens one (1-1), objective lens two (1-2), objective lens three (1-3), light Radius of curvature r, central thickness d, and refractive index N of each side of diaphragm (2), objective lens four (3-1), objective lens five (3-2), objective lens six (3-3) and objective lens seven (3-4) and the Abbe number V satisfy the following table: 其中,前组透镜1和后组透镜3中,各透镜的前表面和后表面分别用物镜一前表面S1、物镜一后表面S2、物镜二前表面S3、物镜二后表面S4、物镜三前表面S5、物镜三后表面S6、物镜四前表面S7、物镜四后表面S8、物镜五前表面S9、物镜五后表面S10、物镜六前表面S11、物镜六胶合面S12、物镜六后表面S13、物镜七前表面S14、物镜七后表面S15表述;Wherein, in the front group lens 1 and the rear group lens 3, the front surface and the rear surface of each lens are respectively made of objective lens one front surface S1, objective lens one rear surface S2, objective lens two front surface S3, objective lens two rear surface S4, objective lens three front surfaces Surface S5, objective lens 3 rear surface S6, objective lens 4 front surface S7, objective lens 4 rear surface S8, objective lens 5 front surface S9, objective lens 5 rear surface S10, objective lens 6 front surface S11, objective lens 6 glued surface S12, objective lens 6 rear surface S13 , the representation of the front surface S14 of the objective lens 7 and the rear surface S15 of the objective lens 7;
Figure FDA0003855877130000031
Figure FDA0003855877130000031
Figure FDA0003855877130000041
Figure FDA0003855877130000041
10.如权利要求9所述的适用于8MP芯片的车载镜头光学系统,其特征在于,所述其中物镜二(1-2)的前表面S3和后表面S4,物镜七(3-4)的前表面S14和后表面S15为非球面,其二次曲面系数K,高次非球面系数A、B、C、D如下表所示:10. The vehicle-mounted lens optical system applicable to 8MP chips as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, the front surface S3 and the rear surface S4 of the objective lens two (1-2), the seven (3-4) of the objective lens The front surface S14 and the rear surface S15 are aspheric surfaces, and their quadric surface coefficient K, high-order aspheric surface coefficients A, B, C, and D are shown in the following table: 面序号Face number KK AA BB CC DD. S3S3 0.0360.036 0.001760.00176 0.00002250.0000225 S4S4 -11-11 0.000860.00086 0.00001250.0000125 S14S14 2.32.3 -0.00193-0.00193 -0.00004-0.00004 S15S15 33 -0.000766-0.000766 -0.000073-0.000073
.
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