CN115772119B - 一种n-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于有机化合物合成技术领域,公开了一种N‑杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法,包括以下步骤:采用巯基吡啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,或采用巯基嘧啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,或采用巯基苯并噻唑类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,以水为溶剂,在无催化剂、无碱条件下反应制备出N‑杂环硫醚类化合物,反应温度为25~50℃,反应时间为0.5~12h;所述卤代烃类化合物的结构式如下:
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化合物合成技术领域,涉及一种N-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法。
背景技术
N-杂环硫醚结构广泛存在于天然产物、药物活性分子中,表现出良好的抗菌、抗炎和抗癌活性。因此,近年来杂芳基硫醚的合成受到了化学家们的广泛关注。
目前虽发展了一些合成N-杂环硫醚方法,如:过渡金属催化的偶联反应(Top.Curr.Chem.2018,376:25;J.Org.Chem.2007,72,4978;Catal.Commun.2017,96,11)、硫转移反应(Org.Lett.2014,16,1212)、卤代烃和硫醇(酚)的亲核取代反应等。卤代烃和硫醇(酚)的亲核取代反应因具有所采用的试剂廉价易得、实验操作简单、反应结果稳定高效等诸多优点被广泛应用于实验室制备及工业化生产,但是目前已发展的亲核取代反应一般需化学计量的碱且需在乙腈、四氢呋喃等高毒、易燃的有机溶剂中才能顺利发生。如:1997年,Constable等人报道了N-杂环硫酚与卤代烃的亲核取代反应,但是反应需要在化学计量的氢氧化钠促进下才能顺利发生(J.Am.Chem.Soc.1997,119,5606);2008年,Bos报道了N-杂环硫酚与卤代烃的亲核取代反应,但是反应需要在化学计量的DBU促进下才能顺利发生(Org.Lett.2008,19,4219);2010年,Rioz-Martinez等人报道了N-杂环硫酚与卤代烃的亲核取代反应,但是反应需要使用危险的金属钠与甲醇原位生成甲醇钠(Eur.J.Org.Chem.2010,6409);2013年,Bryssaard等人报道了N-杂环硫酚与卤代烃的亲核取代反应,但是反应需要加入化学计量的三乙胺且需要高毒的乙腈作为反应溶剂(Inorg.Chem.2013,52,13160)。因此,发展更加简单高效的亲核取代反应新方法将具有重要的应用价值。但是,现有的研究方法主要是通过加入碱使N-杂环硫酚转变为亲核性更强的N-杂环硫酚负离子,进而参与亲核取代反应。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种N-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法,反应条件温和、无需使用化学计量的碱、无需使用有机溶剂,反应副产物更少,符合绿色化学的要求。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明提供一种N-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法,包括以下步骤:采用巯基吡啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,或采用巯基嘧啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,或采用巯基苯并噻唑类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,以水为溶剂,在无催化剂、无碱条件下反应制备出N-杂环硫醚类化合物,反应温度为25~50℃,反应时间为0.5~12h;所述卤代烃化合物的结构式如下:
其中:其中:R为氢、烷烃基、烯烃基、炔烃基、芳基、硝基苯基、氰基苯基、氰基、酰基、烷氧基,X为卤素,X为卤素。
优选地,所述巯基吡啶类化合物和卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53;巯基嘧啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53;巯基苯并噻唑类化合物与卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53。
优选地,所述巯基吡啶类化合物选自2-巯基吡啶、4-巯基吡啶、卤代-2-巯基吡啶、三氟甲基-2-巯基吡啶。
优选地,所述巯基嘧啶类化合物选自2-巯基嘧啶。
优选地,所述巯基苯并噻唑类化合物选自2-巯基苯并噻唑。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明研究中发现巯基吡啶类化合物、巯基嘧啶类化合物、巯基苯并噻唑类化合物可以互变异构成更具亲核性的硫代吡啶酮形式,进而提高了该试剂的亲核性,同时,利用水的氢键效应以及有机物固有的疏水效应进一步拉进反应物的空间距离,促进反应的高效发生,因此可以在不需外加碱的作用下直接与卤代烃类化合物发生亲核取代反应。同时该方法以水为溶剂,且产物收率大大提高,避免了有毒有机溶剂的使用。
与现有技术中合成方法相比,本发明原料廉价易得,反应条件温和、无需使用化学计量的碱、无需使用有机溶剂,反应副产物更少,符合绿色化学的要求,该方法对反应条件的要求较低,所得产物产率相对较高,与已知方法相比优势明显,具有潜在广泛的应用前景。该方法可以很容易放大到克级制备,产物产率仍相对较高,适于工业放大制备。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限定本发明的保护范围。若未特别指明,实施例中所用技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。下述实施例中的试验方法,如无特别说明,均为常规方法。
实施例1 2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为93%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.49–7.43(m,1H),7.41(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.30(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.26–7.21(m,1H),7.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.98(dd,J=7.8,6.6Hz,1H),4.45(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.9,149.5,138.0,136.1,129.1,128.6,127.2,122.2,119.7,34.6.。
实施例2 2-巯基吡啶与对硝基溴化苄合成2-吡啶-(4-硝基)苯甲基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入对硝基溴化苄(114.5mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为90%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),8.19–8.00(m,2H),7.56(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.54–7.42(m,1H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.05–6.98(m,1H),4.50(s,2H);13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ157.2,149.5,147.0,146.7,136.3,129.9,123.7,122.5,120.1,33.4.。
实施例3 2-巯基吡啶与对氰基溴化苄合成2-吡啶-(4-氰基)苯甲基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入对氰基溴化苄(103.9mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为94%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.50(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.48–7.45(m,1H),7.14(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.00(dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz,1H),4.45(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ157.4,149.5,144.5,136.3,132.3,129.8,122.4,120.1,118.9,110.9,33.7.HRMS(ESI)forC13H11N2S(M+H),Calcd.:227.0643,Found:227.0650.。
实施例4 2-巯基吡啶与2-氟溴苄合成2-吡啶-(2-氟)苯甲基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入2-氟溴苄(100.2mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为93%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.46(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,2H),7.22–7.18(m,1H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.06–7.01(m,2H),7.00–6.95(m,1H),4.48(s,2H);13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ161.1(d,J=247.0Hz),158.4(s),149.4(s),136.1(s),131.2(d,J=3.9Hz),128.9(d,J=8.1Hz),125.4(d,J=14.6Hz),124.1(d,J=3.7Hz),122.29(s),119.8(s),115.4(d,J=21.6Hz),27.4(d,J=2.7Hz).HRMS(ESI)for C12H11FNS(M+H),Calcd.:220.0596,Found:220.0583.。
实施例5 2-巯基吡啶与2-碘溴苄合成2-吡啶-(2-碘)苯甲基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入2-碘溴苄(157.4mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为82%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.47(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.53(dd,J=7.2,1.2Hz,1H),7.46(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.26–7.22(m,1H),7.15(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.99(dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz,1H),6.91(td,J=7.8,1.2Hz,1H),4.56(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.2,149.4,140.9,139.6,136.2,130.5,128.9,128.4,122.4,119.8,100.9,39.5.HRMS(ESI)for C12H11INS(M+H),Cal.:327.9657,Found:327.9678.。
实施例6 2-巯基吡啶与碘甲烷合成2-吡啶甲基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入碘甲烷(75.2mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为78%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.47(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.00–6.93(m,1H),2.55(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ149.5,135.9,121.6,119.2,13.3.。
实施例7 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正丁烷合成2-吡啶正丁基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正丁烷(72.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为85%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.45(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.94(dd,J=6.6,4.8Hz,1H),3.20–3.11(m,2H),1.72–1.66(m,2H),1.50–1.42(m,2H),0.93(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ159.7,149.5,135.9,122.2,119.2,31.5,29.9,22.2,13.8.。
实施例8 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正己烷合成2-吡啶正己基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正己烷(87.5mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h,TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为85%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(ddd,J=4.8,1.8,0.6Hz,1H),7.55–7.32(m,1H),7.15(dt,J=7.8,0.6Hz,1H),6.94(ddd,J=7.2,4.8,0.6Hz,1H),3.17–3.12(m,2H),1.72–1.64(m,2H),1.47–1.40(m,2H),1.32–1.27(m,4H),0.89–0.83(m,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ159.7,149.4,135.9,122.2,119.2,31.5,30.3,29.4,28.7,22.6,14.1.。
实施例9 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正辛烷合成2-吡啶正辛基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正辛烷(102.4mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为83%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.39(dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.93(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.17–3.11(m,2H),1.72–1.65(m,2H),1.45–1.39(m,2H),1.32–1.20(m,8H),0.85(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ159.7,149.4,135.9,122.2,119.2,31.9,30.2,29.5,29.3,29.1,22.7,14.2.。
实施例10 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正十二烷合成2-吡啶正十二烷基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正十二烷(132.1mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为82%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.41(dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.45(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.02–6.90(m,1H),3.25–2.96(m,2H),1.69(dt,J=15.0,7.2Hz,2H),1.43(dt,J=15.0,7.2Hz,2H),1.29–1.20(m,16H),0.87(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ159.7,149.4,135.9,122.3,119.2,32.0,30.3,29.74,29.72,29.69,29.61,29.44,29.39,29.30,29.1,22.8,14.2.。
实施例11 2-巯基吡啶与3-溴丙烯合成2-吡啶烯丙基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入3-溴丙烯(64.1mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为85%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42(ddd,J=4.8,1.8,0.6Hz,1H),7.55–7.37(m,1H),7.17(dt,J=7.8,0.6Hz,1H),6.97(ddd,J=7.2,4.8,0.6Hz,1H),5.96(ddt,J=16.8,10.2,6.6Hz,1H),5.28(ddd,J=16.8,2.4,1.2Hz,1H),5.10(ddd,J=10.2,2.4,1.2Hz,1H),3.95–3.71(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.7,149.5,136.0,133.9,122.4,119.6,117.6,33.1.。
实施例12 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代苯丙烯合成2-吡啶肉桂基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代苯丙烯(97.0mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为82%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.49–8.39(m,1H),7.52–8.42(m,1H),7.34(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.28(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.24–7.19(m,2H),7.00–6.96(m,1H),6.61(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),6.36–6.30(m,1H),4.06–3.91(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.6,149.6,137.0,136.1,132.8,128.6,127.6,126.4,125.4,122.5,119.6,32.8.。
实施例13 2-巯基吡啶与3-溴丙炔合成2-吡啶炔丙基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入3-溴丙炔(63.1mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为88%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.64–8.34(m,1H),7.54–7.48(m,1H),7.24–7.16(m,1H),7.02–7.00(m,1H),3.95(t,J=2.4Hz,2H),2.32–2.06(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ157.2,149.7,136.2,122.2,120.0,80.2,70.5,18.3.。
实施例14 2-巯基吡啶与2-溴苯乙酮合成1-苯基-(2-吡啶硫代)乙基酮
依次向10mL反应管内加入2-溴苯乙酮(105.5mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为97%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.31(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.59–7.54(m,1H),7.48–7.42(m,3H),7.25–7.16(m,1H),7.02–6.88(m,1H),4.68(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ194.6,157.0,149.3,136.21,136.18,133.4,128.7,128.6,122.3,119.9,37.2.。
实施例15 2-巯基吡啶与4-溴乙酰乙酸乙酯合成1-(2-吡啶硫代)乙酰乙酸乙酯
依次向10mL反应管内加入4-溴乙酰乙酸乙酯(110.8mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为95%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.34(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.48(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.99(dd,J=7.2,4.8Hz,1H),4.18(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.03(s,2H),3.68(s,2H),1.26(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ198.7,167.4,156.5,149.4,136.3,122.0,120.1,61.5,47.8,39.5,14.2.HRMS(ESI)for C11H14NO3S(M+H),Calcd.:240.0694,Found:240.0698.。
实施例16 2-巯基吡啶与氯乙腈合成2-(2-吡啶硫代)乙腈
依次向10mL反应管内加入氯乙腈(40.0mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为88%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.55–8.42(m,1H),7.61–7.47(m,1H),7.21(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.10–7.04(m,1H),4.00(s,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ154.2,149.8,136.7,122.3,120.8,117.3,15.3.。
实施例17 2-巯基吡啶与1-溴-2-甲氧基乙烷合成2-吡啶(乙氧基甲基)硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴-2-甲氧基乙烷(73.7mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为41%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.45(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.51(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.30(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.01(dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz,1H),5.35(s,2H),3.63(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.19(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.2,149.6,136.5,122.9,120.3,71.9,64.7,14.9.HRMS(ESI)for C8H12NOS(M+H),Calcd.:170.0640,Found:170.0658.。
实施例18 5-(三氟甲基)-2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-(5-三氟甲基吡啶)苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),5-(三氟甲基)-2-巯基吡啶(89.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为93%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.79–8.66(m,1H),7.65(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),7.44–7.39(m,2H),7.34–7.29(m,2H),7.28–7.20(m,2H),4.48(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ163.9,146.3(d,J=4.0Hz),137.4,132.7(d,J=2.7Hz),129.1,128.7,127.4,123.9(d,J=271.7Hz),122.5(q,J=33.1Hz),121.5,34.4.。
实施例19 5-溴-2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-(5-溴吡啶)苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),5-溴-2-巯基吡啶(95.0mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为87%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.54–8.48(m,1H),7.59–7.52(m,1H),7.39(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.29(s,3H),7.06–7.02(m,1H),4.40(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ157.6,150.3,138.6,137.7,129.1,128.6,127.3,123.3,116.3,34.7.。
实施例20 5-氯-2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-(5-氯吡啶)苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),5-氯-2-巯基吡啶(72.8mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为85%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.41(s,1H),7.45–7.40(m,1H),7.39(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.30(dd,J=7.2,6.6Hz,2H),7.26–7.21(m,1H),7.09(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.40(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ157.1,148.1,137.8,135.9,129.1,128.6,128.1,127.3,122.8,34.8.。
实施例21 2-巯基苯并噻唑与溴化苄合成2-苯并噻唑苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基苯并噻唑(83.6mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为95%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.89(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47–7.40(m,3H),7.35–7.26(m,4H),4.60(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ166.5,153.2,136.3,135.4,129.2,128.8,127.9,126.2,124.4,121.7,121.11,37.8.。
实施例22 4-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成4-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),4-巯基吡啶(55.5mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为89%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.36(dd,J=4.6,1.6Hz,2H),7.44–7.36(m,2H),7.35–7.30(m,2H),7.29–7.26(m,1H),7.11(dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz,2H),4.20(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ149.4,149.1,135.6,128.9,128.8,127.8,120.9,35.8.。
实施例23 2-巯基嘧啶与溴化苄合成2-嘧啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基嘧啶(56.0mg,0.50mmol)和H2O(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为58%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.51(d,J=4.8Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.311–7.286(m,2H),7.27–7.19(m,1H),6.96(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.41(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ172.3,157.3,137.5,129.2,128.6,127.3,116.7,35.4.。
实施例24 2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向100mL反应管内加入溴化苄(1806mg,10.6mmol),2-巯基吡啶(1112.0mg,10.0mmol)和H2O(10mL),置于25℃下搅拌1.0h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为93%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.49–7.43(m,1H),7.41(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.30(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.26–7.21(m,1H),7.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.98(dd,J=7.8,6.6Hz,1H),4.45(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.9,149.5,138.0,136.1,129.1,128.6,127.2,122.2,119.7,34.6.。
实施例25无溶剂下2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol)和2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示反应完全,将反应混合液用柱层析(乙酸乙酯/石油醚0/100~1/5作为洗脱剂)洗脱,旋干得到产物。产物分离收率为82%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.49–7.43(m,1H),7.41(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.30(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.26–7.21(m,1H),7.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.98(dd,J=7.8,6.6Hz,1H),4.45(s,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ158.9,149.5,138.0,136.1,129.1,128.6,127.2,122.2,119.7,34.6.。
实施例26甲苯溶剂中2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和甲苯(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示没有产物生成。
实施例27氯仿溶剂中2-巯基吡啶与溴化苄合成2-吡啶苄基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入溴化苄(90.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和氯仿(0.5mL),置于25℃下搅拌0.5h。TLC/GC-MS显示没有产物生成。
实施例28甲苯溶剂2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正丁烷合成2-吡啶正丁基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正丁烷(72.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和甲苯(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示显示没有产物生成。
实施例29氯仿溶剂2-巯基吡啶与1-溴代正丁烷合成2-吡啶正丁基硫醚
依次向10mL反应管内加入1-溴代正丁烷(72.6mg,0.53mmol),2-巯基吡啶(55.6mg,0.50mmol)和氯仿(0.5mL),置于50℃下搅拌6h。TLC/GC-MS显示显示没有产物生成。
以上所述之实施例,只是本发明的较佳实施例而已,仅仅用以解释本发明,并非限制本发明实施范围,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,当然可根据本说明书中所公开的技术内容,通过置换或改变的方式轻易做出其它的实施方式,故凡在本发明的原理上所作的变化和改进等,均应包括于本发明申请专利范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种N-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:采用巯基吡啶类化合物与卤代烃类化合物,或采用2-巯基嘧啶与卤代烃类化合物,或采用2-巯基苯并噻唑与卤代烃类化合物,以水为溶剂,在无催化剂、无碱条件下反应制备出N-杂环硫醚类化合物,反应温度为25~50℃,反应时间为0.5~12h;所述卤代烃类化合物的结构式如下:,其中:R为氢、烷烃基、烯烃基、炔烃基、苯基、硝基苯基、氰基苯基、氰基、烷氧基,X为卤素;所述巯基吡啶类化合物选自2-巯基吡啶、4-巯基吡啶、卤代-2-巯基吡啶、三氟甲基-2-巯基吡啶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种N-杂环硫醚类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述巯基吡啶类化合物和卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53;2-巯基嘧啶与卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53;2-巯基苯并噻唑与卤代烃类化合物的摩尔比为0.5:0.53。
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