CN115738921B - Tube type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of inlet and outlet multiple chambers of reactor - Google Patents
Tube type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of inlet and outlet multiple chambers of reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115738921B CN115738921B CN202211506123.3A CN202211506123A CN115738921B CN 115738921 B CN115738921 B CN 115738921B CN 202211506123 A CN202211506123 A CN 202211506123A CN 115738921 B CN115738921 B CN 115738921B
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- molten salt
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- fused salt
- maleic anhydride
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- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 245
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPYCVQASEGGKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class OC1CC(=O)OC1=O KPYCVQASEGGKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009988 textile finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical containers, and particularly relates to a tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with an inlet and an outlet of a reactor and a multi-chamber uniform cooling. The technical proposal is as follows: the utility model provides a multicavity room even refrigerated tubulation formula maleic anhydride reactor system is imported and exported to reactor, including oxidation reactor and a plurality of fused salt unit, the fused salt unit includes upper portion fused salt ring road, lower part fused salt ring road, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road set up in oxidation reactor's upper end, a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road set up in oxidation reactor's lower extreme, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road all distribute along oxidation reactor's axial, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road all communicate with oxidation reactor's shell side, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler all pass through the pipe connection between upper portion fused salt ring road and lower part fused salt ring road. The invention provides a tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled inlet and outlet multiple chambers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical containers, and particularly relates to a tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with an inlet and an outlet of a reactor and a multi-chamber uniform cooling.
Background
Maleic anhydride is also known as maleic anhydride, dehydrated malic anhydride, and maleic anhydride is known as chemical name. Maleic anhydride is an important organic chemical raw material, and is mainly used for producing unsaturated polyester and alkyd resin, and is also applied to the fields of pesticides, coatings, printing ink, lubricating oil additives, tartaric acid, succinic acid and anhydride, modified rosin, papermaking chemicals, textile finishing agents, surfactants and the like. At present, the technological route of maleic anhydride preparation by n-butane method is dominant in the global scope. The maleic anhydride produced by n-butane oxidation is a strong exothermic reaction, the existing maleic anhydride production device in China is limited by the removal of reaction exothermic energy, the production capacity of a single reactor is generally smaller, and the development direction is to increase the yield of the single reactor in face of the continuously growing maleic anhydride demand.
In a chemical industry chain device, a strong exothermic reaction often occurs in a reaction tube of a heat exchange type fixed bed tube reactor, reaction heat is timely taken away through a cooling medium in a shell side, a catalyst and the reaction tube are protected, the temperature at which the reaction occurs can be effectively regulated by controlling the temperature of the cooling medium, and a tube type fixed bed reactor is usually selected as an oxidation reactor for preparing maleic anhydride by n-butane. The shell-and-tube fixed bed reactor is formed by connecting a plurality of reaction tubes in parallel, and catalyst solid particles are generally filled in the tubes. When the reactor runs, the heat release of the reaction in the tube is severe, the working temperature of the catalyst is strictly limited, and if the temperature and the flow rate of the shell side cooling medium deviate greatly in the axial direction and the radial direction, the bed temperature in the central area of the reaction tube can be influenced, so that the selectivity of the product is influenced or the catalyst is damaged. Therefore, how to ensure a uniform flow of shell side cooling medium is critical to ensure the reactor operating capacity and yield.
Molten salt has the characteristics of large specific heat and stable state at high temperature, the prior maleic anhydride reaction device mostly adopts molten salt as a cooling medium at the shell side of the reactor, the viscosity of the molten salt is similar to that of water at the working temperature of the reactor, the specific gravity is about 1.8, the molten salt is fed into an annular flow channel at the lower part of the reactor through a single or two vertical axial flow pumps, the molten salt uniformly enters the reactor from the circumferential direction, flows into the upper annular flow channel through an opening of a barrel body at the upper part of the reactor after heat exchange, and then enters the molten salt pump for next circulation. This approach ensures uniformity of the molten salt distribution in the radial direction.
However, part of the openings on the reactor cylinder body are at a certain distance from the top or the bottom of the reactor cylinder body, and when molten salt enters from the openings, the space cannot be completely filled, so that a flow heat exchange dead zone is easy to occur on the axial height of the inlet and the outlet of the reactor. The occurrence of flow heat exchange dead zone can lead to local catalyst bed temperature increase, and catalyst failure is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled inlet and outlet multiple chambers.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a multicavity room even refrigerated tubulation formula maleic anhydride reactor system is imported and exported to reactor, including oxidation reactor and a plurality of fused salt unit, the fused salt unit includes upper portion fused salt ring road, lower part fused salt ring road, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road set up in oxidation reactor's upper end, a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road set up in oxidation reactor's lower extreme, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road all distribute along oxidation reactor's axial, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring road and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring road all communicate with oxidation reactor's shell side, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler all pass through the pipe connection between upper portion fused salt ring road and lower part fused salt ring road.
The invention divides the conventional molten salt inlet loop and molten salt outlet loop into a plurality of upper molten salt loops and a plurality of lower molten salt loops, so that molten salt enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor from each lower molten salt loop and is sent out from a plurality of upper molten salt loops. Under the condition that the total height of a plurality of upper molten salt loops and the total height of a plurality of lower molten salt loops are not changed, the height of a single-layer upper molten salt loop or a single-layer lower molten salt loop is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor in the axial direction, the flowing heat exchange dead zone is effectively reduced, the uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, and the catalyst failure caused by the increase of the temperature of a catalyst bed is avoided.
In addition, the invention can flexibly increase or decrease the number of the molten salt units according to the capacity requirement by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the arrangement order of the upper molten salt loops of each molten salt unit in the several upper molten salt loops is the same as the arrangement order of the lower molten salt loops in the several lower molten salt loops in the same direction. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distance of single-strand molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor is the same, has the same resistance loss, and further improves the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor from each place.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the cylinder of the oxidation reactor is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged open holes corresponding to a plurality of upper molten salt loops and a plurality of lower molten salt loop areas.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the arrangement forms of the openings on the cylinder bodies of the oxidation reactors corresponding to the upper molten salt loops and the lower molten salt loops are identical, namely, the arrangement forms of the openings corresponding to each molten salt loop are identical. The upper molten salt loops and the lower molten salt loops are axially layered, and the working conditions of each layer of molten salt loops are the same, so that the uniformity of molten salt entering and exiting the reactor along the circumferential direction is ensured by arranging the corresponding openings of each layer of molten salt loops.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the molten salt units is at least two.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the molten salt unit further comprises a molten salt electric heater, and the molten salt electric heater is connected between the upper molten salt loop and the lower molten salt loop through a pipeline. In the initial stage of the reaction, the temperature of the just-introduced molten salt cannot meet the working requirement of the catalyst. At this time, the fused salt electric heater heats fused salt, so that the fused salt can reach the temperature required by the activity of the catalyst.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The invention separates the conventional molten salt inlet loop and the conventional molten salt outlet loop into a plurality of upper molten salt loops and a plurality of lower molten salt loops, so that molten salt enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor from each lower molten salt loop and is sent out from a plurality of upper molten salt loops. Under the condition that the total height of a plurality of upper molten salt loops and the total height of a plurality of lower molten salt loops are not changed, the height of a single-layer upper molten salt loop or a single-layer lower molten salt loop is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor in the axial direction, the flowing heat exchange dead zone is effectively reduced, the uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, and the catalyst failure caused by the increase of the temperature of a catalyst bed is avoided.
2. According to the invention, the number of the molten salt units can be flexibly increased or reduced according to the capacity requirement by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper molten salt circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lower molten salt circuit.
In the figure: a 1-oxidation reactor; 2-molten salt pump; 3-a fused salt electric heater; 4-molten salt cooler; 5-lower molten salt loop; 6-upper molten salt loop.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with multiple inlet and outlet chambers uniformly cooled in the reactor according to the embodiment comprises an oxidation reactor 1 and a plurality of molten salt units, wherein in the embodiment, the number of the molten salt units is three, each molten salt unit comprises an upper molten salt loop 6, a lower molten salt loop 5, a molten salt pump 2 and a molten salt cooler 4, the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 are arranged at the upper end of the oxidation reactor 1, the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are arranged at the lower end of the oxidation reactor 1, the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are distributed along the axial direction of the oxidation reactor 1, the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are communicated with the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1, and the molten salt pump 2 and the molten salt cooler 4 are connected between the upper molten salt loop 6 and the lower molten salt loop 5 through pipelines.
The invention separates a plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and a plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 from a conventional molten salt inlet loop and a conventional molten salt outlet loop, so that molten salt enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 from each lower molten salt loop 5 and is sent out from a plurality of upper molten salt loops 6. Under the condition that the total height of the upper molten salt loops 6 and the total height of the lower molten salt loops 5 are not changed, the height of the single-layer upper molten salt loop 6 or the lower molten salt loop 5 is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor 1 in the axial direction, the flowing heat exchange dead zone is effectively reduced, the uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, and the catalyst failure caused by the increase of the temperature of the catalyst bed is avoided.
In addition, the invention can flexibly increase or decrease the number of the molten salt units according to the capacity requirement by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units.
Further, in the same direction, the arrangement order of the upper molten salt loops 6 of each molten salt unit in the several upper molten salt loops 6 is the same as the arrangement order of the lower molten salt loops 5 in the several lower molten salt loops 5. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distance of single-strand molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor is the same, has the same resistance loss, and further improves the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor 1 from each place.
The barrel of the oxidation reactor 1 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged open holes corresponding to the areas of the upper molten salt loops 6 and the lower molten salt loops 5. The arrangement forms of the openings on the cylinder body of the oxidation reactor 1 corresponding to the upper molten salt loops 6 and the lower molten salt loops 5 are identical, namely the arrangement forms of the openings corresponding to each molten salt loop are identical. The upper molten salt loops 6 and the lower molten salt loops 6 are axially layered, and the working conditions of each layer of molten salt loops are the same, so that the uniformity of molten salt entering and exiting the reactor along the circumferential direction is ensured through the same arrangement of corresponding openings of each layer of molten salt loops.
Still further, the molten salt unit still includes molten salt electric heater 3, and molten salt electric heater 3 passes through the pipeline and connects between upper portion molten salt circuit 6 and lower part molten salt circuit 5. In the initial stage of the reaction, the temperature of the just-introduced molten salt cannot meet the working requirement of the catalyst. At this time, the fused salt electric heater 3 heats the fused salt, and ensures that the fused salt reaches the temperature required by the activity of the catalyst.
The working process comprises the following steps:
The molten salt electric heater 3 is turned on, and the molten salt cooler 4 is turned off. Because the molten salt electric heater 3, the molten salt pump 2 and the oxidation reactor 1 are respectively communicated with the upper molten salt loop 6 and the lower molten salt loop 5, when the molten salt pump 2 is started, molten salt enters the lower molten salt loop 5 and then is divided into two paths, one path enters the molten salt electric heater 3, and the other path enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 along the circumferential opening of the barrel of the oxidation reactor 1. The molten salt fed from the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 and the molten salt fed from the molten salt electric heater 3 are joined in the upper molten salt loop 6, and then flow back to the molten salt pump 2.
After the molten salt is heated for a period of time, the temperature of the molten salt reaches the catalyst activity demand temperature, at the moment, the molten salt electric heater 3 is turned off, the molten salt cooler 4 is turned on, the channel of maleic anhydride entering the tube array of the oxidation reactor 1 is opened, and the equipment enters a normal working state. Because the molten salt cooler 4, the molten salt pump 2 and the oxidation reactor 1 are respectively communicated with the upper molten salt loop 6 and the lower molten salt loop 5, molten salt is divided into two paths after entering the lower molten salt loop 5, one path enters the molten salt cooler 4, and the other path enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 along the circumferential opening of the barrel of the oxidation reactor 1. The molten salt fully absorbs the reaction heat in the molten salt reactor, and is sent out from the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 to the upper molten salt loop 6. The molten salt fed from the molten salt cooler 4 merges with the molten salt fed from the oxidation reactor 1 in the upper molten salt loop 6 and flows back to the molten salt pump 2. By controlling the ratio of the molten salt entering the molten salt cooler 4 and the molten salt entering the oxidation reactor 1, the molten salt can be maintained at a suitable temperature.
The multiple groups of molten salt units independently operate, and the arrangement order of the upper molten salt loop 6 of each molten salt unit in the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 is the same as the arrangement order of the lower molten salt loop 5 in the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distance of single-strand molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor is the same, has the same resistance loss, and further improves the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor 1 from each place.
The maleic anhydride reaction device is suitable for a reaction system with the production capacity of 5 ten thousand tons per year or more of single maleic anhydride, the molten salt loop of the reactor is axially divided into a plurality of independent chambers, and each independent chamber, a single molten salt pump 2 and a molten salt cooler 4 form an independent cooling unit, so that the mutual influence among all matched devices of the device is avoided. The fused salt loop is axially divided into a plurality of chambers, so that the uniformity of fused salt medium entering and exiting the reactor in the height direction is ensured, the design of circumferential flow equalization of the outer wall of the reactor cylinder is facilitated, and the uniform flow and heat removal of fused salt in the reactor are facilitated. The invention has good adaptability in dealing with the reaction device with larger single reaction capacity, can further increase the number of the matched devices of the reactor according to the device requirement, reduce the requirement of the single matched device, enhance the reliability of the device, has simpler arrangement, can divide independent arrangement areas according to the functions of the matched devices and is connected with the reactor by using the pipelines, and is beneficial to the large-scale of the device.
The invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and any person who may derive other various forms of products in the light of the present invention, however, any changes in shape or structure thereof, all falling within the technical solutions defined in the scope of the claims of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled inlet and outlet multiple chambers of the reactor is characterized in that: the device comprises an oxidation reactor (1) and a plurality of molten salt units, wherein each molten salt unit comprises an upper molten salt loop (6), a lower molten salt loop (5), a molten salt pump (2) and a molten salt cooler (4), the plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) are arranged at the upper end of the oxidation reactor (1), the plurality of lower molten salt loops (5) are arranged at the lower end of the oxidation reactor (1), the plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) and the plurality of lower molten salt loops (5) are distributed along the axial direction of the oxidation reactor (1), the plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) and the plurality of lower molten salt loops (5) are communicated with the shell side of the oxidation reactor (1), and the molten salt pump (2) and the molten salt cooler (4) are connected between the upper molten salt loops (6) and the lower molten salt loops (5) through pipelines;
In the same direction, the arrangement order of the upper molten salt loops (6) of each molten salt unit in the plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) is the same as the arrangement order of the lower molten salt loops (5) in the plurality of lower molten salt loops (5);
The number of molten salt units is at least two.
2. A reactor inlet and outlet multi-chamber uniformly cooled shell-and-tube maleic anhydride reactor system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the barrel of the oxidation reactor (1) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged open holes corresponding to the areas of a plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) and a plurality of lower molten salt loops (5).
3. A reactor inlet and outlet multi-chamber uniformly cooled shell-and-tube maleic anhydride reactor system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the open pore arrangement forms on the cylinder bodies of the oxidation reactors (1) corresponding to the upper molten salt loops (6) and the lower molten salt loops (5) are consistent.
4. A tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of multiple chambers at the inlet and outlet of the reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the molten salt unit further comprises a molten salt electric heater (3), and the molten salt electric heater (3) is connected between the upper molten salt loop (6) and the lower molten salt loop (5) through a pipeline.
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| CN202211506123.3A CN115738921B (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Tube type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of inlet and outlet multiple chambers of reactor |
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