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CN115724670A - Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115724670A
CN115724670A CN202111028012.1A CN202111028012A CN115724670A CN 115724670 A CN115724670 A CN 115724670A CN 202111028012 A CN202111028012 A CN 202111028012A CN 115724670 A CN115724670 A CN 115724670A
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gelatinized
starch
polymeric
preparation
plant fiber
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向红
单伟锋
刘涛
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Guangzhou Zhi Jian General Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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Guangzhou Zhi Jian General Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The invention discloses a gelatinized polymeric refractory material, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation process does not need glue, takes the construction waste as the framework, the physical and chemical environment of the recycled aggregate prepared by the construction waste is lower than that of the natural aggregate, and the recycled aggregate has good self-curing characteristic, and the addition of the construction waste can not only improve the mechanical property of the framework, but also promote the recycling of the construction waste and protect the environment.

Description

Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a gelatinized polymeric refractory material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In China, the construction waste accounts for 30-40% of the total urban waste, and if the construction waste is randomly accumulated on an open space, the pollution to soil, air and water can be caused. The problems to be solved are that the reasonable treatment of the waste materials generated in the building production and the avoidance of the generation of the building waste are urgently needed. In order to generate a small amount of waste, the value of the construction waste is more fully realized, and a resource recycling mechanism is needed to realize recycling.
In the building construction process, the generated various building wastes are the building wastes such as waste glass, nonmetal, waste wood, waste ceramic and the like. Among them, there are many recyclable resources, including metals, plastics, waste tiles, and waste concrete, accounting for more than 80% of the total, and most of them can be used as secondary building materials. The present building waste is produced into new concrete or asphalt through crushing, using the crushed waste as the raw material of concrete and asphalt, and adding proper amount of additive and admixture to improve some performance of concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the gelatinized polymeric refractory material, which does not need to add chemical adhesive components, has simple process and mild reaction conditions; the invention also aims to provide a gelatinized polymeric refractory material which can replace wood, plastic and paper packages or other heavy and environmentally-friendly packaging modes and has the characteristics of low price, light weight, firmness, natural degradation and no pollution to the environment. The invention also aims to provide the application of the gelatinized polymeric fire-resistant material, and the gelatinized polymeric fire-resistant material is used for preparing building materials.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following steps:
1) Adding hot water into starch in a mixer while stirring until the starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid;
2) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and construction waste;
3) Uniformly mixing the starch pasting liquid in the step 1) and the mixture in the step 2) to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold which is heated at a constant temperature, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping the mold to obtain the gelatinized polymeric refractory material.
Or comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and starch;
2) Adding hot water into a mixer while stirring until starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid;
3) Adding the construction waste into the starch pasting liquid obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold heated at a constant temperature, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping to obtain the gelatinized polymeric refractory material.
Further, in the step 1), the gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 50 parts of starch, 5 to 60 parts of plant fiber and 30 to 90 parts of construction waste.
And further, in the step 1), adding 20-60 parts by weight of mineral powder into the mixer. Mineral powders may improve the fire resistance of the material, and calcium carbonate, talc and clay are preferred.
Further, in the step 1), the starch is tapioca starch.
Further, in the step 1), the plant fiber is derived from one or a composition of more than two of tree branches, reeds, bamboos, cotton and flax, straws and chaffs; the length of the plant fiber is 1-1.5 mm, and the size is 30-100 meshes. The plant fiber purchased and sold in the market is mainly non-glue fiber of medium density fiberboard factories. The length of the plant fiber is 1-5 mm, and the size of the plant fiber is 3-5 mu m
Further, in the step 1), the construction waste is ground to 80-200 meshes before mixing.
Still further, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the hot water to the mixture is 2-5: 1, preferably 2:1. the temperature of the hot water is 90-100 ℃.
Further, in the step 3), the heating temperature is 160-280 ℃ and the time is 3-30 minutes.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the gelatinized polymeric refractory material is prepared by the preparation method of the gelatinized polymeric refractory material.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the gelatinized polymeric fire-resistant material is prepared by the preparation method, and is used for preparing building materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The preparation method of the invention takes starch, plant fiber and construction waste as raw materials, hot water is used for gelatinizing the starch, and then mould pressing and temperature rising polymerization are carried out to obtain a solid whole. Glue is not needed in the preparation process. The building waste serves as the aggregate and plays a role of a framework, the physical and chemical environment of the recycled aggregate prepared from the building waste is lower than that of the natural aggregate, the recycled aggregate has good self-curing characteristic, and the building waste can be added to improve the mechanical property of the framework and promote the recycling of the building waste and the environmental protection. The starch mainly plays roles of pasting, bonding and binding force increasing, and the starch is dissolved in hot water and heated, so that starch granules swell and collapse to form a viscous and uniform paste-soluble substance. Under the conditions of high temperature and pressure, the gelatinized starch flows disorderly to form a cementing net structure, so that the transverse and longitudinal tension can be enhanced, the bonding force in each direction can be enhanced, and the toughness of the framework can be enhanced.
(2) The gelatinized polymeric refractory material is natural in material, low in cost and easy to obtain, and the mechanical property of a finished product can be effectively improved by combining the plant fiber, the starch and the construction waste without adding an additional adhesive, so that the cost can be reduced, and the requirements of the construction industry can be met.
(3) The raw materials of the gelatinized polymeric refractory material also comprise mineral powder, and the gelatinized polymeric refractory material has excellent physical and chemical properties such as lubricity, fire resistance, acid resistance, insulativity, high melting point, chemical inactiveness, good covering power, softness, good gloss, strong adsorption force and the like. The mineral powder is added to fill the framework, enhance the binding force and improve the compression resistance and density.
(4) The raw material of the gelatinized polymeric refractory material of the present invention has fire resistance and high mechanical properties, and can be used for producing building materials such as partitions.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
Example 1
A pasting polymerization refractory material is composed of the following raw materials: 10 parts of cassava starch, 7 parts of plant fiber, 1 part of a release agent and 82 parts of construction waste. The plant fiber is the glue-free fiber of the branches and the stems of the trees and the straws purchased in the market. The release agent is calcium stearate.
A preparation method of a gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following steps:
1) Adding cassava starch into a mixer while stirring, and adding hot water at 100 ℃, and performing forward and reverse circulation stirring until the starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid; wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the starch is 5:1.
2) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and construction waste;
3) Uniformly mixing the starch pasting liquid in the step 1) and the mixture in the step 2) to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold heated at a constant temperature of 230 ℃, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping to obtain a sample with the size of 230mm 114mm 65mm.
Example 2
A pasting polymerization refractory material is composed of the following raw materials: 15 parts of cassava starch, 45 parts of plant fiber, 38 parts of construction waste and 2 parts of a release agent. The construction waste is ground into powder of 80-200 meshes, the release agent is calcium stearate, and the plant fiber is glue-free fiber purchased from straw and bran coat in the market.
A preparation method of a gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and cassava starch;
2) Adding hot water of 100 ℃ into a mixer while stirring until starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid; the mass ratio of the raw materials to the hot water is 2:1;
3) Adding the construction waste into the starch pasting liquid obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a die heated at a constant temperature of 265 ℃, closing the die, continuing to preserve heat for 6min, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping the die to obtain a sample with the size of 230mm 114mm 65mm.
Example 3
A gelatinized polymeric refractory material is composed of the following raw materials: 20 parts of cassava starch, 20 parts of plant fiber, 40 parts of construction waste, 19 parts of talcum powder and 2 parts of release agent. The construction waste is ground into powder of 80-200 meshes, and the plant fiber is the non-glue fiber of the branches and the stems of trees and cotton-flax purchased in the market. The release agent is calcium stearate.
A preparation method of a gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following steps:
1) Adding starch into 100 ℃ hot water in a mixer while stirring until the starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid; wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the starch is 2.5:1.
2) Mixing plant fiber, talcum powder, release agent and construction waste by positive and negative circulation stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixture;
3) Uniformly mixing the starch pasting liquid in the step 1) and the mixture in the step 2) to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold which is heated at a constant temperature of 260 ℃, closing the mold, and continuing to preserve heat for 8min to obtain a sample with the size of 230mm 114mm 65mm.
Example 4
A gelatinized polymeric refractory material is composed of the following raw materials: 25 parts of cassava starch, 34 parts of plant fiber, 40 parts of soil and 1 part of a release agent. The release agent is calcium stearate, and the plant fiber is non-glue fiber of bulrush and bamboo purchased in the market.
A preparation method of a gelatinized polymeric refractory material comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and cassava starch;
2) Adding hot water of 100 ℃ into a mixer while stirring until starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid; wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the raw materials is 2:1.
3) Adding soil into the starch pasting liquid obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold heated at a constant temperature of 200 ℃, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat for 15min, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping the mold to obtain a sample with the size of 230mm 114mm 65mm.
Comparative example 1
The sample of comparative example 1 was the same size as example 1, but only 100g of the same kind of construction waste as example 1 was added.
Comparative example 2
The tapioca starch in the raw material of example 1 was replaced with corn starch, and the amount, other ingredients and preparation method were the same as those of example 1.
Performance testing
1. Refractoriness of test sample: the refractoriness of the test cone (samples of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1) was represented by placing the test cone on a cone stand together with a standard temperature measuring cone of known refractoriness, heating under prescribed conditions, and directly measuring the temperature at which the test cone was bent over by means of a thermocouple. The standard refers to GB/T7322-2017, and specific data are shown in Table 1.
2. Measuring the bulk density of the sample: bulk densities of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were measured, and specific data are shown in table 1.
3. The normal temperature flexural strength of the test sample: the sample was stressed at a constant rate of application of load at ambient temperature until the sample broke, and the load at which the sample broke was recorded (F) max ). For ease of testing, the sample sizes of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 have been adjusted to the specified qualitative article standard sample size. The standard refers to GB/T3001-2017, and specific data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 refractoriness and Room temperature flexural Strength data for samples of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1
Figure BDA0003244244840000071
Figure BDA0003244244840000081
As shown in table 1, the fire resistance, the bulk density and the load of examples 1 to 4 are significantly improved as compared with those of comparative examples 1 to 2, and they can be used for the preparation of building materials, and have good fire resistance and mechanical properties. Among them, example 1 is the most preferable example. Comparative example 2 replaces tapioca starch with corn starch, which has much lower gelatinization than tapioca starch, resulting in a greatly reduced structural strength of the material.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the gelatinized polymeric refractory material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Adding hot water into starch in a mixer while stirring until the starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid;
2) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and construction waste;
3) Uniformly mixing the starch pasting liquid in the step 1) and the mixture in the step 2) to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold which is heated at a constant temperature, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping the mold to obtain a gelatinized polymeric refractory material;
or comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing plant fiber, a release agent and starch;
2) Adding hot water into a mixer while stirring until starch is completely gelatinized to obtain starch gelatinized liquid;
3) Adding the construction waste into the starch pasting liquid obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a wet material;
4) Adding the wet material obtained in the step 3) into a mold which is heated at a constant temperature, closing the mold, continuing to preserve heat, polymerizing until the material is completely shaped, and then stripping the mold to obtain the gelatinized polymeric refractory material.
2. The process for the preparation of a fire resistant gelatinised polymeric material as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said gelatinised polymeric fire resistant material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of starch, 5-60 parts of plant fiber and 30-90 parts of construction waste.
3. The process for the preparation of gelatinized polymeric refractory according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 1), a mineral powder is further added to the mixer.
4. The method of making a gelatinized polymeric refractory of claim 1, wherein in step 1), the starch is tapioca starch.
5. The method for preparing the gelatinized polymeric refractory according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the plant fiber is derived from one or a combination of two or more of branches and stems of trees, reeds, bamboos, cottons, stalks and chaffs; the length of the plant fiber is 1-5 mm, and the size of the plant fiber is 3-5 mu m.
6. The process for the preparation of gelatinized polymeric refractory according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), said construction waste is ground to 80 to 600 mesh before compounding.
7. The method of preparing the gelatinized polymeric refractory according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the mass ratio of the hot water to the mixture is 2 to 5:1, the temperature of the hot water is 90-100 ℃.
8. The method of preparing a gelatinized polymeric refractory according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the heating temperature is 160 to 280 ℃ and the time is 3 to 10 minutes.
9. A fire resistant material of gelatinised polymer characterised in that it is produced by the process for the preparation of a fire resistant material of gelatinised polymer as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a fire resistant material based on gelatinized polymer, which is obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, for the production of a building material.
CN202111028012.1A 2021-09-02 2021-09-02 Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN115724670A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005307565A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Fuji Raito Kogyo Kk Building material
CN1887771A (en) * 2006-07-17 2007-01-03 俞锋 Building decoration material of plant fiber and its production process
CN108658543A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-16 唐水生 A kind of build concrete and preparation method thereof that setting time is short
CN111944207A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-17 山东大学 Plant fiber starch biomass composite material with open type cellular structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN111961260A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-20 山东大学 Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof
CN112011095A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-12-01 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 Naturally degradable corner protector and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005307565A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Fuji Raito Kogyo Kk Building material
CN1887771A (en) * 2006-07-17 2007-01-03 俞锋 Building decoration material of plant fiber and its production process
CN108658543A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-16 唐水生 A kind of build concrete and preparation method thereof that setting time is short
CN112011095A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-12-01 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 Naturally degradable corner protector and preparation method thereof
CN111944207A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-17 山东大学 Plant fiber starch biomass composite material with open type cellular structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN111961260A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-20 山东大学 Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20230303