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CN115651231A - Preparation process of modified engineering plastic - Google Patents

Preparation process of modified engineering plastic Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115651231A
CN115651231A CN202211324114.2A CN202211324114A CN115651231A CN 115651231 A CN115651231 A CN 115651231A CN 202211324114 A CN202211324114 A CN 202211324114A CN 115651231 A CN115651231 A CN 115651231A
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plastic
engineering plastic
parts
fiber
modified
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CN202211324114.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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颜欢
张�成
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JIANGSU ADIN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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JIANGSU ADIN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering plastic preparation, in particular to a preparation process of modified engineering plastic, which is characterized in that a resin raw material is dissolved in a solvent and is stirred and mixed with other additives; adding a defoaming agent, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed slurry; adding the filler into the slurry and continuously mixing; and (3) putting the mixed slurry into a screw extruder for extrusion granulation, then adding the slurry into the screw extruder again for extrusion molding, and extruding the mixture into engineering plastics with required shapes. According to the invention, the fibers are added into the raw materials, so that the strength of the plastic product can be improved, the plastic product cannot be easily broken when being impacted by external force, meanwhile, the high-dispersion nano calcium carbonate can improve the rheological property of the plastic master batch and the formability of the plastic master batch, has the functions of toughening and reinforcing when being used as a plastic filler, improves the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the plastic, the heat deformation temperature and the dimensional stability, and also endows the plastic with heat stagnation, so that the performance of the engineering plastic is greatly improved, and the mechanical performance of the plastic product can be greatly improved.

Description

Preparation process of modified engineering plastic
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastic preparation, in particular to a preparation process of modified engineering plastic.
Background
Engineering plastics refer to high-performance polymer materials which can be used as structural materials, bear mechanical stress in a wider temperature range and are used in harsh chemical and physical environments. Engineering plastics need to be able to bear certain external force, have good mechanical properties and dimensional stability, still maintain good properties at high and low temperatures, and can be used as plastics of engineering structural members.
At present, the main modification point of the modified plastic is toughening and improvement of the toughness of the plastic. In the prior art, the purpose is achieved by adding the toughening agent, but the modification effect is not good, and simultaneously, the reasonable blending of the toughness and the strength is very important because the strength of the plastic is reduced after toughening.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation process of modified engineering plastics, which solves the problem that the strength of plastics is reduced after toughening.
(II) technical scheme
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
the preparation process of the modified engineering plastic comprises the following steps:
dissolving a resin raw material in a solvent, adding a mixture of fiber powder, a coupling agent, a toughening agent and other auxiliaries, and then stirring and mixing for 0.5h at a high speed by using a stirrer;
step two, adding a defoaming agent into the mixture stirred in the step one, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
step three, crushing the filler, and then adding the filler into the slurry obtained in the step two to continue mixing;
step four, the mixed slurry is put into a screw extruder to be extruded to prepare plastic strips; cooling and shaping the extruded plastic strip through a water cooling tank; drying the water attached to the plastic strips through an air cooling device after the water-cooled plastic strips pass through the air cooling device; traction granulating, namely feeding the blow-dried plastic strips into a cutting material to be cut into granules, wherein the rotating speed of a granulator is 650-750r/min, and preparing engineering plastic granules;
and fifthly, adding the engineering plastic particles into the screw extruder again for extrusion molding, and extruding the engineering plastic into engineering plastic with a required shape.
Further, the resin raw material is one or more of nylon, polyester, polypropylene and polystyrene, and a compatilizer is added for solubilization in the process of dissolving in a solvent; the other additives comprise a weather-resistant agent, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, a brightening agent, a nucleating agent and a nucleating additive; while stirring during the addition.
Further, the fiber powder is one or more of plant fiber, steel fiber and modified glass fiber, and is crushed and sieved before being added, so that the fiber powder reaches a nanometer level;
the plant fiber is prepared by crushing waste crop straws; crushing and sieving waste crop straws to obtain fiber powder, drying the fiber powder at 50-80 ℃, and finally crushing the fiber powder to nano level;
the preparation of the steel fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting waste steel structural sections, removing rust, cleaning and removing impurities of the steel structural sections, and cleaning impurities on the steel structural sections; fixing the processed steel structure section on a milling lathe, and milling the steel structure section to obtain required steel fiber fragments;
the modified glass fiber is the glass fiber soaked by titanate coupling agent, the soaking temperature is 70-95 ℃, the soaking time is 1.5-2.5h, and the diameter of the modified glass fiber is 10-20 mu m.
Further, the filler is highly dispersed nano calcium carbonate, and is required to be crushed and sieved before being added, so that the nano calcium carbonate is nano-sized, and has a particle size: 10-100 nm.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation process of modified engineering plastics, which has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can improve the strength of the plastic product by adding the fiber in the raw material, so that the plastic product can not be easily broken when being impacted by external force, can improve the oxidation resistance of the plastic product by adding the antioxidant in the raw material, can improve the rheological property of the plastic master batch and the moldability of the plastic master batch by adding the high-dispersion nano calcium carbonate, has the functions of toughening and reinforcing when being used as a plastic filler, improves the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the plastic, the thermal deformation temperature and the dimensional stability, also endows the plastic with heat stagnation, greatly improves the performance of engineering plastic, and can greatly improve the mechanical performance of the plastic product.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
One embodiment of the present invention provides: the preparation process of the modified engineering plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving a resin raw material in a solvent, adding a mixture of fiber powder, a coupling agent, a toughening agent and other auxiliaries, and then stirring and mixing at a high speed by using a stirrer;
wherein: the resin raw material is one or more of nylon, polyester, polypropylene and polystyrene, and a compatilizer is added for solubilization in the process of dissolving the resin raw material in the solvent, the solvent and the compatilizer are selected according to the types of the resin raw material, so that the resin raw material can be fully dissolved in the solvent, additives of other components can be added into the solvent in the subsequent process, meanwhile, the liquid state is convenient for better mixing all the components together, the compatilizer is convenient for improving the dissolving efficiency of the resin raw material, and the adding and mixing operation of the subsequent raw material is convenient;
other additives include weather resistance agents, plasticizers, antioxidants, brighteners, nucleating agents and nucleating additives;
the weather-resistant agent is convenient for ensuring that the engineering plastic keeps a stable state under different climatic conditions; the use of the plasticizer can improve the performance of the high polymer material, reduce the production cost and improve the production benefit; the antioxidant is convenient for improving the oxidation resistance of the engineering plastic, prolonging the service life of the engineering plastic and ensuring long-time use; the brightener removes oil stains, oxidized and unoxidized surface impurities remained on the metal surface through an active surface, keeps cleanness, glossiness and color fastness of the exterior of an object, and improves the aesthetic property of the appearance of the engineering plastic; the nucleating agent accelerates the crystallization rate, increases the crystallization density and promotes the grain size to be micronized by changing the crystallization behavior of the resin, thereby achieving the physical and mechanical properties of shortening the molding cycle, improving the transparency, the surface gloss, the tensile strength, the rigidity, the heat distortion temperature, the impact resistance, the creep resistance and the like of the product; the nucleating auxiliary agent is used for assisting the nucleating agent to be used together, so that the use performance of the nucleating agent is further improved; the coupling agent is a plastic additive, also called surface modifier, which can reduce the viscosity of synthetic resin melt and improve the dispersity of filler to improve the processability in the plastic processing process, so that the product has good surface quality and mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, the dosage of the coupling agent is generally 0.5-2% of the dosage of the filler, and the coupling agent generally consists of two parts: a part is an inorganic group which can act with an inorganic filler or a reinforcing material; the other part is an organophilic group which can react with the synthetic resin;
meanwhile, stirring is carried out in the adding process for 0.5h, the stirring speed is 800-1000r/min, all components can be better mixed together by stirring, and the mixing efficiency is improved;
the fiber powder is one or more of plant fiber, steel fiber and modified glass fiber, and is crushed and sieved before being added to reach the nanometer level;
the plant fiber is prepared by crushing waste crop straws; crushing and sieving waste crop straws to obtain fiber powder, then drying the fiber powder, drying the fiber powder at 50-80 ℃, and finally crushing the fiber powder to reach the nanometer level;
the preparation of the steel fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting waste steel structural sections, removing rust, cleaning and impurities of the steel structural sections, and cleaning impurities on the steel structural sections; secondly, fixing the processed steel structure section on a milling lathe, milling the steel structure section to obtain required steel fiber fragments, preparing steel fibers by using the waste steel structure section, well performing waste utilization, reducing the cost input of raw materials, and conveniently improving the overall strength of engineering plastics by using the added plant fibers;
the modified glass fiber is the glass fiber soaked by titanate coupling agent, the soaking temperature is 70-95 ℃, the soaking time is 1.5-2.5h, the diameter of the modified glass fiber is 10-20 mu m, and the added modified glass fiber is convenient for improving the integral strength of engineering plastics so as to facilitate the use of the engineering plastics;
the plant fiber, the steel fiber and the modified glass fiber can be selected according to actual use requirements, one or more of the plant fiber, the steel fiber and the modified glass fiber are used, and when a plurality of kinds of the plant fiber, the steel fiber and the modified glass fiber are used, several kinds of fiber powder of the plant fiber, the steel fiber and the modified glass fiber are mixed together according to a proportion, so that the mixture of the fibers is fully mixed into the resin raw material in the subsequent adding and stirring process, and the subsequent stable mixing of various components is ensured to form stable engineering plastics;
step two, adding a defoaming agent into the mixture stirred in the step one, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
the defoaming agent can reduce the surface tension of water, solution, suspension and the like, prevent foam from forming, or reduce or eliminate the original foam, and can effectively eliminate bubbles generated in the stirring process, so that the quality of engineering plastics is improved, and the production efficiency of the engineering plastics is ensured;
step three, crushing the filler, and then adding the filler into the slurry obtained in the step two to continue mixing;
wherein: the filler is high-dispersion nano calcium carbonate, and is required to be crushed and sieved before being added, so that the filler reaches a nano level, and the granularity is as follows: 10-100 nm, high-dispersion nano calcium carbonate can improve the rheological property of the plastic master batch, improve the moldability of the plastic master batch, has the functions of toughening and reinforcing when used as a plastic filler, improves the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of plastics, the thermal deformation temperature and the dimensional stability, endows the plastic with thermal hysteresis, and greatly improves the performance of engineering plastics;
putting the mixed slurry into a screw extruder to extrude and granulate to prepare engineering plastic particles;
wherein: the extrusion granulation process of the screw extruder is as follows:
s1, mixing raw materials, feeding the mixture into a screw extruder, and extruding the mixture by using the screw extruder to prepare a plastic strip;
s2, cooling and shaping the extruded plastic strips through a water cooling tank, wherein cooling water in the tank body is recycled by a circulating pump so as to ensure that the temperature of the cooling water in the tank body is kept constant in the using process, the temperature cannot rise along with the prolonging of the using time, and the plastic strips are effectively cooled;
s3, the water-cooled plastic strip is dried through an air cooling device, the water attached to the plastic strip is conveniently and effectively removed through air cooling drying, the stability of subsequent processing is guaranteed, and the plastic strip can be effectively prevented from being affected by air cooling drying;
s4, dragging and granulating, feeding the blow-dried plastic strips into a cutting material and cutting the plastic strips into particles, wherein the rotating speed of a granulator is 650-750r/min, so that engineering plastics are obtained and prepared into particles of the engineering plastics, and the particles are convenient to take and process subsequently;
and fifthly, adding the engineering plastic particles into the screw extruder again for extrusion molding, and extruding the engineering plastic into engineering plastic with a required shape.
Example two
The weight ratio of each component of the engineering plastic in the embodiment 1 is as follows: 40 parts of resin raw material, 15 parts of mixed powder of plant fiber and steel fiber, 3 parts of flexibilizer, 1 part of antioxidant, 1 part of nucleating agent, 0.5 part of nucleating auxiliary agent, 5 parts of filler, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 8 parts of solvent, 2 parts of weather-resistant agent, 1 part of plasticizer, 1.5 parts of brightener and 1.5 parts of coupling agent.
EXAMPLE III
The engineering plastic of example 1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of resin raw material, 20 parts of plant fiber and modified glass fiber mixed powder, 4 parts of flexibilizer, 2 parts of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of nucleating agent, 0.5 part of nucleating auxiliary agent, 7 parts of filler, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 6 parts of solvent, 2.5 parts of weather-resistant agent, 1.3 parts of plasticizer, 1.5 parts of brightener and 2 parts of coupling agent.
Example four
The engineering plastic of example 1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of resin raw material, 15 parts of modified glass fiber and steel fiber mixed powder, 3 parts of toughening agent, 1 part of antioxidant, 1 part of nucleating agent, 0.5 part of nucleating auxiliary agent, 5 parts of filler, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 8 parts of solvent, 2 parts of weather resisting agent, 1 part of plasticizer, 1.5 parts of brightening agent and 1.5 parts of coupling agent.
EXAMPLE five
The engineering plastic of example 1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of resin raw material, 20 parts of plant fiber, modified glass fiber and steel fiber mixed powder, 4 parts of toughening agent, 2 parts of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of nucleating agent, 0.5 part of nucleating auxiliary agent, 7 parts of filler, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 6 parts of solvent, 2.5 parts of weather resisting agent, 1.3 parts of plasticizer, 1.5 parts of brightening agent and 2 parts of coupling agent.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation process of the modified engineering plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving a resin raw material in a solvent, adding a fiber powder, a coupling agent, a toughening agent and other auxiliary agent mixture, and then stirring and mixing at a high speed by using a stirrer;
step two, adding a defoaming agent into the mixture stirred in the step one, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
step three, crushing the filler, and then adding the filler into the slurry obtained in the step two for continuous mixing;
putting the mixed slurry into a screw extruder to extrude and granulate to prepare engineering plastic particles;
and step five, adding the engineering plastic particles into the screw extruder again for extrusion molding, and extruding the engineering plastic into engineering plastic with a required shape.
2. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the resin raw material is one or more of nylon, polyester, polypropylene and polystyrene, and a compatilizer is added for solubilization in the process of dissolving in a solvent;
the other additives comprise weather resisting agents, plasticizers, antioxidants, brightening agents, nucleating agents and nucleating additives;
while stirring during the addition.
3. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber powder is one or more of plant fiber, steel fiber and modified glass fiber, and is crushed and sieved before being added to reach the nanometer level.
4. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 3, wherein: the plant fiber is prepared by crushing waste crop straws; crushing and sieving waste crop straws to obtain fiber powder, drying the fiber powder at 50-80 ℃, and finally crushing the fiber powder to nano level.
5. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 3, wherein: the preparation of the steel fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting waste steel structural sections, removing rust, cleaning and removing impurities of the steel structural sections, and cleaning impurities on the steel structural sections; and fixing the processed steel structure section on a milling lathe, and milling the steel structure section to obtain the required steel fiber scraps.
6. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 3, wherein: the modified glass fiber is the glass fiber soaked by titanate coupling agent, the soaking temperature is 70-95 ℃, the soaking time is 1.5-2.5h, and the diameter of the modified glass fiber is 10-20 mu m.
7. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the filler is high-dispersion nano calcium carbonate, and is required to be crushed and sieved before being added, so that the filler reaches a nano level, and the granularity is as follows: 10-100 nm.
8. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the extrusion granulation process of the screw extruder is as follows:
s1, mixing raw materials, feeding the mixture into a screw extruder, and extruding the mixture by using the screw extruder to prepare a plastic strip;
s2, cooling and shaping the extruded plastic strip through a water cooling tank;
s3, drying the water attached to the plastic strips through air cooling by the aid of an air cooling device;
s4, dragging and cutting into granules, feeding the blow-dried plastic strips into a cutting material, and cutting into granules, wherein the rotating speed of a cutter is 650-750r/min, so as to obtain the engineering plastic.
9. The process for preparing a modified engineering plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the engineering plastic comprises the following raw material components: 30-50 parts of resin raw material, 10-20 parts of fiber powder, 1-5 parts of toughening agent, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of nucleating agent, 0.1-1 part of nucleating auxiliary agent, 2-10 parts of filler, 0.2-1 part of defoaming agent, 2-10 parts of solvent, 1-3 parts of weather-resistant agent, 1-1.5 parts of plasticizer, 1-2 parts of brightener and 1-3 parts of coupling agent.
CN202211324114.2A 2022-10-27 2022-10-27 Preparation process of modified engineering plastic Pending CN115651231A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103753787A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-04-30 深圳天派门窗科技有限公司 Preparation method of wood-plastic composite material for doors and windows
CN106751690A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-05-31 肇庆汇展塑料科技有限公司 A kind of high intensity regenerated engineering modification method for preparing
CN106800731A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-06-06 肇庆汇展塑料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of environmentally friendly composite engineering plastics
CN109135240A (en) * 2018-08-06 2019-01-04 南京欧纳壹有机光电有限公司 A kind of thermoplastic engineering plastic preparation process

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103753787A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-04-30 深圳天派门窗科技有限公司 Preparation method of wood-plastic composite material for doors and windows
CN106751690A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-05-31 肇庆汇展塑料科技有限公司 A kind of high intensity regenerated engineering modification method for preparing
CN106800731A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-06-06 肇庆汇展塑料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of environmentally friendly composite engineering plastics
CN109135240A (en) * 2018-08-06 2019-01-04 南京欧纳壹有机光电有限公司 A kind of thermoplastic engineering plastic preparation process

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