CN115583874B - 金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 2, 3-disubstituted indenone Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
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- VWFQXDQOONOJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,3-dimethoxybenzene Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(C#C)=C1OC VWFQXDQOONOJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C07C2602/02—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having only two atoms in common
- C07C2602/04—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2602/08—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring the other ring being five-membered, e.g. indane
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Abstract
本发明是一种金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,在无氧条件下,加入炔烃、硼酸试剂、铑催化剂和溶剂,常温下搅拌过夜,即得2,3‑二取代的茚酮衍生物。本发明在温和条件下利用[RhCl{(R,R)‑Ph‑bod}]2为催化剂,拓宽了反应的底物范围,提高产物的对映选择性。本发明简单易操作,方法中所需物品毒性小,安全环保,产物转化率高且易于储存。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化合物合成技术领域,一种金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法。
背景技术
茚是一种特殊的碳环支架,广泛存在于许多天然产物1和生物活性分子中,如雌激素受体拮抗剂(茚二酚A)、抗阿尔茨海默病(多奈哌齐类似物)、抗组胺(芬提尔)、抗炎(苏林酸)和其他活性物质中,而且在金属茚二酚络合物中也起着关键作用虽然茚酮的合成已经取得了巨大的进展,但在C1中心具有立体基因的富对映体茚酮的发展尚未完全确定。
到目前为止,虽然通过金催化的环异构化和nhc催化的脱羧都可以成功地合成对映体富集的键位,但由于预功能化底物性质的限制,只能得到2或3个单取代的键位。另一种补充方法是过渡金属不对称催化[3+2]环化,这被证明是获得茚二酮、茚二醇或茚二酮最可靠和有效的途径。在这些方法中,一个典型的阳离子钯催化的内炔不对称芳基化环化的例子已经由Lu基团开发出来然而,这一策略在很大程度上局限于那些具有酯基活化内炔的底物[Feng Z.;Miao Y.;Xiyan L,;Org.Lett.2009,11,6]。
2003年Itooka,R和Iguchi等教授对双齿磷配体和双烯配体的活性做了比较,发现双烯配体的活性是双齿磷配体的20倍之多[6]。因此,双烯配体的高活性以及对映选择性引起了广泛的关注。[Itooka,R;Iguchi,Y;Miyaura,N.J.Org.Chem.2003,68,6000]
因此,开发一种将这些烷基或芳基引入缩位环的通用方法仍然有很大的需求。不饱和化合物的铑催化不对称芳基化串联反应是生成手性环化合物最可靠和最有前途的方法。
发明内容
本部分的目的在于概述本发明的实施例的一些方面以及简要介绍一些较佳实施例。在本部分以及本申请的说明书摘要和发明名称中可能会做些简化或省略以避免使本部分、说明书摘要和发明名称的目的模糊,而这种简化或省略不能用于限制本发明的范围。
鉴于上述和/或现有技术中存在的问题,提出了本发明。
因此,本发明的目的是,克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了如下技术方案:一种金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,包括,
在无水无氧条件下,加入炔烃、硼酸试剂、铑催化剂和溶剂,常温下搅拌反应,即得目标产物。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:炔烃、硼酸试剂和铑催化剂的摩尔比为1∶1.5∶0.05。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:所述硼酸试剂为邻硼取代肉桂酮。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:所述炔烃为二苯基乙炔、4-辛炔和5-癸炔。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:所述铑催化剂为市售二烯配体的铑催化剂。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂包括1,4-二氧六环和水。
作为本发明所述金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:所述常温下搅拌即25摄氏度下搅拌过夜即可。
本发明有益效果:
本发明简单易操作,方法中所需物品毒性小、安全环保、底物拓展范围广、对映选择性好、产率高、反应效率高。
本发明使用原料及催化剂皆为市售,通过在温和条件下使用市售二烯配体的铑催化剂体系,得到光学活性极高的茚酮类化合物,能广泛应用于各种生物活性分子中。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中:
图1为本发明实施例1制备的产物的核磁共振氢谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1制备的产物的核磁共振碳谱图;
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合说明书实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
其次,此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例,也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。
实施例1
铑催化二苯基乙炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol二苯基乙炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到56.8mg的产物,产率为98%,ee值为93%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ3.15(dd,J=10.3,17.8Hz,1H),3.32(dd,J=2.8,17.8Hz,1H),5.02(dd,J=7.7,12.8Hz,1H),7.23(m,2H),7.28(m,4H),7.34(m,2H),7.40-7.47(m,7H),7.56(m,2H),7.96(d,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ14.2,40.8,46.0,120.5,124.0,125.4,127.0,127.1,127.4,128.2,128.4,128.6,128.7,129.4,129.5,133.2,135.0,135.5,137.0,145.2,145.6,147.1,199.3.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C29H22O[M+H]+310.1352,found 310.1353
产物结构式为:
实施例2
铑催化二甲苯基乙炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol二甲苯基乙炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到54.7mg的产物,产率为88%,ee值为91%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ2.29(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),3.06(dd,J=10.4,17.8Hz,1H),3.24(dd,J=2.7,17.8Hz,1H),4.89(dd,J=2.6,10.3Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.11(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.14(m,1H),7.20(m,2H),7.25(m,4H),7.40(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=7.5,1H),7.52(t,J=7.34Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=7.5,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ21.2,21.4,41.0,45.9,120.4,123.9,125.2,126.9,128.2,128.5,129.1,129.3,129.4,132.2,132.6,133.1,136.8,136.9,137.1,138.8,145.2,145.4,147.1,199.5.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C31H26O[M+H]+338.1665,found 338.1665
产物结构式为:
实施例3
铑催化二甲氧基苯基乙炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol二甲氧基苯基乙炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到56.9mg的产物,产率为85%,ee值为91%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ2.29(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),3.06(dd,J=10.4,17.8Hz,1H),3.24(dd,J=2.7,17.8Hz,1H),4.89(dd,J=2.6,10.3Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.11(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.14(m,1H),7.20(m,2H),7.25(m,4H),7.40(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=7.5,1H),7.52(t,J=7.34Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=7.5,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ21.2,21.4,41.0,45.9,120.4,123.9,125.2,126.9,128.2,128.5,129.1,129.3,129.4,132.2,132.6,133.1,136.8,136.9,137.1,138.8,145.2,145.4,147.1,199.5.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C31H26O[M+H]+338.1665,found 338.1665
产物结构式为:
实施例4
铑催化5-癸炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol 5-癸炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到49.4mg的产物,产率为95%,ee值为91%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ0.92-1.01(m,6H),1.33-1.47(m,5H),1.57-160(m,3H),2.17-2.24(m,1H),2.53-2.57(m,3H),3.04(dd,J=8.9,17.4Hz,1H),3.33(dd,J=4.5,17.4Hz,1H),4.19-4.23(m,1H),7.06-7.10(m,1H),7.25-7.28(m,2H),7.35(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.47-7.50(m 2H),7.58-7.61(m,1H),8.00(d,J=7.9,2H).13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ13.9,14.1,22.9,23.0,25.2,26.3,31.3,32.1,40.3,44.8,118.6,123.3,124.0,126.5,128.2,128.6,133.2,137.3,137.4,145.5,145.6,147.2,199.4.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C25H30O[M+H]+270.1978,found 270.1980.
产物结构式为:
实施例5
铑催化4-辛炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol 4-辛炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到42.9mg的产物,产率为90%,ee值为91%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ0.94(t,J=7.3Hz,3H),0.99(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),1.41-1.47(m.1H),1.59-1.66(m,3H),2.17-2.22(m,1H),2.51-2.55(m,3H),3.03(q,J=8.9,17.4Hz,1H),3.29-3.33(m,1H),4.18-4.20(m,1H),7.05-7.07(m,1H),7.23-7.27(m,2H),7.33(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.47(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.57(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=7.4,2H).13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ14.2,14.3,22.1,23.0,27.3,28.6,40.2,44.6,118.5,123.2,123.9,126.4,128.1,128.5,133.0,137.2,145.4,145.6,147.1,199.3.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C23H26O[M+H]+319.2056,found 354.2055
产物结构式为:
实施例6
铑催化溴取代的二苯基乙炔与邻硼取代肉桂酮的反应,过程如下:
10mL加压瓶中放入搅拌子,将[RhCl{(R,R)-Ph-bod}]2(3.0mg,5mol%]),0.15mmol溴取代的二苯基乙炔和0.225mmol邻硼取代肉桂酮放入瓶中。在氮气保护下,反应瓶中依次加入25微升KOH,15微升水,0.5mL 1,4-二氧六环。常温搅拌16h,分离得到65.3mg的产物,产率为80%,ee值为97%。
产率=实际产物质量/理想产物质量=31.2mg/(0.1mmol×354mg·mol-1)(目标产物相对分子质量)=88%
对产物进行表征:1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ3.09(dd,J=9.9,17.8Hz,1H),3.20(dd,J=3.1,17.8Hz,1H),4.88(dd,J=3.1,9.8Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.24-7.28(m,2H),7.36(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.40-7.43(m,4H),7.52-7.56(m,4H),7.58-7.60(m,1H),7.64-7.66(m,2H),7.88(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),8.03(d,J=7.3Hz,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3,151MHz)δ40.5,46.1,120.4,121.5,121.7,124.1,125.9,127.2,128.1,128.6,130.9,131.1,131.7,132.1,133.3,133.7,134.0,136.9,139.0,144.3,144.9,147.0,198.9.
HRMS(ESI)Calcd for C29H20Br2O[M+H]+542.9954,found 542.9952.
产物结构式为:
实施例7
提供:对反应使用的催化剂进行筛选,并对ee值的降低进行解释。
解释:催化剂对应配体的活性会影响产物对映选择性,只有苯环取代的配体光学活性最好,故产物的ee值最好。
实施例8
提供:溶剂应选二氧六环,其他溶剂(例如:甲醇,甲苯)产率和ee值都有所下降的试验条件和结果及其可能的解释,突出优选,最好能突出现在公开论文中混合体系的溶剂比例,进一步突出优选。
解释:铑催化剂可能对甲苯、甲醇的溶解性没有1,4-二氧六环的好,故对产物的产率和ee值都有所影响
应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (1)
1.一种金属铑催化内炔的不对称串联反应的方法,其特征在于:包括,
在无水无氧条件下,加入炔烃、硼酸试剂、铑催化剂和溶剂,常温下搅拌反应,即得目标产物,其具体的反应过程为如下所示方程式:
。
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