CN115585119A - Piston type multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Piston type multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585119A CN115585119A CN202211048978.6A CN202211048978A CN115585119A CN 115585119 A CN115585119 A CN 115585119A CN 202211048978 A CN202211048978 A CN 202211048978A CN 115585119 A CN115585119 A CN 115585119A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
- F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with crankshaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/002—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for driven by internal combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/0094—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
- F04B39/122—Cylinder block
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system and an operation method thereof, which can realize a continuous near-isothermal gas compression process and a reversible gas expansion operation mode, and have the advantages of simple system structure, low manufacturing cost and high isothermal efficiency. The device comprises a crankshaft, a plurality of compression units, a water pump and a cooling tower; each compression unit comprises an air cylinder, a piston arranged in the air cylinder and a water jacket sleeved outside the air cylinder, wherein the inlet end of the water jacket is connected with the outlet of a water pump, the inlet of the water pump is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower, and the outlet end of the water jacket is connected with the inlet at the top of the cooling tower; the crankshaft is connected with pistons corresponding to the compression units through a plurality of connecting rods, the volumes of the cylinders are sequentially arranged from the low-pressure side to the high-pressure side of the system in a descending manner, and the bottom of each cylinder is provided with an air inlet valve, an exhaust valve and a negative pressure one-way valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system and an operation method thereof.
Background
The gas compression equipment, especially the air compressor, is applied very extensively in fields such as air energy storage, refrigeration and empty branch at present, and the most compressor that uses at present adopts nearly adiabatic formula compression principle, and adiabatic compression easily realizes, but compression work is big, and compressed gas temperature is high, often needs to retrieve the heat in order to realize high system economic benefits through complicated backheat systems such as multistage intercooling. In addition, the isothermal compressed air process is a theoretically more ideal gas compression process with the lowest compression work, and the gas temperature does not rise ideally, but the ideal process is difficult to realize in practice.
At present, in the fields of large-scale refrigeration, air separation and the like, a near isothermal compressor is adopted to reduce the electric energy consumption and improve the system efficiency, further research is also carried out in the field of large-scale compressed air energy storage, and related research shows that the near isothermal compressed air energy storage technology is an advanced technology which is closer to an isothermal compressed air process, the system efficiency can be higher than that of the currently realized advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system, the system has very remarkable superiority and huge development potential, but the research in the field of large-scale compressed air energy storage is less, the specific application is not realized, the isothermal efficiency of an experimental system is not ideal, or the structure is more complex to realize, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system and an operation method thereof, which can realize a continuous near-isothermal gas compression process and a reversible gas expansion operation mode, and have the advantages of simple system structure, low manufacturing cost and high isothermal efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a piston type multi-stage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system comprises a crankshaft, a plurality of compression units, a water pump and a cooling tower;
each compression unit comprises an air cylinder, a piston arranged in the air cylinder and a water jacket sleeved outside the air cylinder, wherein the inlet end of the water jacket is connected with the outlet of a water pump, the inlet of the water pump is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower, and the outlet end of the water jacket is connected with the inlet at the top of the cooling tower;
the crankshaft is connected with pistons corresponding to the compression units through a plurality of connecting rods, the volumes of the cylinders are sequentially arranged from the low-pressure side to the high-pressure side of the system in a descending manner, and the bottom of each cylinder is provided with an air inlet valve, an exhaust valve and a negative pressure one-way valve.
Preferably, the crankshaft is supported by and rotatably connected to a support bearing.
Preferably, the crankshaft is connected with the connecting rods through crankshaft connecting rod bearings, and the connecting rods are respectively connected with the corresponding pistons through connecting rod piston bearings.
Preferably, the adjacent pistons are 180 degrees out of phase with the crankshaft at the connection point.
Preferably, the inlet valve of the first-stage cylinder close to the low-pressure side is connected with an inlet gas pipeline, the outlet valve of the last-stage cylinder close to the high-pressure side is connected with an outlet gas pipeline, and the outlet valves of the adjacent cylinders and the inlet valves of the adjacent cylinders are connected through gas conveying pipelines.
Preferably, the switches of the intake valve and the exhaust valve are connected with an electronic program control device or a mechanical valve and camshaft device.
Preferably, the arrangement of the cylinders on the crankshaft adopts a star arrangement, a single-row arrangement or a multi-row arrangement.
Preferably, the number of the compression units is not less than 2.
An operation method of a piston type multi-stage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system comprises a gas compression process, and comprises the following specific steps:
starting a water pump and a cooling tower to form cooling water circulation in the water jacket;
introducing gas from the low-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinders with smaller volumes by the cylinders with larger volumes, and the gas pressure is gradually increased;
each piston drives the crankshaft to rotate under the pushing of gas, after the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees, the gradual compression of the gas is completed, and the high-pressure gas is discharged by the last stage of cylinder close to the high-pressure side, so that the gas compression is realized.
Further, the method also comprises a gas expansion process, and comprises the following specific steps:
introducing high-pressure gas from a high-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinders with larger volumes from the cylinders with smaller volumes, and the gas is gradually expanded;
each piston drives the crankshaft to rotate under the pushing of gas, after the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees, the gradual expansion of the gas is completed, and the expanded gas is discharged by a first-stage cylinder close to the low-pressure side, so that the gas expansion is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a piston type multistage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system, which comprises a plurality of compression units with sequentially decreasing volumes, wherein each compression unit consists of a piston and a cylinder, adjacent pistons are driven to move relatively at a certain phase angle difference through a crankshaft, so that the adjacent pistons are sequentially compressed into the adjacent cylinders with smaller volumes from the cylinders with larger volumes at a lower pressure side at a slower speed, the gas is radiated through a water jacket sleeved outside the cylinders in the compression process to keep a near isothermal state, and is finally compressed to high pressure step by step, so that a near isothermal compression principle is realized, the electric energy consumption can be reduced, and the system efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the system has a reversible operation mode, namely, high-pressure gas enters from a cylinder with a small volume at a high-pressure side, and the gas is gradually expanded in a near isothermal manner and a crankshaft is pushed to do work through a process opposite to a compression process, so that the function of the near isothermal expansion machine is realized. The system can meet the requirement of multiple functions of the system, realizes compressed air energy storage and expanded gas work under a continuous near-isothermal air compression/expansion process, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and high isothermal efficiency.
Furthermore, the piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system can realize multiplication of system capacity by adopting a double-acting cylinder and piston mechanism, namely a mechanism capable of compressing and expanding gas in the process of movement of the piston in two directions in the cylinder.
Furthermore, the piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system is used for driving a crankshaft to rotate by various prime movers such as an electric motor and an internal combustion engine when gas is compressed, and the crankshaft can drive a power device such as a generator and a water pump when the gas is expanded to do work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the piston-type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the piston direction and the valve opening and closing sequence of the system of the present invention during compression;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the piston direction and the valve opening and closing sequence state of the system in the expansion process.
In the figure, 1 is a crankshaft, 2 is a connecting rod, 3 is a piston, 4 is a cylinder, 5 is an intake valve, 6 is an exhaust valve, 7 is a negative pressure check valve, 8 is a gas pipe, 9 is a water pump, 10 is a cooling tower, 11 is a water jacket, 12 is a cooling water pipe, 13 is a connecting rod piston bearing, 14 is a crankshaft connecting rod bearing, and 15 is a support bearing.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided as examples to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is provided for the purpose of facilitating and clearly illustrating embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a piston type multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system, which comprises a crankshaft 1, a plurality of compression units, a water pump 9 and a cooling tower 10, wherein the crankshaft 1 is provided with a plurality of compression units;
each compression unit comprises a cylinder 4, a piston 3 arranged in the cylinder 4 and a water jacket 11 sleeved outside the cylinder 4, wherein the inlet end of the water jacket 11 is connected with the outlet of a water pump 9, the inlet of the water pump 9 is connected with the outlet at the bottom of a cooling tower 10, and the outlet end of the water jacket 11 is connected with the inlet at the top of the cooling tower 10;
the crankshaft 1 is connected with pistons 3 corresponding to a plurality of compression units through a plurality of connecting rods 2, the volumes of the cylinders 4 are sequentially arranged in a descending manner from the low pressure side to the high pressure side of the system, and the bottom of each cylinder 4 is provided with an air inlet valve 5, an air outlet valve 6 and a negative pressure one-way valve 7.
The invention designs a piston type multistage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system, which comprises a plurality of compression units with sequentially decreasing volumes, wherein each compression unit consists of a piston 3 and a cylinder 4, adjacent pistons 3 are driven to perform relative motion at a certain phase angle difference through a crankshaft 1, so that the pistons compress gas into the cylinders 4 with smaller volumes from the cylinders 4 with larger volumes at a lower pressure side at a lower speed, the gas is radiated through a water jacket 11 sleeved outside the cylinders 4 in the compression process to keep a near isothermal state, and is finally compressed to high pressure step by step, so that a near isothermal compression principle is realized, the electric energy consumption can be reduced, and the system efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the system of the invention has a reversible operation mode, namely, high-pressure gas enters from the cylinder 4 with a small volume at the high-pressure side, and the gas is gradually expanded in a near isothermal manner and pushes the crankshaft 1 to do work through a process opposite to the compression process, so that the function of the near isothermal expansion machine is realized. The system can meet the requirement of multiple functions of the system, realizes compressed air energy storage and expanded gas work under a continuous near-isothermal air compression/expansion process, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and high isothermal efficiency.
Specifically, the piston type multistage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, includes a crankshaft 1, a connecting rod 2, a piston 3, a cylinder 4, an intake valve 5, an exhaust valve 6, a negative pressure check valve 7, a gas pipeline 8, a water pump 9, a cooling tower 10, a water jacket 11, a cooling water pipeline 12, a connecting rod piston bearing 13, a crankshaft connecting rod bearing 14, and a support bearing 15.
The crankshaft is supported by a support bearing 15 so as to be freely rotatable, and the crankshaft 1 is connected to each connecting rod 2 by a crankshaft connecting rod bearing 14, and each connecting rod is connected to a piston by a connecting rod piston bearing 13.
The system is provided with a plurality of pistons 3 and cylinders 4, one piston 3 and one cylinder 4 form one compression unit (the number of the compression units is more than or equal to 2), the cylinder volumes are sequentially and progressively decreased from a low pressure side to a high pressure side, and the phase angles (opposite to the reciprocating directions) of 180 degrees are formed at the positions where the adjacent pistons 3 are hinged with a crankshaft 1.
The bottom of each cylinder 4 is provided with an air inlet valve 5, an exhaust valve 6 and a negative pressure one-way valve 7, the air inlet valve 5 of the first cylinder at the low pressure side is connected with an air inlet pipeline 8, the exhaust valve 6 of the last cylinder at the high pressure side is connected with an air outlet pipeline 8, the exhaust valve 6 of the adjacent cylinder is connected with the air inlet valve 5 through the air pipeline 8, and the negative pressure one-way valve 7 is automatically opened only when the air pressure in the cylinder is lower than the external atmospheric pressure to suck external environment air.
The outer side of the cylinder wall of each cylinder 4 is provided with a water jacket 11, the inlet of the water jacket 11 is connected with the outlet of a water pump 9 through a cooling water pipeline 12, the inlet of the water pump 9 is connected with the outlet at the bottom of a cooling tower 10, and the outlet of the water jacket 11 is connected with the inlet at the top of the cooling tower 10 through the cooling water pipeline 12.
Taking an air medium as an example, along with the slow rotation of the crankshaft 1, the rotation speed of the crankshaft 1 is several to tens of revolutions per minute, the crankshaft 1 drives the connecting rod 2 to drive the adjacent pistons 3 to reciprocate reversely at a phase angle of 180 degrees, gas is sucked in through the first cylinder with a large volume at the low-pressure side and then compressed into the adjacent second cylinder, the gas is compressed to a higher pressure due to the small volume of the second cylinder, and the second cylinder provides a larger cooling and heat exchange area for the gas, and under the cooling effect of the water cooling jackets 11 of the two cylinders, the compression process can reach a near isothermal process.
The time sequence control of the air inlet valve 5 and the air outlet valve 7 can be realized by adopting an electromagnetic valve through an electronic program control device or a mechanical air valve and camshaft device, the air cylinder 4 rotates along with each circle of the crankshaft 1 to complete one air inlet and exhaust process, and the continuous operation of the whole system is realized; as the crankshaft 1 rotates, the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 are opened and closed at a certain timing, and the gas is sequentially pressed into the piston 3 having a smaller volume, so that a very high pressure, which may be 15 to 30MPa, is achieved, and then discharged out of the system.
When the engine is used as an expander, high-pressure gas is introduced from an exhaust valve 6 of a cylinder with the smallest volume on the high-pressure side (the exhaust valve is used as an intake valve at the moment, and the exhaust valve is used as an intake valve), the control time sequence of the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 is opposite to that of the compression process, the high-pressure gas sequentially passes through the cylinders 4 with gradually increased volumes, is gradually expanded under the cooling of the water jacket 11, and pushes the crankshaft 1 to do work to the outside, and the function of the near isothermal expander is realized.
The piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system is a set of basic device units capable of continuously operating to realize near-isothermal gas compression/expansion, the scale of the system can be increased by increasing the number of the basic device units in practical application, such as the schemes of star-shaped cylinder arrangement, multi-row cylinder arrangement and the like, and a linear operation mechanism can also replace a crankshaft 1 to rotate to drive a piston 3 to reciprocate, so that the function of the system is realized.
The piston type multistage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system can realize the multiplication of the system capacity by adopting a double-acting cylinder and piston mechanism, namely a mechanism which can compress and expand gas in the two-direction movement process of the piston in the cylinder.
The piston type multistage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system is used for driving a crankshaft 1 to rotate by various prime movers such as an electric motor, an internal combustion engine and the like when gas is compressed, and can drive a power device such as a generator, a water pump and the like when the gas is expanded to do work.
The invention also provides an operation method of the piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system, which comprises a gas compression process and comprises the following specific steps:
starting a water pump 9) and a cooling tower 10 to form cooling water circulation in a water jacket 11;
introducing gas from the low-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinders with smaller volumes by the cylinders with larger volumes, and the gas pressure is gradually increased;
each piston drives the crankshaft 1 to rotate under the pushing of gas, after the crankshaft 1 rotates 180 degrees, the gradual compression of the gas is completed, and the high-pressure gas is discharged by the last stage of cylinder close to the high-pressure side, so that the gas compression is realized.
The invention relates to an operation method of a piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system, which further comprises a gas expansion process, and the specific steps are as follows:
introducing high-pressure gas from a high-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinders with larger volumes from the cylinders with smaller volumes, and the gas is gradually expanded;
each piston drives the crankshaft 1 to rotate under the pushing of the gas, after the crankshaft 1 rotates 180 degrees, the gas is expanded step by step, and the expanded gas is discharged by a first-stage cylinder close to the low-pressure side, so that the gas expansion is realized.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
taking this embodiment as an example, before the system operates, the water pump 9 and the cooling tower 10 are started to circulate cooling water in the water jacket 11, and the preparation is completed.
In the compression process, as shown in fig. 2, the pistons of the first and third cylinders on the low-pressure side are located at the top dead center position, and the exhaust valve is opened; and the pistons of the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder are positioned at the bottom dead center, and the air inlet valve is opened. Each piston drives the crankshaft 1 to rotate under the drive of a motor, the pistons of the first cylinder and the third cylinder move downwards, the pistons of the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder move upwards, the gas in the first cylinder is pressed into the second cylinder, and the gas in the third cylinder is pressed into the fourth cylinder; the gas pressure increases as the cylinder volume decreases in turn. And when the crankshaft position reaches 180 degrees, opening the air inlet valves of the first and third cylinders, closing the exhaust valve, opening the exhaust valves of the second and fourth cylinders, closing the air inlet valves, enabling the pistons of the first and third cylinders to move upwards and the pistons of the second and fourth cylinders to move downwards along with the rotation of the crankshaft 1, enabling the first cylinder to suck gas in an inlet pipeline, enabling the fourth cylinder to discharge high-pressure gas to the outside of the system, pressing the gas in the second cylinder into the third cylinder until the crankshaft 1 returns to the 0-degree position, closing all the air valves, and entering the next step-by-step gas compression process.
In the compression process, because the gas is compressed between the two cylinders one by one, the gas and the cylinder wall have larger heat exchange area in the whole compression process, and the low-speed gradual near-isothermal process compression of the gas is completed under the cooling effect of the water jacket 11.
In the expansion process, as shown in fig. 3, high-pressure gas is introduced from the high-pressure side, the pistons of the first and third cylinders on the low-pressure side are located at the top dead center position, and the intake valve (which is used as an exhaust valve) is opened; and the pistons of the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder are positioned at the bottom dead center, and an exhaust valve (serving as an intake valve at the moment) is opened. Each piston drives the crankshaft 1 to rotate under the pushing of gas, the pistons of the first cylinder and the third cylinder move downwards, the pistons of the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder move upwards, the gas in the third cylinder expands to enter the second cylinder, and the gas in the first cylinder is exhausted out of the system; when the crankshaft reaches 180 degrees, opening exhaust valves of a first cylinder and a third cylinder (used as the intake valves at this time), closing the intake valves, opening intake valves of a second cylinder and a fourth cylinder (used as the exhaust valves at this time), closing the exhaust valves, enabling pistons of the first cylinder and the third cylinder to ascend, enabling pistons of the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder to descend, expanding gas in the fourth cylinder to the third cylinder, and expanding gas in the second cylinder to the first cylinder; and (4) closing all air valves until the crankshaft 1 returns to the 0-degree position, and entering the next step-by-step expansion process. In the expansion process, if the pressure of the introduced high-pressure gas is insufficient and the gas is excessively expanded to cause negative pressure, the negative pressure one-way valve 7 of each cylinder automatically opens to suck the external gas.
In the expansion process, because the gas is expanded between the two cylinders one by one, the gas and the cylinder wall have larger heat exchange area in the whole expansion process, and the low-speed gradual near isothermal expansion work doing process of the gas is completed under the cooling action of the water jacket 11.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way; one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure that the present invention can be practiced as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments according to the substantial technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A piston type multi-stage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system, characterized by comprising a crankshaft (1), a plurality of compression units, a water pump (9) and a cooling tower (10);
each compression unit comprises a cylinder (4), a piston (3) arranged in the cylinder (4) and a water jacket (11) sleeved outside the cylinder (4), the inlet end of the water jacket (11) is connected with the outlet of a water pump (9), the inlet of the water pump (9) is connected with the outlet at the bottom of a cooling tower (10), and the outlet end of the water jacket (11) is connected with the inlet at the top of the cooling tower (10);
the crankshaft (1) is connected with pistons (3) corresponding to the compression units through a plurality of connecting rods (2) which are connected, the volumes of the cylinders (4) are sequentially arranged in a descending manner from the low-pressure side to the high-pressure side of the system, and an air inlet valve (5), an air outlet valve (6) and a negative pressure one-way valve (7) are arranged at the bottom of each cylinder (4).
2. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that said crankshaft (1) is supported by and rotatably connected to supporting bearings (15).
3. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that said crankshaft (1) and connecting rods (2) are connected by crankshaft connecting rod bearings (14), a plurality of connecting rods (2) being connected by connecting rod piston bearings (13) respectively with corresponding pistons (3).
4. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent pistons (3) are at a phase angle of 180 degrees with the crankshaft (1) at the connection point.
5. A piston type multi-stage near isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet valve (5) of the first stage cylinder near the low pressure side is connected with an inlet gas pipe, the outlet valve (6) of the last stage cylinder near the high pressure side is connected with an outlet gas pipe, and the outlet valves (6) of the adjacent cylinders and the inlet valves (5) of the adjacent cylinders are connected by gas delivery pipes.
6. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switches of said intake (5) and exhaust (6) valves are connected with electronic programming means or mechanical valve and camshaft means.
7. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of cylinders (4) on said crankshaft (1) is in a star arrangement, a single row arrangement or a multi-row arrangement.
8. A piston multi-stage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 1, characterized in that said number of compression units is not less than 2.
9. A method for operating a piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system, characterized in that the piston type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system based on any one of claims 1-8 comprises a gas compression process, and comprises the following specific steps:
starting a water pump (9) and a cooling tower (10) to form cooling water circulation in a water jacket (11);
introducing gas from the low-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinders with smaller volumes by the cylinders with larger volumes, and the gas pressure is gradually increased;
each piston drives the crankshaft (1) to rotate under the pushing of gas, after the crankshaft (1) rotates 180 degrees, the gradual compression of the gas is completed, and the high-pressure gas is discharged from the last stage of cylinder close to the high-pressure side, so that the gas compression is realized.
10. The method of operating a piston-type multistage near-isothermal gas compression/expansion system according to claim 9, further comprising a gas expansion process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
introducing high-pressure gas from a high-pressure side, wherein the running directions of pistons of adjacent cylinders are opposite, the gas in the adjacent cylinders is gradually pressed into the cylinder with larger volume from the cylinder with smaller volume, and the gas is gradually expanded;
each piston drives the crankshaft (1) to rotate under the pushing of gas, after the crankshaft (1) rotates 180 degrees, the gradual expansion of the gas is completed, and the expanded gas is discharged by the first-stage cylinder close to the low-pressure side, so that the gas expansion is realized.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115773164A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-10 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Isothermal compressed air synergistic energy storage system and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115773164A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-10 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Isothermal compressed air synergistic energy storage system and method |
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