CN115572869A - Anti-cracking aluminum alloy for new energy automobile battery box and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking aluminum alloy for new energy automobile battery box and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001887 electron backscatter diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
An anti-cracking aluminum alloy for a new energy automobile battery box and a preparation method thereof belong to the field of wrought aluminum alloy manufacturing, and comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: 0.8-1.2% of Mg,0.4-0.8% of Si,0.2-0.4% of Fe and 0.2-0.3% of Cu, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The high-performance heat-resistant extrusion rare earth aluminum alloy has good mechanical properties at normal temperature and high temperature. According to the invention, the deformed aluminum alloy microstructure with a single-phase structure is obtained by reasonably controlling the composition components and the use amount of each component of the aluminum alloy, the structure is uniform, the solid solution strengthening effect of various elements is utilized, the phenomenon that a second phase generated by excessive addition of the elements obstructs the subsequent extrusion deformation treatment process is avoided, the problem of difficult extrusion of the aluminum alloy is solved, the growth of crystal grains in the extrusion process is avoided, and the finally obtained high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy with a fine and uniform alloy microstructure is obtained. The method is simple and easy to operate, has low requirements on equipment, is low in cost, and is suitable for expanded production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, and particularly relates to an anti-cracking aluminum alloy for a new energy automobile battery box and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is used as a light metal structural material, has strong impact resistance and abundant reserves, and has important significance for developing new energy sources, reducing weight and reducing energy consumption of vehicles for modern products. Al alloy is widely applied in modern industry, but still has a plurality of defects, and the plastic deformation capability of the Al alloy is limited because the Al alloy has a face-centered cubic structure; the strength is low, and the material cannot be independently used as a structural material in the aviation or automobile field; the as-cast metallographic structure of the Al-Mg alloy consists of an alpha-Al phase and a beta-Mg 2Al3 phase, but the beta-Mg 2Al3 phase has low melting point, so that the Al-Mg alloy has low high-temperature strength and poor creep resistance, and therefore, the Al-Mg alloy cannot work in an environment higher than 120 ℃ for a long time, namely, the Al-Mg alloy has poor high-temperature performance and cannot be used as a high-temperature engine and the like. Further limiting the wide use of aluminum alloys. In contrast, the particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material attracts attention because of its advantages of low cost of the reinforcing phase, uniform microstructure, isotropic material properties, and the ability to be prepared by conventional metal preparation processes.
By looking up relevant data, the shape and the quantity of Mg2Si in the Al-Mg-Si alloy can be improved by hot extrusion, heat treatment, rapid solidification, alloy mechanization, electromagnetic stirring and electromagnetic separation, improvement treatment (adding alloy elements) and other methods. Wherein, T4 solution treatment can obviously improve the appearance and distribution of Mg2Si phase in the Al-based composite material, and the prismatic dendritic crystal Mg2Si phase is gradually fused and spheroidized along with the prolonging of time. But the T4 treatment reduces the hardness of the material; the reciprocating extrusion has a good crushing effect on the Mg2Si phase in the as-cast Al-based composite material, the better the crushing effect on the Mg2Si phase by the extrusion is, the more uniform the distribution of the Mg2Si phase in the composite material is, and the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an anti-cracking aluminum alloy for a new energy automobile battery box and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the defects in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: 0.8-1.2% of Mg,0.4-0.8% of Si,0.2-0.4% of Fe and 0.2-0.3% of Cu, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box is characterized in that: the mass of the impurities is less than 0.03 percent of the total mass.
A preparation method of anti-cracking aluminum alloy for a new energy automobile battery box is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: smelting and casting: preheating the mixture at 150-250 ℃, in the smelting process, heating the resistance furnace to 690-710 ℃, then adding pure aluminum, heating the pure aluminum to 740-760 ℃ after the pure aluminum is completely melted, adding magnesium ingots, al-20Si intermediate alloy, al-25Cu intermediate alloy and Al-30Fe intermediate alloy, fully stirring during smelting, standing for 30min, and then casting into a preheating mold;
step two: homogenization treatment: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace at the heating speed of 15-20 ℃/min, heating to 530-560 ℃, preserving heat for 12-24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
step three: machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step two to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
step four: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step three, carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, and carrying out technological parameters: the extrusion temperature is 430-470 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 2mm/s;
step five: and (3) aging treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step four in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-12h.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box is characterized in that after an aluminum ingot is melted, an industrial pure magnesium ingot, an Al-20Si intermediate alloy, an Al-25Cu intermediate alloy and an Al-30Fe intermediate alloy are sequentially added, melted and uniformly mixed to form a melt; and standing the melt, refining, and injecting the melt into a preheated casting mold for casting and forming to obtain the aluminum alloy cast ingot.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box is characterized in that the forming process of the melt is as follows: adding industrial pure Mg when the melting temperature of the aluminum ingot rises to 690 ℃, adding Al-20Cu intermediate alloy and Al-20Si intermediate alloy into the melt when the temperature continues to rise to 720 ℃, and adding Al-30Fe intermediate alloy after the furnace temperature rises to 780 ℃.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box is characterized in that the refining temperature is 760 ℃, and the casting forming temperature is 710-720 ℃.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box is characterized in that the specific operation of the different-temperature extrusion is as follows: heating the T6-state aluminum alloy cast ingot to 480-510 ℃, preheating a die to 450-480 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding at an extrusion ratio of 10-30.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the aluminum alloy adopts low-content Cu and Fe as alloying elements, the Cu element is dissolved in a matrix in a solid way to play a role in solid solution strengthening, and meanwhile, the extrusion texture can be effectively weakened, so that the extruded alloy presents the rare earth texture characteristic, and basal plane slippage and stretching twin crystal starting in the room-temperature deformation process are facilitated; fe can obviously refine alloy as-cast grains, so as to achieve the purpose of fine grain strengthening; the two components act together to ensure that the aluminum alloy obtains ultrahigh plasticity at room temperature;
2. the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box can be quickly extruded and formed at one time by conventional extrusion equipment, and the process is simple and easy to control; meanwhile, the heat treatment process consuming time and energy before extrusion and after extrusion is omitted, so that the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is saved, and the popularization and the application are facilitated;
3. the aluminum alloy deformation material prepared by the invention shows ultrahigh plasticity with elongation after fracture higher than 16% after being stretched at room temperature, and can be subjected to large-strain forming and cold processing; meanwhile, the alloy has good tensile strength, the comprehensive mechanical property is far higher than that of pure aluminum treated under the same condition, and the application requirement of complex working conditions can be met.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a metallographic microstructure of an as-cast alloy according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic microstructure of an alloy in an extruded state according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of EBSD IPF (Electron Back Scattering diffraction grain orientation) of example 2 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Smelting and casting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, al-Si intermediate alloys, al-Cu intermediate alloys and Al-Fe intermediate alloys are used as raw materials, proportioning is carried out according to the weight percentage of Mg 0.8%, si 0.5%, cu 0.3%, fe 0.3% and the balance of Al, the alloy proportioning is preheated to 250 ℃, in the smelting process, a resistance furnace is heated to 710 ℃, then pure aluminum is put into the furnace, when pure Al is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 760 ℃, the magnesium ingots, the Al-20Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are added, fully stirred in the smelting period, and cast into a preheating die after standing for 30 min.
(2) Homogenizing: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) Machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
(4) Extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step (3), and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the process parameters are as follows: extrusion temperature 470 ℃, extrusion ratio 25, extrusion speed 2mm/s.
(5) Aging treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy in the step (4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8h.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy deformed material prepared in the embodiment are specifically that the room-temperature tensile yield strength is 259MPa, the tensile strength is 210MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 8%.
Example 2
(1) Smelting and casting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, al-Si intermediate alloys, al-Cu intermediate alloys and Al-Fe intermediate alloys are used as raw materials, proportioning is carried out according to the weight percentage of Mg 1.0%, si 0.6%, cu 0.2%, fe 0.4% and the balance of Al, the alloy proportioning is preheated to 200 ℃, in the smelting process, a resistance furnace is heated to 710 ℃, then pure aluminum is put into the furnace, when pure Al is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 750 ℃, the magnesium ingots, the Al-20Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are added, fully stirred in the smelting period, and cast into a preheating die after standing for 30 min.
(2) Homogenizing: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 530 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) Machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
(4) Extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step (3), and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the process parameters are as follows: extrusion temperature 460 ℃, extrusion ratio 25, extrusion speed 2mm/s.
(5) Aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 175 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8h.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy deformed material prepared in the embodiment are specifically represented by a room-temperature tensile yield strength of 285MPa, a tensile strength of 223MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 8%.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic microstructure of an as-cast and as-extruded alloy according to example 2 of the present invention, and it can be seen from the analysis that the as-cast structure of the alloy prepared according to the present invention is uniform and has a distinct equiaxial crystal shape. After the alloy is subjected to one-time rapid hot extrusion forming, the grains are obviously refined and have the characteristics of double-size grains.
FIG. 2 is an EBSD IPF chart of example 2 of the present invention, from which analysis, it can be seen that the alloy has dynamic recrystallization during extrusion, the alloy has dispersed grain orientation and soft orientation after extrusion, and the calculated average grain size is 4.3 μm.
From (0001) pole figure analysis, the extruded alloy presents rare earth texture characteristics, the c axis of most crystal grains deviates from the Extrusion Direction (ED) by about 45 degrees, and the maximum pole density is 2.5; the analysis showed that the texture component was <11-22 >/ED.
Example 3
(1) Smelting and casting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, al-Si intermediate alloys, al-Cu intermediate alloys and Al-Fe intermediate alloys are used as raw materials, the raw materials are mixed according to the weight percentage of Mg1.2%, si 0.7%, cu 0.2%, fe 0.4% and the balance of Al, the alloy mixture is preheated to 150 ℃, in the process of smelting, a resistance furnace is heated to 710 ℃, then pure aluminum is put into the furnace, when pure Al is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 760 ℃, the magnesium ingots, the Al-20Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are added, fully stirred in the smelting period, and cast into a preheating mold after standing for 30 min.
(2) Homogenization treatment: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 560 ℃ at the heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) Machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
(4) And (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step (3), and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the process parameters are as follows: extrusion temperature 460 ℃, extrusion ratio 25, extrusion speed 2mm/s.
(5) Aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 160 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12h.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy wrought material prepared in the embodiment are specifically that the room-temperature tensile yield strength is 272MPa, the tensile strength is 193MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 9%.
Example 4
(1) Smelting and casting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, al-Si intermediate alloys, al-Cu intermediate alloys and Al-Fe intermediate alloys are used as raw materials, materials are mixed according to the weight percentage of Mg1.2%, si 0.8%, cu 0.2%, fe 0.3% and the balance of Al, the alloy materials are preheated to 250 ℃, pure aluminum is placed after a resistance furnace is heated to 690-710 ℃ in the smelting process, the temperature is raised to 760 ℃ after pure Al is completely melted, the magnesium ingots, the Al-20Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are added, the mixture is fully stirred in the smelting period, and the mixture is cast into a preheating mold after standing for 30 min.
(2) Homogenizing: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 530 ℃ at the heating speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) Machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
(4) And (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step (3), and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the process parameters are as follows: extrusion temperature 470 ℃, extrusion ratio 25, extrusion speed 2mm/s.
(5) And (3) aging treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy in the step (4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8h.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy deformed material prepared in the embodiment are specifically represented by a room-temperature tensile yield strength of 289MPa, a tensile strength of 201MPa and an elongation after fracture of 8%.
Example 5
(1) Smelting and casting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, al-Si intermediate alloys, al-Cu intermediate alloys and Al-Fe intermediate alloys are used as raw materials, proportioning is carried out according to the weight percentage of Mg1.2%, si 0.7%, cu 0.3%, fe 0.4% and the balance of Al, the alloy proportioning is preheated to 150-250 ℃, pure aluminum is placed after a resistance furnace is heated to 710 ℃ in the smelting process, the magnesium ingots, the Al-20Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are added after pure Al is completely molten and heated to 760 ℃, the pure aluminum is fully stirred in the smelting period, and the pure aluminum, the Al-Si intermediate alloys, the Al-25Cu intermediate alloys and the Al-30Fe intermediate alloys are cast into a preheating mold after standing for 30 min.
(2) Homogenizing: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 560 ℃ at the heating speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) Machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
(4) And (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step (3), and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the process parameters are as follows: extrusion temperature 470 ℃, extrusion ratio 25, extrusion speed 2mm/s.
(5) And (3) aging treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy in the step (4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8h.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile is anti performance aluminum alloy that splits for battery box which characterized in that: the material composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8-1.2% of Mg,0.4-0.8% of Si,0.2-0.4% of Fe and 0.2-0.3% of Cu, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass of the impurities is less than 0.03 percent of the total mass.
3. A preparation method of anti-cracking aluminum alloy for a new energy automobile battery box is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: smelting and casting: preheating the mixture at 150-250 ℃, in the smelting process, heating the resistance furnace to 690-710 ℃, then adding pure aluminum, heating the pure aluminum to 740-760 ℃ after the pure aluminum is completely melted, adding magnesium ingots, al-20Si intermediate alloy, al-25Cu intermediate alloy and Al-30Fe intermediate alloy, fully stirring during smelting, standing for 30min, and then casting into a preheating mold;
step two: homogenizing: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step (1) in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 530-560 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 15-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
step three: machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step two to a proper size to obtain a cast rod with the diameter phi of 300mm for later use;
step four: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step three, carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, and carrying out technological parameters: the extrusion temperature is 430-470 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 2mm/s;
step five: aging treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step four in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-12h.
4. The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that after an aluminum ingot is melted, an industrial pure magnesium ingot, an Al-20Si intermediate alloy, an Al-25Cu intermediate alloy and an Al-30Fe intermediate alloy are sequentially added, melted and uniformly mixed to form a melt; and standing the melt, refining, and injecting the melt into a preheated casting mold for casting and forming to obtain the aluminum alloy cast ingot.
5. The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that the melt is formed by the following specific steps: adding industrial pure Mg when the melting temperature of the aluminum ingot rises to 690 ℃, adding Al-20Cu intermediate alloy and Al-20Si intermediate alloy into the melt when the temperature continues to rise to 720 ℃, and adding Al-30Fe intermediate alloy after the furnace temperature rises to 780 ℃.
6. The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box according to claim 3, wherein the refining temperature is 760 ℃, and the casting forming temperature is 710-720 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the anti-cracking aluminum alloy for the new energy automobile battery box according to claim 3, wherein the specific operation of the differential temperature extrusion is as follows: heating the T6-state aluminum alloy cast ingot to 480-510 ℃, preheating a die to 450-480 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding at an extrusion ratio of 10-30.
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| JP2008223108A (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Forged material of aluminum alloy and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN104975214A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-14 | 重庆大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111979457A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-24 | 烟台南山学院 | Ultrahigh-plasticity aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113234949A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing regenerated wrought aluminum alloy from waste aluminum alloy |
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| JP2008223108A (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Forged material of aluminum alloy and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN104975214A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-14 | 重庆大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111979457A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-24 | 烟台南山学院 | Ultrahigh-plasticity aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113234949A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing regenerated wrought aluminum alloy from waste aluminum alloy |
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