CN115400363A

CN115400363A - Simple and reliable multifunctional mask

Info

Publication number: CN115400363A
Application number: CN202211139724.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邸天健; 邸永春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-19
Filing date: 2022-09-19
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-19
Also published as: CN115400363B

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple and reliable multifunctional mask, and belongs to the field of respiratory protection. The operation of the filter, the water dispenser, the atomizer, the communication module and the direct external air source device is simplified through the circulating self-locking button; the intelligent voice interaction module is utilized to liberate both hands of a person; the control is more intelligent by using the machine vision and harmful environment sensors, and a wearer does not need to do any operation; a unique, simple and convenient control method with strong anti-interference capability is created by using the distance measuring sensor; the breathing resistance is greatly reduced by using the cylindrical filter; furthermore, the virtual mask is adopted instead of the solid mask, so that the effect of zero breathing resistance is achieved; the connection with the self-rescuer is realized by a manual mode, and the purpose of being free from loss is achieved. The invention has wide application range and can be used for occasions with fire fighting, mines, medical treatment, high smoke and high dust.

Description

Simple and reliable multifunctional mask

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of respiratory protection articles, and particularly relates to a simple and reliable multifunctional mask.

Background

At present, no matter fire control, dustproof or medical treatment, the multifunctional mask has the problems of complex operation, unsanitary structure, unreasonable pipeline connection, low intelligent degree, single function and large respiratory resistance.

In the aspect of the drinking function of the multifunctional mask, CN 215461517U is typical, which stores water through a drinking trough and sprays water to the mouth by pressing a pressure lever with a hand. For example, CN 111282172A, which stores water by drinking water bag and puts the straw into the mouth by hand to drink.

In the aspect of direct air, CN 210170696U is typical, and although it is called "one-key-on", two pressing points are actually provided, and the on and off are not the same button, which may cause wrong pressing; also, as in CN 216877625U, the operation steps of opening and closing the through atmosphere are different, which increases the complexity of the operation. For another example, CN 208599015U obtains whether smoke reaches the mask and whether the smoke concentration exceeds the standard through the smoke sensor as the basis for opening and closing the external atmosphere device, but the smoke reaches the smoke sensor and is detected later, because the inhalation of the wearer generates negative pressure, a large amount of smoke is inhaled first, the smoke sensor does not generate negative pressure, and the detection result is later than the inhalation of the wearer, so the data of the smoke sensor cannot be used as the basis for the operation of the external atmosphere device.

In the aspect of pipeline connection, CN 210963627U and CN 216877625U are typical, the connection mode of the former is an inseparable low-pressure air guide pipe, the latter is an inseparable high-pressure air guide pipe, both are provided with filters, and the filtering mode and the compressed air self-rescuer mode are automatically switched by adopting a gas-driven piston mode. There are two very large risks with this construction. First, both low pressure and high pressure air ducts are in the condition of 'hands and feet being obstructed' during normal operation. The air duct of the self-rescuer is not used at all during normal operation, and can be frequently touched during operation, so that the probability of damage is quite high. The greatest risk is that even if the wearer is damaged, the wearer does not know the damage, and then a dangerous condition that the self-rescuer cannot be used at all occurs during escape. Secondly, the automatic switching of the piston is adopted for switching the filtering function and the self-rescuer function, so that great risk is brought. This is because the self-rescuer function does not use at all at ordinary times, and long time piston probably produces the adhesion with the cylinder body, can't switch to the risk of self-rescuer function when causing to flee.

In the aspect of drinking and spraying functions of the medical multifunctional mask, CN 214970738U is typical, a hole is formed in the mask, the mask is sealed by a rubber plug at ordinary times, the rubber plug is pulled out when the mask is used, and a suction tube is inserted into the mask to allow a patient to drink water (the other end of the suction tube is a water storage tank). For example, CN 206675800U, a hole is arranged on a mask, and when the mask is used, the air pipe is inserted into the mask for breathing of a patient (the other end of the suction pipe is an ultrasonic atomizer). The two medical multifunctional masks have the defect that complicated operation is required to be carried out by hands. The upgraded version of the medical multifunctional mask with the drinking function is CN 111297041A, and mainly aims at medical care personnel who wear protective clothing for new coronary pneumonia, and a water pump is added on the basis of a water bag and a drinking water pipe, and other structures are the same as those of the two patents. When drinking water is needed, the switch water pump is turned on to operate, and then the water can be sprayed into the inlet. However, the water spraying time and angle are difficult to accurately control, the closing of the mouth part and the stopping of the water spraying can not be synchronized almost, and experiments prove that only a small part of water is sprayed into the mouth, most of the water directly leaks into the mask, meshes are blocked, and the function of the mask is damaged. The obvious deficiency exists in the aspect of humanized design.

The existing dust mask mainly has a simple filtering type and an electric air supply type, a large number of patents can be found, and the existing dust mask can also be purchased at any place in the market and is not listed any more. The former has simple structure but large respiratory resistance; the latter has a small respiratory resistance but is poorly portable. At present, a mask which has small breathing resistance and good portability does not exist. Through investigation of the disease history of patients with silicosis, dust is diffused everywhere in workplaces, and the patients have not only work but also rest. Even so, many people are reluctant to wear dust masks. The main reason is that the dust mask is too suffocated and feels foreign bodies, and even if the dust mask worn is in positive pressure type, the breathing resistance is very small, but the face always feels foreign bodies when the dust mask is worn.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a simple and reliable multifunctional mask, and solves the problems of complex operation, unsanitary structure, unreasonable pipeline connection, low intelligent degree, single function, large breathing resistance and foreign body sensation during wearing of the existing mask.

If the wearer of the multifunctional mask is a fire fighter or a medical worker, both hands have very important things to do; if the wearer is a patient, it is in a weakened state. The simpler the operation of the multifunctional mask, the better. The simplest operation mode of 'one-key start and stop' or even 'no-key start and stop' is adopted as far as possible. Following this principle, in addition to overcoming the non-humanized design of the existing mask, the present invention aims to improve the existing multifunctional mask by: (1) all functional modules realize real one-key start-stop of the same key, and further, the one-key start-stop key is not used as much as possible, so that voice control can be realized as much as possible. Furthermore, an artificial intelligent image recognition technology and a distance measuring sensor are adopted, and the functional module can be controlled without voice; (2) the external air source interface adopts a humanized design, and the non-detachable connection is changed into a detachable connection; (3) in the aspect of switching the functions of the self-rescuer, unreliable automatic switching is abandoned, and reliable manual switching is adopted; (4) a device for automatically aligning the straw to the mouth part when drinking water is needed and keeping the straw away from the mouth part after drinking water is finished is added for the drinking function, and a distance measuring sensor for detecting whether the mouth part is opened is added, so that the effect that the straw is automatically aligned to the mouth part only when a person opens the mouth is realized; furthermore, a regular opening and closing method is adopted to transmit information to the microcontroller, so that the action of all the modules is controlled; (5) aiming at the defects of the existing dust mask, a 'virtual mask' method is adopted, namely filtered airflow is sprayed to the face of a person, a dust-free space is formed in the area near the mouth and the nose of the person, water mist is added into the airflow to increase the dust fall effect, and the method has the wonderful effect of being different from that of a solid dust mask.

According to the above thought, the content of the invention is as follows:

the invention as one aspect of the invention comprises a mask main body and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following five functional modules: the filter, the drinking bowl, the atomizer, the communication module, lead to the external air supply device, at least one switch corresponds to said function module one-to-one, especially said switch, for open and close two kinds of state have one locking position (can realize opening or closing only with the same kind of pressing movement) circulate the self-locking button, said circulation self-locking button can be the entity, can also be the fictitious; may be electrical or mechanical; the mask body can be solid or virtual.

The mask comprises a mask body, a microprocessor and a function module group, wherein the function module group at least comprises one of the following five function modules: the intelligent voice man-machine interaction device comprises a filter, a water dispenser, an atomizer, a communication module and a direct external air source device, and particularly further comprises an intelligent voice man-machine interaction module and a microprocessor, wherein the intelligent voice man-machine interaction module is built in or connected to the microprocessor, and at least one output end of the microprocessor is connected with the functional module.

The mask comprises a mask body, a microprocessor and a function module group, wherein the function module group at least comprises one of the following five function modules: the device comprises a filter, a water dispenser, an atomizer, a communication module and a direct external air source device, and particularly further comprises a distance measuring sensor or/and a machine vision sensor, wherein the distance measuring sensor is fixed on the inner side of the face mask, and the machine vision sensor is fixed on the outer side of the face mask; the distance measuring sensor detects the regular opening and closing actions of a person, and the microprocessor can judge the intention of the wearer according to the regular opening and closing actions, and adjusts a certain functional module in the functional module to a state corresponding to the intention of the wearer; when the machine vision sensor detects that smoke, dust and toxic and harmful gas are approaching, the microprocessor closes the direct-connection external gas source device, and vice versa.

The mask comprises a mask body, a microprocessor and a function module group, wherein the function module group at least comprises one of the following five function modules: the filter, the water dispenser, the atomizer, the communication module and the external air source device are communicated, particularly, the filter, the external air source device and the atomizer are further provided with a harmful environment sensor, the harmful environment sensor comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a toxic and harmful gas sensor and a dust concentration sensor, and the filter, the external air source device and the atomizer can be opened or closed through information of the sensors by the microprocessor.

Preferably, the filter is a cylindrical filter.

Preferably, at least one of an external air source device, a water fountain, an atomizer and a communication module is arranged in the space in the middle of the cylindrical filter or on an extension line of the axis of the cylindrical filter.

Preferably, the external air source can be a gas cylinder of a self-rescuer or a chemical oxygen agent, can be clean atmosphere, can also be air supply of a medical respirator, and can also be filtered clean air, particularly, the direct external air source device consists of a cylinder body and a piston, and when the piston is positioned at the upper part or the lower part of the cylinder body, the space in the face mask and the external air source are respectively in two states of communication and isolation; at ordinary times, the piston is pressed on a sealing ring fixed on the cylinder body under the pressure of a spring, and the space in the mask is isolated from an external air source; when the piston moves upwards, the piston is separated from the sealing ring of the cylinder body, and the space in the mask is communicated with an external air source;

the power for moving the piston can be from a motor or can be mechanical and manual;

when the motor is adopted for moving, the circular motion can be converted into the linear motion by a gear rack, a roller and a steel wire rope or other mechanisms;

when mechanical and manual operation is adopted, two situations are distinguished: the first mode is a through atmosphere mode in daily work, and the second mode is a mode of connecting a self-rescuer or other gas supply equipment;

in the first case, the manual mechanism comprises a mechanical button with two locking states and a mechanism for converting the horizontal linear motion of the mechanical button into the vertical linear motion of the piston;

in the second case, a manual mode must be adopted; a female joint is arranged on the multifunctional mask, a male joint is arranged at the end of the self-rescuer, the male joint and the female joint are butted when an accident escapes or other gas supply equipment needs to be connected, the piston is upwards jacked by the male joint of the self-rescuer or other gas supply equipment, the internal space of the mask is directly communicated with the internal space of the self-rescuer or other gas supply equipment, and mode conversion is completed.

Preferably, the drinking fountain comprises a suction pipe and a kettle, and particularly further comprises a suction pipe end state adjusting device, wherein one end of the suction pipe extends into the kettle, and the other end of the suction pipe is connected with the suction pipe end state adjusting device; the other end of the suction pipe comprises a normal state and a negative state, and when the other end of the suction pipe is in the normal state, the end part of the suction pipe is positioned at a position convenient for a wearer to drink water; when in the negative state, the end of the straw avoids the mouth of a person.

Preferably, the atomizer comprises an atomizer body, and particularly at least one of a water feeder and a liquid level sensor.

The invention also provides a mask body and a function module group, wherein the function module group at least comprises one of the following three function modules: the mask comprises a filter, a water dispenser and an atomizer, particularly, a mask main body is a virtual mask consisting of an air curtain, and the filter is a power air supply type filter.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the operation of the filter, the water fountain, the atomizer, the communication module and the direct external air source device is simplified through the circulating self-locking button; the intelligent voice interaction module is utilized to liberate both hands of a person; the control is more intelligent by using the machine vision and harmful environment sensors, and a wearer does not need to do any operation; a unique, simple and convenient control method with strong anti-interference capability is created by using the distance measuring sensor; the breathing resistance is greatly reduced by using the cylindrical filter; furthermore, the virtual mask is adopted instead of the solid mask, so that the effect of zero breathing resistance is achieved; the connection with the self-rescuer is realized by a manual mode, and the purpose of being free from loss is achieved. The invention has wide application range and can be used for occasions with fire fighting, mines, medical treatment, high smoke and high dust.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a rear view, a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the filter of embodiment 1 in a filter mode (a thick line with an arrow indicates a breathing gas path);

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged sectional view (a thick line with an arrow indicates an air passage) in the self-rescuer mode in accordance with embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the mask portion of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the direct external air supply device of embodiment 1 using a steering engine as power;

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of embodiment 1;

fig. 7 is a perspective view, a partial sectional view, and a schematic circuit diagram of a virtual mask according to embodiment 3.

In fig. 1-7, 1 is a power switch, 2 is a mask body, 3 is a battery, 4 is a horn, 5 is a microphone, 6 is an intelligent voice man-machine interaction module LD3320,7 is a microcontroller, 8 is a temperature sensor, 9 is a camera, 10 is a machine vision sensor, 11 is an external air source device steering engine, 12 is a water fountain steering engine, 13 is an atomizer, 14 is a communication module, 15 is a through external air source device electronic button, 20 is a through external air source device mechanical button, 16 is a water fountain button, 17 is an atomizer button, 18 is a communication module button, 19 is a distance measuring sensor, 20 is a through external air source device mechanical button, 21 is a buckle body, 22 is a buckle button, 49 is a snap spring, 23 is an atomizer water supply pump, 24 is an atomization water level sensor, 25 is a check valve, 26 is a buzzer, 27 is a sealing ring, 29 is a filter housing, 30 is a piston, 31 is a suction pipe, 32 is an atomizer pipe, 33 is a cylindrical filter, 34 is an electrical system shell, 35 is a kettle, 36 is a self-rescuer quick plug, 37 is a rack, 38 is a gear, 39 is a roller, 40 is a steel wire rope, 41 is a spring, 42 is an expiration one-way valve plate, 43 is a cylinder body, 44 is a mechanical self-locking switch main body, 45 is a constraint shaft, 46 is a gear shaft, 47 is a bearing, 48 is a mechanical self-locking switch piston rod, 50 is a kettle water level sensor, 51 is an atomizer container, 52 is a filter cover, 52 is a toxic and harmful gas sensor, 53 is a dust concentration sensor, 59 is a helmet inner shell, 60 is a helmet shell, 61 is a water filling port, 62 is an ozone generator, 63 is an air distribution space, 64 is a fan, 65 is a fan button, 70 is an ozone generator button, 66 is an air collection container, 67 is a cotton core, 68 is a water storage container, and 69 is a narrow slit-shaped air window.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It is also to be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are used broadly. For example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. These terms can be easily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate for the particular situation.

With the increasing development of electronic technology, many chip manufacturers integrate the peripheral devices originally belonging to the microprocessor on the printed circuit board into the chip, which is called "on-chip peripheral device". The intelligent module or sensor related to the present invention may also be integrated into the microcontroller, or the intelligent module is integrated into the microcontroller, but the principle and structure of the present invention are not changed, and the present invention also belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

The microcontroller generally has a sleep function, the power consumption is extremely low during sleep, even can be as low as 0.5uA, and the consumption of the battery can be almost ignored even if the microcontroller is standby for three years. In the following embodiments 1 and 2, the power switch can be simplified if the microcontroller is set to sleep mode, and the wake-up is essentially the same as the power switch, although there are many ways.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 4, the battery 3 supplies power to the microcontroller 7 through the power switch 1. The microcontroller 7 is directly or indirectly connected with a loudspeaker 4, a microphone 5, an intelligent voice man-machine interaction module 6, a temperature sensor 8, a toxic and harmful gas sensor 52, a dust concentration sensor 53, a machine vision module 10, a camera 9 connected through the machine vision sensor 10, a direct external air source device steering engine 11, a water dispenser steering engine 12, an atomizer 13, a communication module 14, a distance measuring sensor 19, an atomizer water supply pump 23, a water level sensor 24, a buzzer 26, a direct external air source device electronic button 15, a water dispenser button 16, an atomizer button 17 and a communication module button 18, and if a wearer needs to start or stop the direct external air source device, a water dispenser, an atomizer and the communication module, the same pressing action is used for operating the corresponding electronic buttons.

Among the above components, the atomizer water supply pump 23, the battery 3, the power switch 1, the electronic button 15 connected to the external air source device, the mechanical button 20 connected to the external air source device, the water fountain button 16, the atomizer button 17, the communication module button 18, and the printed circuit board are all integrated on the surface of or inside the electrical system housing 34.

The outer surface of the face mask 2 is fixed with a temperature sensor 8, a toxic and harmful gas sensor 52 and a dust concentration sensor 53, when the sensors monitor that the external environment is harmful to human body, for example, the temperature is too high, the concentration of toxic and harmful gas or the concentration of dust is too high, a signal is sent to the microcontroller 7, and the microcontroller 7 controls the action of the functional module to protect the respiratory system of a wearer.

The barrel-type filter element has the advantages of small volume, large effective area and small resistance, so the barrel-type filter element is widely applied to pipeline Y-type filters, oil filters of automobiles, diesel filters, air filters and the like, and the filter 33 is designed to be cylindrical in the embodiment. According to the actual measurement, the filter paper is overlapped and pressed into the folding fan shape in the cylindrical filter 33 of the embodiment, the area of the filter paper can reach 3.2A 4 paper, which is 46 times of the cross-sectional area occupied by the filter, and this means that the suction resistance is only 1/46 of that of the common disc type filter paper. Another advantage of the cylindrical shape is that there is a cylindrical space in the middle, which is very important in this embodiment because other parts can be placed by using this space, which saves space and improves portability (in this embodiment, there is a through external air supply device). In toxic gas environment, the cylindrical filter is generally filled with medicament, and due to the characteristics of the cylindrical filter, the contact area between toxic gas and medicament particles is large, so that the filtering efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a microphone 5 is fixed on the inner surface of a face mask 2, a loudspeaker 4, a camera 9 and a water fountain steering engine 12 are fixed on the outer surface, one end of a suction pipe 31 extends into a kettle 35, and the other end of the suction pipe penetrates into the interior of the face mask 2 from the outer surface of the face mask and is connected with an output shaft of the water fountain steering engine 12; when the output shaft of steering wheel 12 rotated, the other end of straw 31 also followed and rotated, realized the normal aim at people's oral area, the purpose that people's oral area was avoided to the negative attitude. In addition, a check valve 25 is disposed in the middle of the suction pipe 31 to prevent water in the pipe from flowing back to the kettle 35 to contaminate the water in the kettle. Fig. 2 is a partial cross-section of the mask in a filter mode. The piston 30 is tightly attached to the sealing ring 27 under the pressure of the spring 41, so that the gas breathed by the human body cannot be directly exchanged with the outside, and only can be exchanged through the filter 33 and the expiration check valve plate 42. The path during inspiration is shown by the thick line a in fig. 2, and the path during expiration is shown by the thick line B in fig. 2. If the surrounding environment is good and no toxic or harmful gas exists, the wearer can adopt a direct atmosphere mode for smooth breathing, and the breathing of the human body is directly exchanged with the atmosphere.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of embodiment 1 of the present invention in the self-rescuer mode and the through-air mode (the thick line with arrows indicates the air path). The self-rescuer mode is different from the through atmosphere mode in that the piston 30 of the self-rescuer mode is pushed up by the head of the self-rescuer quick connector 36, and the breath of a human body directly enters the self-rescuer through the self-rescuer quick connector 36; the piston 30 of the latter is pulled up by the wire rope 40, and the breath of the human body is directly communicated with the atmosphere. The mechanism of the piston 30 lifted by the wire rope 40 is now described in detail: the lower end of the wire rope 40 is connected to the piston 30 and the upper end is wound around the drum 39. When the roller 39 rotates, the piston 30 is lifted and lowered by the wire rope 40. The roller 39 and the gear shaft 46 are in interference fit, and the power of the gear shaft 46 can be directly transmitted to the roller 39. One end of the gear shaft 46 is fixed with a gear 38, the gear 38 is meshed with a rack 37, the end of the rack 37 is fixed on a mechanical self-locking switch piston rod 48, one end of the mechanical self-locking switch piston rod 48 is in clearance fit with the mechanical self-locking switch body 44, the other end of the mechanical self-locking switch piston rod is connected with the through-atmosphere mechanical button 20, and the upper end face of the rack 37 is also pressed with a restraining shaft 45 to balance the normal force of the rack 37 during movement. Bearings 47 (4 in total) are sleeved on both ends of the restraining shaft 45 and one end of the gear shaft 46, and the bearings 47 are fixed on the filter housing 29 (in order to see the details of the restraining shaft, the gear shaft and the rack and pinion more clearly, the fixing bracket of the bearings 47 is not shown in the figure, but is very simple for a person skilled in the art). The effect that above structure brought is: as the thumb of the wearer presses the mechanical latching switch button 20, the mechanical latching switch piston rod 48 moves left and right, completing the switching between the filter function and the through-atmosphere mode. The mechanical self-locking switch main body 44 and the mechanical self-locking switch piston rod 48 form a structure of a 'peach-heart lock', and the self-locking principle of the 'peach-heart lock' is as follows: the mechanical self-locking switch main body 44 is provided with a peach-heart-shaped sliding rail, the piston rod 48 of the mechanical self-locking switch is provided with a sliding block and a compression spring, and if a thumb continuously presses the mechanical button 20 of the direct-connected external air source device on the piston rod 48 of the mechanical self-locking switch, the sliding block performs periodic approximate circular motion in the sliding rail. There are two stable points on the slide rail of peach heart form, and one of them stable point will the slider locking at the top of peach heart, and another stable point will the slider locking in the bottom of peach heart, has just so realized that mechanical self-locking switch has the purpose of two kinds of locking states. The structure of the heart lock has a great number of applications in the mechanical and electronic fields, belongs to the mature prior art, and is easy to understand and master by the technical personnel in the field, so the detailed structure is not drawn in the specification. In addition, all the electronic buttons (the electronic button 15 connected to the external air supply device, the water fountain button 16, the atomizer button 17 and the communication module button 18) in the embodiment can adopt a touch switch or a touch screen, and the structure can also adopt the structure.

All the electronic buttons in this embodiment may also be touch-sensitive switches, and a touch screen may also be provided, and virtual buttons are provided on the interface of the touch screen, and all these changes may implement the functions described in the claims.

If the direct external air source device is controlled by an electronic switch or an intelligent voice interaction module 6, parts of the parts in fig. 2 and 3 can be omitted. As shown in fig. 5, a direct external air source device steering engine 11 is added in the figure, the roller 39 is directly sleeved on an output shaft of the direct external air source device 11 in an interference fit manner, and two different angles of the direct external air source device steering engine 11 are set in the microprocessor, so that the purpose of freely lifting and placing the piston 30 can be realized.

A kettle water level sensor 50 is attached to the lower portion of the kettle 35, if the microcontroller 7 senses that water in the kettle is about to see the bottom, the buzzer 26 can be started to give an alarm, and a wearer can supplement water to the kettle 35.

There are three ways of supplying water to the atomizer 13. The first is to fix the atomizer on the mask, the position of the kettle is lower than the atomizer, and the water is lifted into the water storage container of the atomizer through the atomizer tube 32 by a water pump; the second is to fix the atomizer on the mask, the position of the kettle is higher than the atomizer, and the water storage container of the atomizer is supplied with water by the electromagnetic valve; the third is to install the atomizer on the kettle mouth of the kettle and use the corrugated pipe to deliver the fog to the mask. The first mode is drawn in the attached drawings of the specification: the atomizer container 51 is arranged on the face mask 2, the atomizer water supply pump 23 is arranged in the electrical system shell 34, water is supplied to the atomizer container 51 through the atomizer tube 32, the atomization water level sensor 24 is attached to the outer surface of the atomizer container 51, and the microprocessor 7 can know whether the atomizer 13 is lack of water or not through the atomization water level sensor 24 and whether the atomizer water supply pump 23 needs to be started for water supplement or not; the second advantage is that the structure is simple, and no description is needed, but the defects are that the kettle needs to be fixed at the head, and in addition, an electromagnetic valve needs to be added to distribute water to the atomizer, so that the practicability is not strong; the third method does not need a water feeder and an atomizer container, only needs the atomizer 13, and utilizes siphon cotton arranged in the atomizer 13 to directly absorb water in the kettle 35 for atomization. However, the atomizer tube 32 needs to be replaced with a thicker bellows tube, which has the advantage of reduced parts and the disadvantage of reduced portability of the entire machine.

If complete and thorough voice control is employed, the direct external air supply unit electronic button 15, the direct external air supply unit mechanical button 20, the water fountain button 16, the atomizer button 17, and the communication module button 18 may be omitted. Further, a voice control mode requiring no buttons at all can be realized. Further, in the forest fire fighting application of the present embodiment, if an intelligent system of the machine vision sensor 10 in combination with the microcontroller 7 is used, the wearer's respiratory system is protected with a simpler operation and a higher degree of intelligence if the open-air mode is turned off in advance when the system finds that smoke is approaching the mask.

According to the above concept, the present embodiment provides another control method without buttons or voice control for all operations. The method is that a distance measuring sensor 19 is arranged on the inner surface of the face mask 2 to capture the state of the mouth of the wearer. For example, a laser ranging sensor or an ultrasonic ranging sensor is adopted, when the mouth of a person is opened or closed, the measured values of the ranging sensors are inconsistent, and accordingly the opening and closing states of the mouth of the person can be judged. A set of rules of time and frequency for opening and closing the mouth are preset, different rules represent different intentions of a wearer, for example, if the time for opening the mouth exceeds 3s, the signal indicates that drinking water is needed or the drinking water is finished, when the wearer opens the mouth for more than 3s, the steering engine 12 of the water fountain rotates the end of the suction pipe 31 to be normal (i.e., aligned with the population), and if the wearer finishes drinking water, the steering engine 12 rotates the end of the suction pipe 31 to be negative (i.e., avoids the population) if the mouth opens for more than 3s again. By using the method, a set of 'open-mouth and closed-mouth code' similar to the Morse code can be pre-coded, so that the aim of controlling the functional module without buttons and voice is fulfilled.

The positive state and the negative state of the straw are obtained by rotating the end part of the straw and can also be obtained by the end part of the telescopic straw, the method is simple, and the description is omitted.

The principle and structure of the circlip type buckle of the present embodiment will now be described. The latch is actually a set of components, and mainly includes a latch main body 21, a latch button 22, and a latch spring 49. The buckle main body 21 is fixed on the filter cover 52, the snap spring 49 is arranged in the buckle main body, the self-rescuer quick plug 36 is provided with an annular groove at a corresponding position, when the buckle main body 21 is inserted, the snap spring 49 is just clamped in the annular groove to lock the self-rescuer quick plug 36, the piston 30 is pushed upwards by the self-rescuer quick connector 22, the inner space of the mask 2 is directly communicated with the self-rescuer quick connector 22, and the conversion between the filtering mode and the self-rescuer mode is completed; when the unlocking is needed, the buckle button 22 needs to be pressed by fingers, the clamp spring is opened, and the self-rescuer quick plug 36 is separated under the action of the spring and the gravity.

The snap may also be threaded or may use other methods for quick connection and easy detachment, and can be easily designed by those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.

In summary, in the present embodiment, the system sensing is divided into five types. The first is to use the button operation after the human perception, the second is to inform the microcontroller with the pronunciation after the human perception, the third is machine vision, the fourth is the range finding sensor, the fifth is the harmful environment sensor:

(1) after human body perception, operating with a button: the button is a circulating self-locking single button, can be a solid button, and can also be a virtual button such as a touch screen;

(2) the microcontroller is informed by voice after human body perception: hands of people are liberated, and the operation is more convenient;

(3) machine vision, harmful environment sensor: compared with voice control, the method is more intelligent, and a wearer does not need to do any operation;

(4) a distance measuring sensor: a new method is developed, an operation and control method of 'open and close Morse code' is created, and the method is simple and convenient and has strong anti-interference capability.

The system switching method is also divided into five types. The first is that manual switching filters or self-rescuer mode, and the second is that mechanical self-locking switch is manual to be opened or close and leads to the atmosphere mode, and the third is the electronic button mode, and the fourth is the speech control mode, and the fifth is the machine vision mode:

(1) manual switching of filtration or self-rescuer mode: when the self-rescuer is required to be connected, the manual mode is required to be adopted for switching between the filtering mode and the self-rescuer mode;

(2) the mechanical self-locking switch is manually opened or closed to be in a direct atmosphere mode: the purely mechanical manual mode can also be used in the normal operation process, namely, the system of the mechanical self-locking switch, the gear rack and the roller steel wire rope in the embodiment is adopted;

(3) electronic button mode: each functional module adopts a physical or virtual circulation self-locking button;

(4) and a voice control mode: each functional module is controlled by an intelligent voice man-machine interaction module;

(5) machine vision mode: each functional module is controlled by an artificial intelligence machine vision system or a similar system.

Example 2

This embodiment is the case when the present invention is applied to the medical industry. All relevant parts of the environment sensor, the direct external air source device, the communication module and the machine vision are removed, and the mask is extremely low in breathing resistance, high in intelligence and has the functions of atomization and drinking. If the epidemic prevention person wears the mask, the problem of drinking water when the protective clothing is worn for a long time is solved, the mouth and the tongue are not dry, and the suffocating feeling of the existing N95 mask is avoided.

If the filter is removed, the mask of the existing breathing machine can be replaced, the patient does not need to participate in medical staff when wanting to drink water, and the existing atomizer can be very conveniently utilized when the respiratory tract of the patient needs to be atomized and administered, so that the adaptability of the breathing machine is greatly improved.

Example 3

This embodiment is an example of the present invention employing a virtual mask. As shown in fig. 7, the virtual mask is integrated with the helmet. The helmet is two-layered, and a space 68 is provided between the inner shell 59 and the outer shell 60 to serve as a water reservoir. The electrical system shell 34 and the water filling port 61 are fixed at the rear part of the helmet, and the electrical system is mainly fixed on the visor. Wherein the air inlet of the fan 64 is provided with an air collecting container 66, the top of the container is fixed with a cylindrical filter 33, the inside of the air collecting container 66 is fixed with an atomizer 13 and an ozone generator 62, a cotton core 67 of the atomizer 13 penetrates into a water storage container 68, the bottom of the brim is a narrow slit-shaped air window 69, the inside of the brim is a hollow shell-shaped air distribution space 63 which is used for uniformly distributing the air from the fan 64 to the narrow slit-shaped air window 69 and forming an air curtain on the face of a person. The fan button 65, the ozone generator button 70, and the atomizer button 17 are mounted on the side of the visor, and all of the three buttons are touch buttons. In use, the battery begins to power the fan 64 by pressing the button fan button 65. According to the circuit diagram of fig. 7, only the button 17 of the atomizer 13 and the button 70 of the ozone generator 62 are activated after the fan 64 is operated, and excessive accumulation of mist and ozone in the air distribution space 63 is prevented. The fan 64 rotates to filter the outside air through the cylindrical filter 33 and then sucks the filtered outside air into the air collecting container 66, the filtered outside air is mixed with the water mist atomized by the atomizer 13 and the ozone released by the ozone generator 62 and then enters the air distribution space 63, the mixed air is sprayed out from the narrow-slit-shaped air window 69, a clean space is formed in the mouth and nose area of a wearer, and the effect of wearing a solid mask is achieved. According to the related experiment report, even if the concentration of ozone in the air is as low as 0.1ppm, the ozone can effectively kill the new coronavirus, and if a certain proportion of alcohol is added into the water storage container 68, the effect is better. After the operation is finished, all the modules stop operating by pressing the button 65 again.

In this embodiment, the ozone generator 62 is eliminated, and the device can be used as a dust mask. The method is suitable for high-dust occasions such as quarries, cement plants, mines, tunnel construction and the like; and can also be applied to places with higher smoke concentration, such as workshops and welding sites.

While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask comprises a mask main body and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following five functional modules: filter, drinking bowl, atomizer, communication module, direct outside air supply device, have at least one switch with functional module one-to-one, its characterized in that: the switch is a circulating self-locking button which is provided with a locking position in an opening state and a closing state (the opening or the closing can be realized only by the same pressing action), and the circulating self-locking button can be solid or virtual; may be electrical or mechanical; the mask body can be solid or virtual.

2. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask comprises a mask main body and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following five functional modules: filter, drinking bowl, atomizer, communication module, direct outside air supply device, its characterized in that: the intelligent voice man-machine interaction module is built in or connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is provided with at least one output end connected with the functional module.

3. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask comprises a mask main body, a microprocessor and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following five functional modules: filter, drinking bowl, atomizer, communication module, direct outside air supply device, its characterized in that: still include one in range finding sensor and the machine vision sensor of at least, range finding sensor is fixed in the face guard inboard, and machine vision sensor is fixed in the face guard outside.

4. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask comprises a mask main body, a microprocessor and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following five functional modules: filter, drinking bowl, atomizer, communication module, direct outside air supply device, its characterized in that: the environment monitoring device also comprises a harmful environment sensor, wherein the harmful environment sensor comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a toxic and harmful gas sensor and a dust concentration sensor.

5. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the filter is a cylindrical filter.

6. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask as claimed in claim 5, wherein: at least one of an external air source device, a water fountain, an atomizer and a communication module is arranged in the space in the middle of the cylindrical filter or the extension line of the axis of the cylindrical filter.

7. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the external air source can be a cylinder of a self-rescuer or a chemical oxygen agent, can be clean atmosphere, can also be air supply of a medical respirator, and can also be filtered clean air, characterized in that: the direct external air source device consists of a cylinder body and a piston, and when the piston is positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder body, the space in the mask and an external air source are respectively communicated and isolated; at ordinary times, the piston is pressed on a sealing ring fixed on the cylinder body under the pressure of a spring, and the space in the mask is isolated from an external air source; when the piston moves upwards, the piston is separated from the sealing ring of the cylinder body, and the space in the mask is communicated with an external air source;

in the second case, manual mode must be adopted; a female joint is arranged on the multifunctional mask, a male joint is arranged at the end of the self-rescuer, the male joint and the female joint are butted when an accident escapes or other gas supply equipment needs to be connected, the piston is upwards jacked by the male joint of the self-rescuer or other gas supply equipment, the internal space of the mask is directly communicated with the internal space of the self-rescuer or other gas supply equipment, and mode conversion is completed.

8. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein said drinking device comprises a straw and a kettle, and is characterized in that: the water kettle also comprises a suction pipe end state adjusting device, one end of the suction pipe extends into the water kettle, the other end of the suction pipe is connected with the suction pipe end state adjusting device, the suction pipe end state adjusting device comprises a normal state and a negative state, and when the suction pipe end state adjusting device is in the normal state, the suction pipe end is positioned at a position convenient for a wearer to drink water; when in the negative state, the end of the straw avoids the mouth of a person.

9. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein said nebulizer comprises a nebulizer body, characterized in that: and at least one of a water feeder and a liquid level sensor is also included.

10. A simple and reliable multifunctional mask comprises a mask main body and a functional module group, wherein the functional module group at least comprises one of the following three functional modules: filter, drinking bowl, atomizer, its characterized in that: the mask main body is a virtual mask consisting of an air curtain, and the filter is a power air supply type filter.