CN115355081B

CN115355081B - Precombustion chamber and cylinder cover

Info

Publication number: CN115355081B
Application number: CN202211262468.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱涛; 李军银; 刘洪哲; 李卫
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-14
Filing date: 2022-10-14
Publication date: 2023-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-14
Also published as: CN115355081A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses precombustion chamber and cylinder cap, wherein, the precombustion chamber includes precombustion chamber body, spark plug bush and gas duct. The precombustion chamber body and the spark plug bush are integrated, the spark plug and the gas guide pipe are integrated on the spark plug bush, and the axes of the spark plug and the gas guide pipe are parallel to the axis of the spark plug bush, so that the volume of the formed precombustion chamber in the circumferential direction is reduced, the structural compactness of the precombustion chamber is improved, the arrangement of the precombustion chamber on a flat top type four-valve cylinder cover is realized, and active lean burn is realized.

Description

Precombustion chamber and cylinder cover

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a precombustion chamber and a cylinder cover.

Background

The ignition energy of the pre-combustion chamber is several orders of magnitude higher than that of a common spark plug, and the lean burn limit of the ignition engine is obviously improved. The prechamber is capable of injecting fuel into the prechamber, the injection phase and the injection quantity of which fuel need to be controlled by means of a fuel injection valve.

Be arranged with mechanisms such as valve and cam on the cylinder cap, lead to cylinder cap compact structure, especially flat top formula four-valve cylinder cap for can't set up the precombustion chamber in the narrow and small central point in space that arranges the spark plug, can't realize active lean burn.

Therefore, how to realize the arrangement of the prechamber on the cylinder head becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a precombustion chamber to realize the setting of precombustion chamber on the cylinder cap. The application also provides a cylinder cover.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a prechamber comprising a prechamber body, a spark plug liner and a gas duct,

the pre-combustion chamber body can be hermetically arranged on a cylinder cover, a first end of the pre-combustion chamber body communicated with the cylinder cover is provided with an injection assembly, and a second end of the pre-combustion chamber body is provided with an ignition hole communicated with the spark plug and an air inlet hole communicated with the fuel gas guide pipe;

the spark plug bush can seal installation in on the cylinder head, the spark plug bush with the precombustion chamber body is coaxial to be arranged, the lower pot head of spark plug bush is established the upper end of precombustion chamber body, be provided with on the spark plug bush and be used for the installation the first mounting hole of spark plug with be used for the installation the second mounting hole of gas pipe, with the spark plug with the gas pipe is integrated in the spark plug bush, the axis of first mounting hole with the second mounting hole all is parallel with the axis of spark plug bush, be provided with the fuel injection valve on the gas pipe.

Preferably, in the precombustion chamber described above, the spark plug bush is arranged coaxially with the precombustion chamber body.

Preferably, in the above pre-chamber, the spark plug is a thin electrode spark plug.

Preferably, in the precombustion chamber, a fuel injection valve is provided at an end of the gas conduit located outside the second mounting hole.

Preferably, in the precombustion chamber, one end of the gas conduit in the second mounting hole is provided with a one-way valve.

Preferably, in the prechamber, the prechamber body comprises an upper air guide section and a lower injection section, the outer diameter of the upper air guide section is greater than that of the lower injection section, a step surface is formed at the connecting position of the upper air guide section and the lower injection section, a first sealing ring for sealing the prechamber body and the cylinder cover is arranged on the step surface,

the spark plug bushing is sleeved on the upper air guide section, a sealing groove is formed in the upper air guide section, and a second sealing ring used for achieving sealing between the upper air guide section and the spark plug bushing is arranged in the sealing groove.

Preferably, in the precombustion chamber, an air guide cavity is arranged in the air guide section at the upper part, the upper end of the air guide cavity is a first cylindrical cavity, the lower end of the air guide cavity is a conical cavity, the diameter of the upper end of the conical cavity is larger than that of the lower end of the conical cavity,

the lower part sprays the section and is provided with the injection chamber in, spray the chamber for the cylindrical cavity of second, the diameter of the cylindrical cavity of second with the diameter of the lower extreme of conical cavity equals, the lower extreme of lower part sprays the section and sets up and is used for the intercommunication spray the chamber with the orifice subassembly of cylinder cap.

Preferably, in the precombustor, the nozzle hole assembly includes a central nozzle hole and a plurality of circumferential nozzle holes, and a helix angle of the circumferential nozzle holes is 5 ° to 10 °.

A cylinder head comprising a pre-chamber, the pre-chamber being as in any one of the preceding claims.

The precombustion chamber provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a precombustion chamber body, a spark plug bush and a gas guide pipe. The precombustion chamber body and the spark plug bush are integrated, the spark plug and the gas guide pipe are integrated on the spark plug bush, and the axes of the spark plug and the gas guide pipe are parallel to the axis of the spark plug bush, so that the volume of the formed precombustion chamber in the circumferential direction is reduced, the structural compactness of the precombustion chamber is improved, the arrangement of the precombustion chamber on a flat top type four-valve cylinder cover is realized, and active lean burn is realized.

The application still provides a cylinder cap, including the antechamber, the antechamber is the antechamber that records in any one above-mentioned scheme. As the precombustion chamber has the technical effects, the cylinder cover with the precombustion chamber also has the same technical effects, and the technical effects are not described again.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the provided drawings without inventive effort, and that the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios from the provided drawings. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, or otherwise indicated, like reference numbers in the figures refer to the same structure or operation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly of the precombustor of the present application on the cylinder head;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the prechamber body of the present application.

Wherein:

1. the pre-combustion chamber comprises a pre-combustion chamber body 11, an upper air guide section 12, a lower injection section 2, a spark plug 3, a spark plug bush 4 and a fuel gas guide pipe.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant application and are not limiting of the application. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions related to the related applications are shown in the drawings. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be understood that "system", "apparatus", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts or assemblies at different levels. However, other words may be substituted by other expressions if they accomplish the same purpose.

As used in this application and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" are intended to cover only the explicitly identified steps or elements as not constituting an exclusive list and that the method or apparatus may comprise further steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising a component of ' 8230 ' \8230; ' does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the description of the embodiments herein, "/" means "or" unless otherwise specified, for example, a/B may mean a or B; "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two.

In the following, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

Flow charts are used herein to illustrate operations performed by systems according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order in which they are performed. Rather, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Meanwhile, other operations may be added to the processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations may be removed from the processes.

Referring to fig. 1-2, embodiments of the present application disclose a prechamber comprising a prechamber body 1, a spark plug 2, a spark plug liner 3, and a gas duct 4.

Wherein, prechamber body 1 can seal installation on the cylinder head, spark plug bush 3 is installed on prechamber body 1, spark plug 2 is installed in spark plug bush 3, gas conduit 4 also installs in spark plug bush 3, this application is promptly with prechamber body 1 and spark plug bush 3 integration together, simultaneously with spark plug 2 and gas conduit 4 integration in spark plug bush 3, and the axis that is used for installing the first mounting hole of spark plug 2 and the second mounting hole that is used for installing gas conduit 4 all is parallel with the axis of spark plug bush 3, realize that the axis of spark plug 2 and gas conduit 4 is parallel with the axis of spark plug bush 3, reduce the overall structure of constitution along the volume of the circumferential direction of prechamber, make things convenient for the installation of prechamber on the cylinder head.

The pre-combustion chamber body 1 is provided with an inner cavity, a first end of the pre-combustion chamber body 1 communicated with a cylinder cover is provided with an injection assembly, and a second end of the pre-combustion chamber body 1 is connected with a spark plug bush 3.

The spark plug bush 3 is connected with the cylinder cover in a sealing mode. The lower pot head of spark plug bush 3 is established on the precombustion chamber body 1, is provided with the first mounting hole that is used for installing spark plug 2 and is used for installing the second mounting hole of gas pipe 4 on the spark plug bush 3, and first mounting hole and second mounting hole communicate with the inner chamber of precombustion chamber body 1.

And a fuel injection valve is arranged on the gas guide pipe 4 and used for controlling the gas guide pipe 4 to inject gas into the precombustion chamber.

The utility model discloses a prechamber integrates with prechamber body 1 and spark plug bush 3, and is integrated spark plug 2 and gas pipe 4 on spark plug bush 3 simultaneously, improves the compact structure nature of prechamber to reduce the volume of prechamber, realize arranging of prechamber on flat top formula four valve cylinder covers, realize active lean burn.

The pre-combustion chamber body 1 is made of heat-resistant steel material.

The precombustion chamber body 1 is in clearance fit with a cylinder cover, a first sealing ring is arranged at one end of the precombustion chamber body 1 communicated with the cylinder cover, and the first sealing ring is used for realizing the sealing connection of the precombustion chamber body 1 and the cylinder cover.

One end of the spark plug bush 3, which is sleeved and connected with the prechamber body 1, is provided with a second sealing ring, and the second sealing ring is used for realizing the isolation of cooling water between the prechamber body 1 and a cylinder cover.

The upper end of the spark plug bush 3 is provided with a third sealing ring, and the third sealing ring is used for realizing the isolation of the spark plug bush 3 and cooling water on the upper part of the cylinder cover.

The spark plug bush 3 can play a role in installing the spark plug 2 and the gas conduit 4, can play a role in compressing the prechamber body 1, and is also an isolating device for cooling water. Because the prechamber body 1 is influenced by internal combustion of the prechamber body 1 and combustion in a cylinder cover, the thermal load is high, a cooling space is formed around the prechamber body 1 through the design of the spark plug bush 3 and a cylinder cover cooling water jacket, heat is taken away through cooling water, the temperature of the prechamber body 1 is ensured to be within a set range, and abnormal conditions such as pre-ignition, detonation and the like are prevented.

In order to further reduce the circumferential space of the precombustion chamber, the spark plug bush 3 and the precombustion chamber body 1 are coaxially arranged, and relative to the mode that the spark plug bush 3 is obliquely arranged relative to the precombustion chamber body 1, the circumferential space occupied by the precombustion chamber can be reduced, and the arrangement difficulty of the precombustion chamber on a cylinder head is further reduced.

Since the spark plug 2 and the gas conduit 4 are also required to be provided in the spark plug bush 3, the diameter of the spark plug bush 3 is larger than that of the prechamber body 1.

In order to further reduce the circumferential dimension of the spark plug bush 3, the spark plug 2 in the present application employs a thin electrode spark plug to reduce the occupied space of the spark plug 2, so that the circumferential dimension of the spark plug bush 3 can also be reduced. The circumferential dimension of the spark plug bush 3 determines the overall circumferential dimension of the prechamber.

In this application with gas pipe 4 integration in spark plug bush 3, replace the whole integration with fuel injection valve and gas pipe 4 on the cylinder head, set up the fuel injection valve outside the second mounting hole, the diameter of gas pipe 4 is little relative to the diameter of fuel injection valve to can further reduce the circumference size of spark plug bush 3, reduce the installation degree of difficulty of prechamber on the cylinder head.

This application sets up fuel injection valve outside the cylinder cap, replaces and sets up fuel injection valve in the cylinder cap, does not occupy the space in the cylinder cap, has improved the flexibility that fuel injection valve arranged simultaneously.

The gas conduit 4 guides the gas into the prechamber body 1, and the injection amount and the injection timing of the gas are precisely controlled by the fuel injection valve. The fuel injection valve is arranged outside the cylinder cover, and fuel gas coming from a gas source firstly enters the gas rail and then is injected into the fuel gas guide pipe 4 through the fuel injection valve.

In order to ensure that the delay time of the gas entering the pre-combustion chamber body 1 is short, the gas guide pipe 4 is adopted as short as possible, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the consistency of each cylinder, the gas guide pipes 4 corresponding to different cylinders are designed in equal length.

One end of the gas guide pipe 4, which is positioned in the second mounting hole, is provided with a one-way valve, the one-way valve is designed to have opening pressure and reverse stop pressure, so that the gas can only enter the pre-combustion chamber body 1 in one way, and after the gas catches fire in the pre-combustion chamber body 1, the stop action of the one-way valve prevents high-temperature gas from entering the gas guide pipe 4.

In some embodiments of the present application, the gas conduit 4 has a diameter of 3mm to 4mm.

The exit position of check valve and the 1 wall thickness of precombustion chamber body overlap, and the projection of check valve along the axis direction of precombustion chamber body 1 partly falls in the cavity of precombustion chamber body 1 promptly, and partly falls on the lateral wall of precombustion chamber body 1, in order to reduce the resistance that the gas got into precombustion chamber body 1, the guide way of offering on the lateral wall of precombustion chamber body 1 with the cavity intercommunication of precombustion chamber body 1 of this application, guarantee that the lateral wall of precombustion chamber body 1 can not shelter from the export of check valve.

Preferably, the side wall of the guide groove is inclined toward the cavity of the prechamber body 1, so as to guide the flow of the fuel gas.

As shown in fig. 2, the prechamber body 1 comprises an upper air guide section 11 and a lower jet section 12, the outer diameter of the upper air guide section 11 being larger than the outer diameter of the lower jet section 12.

The upper air guide section 11 is a cylindrical air guide section, the lower injection section 12 is a cylindrical air guide section, the diameters of the upper air guide section 11 and the lower injection section 12 are different, a step surface is formed at the connecting position of the upper air guide section 11 and the lower injection section 12, and correspondingly, the mounting hole on the cylinder cover for mounting the prechamber body 1 is also a step hole.

First sealing rings are arranged on the step surfaces of the upper air guide section 11 and the lower injection section 12.

The upper end of the upper air guide section 11 is sleeved with the spark plug bush 3, a sealing groove is formed in the upper air guide section 11, and a second sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove.

An air guide cavity is arranged in the upper air guide section 11, the upper end of the air guide cavity is a first cylindrical cavity, the lower end of the air guide cavity is a conical cavity, the diameter of the upper end of the conical cavity is larger than that of the lower end of the conical cavity, and the diameter of the upper end of the conical cavity is equal to that of the cylindrical cavity;

the lower injection section 12 is internally provided with an injection cavity which is a second cylindrical cavity, the diameter of the second cylindrical cavity is equal to that of the lower end of the conical cavity, and the lower end of the lower injection section 12 is provided with a spray hole assembly for communicating the injection cavity with a cylinder cover.

The lower end of the gas guide cavity of the upper gas guide section 11 can perform primary extrusion on high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the injection cavity performs secondary extrusion on the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the speed and the penetration distance of the gas injected to the main combustion chamber are increased, and the combustion effect is improved.

The jet hole assembly comprises a central jet hole and a plurality of circumferential jet holes, the number of the central jet holes can be one, and the circumferential jet holes are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the prechamber body 1.

The spiral angle of the circumferential spray holes is 5-10 degrees, so that the air flow of the main combustion chamber enters the pre-combustion chamber body 1 to generate certain rotation, and the waste gas in the pre-combustion chamber body 1 is purged. The spiral angle is an included angle between the axis of the circumferential spray hole and a connecting line of the center of the circumferential spray hole and the center of the pre-combustion chamber body 1.

The application also provides a cylinder cover, which comprises a precombustion chamber, wherein the precombustion chamber is the precombustion chamber recorded in any one of the above aspects.

As the precombustion chamber has the technical effects, the cylinder cover with the precombustion chamber also has the same technical effects, and the technical effects are not described again.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles applied, and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. The scope of the application referred to in the present application is not limited to the specific combinations of the above-mentioned features, and it is intended to cover other embodiments in which the above-mentioned features or their equivalents are arbitrarily combined without departing from the spirit of the application. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A precombustion chamber is characterized by comprising a precombustion chamber body (1), a spark plug (2), a spark plug bush (3) and a gas conduit (4),

the pre-combustion chamber body (1) can be hermetically arranged on a cylinder cover, and a first end of the pre-combustion chamber body (1) communicated with the cylinder cover is provided with a jet assembly;

the spark plug bush (3) can be hermetically installed on the cylinder cover, the spark plug bush (3) is coaxially arranged with the prechamber body (1), the lower end of the spark plug bush (3) is sleeved on the upper end of the prechamber body (1), a first installation hole for installing the spark plug (2) and a second installation hole for installing the gas conduit (4) are arranged on the spark plug bush (3) so as to integrate the spark plug (2) and the gas conduit (4) in the spark plug bush (3), the axes of the first installation hole and the second installation hole are both parallel to the axis of the spark plug bush (3), the first installation hole and the second installation hole are communicated with the inner cavity of the prechamber body (1), and a fuel injection valve is arranged on the gas conduit (4);

the pre-combustion chamber body (1) comprises an upper air guide section (11) and a lower injection section (12), the outer diameter of the upper air guide section (11) is larger than that of the lower injection section (12), a step surface is formed at the connecting position of the upper air guide section (11) and the lower injection section (12), a first sealing ring for sealing the pre-combustion chamber body (1) and a cylinder cover is arranged on the step surface,

the spark plug bush (3) is sleeved on the upper air guide section (11), a sealing groove is formed in the upper air guide section (11), and a second sealing ring used for sealing between the upper air guide section (11) and the spark plug bush (3) is arranged in the sealing groove;

an air guide cavity is arranged in the upper air guide section (11), the upper end of the air guide cavity is a first cylindrical cavity, the lower end of the air guide cavity is a conical cavity, the diameter of the upper end of the conical cavity is larger than that of the lower end of the conical cavity,

a spraying cavity is arranged in the lower spraying section (12), the spraying cavity is a second cylindrical cavity, the diameter of the second cylindrical cavity is equal to that of the lower end of the conical cavity, and a spraying hole assembly used for communicating the spraying cavity with the cylinder cover is arranged at the lower end of the lower spraying section (12);

the jet hole assembly comprises a central jet hole and a plurality of circumferential jet holes, the spiral angle of the circumferential jet holes is 5-10 degrees, airflow of a main combustion chamber enters the pre-combustion chamber body (1) to rotate, and waste gas in the pre-combustion chamber body (1) is swept, wherein the spiral angle is an included angle between the axis of the circumferential jet holes and a connecting line of the center of the circumferential jet holes and the center of the pre-combustion chamber body (1).

2. A prechamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the spark plug bush (3) is arranged coaxially with the prechamber body (1).

3. A prechamber according to claim 1, characterised in that the spark plug (2) is a thin electrode spark plug.

4. A prechamber according to claim 1, characterised in that the end of the gas duct (4) situated outside the second mounting hole is provided with a fuel injection valve.

5. A prechamber according to claim 1, characterised in that the end of the gas duct (4) in the second mounting hole is provided with a one-way valve.

6. A cylinder head, comprising a pre-chamber, the pre-chamber being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.