CN115354209B - Method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting argon-oxygen furnace - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting argon-oxygen furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354209B CN115354209B CN202210918438.2A CN202210918438A CN115354209B CN 115354209 B CN115354209 B CN 115354209B CN 202210918438 A CN202210918438 A CN 202210918438A CN 115354209 B CN115354209 B CN 115354209B
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting an argon-oxygen furnace, which has better corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism, and adopts an arc furnace or a converter to smelt primary molten steel; melting the alloy by an alloy melting furnace; oxygen blowing and decarburization are carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace; after decarburizing to less than or equal to 0.10%, alloying manganese and copper by adopting electrolytic manganese metal and copper plate; removing hydrogen content in the molten steel through argon stirring; deoxidizing and desulfurizing by making reducing slag after slag skimming; the nitrogen is added by nitrogen to carry out alloying of nitrogen, molten steel with lower phosphorus content and hydrogen content can be smelted, the alloy and the steel type return stub bar are melted in an alloy melting furnace, manganese and copper are alloyed in the reduction period of an argon-oxygen furnace, the yield of alloy elements is over 97 percent, the yield of the return stub bar and the alloy elements is improved, the production cost is low, the production efficiency is high, the comprehensive energy consumption is low, and the high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N with better corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism can be produced in batches at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by using an argon oxygen furnace, which has better corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism.
Background
The 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N high-manganese high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel is nickel-saving high-manganese high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and is widely applied to key parts of ships, warships and motor shafts due to excellent corrosion resistance, good impact toughness and low magnetism. At present, the steel grade is generally smelted by adopting an arc furnace return method, ladle furnace refining and electroslag remelting method, manganese and copper alloying is carried out in a ladle refining furnace, and nitrogen alloying is carried out by adopting a nitriding alloy after refining. The smelting method has the following problems: (1) The electric arc furnace returns to smelting, the chromium oxide content in the slag is high, the fluidity is poor, further dephosphorization cannot be carried out, molten steel with lower phosphorus cannot be produced, and the corrosion resistance and impact toughness of the material are not facilitated. (2) The arc furnace returns to smelt, the burning loss of the easily oxidized alloy elements such as [ Cr ], [ Mn ] and the like is large, and the yield of the metal material and the alloy elements is low. (3) When the electric furnace or ladle refining furnace adopts low-carbon ferrochrome with high price to carry out chromium alloying, the smelting time is long, the production efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the refractory material is easy to peel off and enter molten steel to form nonmetallic inclusion. (4) The manganese and copper alloying is carried out in the ladle refining furnace, the smelting time is long, the alloy yield is low, meanwhile, manganese oxide in slag can seriously erode steel ladle refractory materials, the service life of the steel ladle is reduced, and the ladle penetrating accident occurs when serious. (5) The electrolytic metal has higher manganese hydrogen content, and the manganese alloying cannot effectively remove the hydrogen content, so that the hydrogen content in the steel is high, and the corrosion resistance and impact toughness of the material are affected. (6) After refining, a large amount of ferrochromium nitride or ferromanganese nitride is adopted for alloying nitrogen, so that the alloy cost is high, and meanwhile, molten steel is polluted, and the purity of the molten steel is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting an argon-oxygen furnace, wherein the method adopts an electric arc furnace or a converter to smelt primary molten steel; melting the alloy by an alloy melting furnace; oxygen blowing and decarburization are carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace; after decarburizing to less than or equal to 0.10%, alloying manganese and copper by adopting electrolytic manganese metal and copper plate; removing hydrogen content in the molten steel through argon stirring; deoxidizing and desulfurizing by making reducing slag after slag skimming; the nitrogen alloying is carried out by nitrogen adding, so that the high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N with better corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism is produced at low cost.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting an argon oxygen furnace comprises the following specific smelting steps:
step 1), primary smelting is carried out by an electric arc furnace or a converter, and the phosphorus content of primary steelmaking water is reduced to below 0.004%;
step 2), melting 200-270kg/t of high-carbon ferrochrome through an alloy melting furnace, 10-20kg/t of nickel plate and 40-60kg/t of steel grade return stub bar so as to improve alloy yield, shorten smelting time of an argon oxygen furnace and reduce lining erosion of the argon oxygen furnace, and adding the molten alloy and primary steelmaking water obtained in the step 1) into the argon oxygen furnace for smelting;
step 3), oxygen blowing and decarburization are carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace, the carbon content in steel is reduced to be below 0.10%, 10-30kg/t of lime is added into the argon-oxygen furnace in advance to protect a furnace lining, an oxygen gun and a wind gun are started to carry out oxygen blowing and decarburization smelting according to the oxygen-nitrogen volume ratio of 5:1 after the steel is added, and nitrogen is adopted as cooling gas of the oxygen gun and the wind gun; in order to avoid the corrosion of a furnace lining due to the excessively high temperature during the decarburization, 20-40kg/t of lime and 40-60kg/t of high-carbon ferrochrome are added during the oxygen blowing decarburization, and the temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 1740 ℃; stopping oxygen lance smelting when the carbon content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.50%, only starting an air lance for smelting, controlling the oxygen-nitrogen volume ratio to be 1:1-1:5 so as to control the temperature to be less than or equal to 1740 ℃, stopping oxygen blowing decarburization when the carbon content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.10%, measuring the temperature and sampling and analyzing;
step 4), alloying manganese and copper in an argon-oxygen furnace, adding 5-10kg/t of ferrosilicon and 1-3kg/t of aluminum into the furnace for reduction when the carbon content in steel is less than or equal to 0.10%, and then adding electrolytic manganese metal and copper plate for alloying manganese and copper; the addition amount of the electrolytic manganese metal is calculated according to the target component of the 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N steel manganese, and the yield is considered according to 92 percent by weight; the addition amount of electrolytic copper metal is calculated according to the target component of 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N steel copper, and the yield is considered according to 97 percent by weight;
step 5), carrying out temperature compensation on the argon-oxygen furnace, wherein the temperature of molten steel of the argon-oxygen furnace is greatly reduced by manganese and copper alloying, adding silicon or aluminum blocks for oxygen blowing and heating, taking the oxygen blowing and heating into consideration according to the temperature quantity reduced by the manganese and copper alloying according to the increase of 300-400 ℃, and calculating the specific dosage according to the 3.88 kg of ferrosilicon or 2.87 kg of aluminum blocks for heating 100 ℃ per ton of molten steel;
step 6), after manganese and copper alloying, the high hydrogen content in the electrolytic manganese metal can cause the high hydrogen content in the molten steel of the argon-oxygen furnace, the stirring gas is switched to argon for strong stirring, and the argon is used for strong stirring to remove the hydrogen brought by the electrolytic manganese metal;
step 7), after manganese and copper alloying and oxygen blowing and heating and argon stirring and dehydrogenation, the slag is partial oxidizing and low in alkalinity, which is not beneficial to the purity of molten steel, slag is required to be scraped off, 10-20kg/t of lime, 2-5kg/t of fluorite and 1-2kg/t of aluminum block are added again for deoxidization and desulfurization, and the purity of molten steel is improved;
step 8), carrying out nitrogen alloying by adopting nitrogen blowing after the molten steel deoxidizes and desulphurizes, then removing redundant nitrogen in the molten steel by low-flow argon blowing, and then measuring temperature, sampling, and pouring by hanging bags after the temperature and the components are qualified.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) Smelting primary molten steel by adopting an electric arc furnace or a converter; melting the alloy by an alloy melting furnace; oxygen blowing and decarburization are carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace; after decarburizing to less than or equal to 0.10%, alloying manganese and copper by adopting electrolytic manganese metal and copper plate; removing hydrogen content in the molten steel through argon stirring; deoxidizing and desulfurizing by making reducing slag after slag skimming; nitrogen alloying is carried out by nitrogen adding; the working procedures are divided into definite and closely matched steps, the production efficiency is high, the comprehensive energy consumption is low, and the high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N with better corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism can be produced in batch at low cost.
(2) Can smelt molten steel with lower phosphorus content and hydrogen content, and is beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance, impact toughness and low magnetism of 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N steel.
(3) The alloy and the steel grade return stub bar are melted in an alloy melting furnace, manganese and copper are alloyed in the reduction period of an argon-oxygen furnace, the yield of alloy elements is more than 97%, and the yields of the return stub bar and the alloy elements are improved.
Detailed Description
Examples: a method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting an argon oxygen furnace comprises the following steps: smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting a 60-ton argon-oxygen furnace.
Step 1), primary steelmaking water: smelting by adopting a 60-ton electric arc furnace, wherein the endpoint [ C ]:0.10%, [ P ]:0.004%, tapping temperature 1670 ℃, and hanging a steel ladle to an alloy melting furnace for jointing Jin Tieshui after tapping;
step 2), alloying alloy melting furnace: the furnace burden consists of 16 tons of high-carbon ferrochrome, 1 ton of nickel plates and 3 tons of steel grade return stub bars; simultaneously starting power transmission with the electric furnace, jointing a ladle after tapping of the electric furnace with molten metal, and then hoisting the ladle to an argon-oxygen furnace for adding steel;
step 3), oxygen blowing decarburization is carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace: 1000kg of lime is added in advance into the furnace, and the ingredients of molten steel are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 argon oxygen furnace charging molten steel composition (mass percent,%)
The cooling gas adopts nitrogen, an oxygen gun and an air gun are started to carry out oxygen blowing decarburization, and 1000kg of lime and 3000kg of high-carbon ferrochrome are added at the temperature of 1650 ℃. Closing the oxygen lance when the carbon content is 0.50%; sampling at 1720deg.C and carbon content of 0.10%, adding 200kg of ferrosilicon, and reducing for 4 min;
step 4), alloying and dehydrogenation of manganese and copper in an argon oxygen furnace: adding 8000kg of electrolytic manganese metal, 350kg of copper plate, 400kg of ferrosilicon and 100kg of aluminum to perform alloying of manganese and copper, blowing oxygen and heating, and then stirring for 8 minutes by argon to remove hydrogen brought by electrolytic manganese; sampling, measuring the temperature and 1580 ℃;
step 5), deoxidizing, desulfurizing and alloying nitrogen in an argon-oxygen furnace: removing more than 50% of slag, adding 800kg of lime, 200kg of fluorite and 60kg of aluminum block again for slagging, stirring for 6 minutes with nitrogen, stirring for 1 minute with argon, sampling components are qualified, tapping at the temperature of 1510 ℃, and the components before tapping are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 molten steel composition before tapping (mass percent,%)
And 6) transferring the steel after tapping to a ladle refining furnace for fine temperature adjustment and pouring by hanging after components.
Claims (1)
1. A method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting an argon oxygen furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific smelting steps are as follows:
step 1), primary smelting is carried out by an electric arc furnace or a converter, and the phosphorus content of primary steelmaking water is reduced to below 0.004%;
step 2), melting 200-270kg/t of high-carbon ferrochrome through an alloy melting furnace, 10-20kg/t of nickel plate and 40-60kg/t of steel grade return stub bar so as to improve alloy yield, shorten smelting time of an argon oxygen furnace and reduce lining erosion of the argon oxygen furnace, and adding the molten alloy and primary steelmaking water obtained in the step 1) into the argon oxygen furnace for smelting;
step 3), oxygen blowing and decarburization are carried out through an argon-oxygen furnace, the carbon content in steel is reduced to be below 0.10%, 10-30kg/t of lime is added into the argon-oxygen furnace in advance to protect a furnace lining, an oxygen gun and a wind gun are started to carry out oxygen blowing and decarburization smelting according to the oxygen-nitrogen volume ratio of 5:1 after the steel is added, and nitrogen is adopted as cooling gas of the oxygen gun and the wind gun; in order to avoid the corrosion of a furnace lining due to the excessively high temperature during the decarburization, 20-40kg/t of lime and 40-60kg/t of high-carbon ferrochrome are added during the oxygen blowing decarburization, and the temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 1740 ℃; stopping oxygen lance smelting when the carbon content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.50%, only starting an air lance for smelting, controlling the oxygen-nitrogen volume ratio to be 1:1-1:5 so as to control the temperature to be less than or equal to 1740 ℃, stopping oxygen blowing decarburization when the carbon content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.10%, measuring the temperature and sampling and analyzing;
step 4), alloying manganese and copper in an argon-oxygen furnace, adding 5-10kg/t of ferrosilicon and 1-3kg/t of aluminum into the furnace for reduction when the carbon content in steel is less than or equal to 0.10%, and then adding electrolytic manganese metal and copper plate for alloying manganese and copper; the addition amount of the electrolytic manganese metal is calculated according to the target component of the 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N steel manganese, and the yield is considered according to 92 percent by weight; the addition amount of electrolytic copper metal is calculated according to the target component of 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N steel copper, and the yield is considered according to 97 percent by weight;
step 5), carrying out temperature compensation on the argon-oxygen furnace, wherein the temperature of molten steel of the argon-oxygen furnace is greatly reduced by manganese and copper alloying, adding silicon or aluminum blocks for oxygen blowing and heating, taking the oxygen blowing and heating into consideration according to the temperature quantity reduced by the manganese and copper alloying according to the increase of 300-400 ℃, and calculating the specific dosage according to the 3.88 kg of ferrosilicon or 2.87 kg of aluminum blocks for heating 100 ℃ per ton of molten steel;
step 6), after manganese and copper alloying, the high hydrogen content in the electrolytic manganese metal can cause the high hydrogen content in the molten steel of the argon-oxygen furnace, the stirring gas is switched to argon for strong stirring, and the argon is used for strong stirring to remove the hydrogen brought by the electrolytic manganese metal;
step 7), after manganese and copper alloying and oxygen blowing and heating and argon stirring and dehydrogenation, the slag is partial oxidizing and low in alkalinity, which is not beneficial to the purity of molten steel, slag is required to be scraped off, 10-20kg/t of lime, 2-5kg/t of fluorite and 1-2kg/t of aluminum block are added again for deoxidization and desulfurization, and the purity of molten steel is improved;
step 8), carrying out nitrogen alloying by adopting nitrogen blowing after the molten steel deoxidizes and desulphurizes, then removing redundant nitrogen in the molten steel by low-flow argon blowing, and then measuring temperature, sampling, and pouring by hanging bags after the temperature and the components are qualified.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0421713A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-01-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for correcting steel tapping temperature with reserving heat quantity in ladle |
| CN103146875A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-06-12 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Method for smelting high nitrogen steel under ordinary pressure |
| CN105039648A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-11 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for smelting low-carbon and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace |
| CN108913983A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Corrosion resistance and the strong FV520B steel smelting method of impact flexibility |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0421713A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-01-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for correcting steel tapping temperature with reserving heat quantity in ladle |
| CN103146875A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-06-12 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Method for smelting high nitrogen steel under ordinary pressure |
| CN105039648A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-11 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for smelting low-carbon and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace |
| CN108913983A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Corrosion resistance and the strong FV520B steel smelting method of impact flexibility |
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