CN115160063B - Carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer containing perishable garbage special for rice and preparation method of carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer containing perishable garbage special for rice and preparation method of carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-fixed carbon-containing carbon-based organic fertilizer of special perishable garbage for rice and a preparation method thereof, and the carbon-fixed carbon-containing carbon-based organic fertilizer of special perishable garbage for rice can improve rice growth and nutrient absorption efficiency and is more suitable for the nutrient demand characteristics of rice; the pH and the total carbon content of the soil can be improved, the soil fertility is improved, the soil microbial community is optimized, and the cultivation of high-fertility healthy soil is facilitated; can play a role in carbon fixation and emission reduction, and is beneficial to realizing 'carbon neutralization'; the power-assisted waste recycling and the forward coupling of soil fertility cultivation are realized, the ecological digestion of livestock manure and perishable garbage is safely realized, and the problems of environmental pollution and waste digestion are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon-based fertilizers, and particularly relates to a carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice-dedicated perishable garbage and a preparation method thereof.
Background
One quarter to one third of the world's food is wasted in the form of perishable waste. Perishable waste is an important solid waste and carbon emission source in urban environments, and has great influence on energy and environment. The traditional landfill treatment mode not only causes resource waste, but also causes potential threat to land utilization and environmental safety and promotes greenhouse gas emission. The perishable garbage is rich in a large amount of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient substances, and organic fertilizers are mainly prepared by composting or anaerobic fermentation at present. A large amount of pathogenic bacteria exist in the perishable garbage, and the compost can cause enrichment of the pathogenic bacteria to harm human health. Meanwhile, the high-content salt and grease in the perishable garbage inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and restrict anaerobic fermentation technology. The perishable garbage is a high-quality biomass resource, and the preparation of biomass charcoal is considered as a sustainable technology with low carbon emission and high efficiency utilization.
Rice is one of three large grain crops, and a large amount of chemical fertilizer is put into farmland every year to increase rice yield, however, long-term chemical fertilizer causes soil fertility decrease, microbial diversity loss and nutrient loss. Biomass charcoal is often used to increase soil fertility, improve soil physicochemical properties and increase yield, however, the application effect of biomass charcoal in rice is not ideal. Biomass charcoal has high cost and is difficult to popularize and utilize in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
As one of the aspects of the invention, the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon-based organic fertilizer of carbon-immobilized special rice perishable garbage, which comprises the following steps,
Preparing the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage: removing impurities, dehydrating, degreasing salt, drying to ensure that the moisture content is less than or equal to 20%, stirring, crushing, sending into a carbonization furnace, heating to 500-550 ℃ under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, keeping the high-temperature pyrolysis for 2-3 h, and cooling the cracked product to obtain the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage;
Preparing a pig manure organic fertilizer: mixing pig manure with rice straw, and composting to form decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer;
Preparing a carbon-based organic fertilizer: and uniformly mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal with the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite, and granulating to obtain the charcoal-based organic fertilizer.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the perishable garbage raw material is prepared by mixing cane shoot leaves, peel and rice and flour residue kitchen garbage as the perishable garbage raw material.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the raw materials of the perishable garbage comprise, by mass, 30-50% of cane shoot leaves, 10-30% of pericarps and 30-50% of rice and flour residue kitchen garbage.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the raw materials of the perishable garbage comprise 40% of cane shoot leaves, 20% of pericarps and 40% of rice and flour residue kitchen garbage by mass percent.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the temperature is raised to 500-550 ℃ under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, and the temperature is raised to 550 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 10 ℃/min.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the pig manure and the rice straw are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2-3: 1.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the EC value of the perishable garbage raw material is 5.23mS/cm, the phosphorus content is 0.70%, and the potassium content is 2.52%.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal with the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite, wherein the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and the bentonite are mixed according to the following steps of (2-3): (6-7): 1, and uniformly mixing the components according to the mass ratio.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the carbon-immobilized carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, provided by the invention: the granulation is carried out by mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal with the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite, adding 1wt% of dextrin, and granulating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the special carbon-based organic fertilizer with carbon fixation function for the rice disclosed by the invention can improve the growth of the rice and the nutrient absorption efficiency, and is more suitable for the nutrient demand characteristics of the rice; the pH and the total carbon content of the soil can be improved, the soil fertility is improved, the soil microbial community is optimized, and the cultivation of high-fertility healthy soil is facilitated; can play a role in carbon fixation and emission reduction, and is beneficial to realizing 'carbon neutralization'; the power-assisted waste recycling and the forward coupling of soil fertility cultivation are realized, the ecological digestion of livestock manure and perishable garbage is safely realized, and the problems of environmental pollution and waste digestion are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 shows the effect of different proportions of a perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulation on biomass above and below the ground of rice. Where the lower case letters indicate that there was a significant difference between treatments (LSD, p < 0.05).
FIG. 2 shows the effect of different temperature perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulations on rice biomass above and below ground.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulations on soil microbial community composition and relative abundance of portal horizontal flora.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1:
The raw materials of the special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice comprise: perishable garbage biomass charcoal, pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite.
The raw material of the perishable garbage biomass charcoal is perishable garbage, the perishable garbage is composed of 40% of cane shoot leaves, 20% of pericarps and 40% of rice and flour residue kitchen waste according to mass percentage, the EC value of the perishable garbage raw material is 5.23mS/cm, the phosphorus content is 0.70%, and the potassium content is 2.52%. Removing impurities from the perishable garbage, mechanically removing grease floating on the upper layer, mechanically squeezing and dehydrating to remove salt and water in the perishable garbage, drying to reduce the water content to below 20%, and simply stirring and crushing; and then delivering the crushed perishable garbage into a carbonization furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, maintaining the pyrolysis for 2 hours, and cooling the cracked product to 40 ℃ to prepare the perishable garbage biomass charcoal.
Fresh pig manure (water content 70%) and rice straw are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2:1, mixing and composting to form the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer.
The preparation of the formula and the granulation process: the method comprises the steps of (1) mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 1:8:1, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture, adding 1wt% of dextrin into the mixture, and granulating by a granulator to obtain the special perishable garbage carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Example 2:
in order to study the influence of the proportion of the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and the bentonite on the perishable garbage charcoal-based organic fertilizer, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that: the preparation of the formula and the granulation process: the method comprises the steps of (1) mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 2:7:1, and the rest of the preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Example 3:
In order to study the influence of the proportion of the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and the bentonite on the perishable garbage charcoal-based organic fertilizer, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that: the preparation of the formula and the granulation process: the method comprises the steps of (1) mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 3:6:1, and the rest of the preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Example 4:
In order to study the influence of the proportion of the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and the bentonite on the perishable garbage charcoal-based organic fertilizer, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that: the preparation of the formula and the granulation process: the method comprises the steps of (1) mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 4:5:1, and the rest of the preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Comparative example 1:
Fresh pig manure (water content 70%) and rice straw are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2:1, mixing and composting to form the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer.
The preparation of the formula and the granulation process: the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite are prepared according to the mass ratio of 9:1, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture, adding 1wt% of dextrin into the mixture, and granulating by a granulator to obtain the special perishable garbage carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Comparative example 2:
The raw material of the perishable garbage biomass charcoal is perishable garbage, the perishable garbage is composed of 40% of cane shoot leaves, 20% of pericarps and 40% of rice and flour residue kitchen waste according to mass percentage, the EC value of the perishable garbage raw material is 5.23mS/cm, the phosphorus content is 0.70%, and the potassium content is 2.52%. Removing impurities, dehydrating and degreasing salt from the perishable garbage, drying to reduce the moisture content to below 20%, and simply stirring and crushing; and then delivering the crushed perishable garbage into a carbonization furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, maintaining the pyrolysis for 2 hours, and cooling the cracked product to 40 ℃ to prepare the perishable garbage biomass charcoal.
The preparation of the formula and the granulation process: and (3) mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 9:1, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture, adding 1wt% of dextrin into the mixture, and granulating by a granulator to obtain the special perishable garbage carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice.
The special carbon-based organic fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
The perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizers prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were taken respectively for rice pot experiments to explore the optimal application ratio of the perishable garbage carbon to the pig manure organic fertilizer. The test method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 20g of the carbon-based organic fertilizer of the perishable garbage with 1kg of soil (which is equivalent to the application amount of the carbon-based fertilizer of 3000 kg/mu in a field experiment), and adding deionized water to enable the water surface to be 2-5 cm higher than the soil. After the properties of soil and the carbon-based organic fertilizer are stable, applying a compound fertilizer, transplanting rice seedlings, and planting 3 plants in each pot. And monitoring the influence of the carbon-based fertilizer on the biomass and the nutrient accumulation of the rice under different carbon-based ratios. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows the effect of different proportions of a perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulation on biomass above and below the ground of rice. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of comparative example 2 was the lowest, 5.06 g/pot; whereas the aboveground biomass of examples 2 and 3 was greater, 7.895 and 7.82 g/pot respectively, increased by 35.6% and 34.3% compared to comparative example 1 and 55.9% and 54.4% compared to comparative example 2. In addition, the biomass of the subsurface portion of example 2 was 1.82 g/basin, higher than all other treatments. Therefore, the result shows that the rice grows better when the proportion of the perishable garbage carbon in the perishable garbage carbon base fertilizer special for rice is 20-30%, the proportion of the pig manure organic fertilizer is 60-70% and the proportion of the bentonite is 10%.
TABLE 1 influence of different proportions of perishable waste carbon-based fertilizer formulations on the accumulation of nitrogen and potassium on the aerial parts of rice
| Nitrogen accumulation (mg/basin) | Potassium accumulation (mg/basin) | |
| Comparative example 1 | 58.32±0.93c | 112.96±10.23cd |
| Comparative example 2 | 53.31±12.4c | 104.89±28.43d |
| Example 1 | 69.56±14.57b | 136.22±26.66abc |
| Example 2 | 86.27±9.01a | 159.93±16.93a |
| Example 3 | 81.76±6.66ab | 156.55±7.29a |
| Example 4 | 70.78±5.65b | 132.27±12.65abcd |
Note that: lower case letters in the figures indicate that there was a significant difference between treatments (LSD, p < 0.05); the following is the same.
The results of the above tables indicate that the nitrogen accumulation amount and the potassium accumulation amount of comparative examples 1 and 2 are the lowest. The nitrogen accumulation and potassium accumulation of examples 2 and 3 were higher than those of the other treatments, and the data were statistically different. The result shows that when the proportion of the perishable garbage carbon is 20-30%, the proportion of the pig manure organic fertilizer is 60-70% and the proportion of the bentonite is 10%, the special carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice can promote nutrient absorption and accumulation of rice, and is beneficial to nutrient requirements in the growth period of rice.
Example 5:
Compared with the example 2, when the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage is prepared, the crushed perishable garbage is sent into a carbonization furnace, the temperature rising rate of 10 ℃/min reaches 450 ℃ under the anaerobic or anaerobic condition, the pyrolysis is kept for 2 hours, and the cracked product is cooled to 40 ℃ to prepare the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage, and other preparation methods are the same as those of the example 2.
The special carbon-based fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Example 6:
compared with the example 2, when the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage is prepared, the crushed perishable garbage is sent into a carbonization furnace, the temperature rising rate of 10 ℃/min reaches 650 ℃ under the anaerobic or anaerobic condition, the pyrolysis is kept for 2 hours, and the cracked product is cooled to 40 ℃ to prepare the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage, and other preparation methods are the same as those of the example 2.
The special carbon-based fertilizer for the perishable garbage for rice is used as a base fertilizer, and is applied to soil with the application amount of 3000 kg/mu.
Influence of formula of perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer at different temperatures on rice: the perishable garbage carbon base fertilizer in the example 2 and the perishable garbage carbon base fertilizer in the examples 5 and 6 are respectively taken for rice pot experiments to explore the optimal application formulas of the perishable garbage carbon and the pig manure organic fertilizer at different temperatures. The test method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 20g of the carbon-based organic fertilizer of the perishable garbage with 1kg of soil (which is equivalent to the application amount of the carbon-based fertilizer of 3000 kg/mu in a field experiment), and adding deionized water to enable the water surface to be 2-5 cm higher than the soil. After the properties of soil and the carbon-based organic fertilizer are stable, applying a compound fertilizer, transplanting rice seedlings, and planting 3 plants in each pot. The effect of the application of the perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer at different temperatures on the biomass and nutrient accumulation of rice is monitored. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows the effect of different temperature perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulations on rice biomass above and below ground. The results show that the biomass of the overground part and the underground part of the rice at the carbonization temperature of 550 ℃ is obviously higher than 450 ℃ and 650 ℃, and the data have statistical difference (p < 0.05). The application of the perishable garbage carbon at 550 ℃ and the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite is more beneficial to the growth of rice.
TABLE 2 influence of perishable waste carbon-based fertilizer formulations at different temperatures on the accumulation of nitrogen and potassium on the overground parts of rice
| Nitrogen accumulation (mg/basin) | Potassium accumulation (mg/basin) | |
| Example 5 (450 ℃ C.) | 58.32±17.38b | 114.00±29.54b |
| Example 2 (550 ℃ C.) | 86.27±9.01a | 159.93±16.92a |
| Example 6 (650 ℃ C.) | 59.14±14.17b | 114.15±25.9b |
The change trend of the accumulated amounts of nitrogen and potassium of the overground parts of the rice under the carbon-based fertilizer of the perishable garbage at different temperatures is consistent with the change trend of biomass of the overground parts, and the accumulated amounts of the nitrogen and potassium of the rice under the application of the carbon-based organic fertilizer prepared at 550 ℃ are the largest, and the data have statistical differences. The application of the 550 ℃ perishable garbage carbon and the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by rice, and improve the nutrient utilization efficiency of the rice.
Influence of perishable refuse charcoal base fertilizer formulation on soil fertility and carbon fixation:
TABLE 3 influence of perishable refuse charcoal base fertilizer on soil fertility and carbon sequestration potential
Influence of perishable refuse charcoal base fertilizer formulation on soil microbial community: FIG. 3 shows the effect of different perishable garbage carbon-based fertilizer formulations on soil microflora composition (a) and relative abundance of portal horizontal flora (b). Further extracting soil DNA and performing high-throughput sequencing to analyze the soil bacterial community composition. The results show that the soil microflora of example 2 is significantly different from comparative examples 1 and 2. The treatment of example 2 allows to modify the relative abundance of actinomycetes, phylum pumilus, phylum bacteroides and phylum green-bending bacteria compared to comparative examples 1 and 2, optimizing the soil microflora.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a carbon-based organic fertilizer of carbon-fixed special perishable garbage for rice is characterized by comprising the following steps: is composed of the following steps of the method,
Preparing the biomass charcoal of the perishable garbage: removing impurities, dehydrating, degreasing, drying, stirring and crushing the perishable garbage raw materials until the moisture content is less than or equal to 20%, feeding the crushed perishable garbage raw materials into a carbonization furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under anaerobic or anaerobic conditions, keeping the pyrolysis for 2-3 hours, and cooling the cracked products to obtain the perishable garbage biomass charcoal;
Preparing a pig manure organic fertilizer: pig manure and rice straw are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2-3: 1, mixing and composting to form decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer;
Preparing a carbon-based organic fertilizer: the perishable garbage biomass charcoal, the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite are mixed according to the following proportion (2-3): (6-7): 1, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a carbon-based organic fertilizer;
the perishable garbage raw material is prepared by mixing cane shoot leaves, peel and rice and flour residue kitchen garbage as the perishable garbage raw material; in the perishable garbage raw material, the content of cane shoot leaves is 40%, the content of pericarps is 20%, and the content of rice and flour residue kitchen garbage is 40%.
2. The method for preparing the carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer from the perishable garbage special for rice, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the EC value of the perishable garbage raw material is 5.23 mS/cm, the phosphorus content is 0.70%, and the potassium content is 2.52%.
3. The method for preparing the carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer of the special perishable garbage for rice, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the granulation is carried out by mixing the perishable garbage biomass charcoal with the pig manure organic fertilizer and bentonite, adding 1wt% of dextrin, and granulating.
4. The carbon-fixed carbon-based organic fertilizer for rice special for the perishable garbage, which is prepared by the preparation method of claim 1.
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