CN115095581A - Device and method for visualization experiment of cavity of main valve core control cavity of proportional valve - Google Patents
Device and method for visualization experiment of cavity of main valve core control cavity of proportional valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN115095581A CN115095581A CN202210905103.7A CN202210905103A CN115095581A CN 115095581 A CN115095581 A CN 115095581A CN 202210905103 A CN202210905103 A CN 202210905103A CN 115095581 A CN115095581 A CN 115095581A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a proportional valve main valve core control cavity hole visualization experiment device, which adopts a visualization observation block connected to the end of a proportional valve to participate in the work of the proportional valve. And the observation block is connected with related temperature, pressure and position sensors, and in the working process of the proportional valve, when a 'cavity' appears in hydraulic oil in the main hole (the valve cavity of the proportional valve), the conditions such as the motion state of the valve core in the main hole, the formation and evolution process of the cavity and the like can be visually observed through the transparent visual observation block. The controller can provide improved theoretical basis for production and designers of the proportional valve by integrating the grade of the hydraulic oil, relevant sensor data and the cavity forming amount. In addition, the experimental device of the invention also provides corresponding technical measures for reducing or removing the cavity. Finally, the method of the invention realizes the visualization of the control oil cavity and can study the problems more intuitively and essentially.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic pressure, in particular to a basic research device and an experimental method for a proportional valve main valve core control cavity forming mechanism.
Background
The digital proportional valve taking a valve bridge consisting of four high-speed switching valves as a pilot stage has the advantages of strong anti-pollution capability, high reliability, easiness in manufacturing, flexible control method, obvious advantages in occasions with severe working environments such as engineering machinery and the like, and is a core control element in the intelligent development of equipment such as the engineering machinery and the like. However, in the process of developing a proportional valve using a high-speed switch valve bridge as a pilot stage, it is found that, due to air mixing in the initial installation stage and in the motion process of a valve core, a control oil cavity generates a large cavitation phenomenon in the process of moving a main valve core of the proportional valve to a given position at a high speed, so that the oscillation phenomenon of the main valve core with high frequency and small amplitude is caused, the control precision of the proportional valve is lowered, and the stability is deteriorated.
In the earlier research and development process, the inventor of the present invention forms the patent application of CN113202840A, a method for judging the high-frequency response large-flow hydraulic valve main valve core hole clearance oscillation and a method for compensating the high-frequency response large-flow hydraulic valve main valve core hole clearance oscillation.
Firstly, a cavitation phenomenon exists in control oil cavities at two ends of a main valve core of a hydraulic valve; as shown in fig. 12, the working port a1 in the drawing feeds oil into the proportional valve 2, the main valve element 21 is driven to move to the right in the drawing, and the hydraulic oil in the right working chamber flows out of the working port B1. A cavity play 33 is generated in the control oil chamber, the existence of the play 33 enables a large change in the damping characteristic of the spool movement, and the phenomenon of oscillation is caused by the reduction of the damping due to the play when the spool 112 of the main spool valve 11 is accurately position-controlled.
Secondly, a solution is provided from the control angle for the phenomenon, the main valve core is controlled by utilizing different control rules in two stages of clearance and non-clearance, so that the main valve core rapidly crosses the cavity clearance stage, and the oscillation phenomenon caused by the cavity clearance is eliminated. Finally, a corresponding basic solving means is provided for solving the influence of the play on the running precision.
It should be noted that the patent results in better addressing the effects of "cavitation" on the hydraulic valve from a control perspective. The mechanism of "cavitation" formation, and the means to eliminate or reduce "cavitation", are not fundamentally recognized.
In the course of subsequent studies, the inventors have preliminarily recognized that the cavitation play 33 is essentially a "cavitation" formed by the presence of air in the main bore of the proportional valve 2, mainly due to the following three basic channels: firstly, a cavity is arranged in an initial state when the main valve core is installed; second, the hydraulic oil entering from the control oil port is brought into the main hole; thirdly, the main valve core is formed by matching with a clearance in the moving process. Therefore, how to integrate various operation indexes and reveal a cavity forming mechanism in the actual working process to form a platform-type result so as to promote the technicians in the field to jointly improve related products becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a proportional valve main valve core control cavity visual experimental device and method which can visually reveal the forming process of an oil cavity field in the working process of a digital proportional valve so as to research the rule of cavity formation and provide an improved and improved theoretical basis for design, production and manufacturing enterprises of proportional valves.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device comprises a proportional valve 2, a bridge type oil circuit consisting of four high-speed switch valves 6 and a controller; the proportional valve 2 is provided with a valve body, a main valve core 21 and a handle connecting rod 22, one end of the valve body, which is provided with the handle connecting rod 22, is connected with a visual observation block 1,
the visual observation block 1 is provided with a control oil cavity and 11 position sensor mounting holes 12; after the visual observation block 1 is connected with the valve body, the control oil cavity 11 is coaxial with a main hole of the valve body, so that the main valve core 21 can drive the handle connecting rod 22 to reciprocate in the main hole and the control oil cavity 11; the position sensor in the position sensor mounting hole 12 is used for collecting motion data of the main valve element 21;
two side surfaces of the inner wall of the control oil chamber 11 are provided with a pair of limiting bosses 112 with sections in shapes of inferior arcs, and the limiting bosses are used for limiting the spring of the main valve element 21 in a restraining manner;
the visual observation block 1 can observe the working state in the control oil cavity 11 from the side by taking the inner surface of the limit boss 112 as a window.
An exhaust device mounting hole 14 communicated with the control oil cavity 11 is formed in the top surface of the visual observation block 1, and an exhaust device is arranged in the exhaust device mounting hole 14.
The visual observation block 1 is further provided with a pressure sensor mounting hole 13 and a temperature sensor mounting hole 16 which are communicated with the control oil cavity 11 and used for collecting the pressure and the temperature in the control oil cavity 11.
The exhaust device comprises a plug 4, a hole sealing bolt 41 and a sealing nut 42, the plug 4 is in threaded connection with the exhaust device mounting hole 14, a small screw hole 43 penetrating through the top and the bottom is formed in the plug 4, the sealing nut 42 is in threaded connection with the hole sealing bolt 41, and the hole sealing bolt 41 is in threaded connection with the small screw hole 43.
The exhaust device comprises an exhaust screw plug 5 and a steel ball 52, wherein the steel ball 52 is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust screw plug 5 and is blocked at the upper orifice of the exhaust device mounting hole 14, so that the exhaust device mounting hole 14 is isolated from the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug 5;
the side edge of the exhaust plug screw 5 is provided with an exhaust hole 51, and the exhaust hole 51 is communicated with the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust plug screw 5 and the outside.
The bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug 5 is provided with a blind hole 53, the diameter of the blind hole 53 is smaller than that of the steel ball 52, and a spring 54 is arranged in the blind hole 53.
The experimental method of the proportional valve main valve core control cavity visual experimental device is carried out according to the following steps,
1) a position sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an exhaust device are arranged on the visual observation block, and the internal and external sealing is ensured after the exhaust device is arranged;
2) disassembling the manual end cover of the proportional valve, and connecting the visual observation block to the end face of the proportional valve;
3) erecting a high-speed camera at the position of a side observation window of the visual observation block;
4) controlling the main valve core to reciprocate towards two sides;
5) shooting and recording the change condition of the oil cavity hole;
6) and collecting and recording temperature, pressure and position data.
The invention provides a proportional valve main valve core control cavity hole visualization experiment device, which adopts a visualization observation block connected to the end of a proportional valve to participate in the work of the proportional valve. And the observation block is connected with related temperature, pressure and position sensors, and in the working process of the proportional valve, when 'cavities' of hydraulic oil in the main hole (the valve cavity of the proportional valve) appear, the conditions of the motion state of the valve core in the main hole, the formation and evolution process of the cavities and the like can be visually observed through the transparent visual observation block. The controller can provide improved theoretical basis for the production and designer of the proportional valve by integrating the grade of the hydraulic oil, the related sensor data and the cavity forming amount. In addition, the experimental device of the invention also provides corresponding technical measures for reducing or removing the cavity. Finally, the method of the invention realizes the visualization of the control oil cavity and can study the problems more intuitively and essentially.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an observation block of the present invention,
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the observation block of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the observation block of the present invention attached to the end of the main spool of a proportional valve,
figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention,
figure 5 is a hydraulic schematic diagram during the experiment of the invention,
figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the exhaust apparatus of the present invention,
figure 7 is a schematic view showing the operation of the exhaust apparatus of the present invention,
figure 8 is a second schematic view of the operation of the exhaust system of the present invention,
figure 9 is a third schematic view of the operation of the exhaust system of the present invention,
FIG. 10 is a first schematic view of another embodiment of the exhaust apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 11 is a second schematic structural view of another embodiment of the exhaust apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the background art of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a visual observation block, 11 is a control oil chamber, 111 is a sealing groove, 112 is a limit boss, 12 is a position sensor mounting hole, 13 is a pressure sensor mounting hole, 14 is an exhaust device mounting hole, 15 is a bolt hole, 16 is a temperature sensor mounting hole, 17 is a mounting surface, 171 is an edge step surface,
2 is a reversing valve, 21 is a main valve core, 22 is a handle connecting rod,
3 is hydraulic oil, 31 is a bubble, 32 is an air chamber, 33 is a cavity play,
4 is a replacement plug, 41 is a hole sealing bolt, 42 is a sealing nut, 43 is a small screw hole,
5 is an exhaust screw plug, 51 is an exhaust hole, 52 is a steel ball, 53 is a screw plug blind hole, 54 is a spring,
and 6 is a high-speed switching valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1-11.
The invention relates to a proportional valve main valve core control cavity visualization experiment device, which comprises a proportional valve 2 (a main valve), a bridge type oil circuit (as shown in figure 5, a carrier oil circuit applied to the experiment device of the invention) formed by four high-speed switch valves 6 and a controller; the proportional valve 2 is provided with a valve body, a main valve core 21 and a handle connecting rod 22, one end of the valve body, which is provided with the handle connecting rod 22, is connected with a visual observation block 1,
the visual observation block 1 is provided with a control oil cavity and 11 position sensor mounting holes 12; after the visual observation block 1 is connected with the valve body, the control oil cavity 11 is coaxial with the main hole of the valve body, so that the main valve core 21 can drive the handle connecting rod 22 to reciprocate in the main hole and the control oil cavity 11; the position sensor in the position sensor mounting hole 12 is connected with a controller and used for collecting motion data of the main valve element 21;
two side surfaces of the inner wall of the control oil cavity 11 are provided with a pair of limiting bosses 112 with the cross sections in the shape of an inferior arc, and the limiting bosses are used for limiting the spring of the main valve core 21;
the visual observation block 1 can observe the working state in the control oil cavity 11 from the side by taking the inner surface of the limit boss 112 as a window.
The top surface of the visual observation block 1 is provided with an exhaust device mounting hole 14 communicated with the control oil cavity 11, and an exhaust device is arranged in the exhaust device mounting hole 14.
The visual observation block 1 is also provided with a pressure sensor mounting hole 13 and a temperature sensor mounting hole 16 which are communicated with the control oil cavity 11 and used for collecting the pressure and the temperature in the control oil cavity 11. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with the controller
The end face, facing the valve body of the proportional valve 2, of the visual observation block 1 is a mounting face 17, and edge step faces 171 are arranged on two side edges of the mounting face 17 respectively and used for preventing interference between the visual observation block and the head and tail of the proportional valve in the mounting process due to machining errors. This is mainly because the proportional valves are generally arranged in parallel in multiple ways, and after the edge step surface 171 is arranged, the end surface of the observation block 1 of the present invention can avoid the contact with the valve body of the adjacent proportional valve.
The exhaust apparatus of the present invention has the following two embodiments,
first, as shown in fig. 6 to 9, the exhaust device includes a plug 4, a hole-sealing bolt 41 and a sealing nut 42, the plug 4 is connected with the exhaust device mounting hole 14 through a screw thread, a small screw hole 43 penetrating through the top and the bottom is formed on the plug 4, the sealing nut 42 is connected to the hole-sealing bolt 41 through a screw thread, and the hole-sealing bolt 41 is further connected to the small screw hole 43 through a screw thread. The first type of exhaust device is essentially a mode of physically replacing a cavity, and after the cavity 32 is formed in the main hole, the sealing nut 42 is loosened, the hole-sealing bolt 41 is opened, and the plug 4 is integrally screwed down, or hydraulic oil 33 is filled into the small screw hole 43 to replace the cavity 32, and then sealing is performed.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 10 to 11, the exhaust device comprises an exhaust screw plug 5 and a steel ball 52, wherein the steel ball 52 is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust screw plug 5 and is blocked at the upper orifice of the exhaust device mounting hole 14, so that the exhaust device mounting hole 14 is isolated from the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug 5; the side edge of the exhaust plug screw 5 is provided with an exhaust hole 51, and the exhaust hole 51 is communicated with the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust plug screw 5 and the outside. When a 'cavity' is formed in the main hole, the 'cavity' can be concentrated on the upper section of the mounting hole 14 due to the position factor of the mounting hole 14, the exhaust screw plug 5 is loosened at the moment, and partial gas can be exhausted when the gas pressure in the hole is large, so that the internal and external gas pressures are balanced.
Under the second structure concept, a blind hole 53 is formed in the bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug 5, the diameter of the blind hole 53 is smaller than that of the steel ball 52, and a spring 54 is arranged in the blind hole 53. Form similar pressure regulating check valve structure, in the course of the work, rationally set up spring pressure, can discharge unnecessary gas.
Summarizing the first and second exhaust modes, the first mode can exhaust holes in holes by a displacement concept, but online exhaust cannot be realized. The second is an air pressure balance type exhaust inner side, which can realize the balance of the inner air pressure and the outer air pressure but can not realize real exhaust.
The present invention proposes the above two exhaust forms and tries to describe a directional technical measure in improving the working precision of the proportional valve. Still other modifications, improvements and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the basic inventive concepts of the present invention and a development of the present invention.
The experimental method of the proportional valve main valve core control cavity visual experimental device is carried out according to the following steps,
1) a position sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an exhaust device are arranged on the visual observation block, and the internal and external sealing is ensured after the exhaust device is arranged;
2) disassembling the manual end cover of the proportional valve, and connecting the visual observation block to the end face of the proportional valve;
3) erecting a high-speed camera at the position of a side observation window of the visual observation block; the mechanism and variations of the hole formation can be intuitively understood by those skilled in the art.
4) Controlling the main valve core to reciprocate towards two sides;
5) recording the cavity change condition of the control oil cavity;
6) and collecting and recording temperature, pressure and position data.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The proportional valve main valve core control cavity hole visualization experiment device comprises a proportional valve (2), a bridge type oil circuit formed by four high-speed switch valves (6) and a controller; the proportional valve (2) is provided with a valve body, a main valve core (21) and a handle connecting rod (22), and is characterized in that one end of the valve body, which is provided with the handle connecting rod (22), is connected with a visual observation block (1),
the visual observation block (1) is provided with a control oil cavity and a position sensor mounting hole (11) (12); after the visual observation block (1) is connected with the valve body, the control oil cavity (11) and a main hole of the valve body are coaxial, so that the main valve core (21) can drive the handle connecting rod (22) to reciprocate in the main hole and the control oil cavity (11); the position sensor (the position sensor is connected with the controller) in the position sensor mounting hole (12) and is used for collecting the motion data of the main valve element (21);
two side surfaces of the inner wall of the control oil cavity (11) are provided with a pair of limiting bosses (112) with the cross sections in the shape of an inferior arc, and the limiting bosses are used for limiting the spring of the main valve core (21);
the visual observation block (1) can observe the working state in the control oil cavity (11) from the side by taking the inner surface of the limiting boss (112) as a window.
2. The visualization experiment device for the holes of the control cavity of the main valve element of the proportional valve according to claim 1, wherein a vent device mounting hole (14) communicated with the control oil cavity (11) is formed in the top surface of the visualization observation block (1), and a vent device is arranged in the vent device mounting hole (14).
3. The visualization experiment device for the holes of the main valve core control cavity of the proportional valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visualization observation block (1) is further provided with a pressure sensor mounting hole (13) and a temperature sensor mounting hole (16) which are communicated with the control oil cavity (11) and used for collecting the pressure and the temperature in the control oil cavity (11).
4. (pressure sensor and temperature sensor are connected with controller respectively)
The visualization experiment device for the holes of the control cavity of the main valve element of the proportional valve according to claim 1, wherein the end face, facing the valve body of the proportional valve (2), of the visualization block (1) is a mounting face (17), and edge step faces (171) are respectively arranged on two side edges of the mounting face (17) and used for preventing interference between the visualization block and a head joint and a tail joint of the proportional valve due to machining errors in the mounting process.
5. The visual experimental device of proportional valve main valve element control chamber hole of claim 2, characterized in that, exhaust apparatus includes plug (4), hole sealing bolt (41) and sealing nut (42), plug (4) and exhaust apparatus mounting hole (14) are through threaded connection, offer on plug (4) through top, the little screw hole (43) of bottom, sealing nut (42) threaded connection is on hole sealing bolt (41), hole sealing bolt (41) threaded connection is again in little screw hole (43).
6. The device for visualization experiment of the cavity of the main valve element control cavity of the proportional valve according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust device comprises an exhaust screw plug (5) and a steel ball (52), the steel ball (52) is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust screw plug (5) and seals an upper orifice of the exhaust device mounting hole (14), so that the exhaust device mounting hole (14) is isolated from the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug (5);
an exhaust hole (51) is formed in the side edge of the exhaust plug screw (5), and the exhaust hole (51) is communicated with the space on the bottom surface of the exhaust plug screw (5) and the outside.
7. The proportional valve main valve element control cavity hole visualization experiment device according to claim 6, wherein a blind hole (53) is formed in the bottom surface of the exhaust screw plug (5), the diameter of the blind hole (53) is smaller than that of the steel ball (52), and a spring (54) is arranged in the blind hole (53).
8. An experimental method of a visual experimental device for the cavity of a main valve core control cavity of a proportional valve as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps,
1) a position sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an exhaust device are arranged on the visual observation block, and the internal and external sealing is ensured after the exhaust device is arranged;
2) disassembling the manual end cover of the proportional valve, and connecting the visual observation block to the end face of the proportional valve;
3) erecting a high-speed camera at the position of a side observation window of the visual observation block;
4) controlling the main valve core to reciprocate towards two sides;
5) recording the cavity change condition of the control oil cavity;
6) and collecting and recording temperature, pressure and position data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210905103.7A CN115095581B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Hole visualization experiment device and method for control cavity of main valve core of proportional valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210905103.7A CN115095581B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Hole visualization experiment device and method for control cavity of main valve core of proportional valve |
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| CN115095581A true CN115095581A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
| CN115095581B CN115095581B (en) | 2024-10-01 |
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