CN115094266B - High-strength conductive elastic copper alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength conductive elastic copper alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 123
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910017876 Cu—Ni—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 206010062575 Muscle contracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021484 silicon-nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy, which comprises the following elements: at least one of Ni and Co; and the mass content of Ni+Co is 10-20wt.%; at least one of the elements Si, sn, al; the mass ratio of Ni, co, si, sn, al element also satisfies: 6.2: 1-9% of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Al+Sn): 1, a step of; the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities. The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy. The high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy has the advantages of high alloy strength, high elasticity, good conductivity and excellent room temperature and high temperature damping performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, and particularly relates to a copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy has important roles in the fields of aerospace, electronic components, high-speed rails, important parts of automobiles and the like. As technology is iterated continuously, various fields put higher demands on the strength and conductivity of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys. Meanwhile, the high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy is required to meet specific requirements under specific service environments, such as being used as automobile engine parts, and damping performance is important besides the requirements for strength and conductivity. As a reed in a contactor, stress relaxation performance is also one of important performance indexes.
The Cu-Ni-Si alloy has recently received a lot of attention as a novel high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy. However, the combination properties of the currently disclosed Cu-Ni-Si alloys are to be enhanced, in particular the damping properties and stress relaxation properties. In addition, the existing preparation process of the Cu-Ni-Si alloy mostly has the problems of complex process flow, low working efficiency, high energy consumption and the like. For example, patent CN110195170a discloses a preparation method for improving the toughness of Cu-Ni-Si alloy, and the mentioned process flow requires multiple solid solution, cold rolling and annealing treatments, and the flow is relatively complex. For example, patent CN105018871a discloses a heat treatment process for a CuNiSi lead frame opposite strip, which comprises the following heat treatment processes: (1) annealing: heating at 800-950 deg.c for 1 hr and cooling with furnace; (2) and (3) hot rolling: carrying out five hot rolling at 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃ and 950 ℃; (3) quenching: preserving the temperature at 820-850 ℃ for 20 minutes, and then placing the mixture into water for 15 minutes; (4) and (3) cooling: cooling in air; (5) solution treatment: heating at 600-750deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 40-50 min; (6) aging: 300 ℃, 350 ℃, 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃ and 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours and 6 hours respectively. The patent needs furnace cooling after annealing, which greatly reduces the working efficiency in industrial production, and the solution treatment increases the energy consumption in the production process after cooling.
In general, it is necessary to provide a cu—ni—si alloy excellent in combination properties and a preparation process having a short process flow and low energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and the shortcomings in the background art, and provides a high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy with high strength, excellent conductivity, excellent stress relaxation performance and excellent damping performance and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy, comprising the following elements:
at least one of Ni and Co; and the mass content of Ni+Co is 10-20wt.%;
at least one of the elements Si, sn, al;
the mass ratio of Ni, co, si, sn, al element also satisfies: 6.2: 1-9% of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Al+Sn): 1, a step of;
the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities. The above (ni+co) refers to the total mass of elemental Ni and elemental Co.
The high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy preferably further contains at least one of elements Cr and Mg; the mass content of Cr is 0.001-0.15wt.%, and the mass content of Mg is 0.001-0.15wt.%. The addition of Cr and Mg can further improve the comprehensive performance of the material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy, which comprises the following steps of:
(a) Batching according to the composition of copper alloy elements, putting copper and other elements into a smelting furnace for smelting, and forming an alloy solution after the molten liquid is uniform;
(b) Casting the alloy solution obtained in the step (a) into an ingot to obtain an ingot blank, carrying out homogenization treatment, and then carrying out hot rolling/hot extrusion to obtain a hot rolled plate/hot extrusion rod;
(c) Carrying out solution treatment, water quenching and high-temperature aging treatment on the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained in the step (b);
(d) And (3) performing cold rolling/drawing deformation treatment on the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high-temperature aging treatment in the step (c) to obtain the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy.
In the preparation method, the homogenization treatment temperature is preferably 1000-1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is preferably 2-4h.
In the above preparation method, it is preferable that the homogenization treatment is followed by hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is controlled to 900-1000 ℃, and the deformation amount of hot rolling/hot extrusion is controlled to 80-95%.
In the preparation method, preferably, the temperature of the solution treatment is 950-1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-8h.
In the preparation method, preferably, the solution treatment is followed by online water quenching to be cooled to the temperature of high-temperature aging treatment, wherein the cooling speed of the sample surface is more than or equal to 30 ℃/s in the online water quenching cooling process, and the cooling speed of the sample core is more than or equal to 10 ℃/s.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the temperature of the high temperature aging treatment is 550-700 ℃ and the time is 10-60 minutes.
In the above preparation method, it is preferable that the cold rolling/drawing deformation treatment is performed in multiple passes, the deformation amount of each pass of cold rolling/cold drawing is controlled to be less than or equal to 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 0.5-10s -1 And controlling the total deformation of cold rolling/cold drawing to 75-95%.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the smelting furnace is protected by a micro-reducing gas, the micro-reducing gas is mixed with a reducing gas by nitrogen, the volume content of the nitrogen is not less than 95%, and the reducing gas includes carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen.
For the alloy material in the invention, the processing temperature, processing time, deformation and other process parameters influence the microstructure of the alloy material, so that different performances are shown. Based on the special component design of the invention and the special treatment process, the Cu-Ni-Si alloy with optimal comprehensive performance can be obtained through the control of the process parameters.
The Cu-Ni-Si alloy is used as a novel high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy, and by reasonably designing alloy components and content, co and Ni can form infinite solid solution with Cu, so that the strength of the alloy can be greatly improved through solid solution strengthening by high (Ni+Co) content (10-20 wt.%); meanwhile, si element, co and Ni element can be separated out by aging to form Co 2 Si、Ni 2 Si and Ni 3 The Si reinforcing phase particles increase the alloy strength. Sn, al and Ni and Co elements can be formed into Ni 3 Sn、Ni 3 Al、Co 3 Sn and Co 2 Al 3 The reinforcing phase particles reinforce the matrix. In addition, the high (Ni+Co) content further promotes the precipitation of Si, sn and Al elements, suppresses the influence of the reduction of the conductivity of Si, sn and Al elements, and reduces the reduction of the conductivity of the alloy.
However, the mass ratio of the elements Ni and Co to the elements Si, sn and Al needs to be reasonably controlled, the usage amount of the elements Ni and Co is excessive, and the elements Ni and Co can remain in the copper matrix in the form of solid solution atoms, so that the conductivity is affected. The use amount of the elements Ni and Co is too small, excessive Si, al and Sn are left in the alloy, the quantity of strengthening phases in the material is insufficient, and the strength of the material is not high enough.
In addition, we have shown that the strengthening phase particles during the aging annealing process may vary with the parameters of the aging annealing (including temperature and time), and that the morphology of the strengthening phase particles may be represented as both continuous precipitated phases (in the form of discs) and discontinuous precipitated phases (in the form of platelets). Compared with a continuous phase, the lamellar discontinuous precipitation phase can more effectively purify the matrix, reduce the concentration of solid solution atoms in the Cu matrix, prevent conductivity reduction caused by the scattering effect of solute atoms on electrons, and simultaneously, after plastic deformation, the discontinuous precipitation phase has better work hardening effect and can more effectively strengthen the strength of the alloy. In addition, the discontinuous precipitated phase has advantages in stress relaxation performance and damping performance compared with the traditional continuous phase due to the specificity of the lamellar structure, and can meet the requirements under special environments.
The invention also optimizes the preparation method of the Cu-Ni-Si alloy, optimizes the process steps, particularly adjusts the temperature of high-temperature aging treatment to 550-700 ℃ for 10-60 minutes, combines the design of the alloy element components in the prior art at higher heat treatment temperature, can form or have discontinuous precipitated phases with special morphology and characteristics, and replaces the prior continuous precipitated phases with the discontinuous precipitated phases so as to ensure that the strengthening effect in the processing deformation is more obvious, greatly improves the strength of the alloy and obviously improves the strength of work hardening. Because the elements in the supersaturated solid solution are formed into discontinuous precipitation through aging, the matrix can be better purified, the scattering effect of solute atoms on electrons is reduced, and the conductivity of the alloy is improved. The movement of dislocation can be effectively blocked due to the lamellar structure of discontinuous precipitated phase, and the damping performance and stress relaxation performance are improved.
And the whole process route of the invention adopts ingot casting, homogenization treatment, hot rolling/hot extrusion, solution treatment, water quenching, high-temperature aging treatment and cold rolling/drawing deformation treatment, the mutual synergistic effect of the series of process steps and the optimization of process parameters are combined, so that the invention has good matching relationship with the composition design of the alloy, and is beneficial to the advantage of the composition design of the alloy. The alloy composition design of the invention is adopted, and the process route and the process parameters of the invention are adopted to mutually coordinate, so that the ultrahigh-strength conductive elastic copper alloy with high strength, excellent conductivity, excellent stress relaxation performance and excellent damping performance can be obtained.
In general, the ultra-high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy with high strength, excellent conductivity, excellent stress relaxation performance and excellent damping performance is finally obtained through the design of alloy components and the optimization of the preparation method and the process parameters, so that the requirements under special environments can be met. In addition, the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short flow, low energy consumption and outstanding advantages compared with the prior art.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy has high alloy strength, more excellent damping performance and stress relaxation performance, the maximum tensile strength at room temperature is 1300-1500MPa, the yield strength is 1200-1300MPa, the elastic modulus is 140-160GPa, and the conductivity is 25-40% IACS; the room temperature loss factor of the damping performance is 0.1-0.2%; the loss factor at 100 ℃ is 0.2-0.32%; the loss factor at 300 ℃ is 1.7-3.2%.
2. The preparation method of the ultra-high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy has the advantages of short production process flow, low production cost and simple operation, and is applied to industrial production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of a billet obtained by subjecting the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy prepared in example 1 to step (b).
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of a billet obtained by subjecting the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy prepared in example 1 to step (c).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:10.0%; co 0.001%; si 1.6%; 0.001% Sn; al 0.001%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 10.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 6.25:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 900 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 950 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, carrying out online water quenching cooling on a sample to a high-temperature aging temperature, wherein the cooling speed of the surface of the sample is 30 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the core of the sample is 10 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 550 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, and each pass of deformation cold rolling/cold drawing can be performedThe deformation amount is controlled to be 10 percent, and the deformation strain rate is controlled to be 10s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 95%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
An SEM image of the ingot obtained after step (b) is shown in fig. 1, and an SEM image of the billet obtained after step (c) is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the crystal grains in the alloy subjected to the homogenization and hot rolling/hot extrusion treatment contain relatively complete crystal grains, and most of the cast structure and elimination of the microstructure in the alloy are equiaxed after homogenization, and contain a certain amount of annealed contracture crystals. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 2, after the high-temperature aging (c) treatment, a discontinuous precipitation structure with a lamellar structure is formed in the alloy, a matrix is purified, dislocation movement is blocked, and the conductivity and the yield strength of the alloy are greatly improved.
Example 2:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:10.0%; co 2.00%; si 1.60%; 0.001% Sn: al 0.001%: cr 0.01%: mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 12.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 7.5:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1020 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 920 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 40 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 20 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 580 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 8s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 95%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 3:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:10.0%; co 4.00%; si 2.0%; 0.001% Sn: al 0.001%: cr 0.01%: mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 14.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 7:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1020 ℃ for 4 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 940 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 85%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 30 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 20 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 600 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 30 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 0.5s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 90%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 4:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:13.0%; co 2.00%; si 2.10%; 0.001% Sn: al 0.001%: cr 0.01%: mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 15.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 7.14:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1040 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 940 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 85%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 50 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 20 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 580 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 8s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 90%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 5:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:16.0%; co 0.001%; si 0.001%; sn 1.000%; al 1.000%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is about 16.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 8:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1040 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 950 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 90%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 970 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, carrying out online water quenching cooling on a sample to a high-temperature aging temperature, wherein the cooling speed of the surface of the sample is 30 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the core of the sample is 25 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 600 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 6s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 90%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 6:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:15.0%; co 3.00%; si 0.001%; sn 1.000%; al 1.000%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 18.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 9:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 960 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 40 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 20 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 600 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 4s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 75%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 7:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:13.0%; co 6.00%; si 3.0%; 0.001% Sn; al 0.001%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 19.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 6.33:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 4 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 980 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, carrying out online water quenching cooling on a sample to a high-temperature aging temperature, wherein the cooling speed of the surface of the sample is 50 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the core of the sample is 25 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 600 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 1s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 85%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Example 8:
the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:14.0%; co 6.00%; si 1.60%; 0.7% of Sn; al 0.001%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 20.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 8.7:1.
the preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 4 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 1000 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 50 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 25 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 700 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 0.5s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 80%.
Room temperature tensile property, conductivity and damping property were tested for the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy obtained through the above treatment, and the elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, conductivity and loss factor thereof were shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1:
the copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:10.0%; co 0.001%; si 2.0%; 0.001% Sn; al 0.001%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is about 10.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 5:1.
the preparation method of the copper alloy of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 900 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 950 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, carrying out online water quenching cooling on a sample to a high-temperature aging temperature, wherein the cooling speed of the surface of the sample is 30 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the core of the sample is 10 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 550 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 10s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 95%.
The copper alloy obtained by the above treatment was tested for room temperature tensile properties, electrical conductivity and damping properties, and its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, electrical conductivity and loss factor, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2:
the copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:16.0%; co 0.001%; si 0.001%; sn 1.000%; al 1.000%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is about 16.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 8:1.
the preparation method of the copper alloy of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 850 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 950 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 90%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 970 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, carrying out online water quenching cooling on a sample to a high-temperature aging temperature, wherein the cooling speed of the surface of the sample is 30 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the core of the sample is 25 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 600 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 6s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 90%.
The copper alloy obtained by the above treatment was tested for room temperature tensile properties, electrical conductivity and damping properties, and its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, electrical conductivity and loss factor, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3:
the copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:14.0%; co 6.00%; si 1.60%; 0.7% of Sn; al 0.001%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 20.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 8.7:1.
the preparation method of the copper alloy of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 4 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 1000 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into high-temperature aging treatment, wherein the cooling speed of the sample surface is 50 ℃/s and the cooling speed of the sample core is 25 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 700 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 0.5s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total cold rolling/cold drawing deformation of the sample was 80%.
The copper alloy obtained by the above treatment was tested for room temperature tensile properties, electrical conductivity and damping properties, and its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, electrical conductivity and loss factor, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 4:
the copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:15.0%; co 3.00%; si 0.001%; sn 1.000%; al 1.000%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 18.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 9:1.
the preparation method of the copper alloy of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Firstly, putting a copper source, a nickel source and a cobalt source into a heating crucible to be melted, keeping the temperature of a melt above 1600 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, then adding a silicon source and a chromium source, finally cooling to 1200+/-20 ℃, adding a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source, preserving the temperature for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 960 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) Directly transferring a hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and after the solution treatment, the sample is subjected to online water quenching and cooling to a high-temperature aging temperature, the cooling speed of the sample surface is 40 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the sample core is 20 ℃/s in the online quenching process; the high-temperature aging temperature is 450 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes.
(d) The hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high temperature aging treatment is subjected to large deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation, the cold rolling/cold drawing can be performed in multiple passes, the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 10%, and the deformation strain rate is 4s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Cold rolling/cold drawing total of samplesThe deformation amount was 75%.
The copper alloy obtained by the above treatment was tested for room temperature tensile properties, electrical conductivity and damping properties, and its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, electrical conductivity and loss factor, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 5:
the copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:15.0%; co 3.00%; si 0.001%; sn 1.000%; al 1.000%; cr 0.01%; mg 0.01%; the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurity elements. Wherein the mass content of Ni+Co is 18.0%; the mass ratio of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Sn+Al) was 9:1.
the preparation method of the copper alloy of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(a) The materials are proportioned according to the mass percentage of the elements, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is adopted for protection during smelting. Adding a copper source, a nickel source, a cobalt source, a silicon source, a chromium source, a tin source, an aluminum source and a magnesium source together, preserving heat for 10min after all the materials are melted, and casting by adopting a graphite die after the melt is uniform.
(b) Homogenizing the obtained cast ingot at 1050 ℃ for 2 hours; after homogenization, hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging is directly carried out, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 960 ℃, and the deformation of hot rolling/hot extrusion is 80%.
(c) And directly transferring the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained through hot rolling/hot extrusion into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature solution treatment, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 960 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the aging treatment time is 60 minutes after the high-temperature aging temperature of a sample after the solution treatment is 600 ℃.
(d) And carrying out large-deformation cold rolling/cold drawing deformation on the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod subjected to high-temperature aging treatment, wherein the total deformation of the cold rolling/cold drawing of the sample is 75%.
The copper alloy obtained by the above treatment was tested for room temperature tensile properties, electrical conductivity and damping properties, and its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum tensile strength, electrical conductivity and loss factor, and the results are shown in table 1.
In table 1 below, the test instruments for modulus of elasticity, yield strength, tensile strength are universal tensile testers, the test instrument for conductivity is a double bridge tester, and the test instrument for loss factor is a damping performance tester.
Table 1: performance data for the alloys of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-5
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy is characterized by comprising the following elements:
at least one of Ni and Co; and the mass content of Ni+Co is 10-20wt.%;
at least one of the elements Si, sn, al;
the mass ratio of Ni, co, si, sn, al element also satisfies: 6.2: 1-9% of (Ni+Co)/(Si+Al+Sn): 1, a step of;
the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) Batching according to the composition of copper alloy elements, putting copper and other elements into a smelting furnace for smelting, and forming an alloy melt after the molten liquid is uniform;
(b) Casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (a) into an ingot to obtain an ingot blank, carrying out homogenization treatment, and then carrying out hot rolling/hot extrusion to obtain a hot rolled plate/hot extrusion rod;
(c) Carrying out solution treatment, water quenching and high-temperature aging treatment on the hot rolled plate/hot extruded rod obtained in the step (b);
(d) Cold rolling/drawing deformation treatment is carried out on the hot rolled plate/hot extrusion rod subjected to high-temperature aging treatment in the step (c), and the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy is obtained;
the homogenization treatment temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4h;
the temperature of the high-temperature aging treatment is 550-700 ℃ and the time is 10-60 minutes;
the room temperature maximum tensile strength of the high-strength conductive elastic copper alloy is 1300-1500MPa, the yield strength is 1200-1300MPa, the elastic modulus is 140-160GPa, and the electrical conductivity is 25-40% IACS; the room temperature loss factor of the damping performance is 0.1-0.2%, the loss factor of 100 ℃ is 0.2-0.32%, and the loss factor of 300 ℃ is 1.7-3.2%.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of elements Cr and Mg; the mass content of Cr is 0.001-0.15 wt%, and the mass content of Mg is 0.001-0.15 wt%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the homogenizing treatment is followed by hot rolling/hot extrusion cogging, the initial temperature of hot rolling/hot extrusion is controlled to 900-1000 ℃, and the deformation amount of hot rolling/hot extrusion is controlled to 80-95%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solution treatment is carried out at a temperature of 950-1050 ℃ for a holding time of 2-8 hours.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the solution treatment is followed by on-line water quenching and cooling to a temperature of high-temperature aging treatment, and the cooling speed of the sample surface is not less than 30 ℃/sec and the cooling speed of the sample core is not less than 10 ℃/sec during the on-line water quenching and cooling process.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cold rolling/drawing deformation treatment is performed in multiple passes, the deformation amount of each pass of cold rolling/cold drawing is controlled to be 10% or less, and the deformation strain rate is 0.5 to 10s -1 And controlling the total deformation of cold rolling/cold drawing to 75-95%.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the smelting furnace is internally protected by a micro-reducing gas, the micro-reducing gas is mixed with a reducing gas by nitrogen, the volume content of the nitrogen is not less than 95%, and the reducing gas comprises carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen.
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