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CN114997332A - Fault diagnosis method for wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine - Google Patents

Fault diagnosis method for wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114997332A
CN114997332A CN202210743966.9A CN202210743966A CN114997332A CN 114997332 A CN114997332 A CN 114997332A CN 202210743966 A CN202210743966 A CN 202210743966A CN 114997332 A CN114997332 A CN 114997332A
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fault
packet analysis
wavelet packet
vector machine
sparrow
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熊建斌
陈康
罗悦航
梁琼
聂锦机
钱文博
肖国威
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Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University
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Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/004Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life
    • G06N3/006Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life based on simulated virtual individual or collective life forms, e.g. social simulations or particle swarm optimisation [PSO]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a fault diagnosis method for a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine, which comprises the following steps of: s1: acquiring fault data; s2: preprocessing the collected fault data by wavelet packet analysis; s3: identifying and classifying by a relevant vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm; the method has the characteristics of quickly and accurately identifying different fault types under different conditions, and having excellent performances such as effectiveness and superiority. The invention can provide a new and more means for detecting the electrical fault in the operation process of the intelligent building for the building electrical industry practitioners, improve the discrimination and prevention capability of the building electrical industry practitioners on the accident occurring in the operation process of the intelligent building, avoid the occurrence of major accidents caused by the failure of the building electrical equipment, ensure the safety of the building electrical industry practitioners and ensure the normal operation of the intelligent building.

Description

Fault diagnosis method for wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a fault diagnosis method for a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine.
Background
With the ever higher demands on production quality and the continuous advancement of technology, the automation level of the industries such as machine building, power supply networks, building and electrical industry is increasing, and the structure of a large-scale system is becoming more and more complicated. For example, in a power system, there are many electrical components on many lines, such as transformers, motors, user equipment, etc., and in a large system composed of a plurality of subsystems, it is very important to monitor these components in real time. If a certain link fails, the system can operate quickly after the fault position needs to be detected and eliminated, if hidden dangers cannot be eliminated in time, the fault is likely to be enlarged, all interconnected subsystems are seriously damaged, normal economic production and quality requirements are affected, and even more, personal safety is endangered. Therefore, how to find and effectively predict faults in time to ensure safe, economic and reliable operation of equipment has been a problem faced by many complex systems for a long time.
The computer is used for replacing manual work to detect and calculate the fault, and the method is the fastest and the highest choice, and when the fault diagnosis technology is applied to a large complex system, once the fault diagnosis technology has self-learning capacity, the environment can be monitored in real time, so that the fault can be timely eliminated. At present, the diagnosis technology is still in a development stage, particularly in China, the intelligent fault diagnosis technology of the building electrical system starts late, and the stability and the efficiency of the intelligent fault diagnosis technology need to be improved, so that the idea of researching new diagnosis has huge application prospects in the future, and the intelligent fault diagnosis technology has high research value. Therefore, a fault diagnosis method of a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine is provided to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fault diagnosis method of a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization related vector machine, which can quickly and accurately detect the faults of a building electrical system in various complex environments, ensures the normal operation of an intelligent building, perfects a scientific detection system of the building electrical industry, avoids the occurrence of major accidents, also improves the safety of the intelligent building, realizes the minimization of fault-tolerant operation, has important significance for reducing the performance reduction to the maximum extent and avoiding dangerous situations, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fault diagnosis method for a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault data;
s2: preprocessing the collected fault data by wavelet packet analysis;
s3: identifying and classifying by a relevant vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm;
the fault data acquisition and wavelet packet analysis are connected with the preprocessing of the acquired fault data and used for obtaining fault characteristic vectors;
the wavelet packet analysis is used for preprocessing the collected fault data and is connected with a relevant vector machine identification classification optimized by a sparrow search algorithm for identifying and outputting results.
The fault data acquisition comprises fault setting, line connection and connection of a sensor and a data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, resistance signals of different fault types are acquired at the same position of the experiment platform by the data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, and the fault data acquisition comprises 50 fault acquisition points in each group of data.
The pretreatment of the wavelet packet analysis on the collected fault data comprises the steps of obtaining wavelet coefficients of each frequency band by subjecting one group of data to wavelet packet analysis, obtaining node energy by subjecting the wavelet coefficients of each frequency band to a corresponding normalization process of each wavelet coefficient, and taking the node energy as a group of fault characteristic vectors.
The relevant vector machine recognition classification optimized by the sparrow search algorithm is to select a self-contained parameter gamma in an optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function through the optimized sparrow search algorithm so as to train an optimal classification model and better classify.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a fault diagnosis method of a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine for the first time, which has the characteristics of rapid and accurate identification of different fault types under different conditions, and excellent performances such as effectiveness and superiority. The method combines wavelet packet analysis with relevant vector machines optimized by a sparrow search algorithm to construct a new building electrical system fault diagnosis framework, and compared with the traditional intelligent optimization algorithm combined with the relevant vector machines, the wavelet packet analysis theory combined and the like, the method has the advantages and provides a new idea for intelligent fault diagnosis. In a word, the invention can provide a new and more means for detecting the electrical fault in the operation process of the intelligent building for a building electrical industry practitioner, improve the discrimination and prevention capability of the building electrical industry practitioner on the accident occurring in the operation process of the intelligent building, avoid the occurrence of major accidents caused by the failure of building electrical equipment, ensure the safety of the building electrical industry practitioner and ensure the normal operation of the intelligent building.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fault diagnosis method of a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a fault diagnosis method of a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine as shown in figure 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault data;
s2: preprocessing the collected fault data by wavelet packet analysis;
s3: identifying and classifying by a relevant vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm;
the fault data acquisition and wavelet packet analysis are connected with the preprocessing of the acquired fault data and used for obtaining fault characteristic vectors;
the wavelet packet analysis is used for preprocessing the collected fault data and is connected with a relevant vector machine identification classification optimized by a sparrow search algorithm for identifying and outputting results.
The fault data acquisition comprises fault setting, line connection and connection of a sensor and a data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, resistance signals of different fault types are acquired at the same position of an experiment platform by the data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, and the fault data acquisition comprises 50 fault acquisition points of each group of data.
The pretreatment of the wavelet packet analysis on the collected fault data comprises the steps of obtaining wavelet coefficients of each frequency band by subjecting one group of data to wavelet packet analysis, obtaining node energy by subjecting the wavelet coefficients of each frequency band to a corresponding normalization process of each wavelet coefficient, and taking the node energy as a group of fault characteristic vectors.
The relevant vector machine recognition classification optimized by the sparrow search algorithm is to select a self-contained parameter gamma in an optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function through the optimized sparrow search algorithm so as to train an optimal classification model and better classify.
The method comprises the steps of fault data acquisition and wavelet packet analysis, preprocessing connection of acquired fault data is used for acquiring resistance signals of different fault types at the same position of an experiment platform, acquiring that each group of data comprises 50 fault acquisition points, one type of fault data comprises 30 groups of data, performing wavelet coefficient extraction on each group of data through wavelet packet analysis on each type of original signals, acquiring energy of each node to obtain a fault characteristic vector serving as a new fault data set, and dividing the new fault data set into a training set and a testing set according to the proportion of 80% to 20%.
The relevant vector machine recognition classification optimized by the sparrow search algorithm is characterized in that the optimized sparrow search algorithm is used for selecting a self-contained parameter gamma in the optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function so as to train an optimal classification model, and fault recognition and classification can be better carried out.
In the embodiment of the invention, the data set acquisition comprises resistance data with the sampling frequency of 256, fault data is acquired through a sensor, and every 50 data are a group of data. Wavelet packet analysis processes the acquired data set, wavelet coefficients including approximation coefficients and detail coefficients can be extracted from the signals by utilizing wavelet basis functions and scale functions and correspond to a low frequency band and a high frequency band respectively, and therefore the situation that important information possibly included in original signals due to the fact that the low frequency band is omitted is avoided. And then solving the energy of each node by the wavelet coefficient through a process of solving the norm to obtain a fault characteristic vector.
And further dividing the fault feature vector serving as a new sample data set plan into a fault 1 sample and a fault 2 sample.
And finally, relevant vector machine recognition and classification optimized by a sparrow search algorithm is realized by selecting a self-contained parameter gamma in an optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function through the optimized sparrow search algorithm so as to train an optimal classification model and better recognize and classify faults.
The fault diagnosis method for optimizing the relevant vector machine by the wavelet packet analysis and sparrow search algorithm has the advantages that faults of a building electrical system can be accurately and quickly detected under various complex environments, accurate detection under various complex environments refers to that the wavelet packet analysis theory is utilized, and the wavelet packet analysis method and the previous wavelet analysis method only aim at high frequency band analysis, so that important information described by a low frequency band on original signals can be omitted, and the problem that diagnosis results are uncertain is caused. Compared with the traditional intelligent optimization algorithm, the sparrow search algorithm has the characteristics of high convergence rate and high accuracy in the aspect of optimization problem, and can determine hyper-parameters, weight vectors and penalty factors through continuous iteration in the process of training the relevant vector machine model, so that the setting operation of excessive parameters can be eliminated, and the fault identification and classification can be more effectively and rapidly carried out. Therefore, the invention can diagnose the faults of various building electrical systems in an all-round and all-weather way.
And calculating the obtained fault characteristic vector by wavelet packet analysis through a wavelet basis function and a scale function to obtain a wavelet coefficient, wherein the wavelet coefficient comprises an approximation coefficient and a detail coefficient, and the energy of each node is obtained by utilizing a norm calculation function corresponding to a low frequency band and a high frequency band. The invention provides a method for analyzing the fault data signal through the wavelet packet to obtain the fault characteristic vector, and the problem of missing important information described by a low frequency band on the original signal is solved.
The wavelet basis functions may be selected according to the degree of similarity of the original signal waveforms. Experimental results show that the 10-order Daubechies wavelet is adopted, so that the denoising capability is better.
The decomposition layer number of the scale function is selected according to the comparison of the identification results, and the experimental result shows that when the decomposition layer number is 11, the fault classification identification precision is higher, so that the scheme of adopting 10-order Daubechies wavelet basis functions and the decomposition layer number of 11 is selected. The scheme can obtain good results in the classification model.
The obtained parameter gamma of the self-contained parameter gamma in the optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function is obtained by continuously iterating and updating the positions of the sparrows through a sparrow searching algorithm, the current optimal solution and the global optimal solution can be obtained through a fitness function, the current optimal solution corresponds to a local extreme value, the global optimal solution corresponds to a global maximum value, the comparison size of the current optimal solution obtained in the current iteration process and the global optimal solution obtained in the whole iteration process is judged, the global optimal solution is updated, and the optimal solution is output when the maximum iteration times are reached.
The fitness function adopts a root mean square error value of cross validation, K-fold cross validation is carried out by using a relevant vector machine model, then the accuracy of each cross validation is obtained, and the accuracy is converted into the root mean square error value. Wherein, the emphasis is to emphasize that the goodness of the RMS error value estimation model is an important index.
K-fold cross-validation may be performed how many times depending on the choice of K. The K is selected by comparing the identification results after multiple tests. The experimental result shows that when K is selected for 10 times, the identification result can reach 100% accuracy, so the scheme that the number of times of cross validation K is 10 is selected. The scheme can obtain a good classification model.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention provides the fault diagnosis method of the wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine for the first time, and the fault diagnosis method has the characteristics of fast and accurately identifying different fault types under different conditions, and has excellent performances such as effectiveness and superiority. The method combines wavelet packet analysis, a sparrow search algorithm and a related vector machine for the first time to construct a new building electrical system fault diagnosis framework, and compared with a traditional classification model and a traditional intelligent optimization algorithm optimized classification model, the method has the advantages and provides a new idea for intelligent fault diagnosis. In a word, the invention can provide a new and more means for detecting the building electrical fault of the intelligent building safe operation for the intelligent building industry practitioners, improve the distinguishing capability and the precaution capability of the intelligent building industry practitioners on the accident occurring in the intelligent building safe operation process, avoid the occurrence of major accidents caused by the failure of the building electrical system, ensure the safety of the intelligent building industry practitioners and ensure the safe and stable operation in the intelligent building field.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A fault diagnosis method for a wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault data;
s2: preprocessing the collected fault data by wavelet packet analysis;
s3: identifying and classifying by a relevant vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm;
the fault data acquisition and wavelet packet analysis are connected with the preprocessing of the acquired fault data and used for obtaining fault characteristic vectors;
and the wavelet packet analysis is used for carrying out identification and classification connection on the collected fault data by preprocessing and the relevant vector machine optimized by the sparrow search algorithm and used for identifying and outputting results.
2. The fault diagnosis method of the wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization relevance vector machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fault data acquisition comprises fault setting, line connection and connection of a sensor and a data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, resistance signals of different fault types are acquired at the same position of an experiment platform by the data acquisition unit Eurotest61557, and the fault data acquisition comprises 50 fault acquisition points of each group of data.
3. The fault diagnosis method of the wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization relevance vector machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pretreatment of the wavelet packet analysis on the collected fault data comprises the steps of obtaining wavelet coefficients of each frequency band by subjecting one group of data to wavelet packet analysis, obtaining node energy by subjecting the wavelet coefficients of each frequency band to a corresponding normalization process of each wavelet coefficient, and taking the node energy as a group of fault characteristic vectors.
4. The fault diagnosis method of the wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization relevance vector machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the relevant vector machine recognition classification optimized by the sparrow search algorithm is characterized in that the optimized sparrow search algorithm is used for selecting a self-contained parameter gamma in the optimal Gaussian radial basis kernel function so as to train an optimal classification model and better classify.
CN202210743966.9A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Fault diagnosis method for wavelet packet analysis and sparrow algorithm optimization correlation vector machine Pending CN114997332A (en)

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CN118194090A (en) * 2024-03-18 2024-06-14 科达(西安)自控科技有限公司 Improved VMD-based rock wall hardness identification method, system and storage medium
CN118337851A (en) * 2024-04-30 2024-07-12 深圳鸿元智通科技有限公司 Automatic device discovery method, device and storage medium

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CN111860241A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-30 国网山东省电力公司威海供电公司 Power equipment discharge fault identification method based on wavelet packet analysis
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118194090A (en) * 2024-03-18 2024-06-14 科达(西安)自控科技有限公司 Improved VMD-based rock wall hardness identification method, system and storage medium
CN118337851A (en) * 2024-04-30 2024-07-12 深圳鸿元智通科技有限公司 Automatic device discovery method, device and storage medium

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