CN114927391A - Fuse box, vehicle-mounted protection system and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a fuse box, a vehicle-mounted protection system and a vehicle, wherein the fuse box is provided with a first circuit and a second circuit; the first circuit comprises a plurality of first protection branches connected in parallel, a safety module is arranged on each first protection branch, and one end of each first protection branch is connected with a first power supply through a first power supply interface; the second circuit comprises a second power interface and a plurality of second protection branches connected in parallel, each second protection branch is provided with at least two safety modules connected in series, one end of each second protection branch is connected with a second power supply through the second power interface, and when the second protection branches are short-circuited and fused, the arc discharge voltage of the second power supply and a second electrical appliance on the second protection branch for realizing arc discharge connection exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply; the output voltage of the first power supply is lower than that of the second power supply, so that the development cost of fuse boxes of different voltage systems in the vehicle can be reduced, and the development cost of the vehicle is further reduced.

Description

Fuse box, vehicle-mounted protection system and vehicle

Technical Field

This paper belongs to vehicle technical field, concretely relates to fuse box, on-vehicle protection system and vehicle.

Background

Along with the development of automobiles, 48V weak hybrid systems are applied to passenger cars and commercial cars more and more widely, the number of 48V vehicle-mounted electric appliances is more and more, in order to match the electric appliances of 48V systems, a 48V fuse box is needed for a power supply loop, and because the 48V system fuse box is different from a 12V/24V system fuse box in structure, the fuse box needs to be re-developed in order to provide the 48V system fuse box suitable for automobiles, i.e., a box body needs to be greatly modified relative to the existing 12V/24V system fuse box, such as an injection mold is changed, and the development cost of the fuse box is increased, so that the cost of the fuse box in an automobile is reduced, and the reduction of the development cost of the automobile becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a fuse box, a vehicle-mounted protection system, and a vehicle, which can reduce the development cost of the fuse box of different voltage systems in the vehicle, and further reduce the development cost of the vehicle.

In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, a fuse block is provided herein, the fuse block comprising a housing and a protection circuit;

the protection circuit is arranged inside the shell and comprises a first circuit and a second circuit;

the first circuit comprises a first power interface and a plurality of first protection branches, each first protection branch is provided with a safety module, one end of each first protection branch is connected with a first power supply through the first power interface, and the other end of each first protection branch is connected with a first electric appliance;

the second circuit comprises a second power interface and a plurality of second protection branches, each second protection branch is provided with at least two safety modules connected in series, one end of each second protection branch is connected with a second power supply through the second power interface, the other end of each second protection branch is connected with a second electrical appliance, and when the second protection branch is fused due to a short circuit, the arc discharge voltage of the second power supply and the second electrical appliance on the second protection branch for realizing arc discharge connection exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply;

the output voltage of the first power supply is lower than the output voltage of the second power supply.

Further, a plurality of first protection branches in the first circuit are connected in parallel; a plurality of second protection branches in the second circuit are connected in parallel.

Further, the safety module comprises a connecting terminal and a fuse link, wherein the fuse link is connected to the connecting terminal;

at least two safety modules arranged side by side are arranged in each second protection branch, and connecting terminals in two adjacent safety modules are connected through copper foils.

Furthermore, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are arranged on the connecting terminal, one end of the fuse link is connected with the positive terminal, and the other end of the fuse link is connected with the negative terminal;

the arrangement direction of at least two safety modules on each second protection branch is perpendicular to the connecting direction of the positive end and the negative end in the connecting terminal, so that the current circulation paths in the at least two safety modules are in a zigzag shape.

Further, the arrangement direction of at least two safety modules on each second protection branch is consistent with the connection direction of the positive end and the negative end in the connection terminal, so that the current circulation paths in the at least two safety modules are straight lines.

Furthermore, each first protection branch also has a plurality of first protection sub-branches connected in parallel, and each first protection sub-branch is provided with at least one insurance module.

Furthermore, each second protection branch is provided with two serially arranged safety modules.

Further, the sum of the distances between the positive terminals and the negative terminals in the connection terminals of all the safety modules on each second protection branch is not less than a specified distance.

Further, the fuse is a mini fuse and/or a slow fuse.

Furthermore, an electrical appliance interface is arranged on the shell and comprises a first electrical appliance interface and a second electrical appliance interface;

each first protection branch corresponds to a first electric appliance interface which is used for connecting a first electric appliance;

each second protection branch corresponds to a second electrical appliance interface, and the second electrical appliance interface is used for connecting a second electrical appliance.

Further, the output voltage of the first power supply is 12V or 32V;

the output voltage of the second power supply is 48V.

Further, the fuse box further comprises an electric control device;

the electric control device is arranged on a connecting line of the first circuit and/or the second circuit, and the electric control device is connected with an external controller and used for controlling the on-off of the first circuit and/or the second circuit.

Further, the electric control device comprises a relay and/or an MCU.

Further, the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are connected in a clamping mode, an accommodating space is formed between the first shell and the second shell, and the protection circuit is arranged in the accommodating space.

On the other hand, the vehicle-mounted protection system comprises a power supply end, a control end, an electrical appliance and the fuse box;

the power supply terminals include a first power supply terminal having a first output voltage and a second power supply terminal having a second output voltage; the electric appliances comprise a first electric appliance and a second electric appliance;

the first power supply end is connected with a first circuit of the fuse box and used for outputting a first output voltage to the first circuit; the second power supply end is connected with a second circuit of the fuse box and used for outputting a second output voltage to the second circuit;

the first electric appliance is connected with the first circuit, and the second electric appliance is connected with the second circuit;

the control end is connected with an electric control device in the fuse box and is used for controlling the on-off of the first circuit and/or the second circuit in the fuse box.

Finally, a vehicle is also provided herein, the vehicle including the fuse box described above.

By adopting the technical scheme, the fuse box, the vehicle-mounted protection system and the vehicle are characterized in that the fuse box comprises a shell and a protection circuit, the protection circuit is arranged in the shell and comprises a first circuit and a second circuit, the first circuit is used for providing a safety circuit for a first electric appliance, the second circuit is used for providing a safety circuit for a second electric appliance, the first electric appliance and the second electric appliance are suitable for power supplies with different output voltages, the first circuit comprises a plurality of first protection branches connected in parallel, each first protection branch is provided with a safety module, the second circuit comprises a second power interface and a plurality of second protection branches connected in parallel, each second protection branch is provided with at least two safety modules connected in series, and when the second protection branches are fused due to short circuit, the second power supply and the second electrical appliance on the second protection branch circuit achieve that the arc discharge voltage of arc discharge connection exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply, the safety circuit of the power supply system meeting low voltage and high voltage can be provided, the development cost of fuse boxes of different voltage systems in the vehicle can be reduced, and the development cost of the vehicle is further reduced.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a fuse box provided by embodiments herein;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a protection circuit in an embodiment herein;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the fuse block in the embodiments herein;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a series configuration of fuse modules in an embodiment herein;

FIG. 5 shows a second circuit schematic in embodiments herein;

fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an electrical appliance interface in the embodiment.

Description of the symbols of the drawings:

10. a housing;

11. a first electrical interface;

12. a second electrical interface;

20. a protection circuit;

21. a first circuit;

22. a first power interface;

23. a second circuit;

24. a second power interface;

25. an insurance module;

26. copper foil;

30. a first power supply;

40. a second power supply;

50. a first electrical appliance;

60. a second appliance;

211. a first protection branch;

231. a second protection branch;

251. a connection terminal;

252. a fuse;

251a, a positive terminal;

251b, negative terminal.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims herein and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments herein described are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.

In the prior art, because a 48V weak hybrid system in a vehicle is widely applied, there is a great need for a 48V fuse box configured in a power supply circuit of the 48V system, and because the 48V system fuse box is structurally different from a 12V/24V system fuse box, in order to provide a 48V system fuse box suitable for a vehicle, the fuse box needs to be redeveloped, that is, a box body needs to be greatly modified, such as an injection mold and the like, compared with the existing 12V/24V system fuse box, so that the development cost of the fuse box is increased, and therefore, how to reduce the cost of the fuse box in a new energy vehicle becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present specification provide a fuse block, which can satisfy the safety requirements of both a 12V power supply system and a 48V power supply system, thereby reducing the development cost of the fuse block. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the fuse box may include a housing 10 and a protection circuit 20;

the protection circuit 20 is disposed inside the housing 10, and the protection circuit 20 includes a first circuit 21 and a second circuit 23;

the first circuit 21 comprises a first power interface 22 and a plurality of first protection branches 211 connected in parallel, each first protection branch 211 is provided with a safety module 25, one end of each first protection branch 211 is connected with the first power supply 30 through the first power interface 22, and the other end of each first protection branch 211 is connected with the first electric appliance 50;

the second circuit 23 includes a second power interface 24 and a plurality of second protection branches 231 connected in parallel, each second protection branch 231 is provided with at least two safety modules 25 connected in series, one end of the second protection branch 231 is connected to the second power supply 40 through the second power interface 24, the other end of the second protection branch 231 is connected to the second electrical appliance 60, and when the second protection branch 231 is short-circuited and fused, the arc discharge voltage of the second power supply 40 and the second electrical appliance 60 on the second protection branch 231, which realizes arc discharge connection, exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply 40;

the output voltage of the first power supply 30 is lower than the output voltage of the second power supply 40.

It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 3, for the schematic diagram of the operational connection of the fuse box, in the embodiment of the present specification, two independent fuse circuits are provided in the fuse box, that is, the protection circuit 20 is provided as the first circuit 21 and the second circuit 23, where the first circuit 21 provides the fuse for the power supply circuit of the first power source 30, and the second circuit 23 provides the fuse for the power supply circuit of the second power source 40, and since the first power source 30 and the second power source 40 have different output voltages and accordingly different applicable voltages for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances are different, the first electrical appliance 50 and the second electrical appliance 60 can be divided, where the operating voltage of the first electrical appliance 50 is consistent with the output voltage of the first power source 30, the operating voltage of the second electrical appliance 60 is consistent with the output voltage of the second power source 40, and at least two fuse modules 25 connected in series are provided in each second protection branch 231 of the second circuit 23 in the second power source 40 at the same time, and the second electrical appliance 40 outputs a higher voltage at the same time Therefore, the arc discharge voltage between the two fuse modules 25 at the head and the tail of each second protection branch 231 exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply 40, the arc discharge phenomenon of the power supply circuit of the second power supply 40 when short-circuit fusing occurs is avoided, the reliability of fusing of the second circuit 23 is ensured, the capacity of the fuse box suitable for different power supply systems is improved, and the development cost of the fuse box for different power supply systems is reduced.

At least two safety modules 25 are arranged on each second protection branch 231, when the power supply circuit corresponding to the second protection branch 231 is short-circuited, the safety modules 25 on the second protection branch 231 are short-circuited and fused, so that a plurality of break points are formed, in order to realize the arc discharge communication of the power supply circuit, two break points in each safety module 25 in the second protection branch 231 need to be connected, and compared with the arrangement of a single safety module 25, the arrangement of the plurality of safety modules 25 increases the arc discharge distance (that is, the distance between the two break points with the farthest distance in the plurality of safety modules 25 is the arc discharge distance), so that the arc discharge connection of the power supply circuit can be realized only by using a higher arc discharge voltage, and therefore, when the arc discharge voltage for realizing the arc discharge connection of the plurality of safety modules 25 is set to be greater than the output voltage of the second power supply 40, the arc discharge connection cannot be realized in the power supply system of the second power supply 40, thereby ensuring the reliability of the second protection branch 231 in the fuse box.

It should be noted that the fusing characteristics of each fuse module 25 in the fuse box are the same or similar, that is, short-circuit fusing occurs at a specified fusing current value, so as to protect the electrical equipment.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first circuit 21 and the second circuit 23 may be disposed in the same circuit board, so as to improve utilization efficiency and integration of the circuit board, further improve space utilization efficiency of the whole fuse box, and further effectively reduce the volume of the fuse box.

The first power interface 22 may be a 12V stub and the second power interface 24 may be a 48V stub, and accordingly the first power supply 30 may be a 12V or 32V power supply and the second power supply 40 may be a 48V stub.

In the embodiment of the present specification, by providing a plurality of first protection branches 211, each first protection branch 211 can be connected to a first electrical appliance 50, so that a plurality of different first electrical appliances 50 can be fused by one fuse box, and correspondingly, a plurality of second protection branches 231 can be provided to provide a plurality of different second electrical appliances 60 with fused fuses by one fuse box, thereby improving the reliability of the operation of the fuse box and increasing the utilization efficiency thereof.

In the embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 4, the safety module 25 includes a connection terminal 251 and a fuse 252, and the fuse 252 is connected to the connection terminal 251;

at least two safety modules 25 arranged side by side are arranged in each second protection branch 231, and the connecting terminals 251 in two adjacent safety modules 25 are connected through copper foil 26.

It can be understood that, since the first circuit 21 or the second circuit 23 in the fuse box may not be fully utilized (i.e. may not work all), by setting the fuse module 25 as the independent connection terminal 251 and the fuse element 252, the fuse element 252 may be set on the circuit that needs to be connected according to actual needs, thereby ensuring complete isolation of other circuits that do not need work, and ensuring the working effect of the fuse box, wherein the connection terminal 251 may be a connection port of the completely insulated fuse element 252, when the fuse element 252 is not set on the connection terminal 251, both ends of the connection terminal 251 are completely insulated, that is, the first protection branch 211 or the second protection branch 231 where the fuse module 25 corresponding to the connection terminal 251 is located is in the open circuit state, and when the fuse element 252 is set on the connection terminal 251, both ends of the connection terminal 251 are in circuit connection.

The fuse 252 may be a mini fuse and/or a slow fuse.

It should be noted that the fuse elements 252 in the same second protection branch 231 are of the same type, so as to ensure that they can be opened simultaneously when short-circuit fusing occurs. In addition, the types of the fuse elements 252 corresponding to different electrical appliances may be different, and different short-circuit protection circuits may be configured for different electrical appliances according to actual needs.

In the embodiment described herein, with continued reference to fig. 4, the connection terminal 251 is provided with a positive terminal 251a and a negative terminal 251b, one end of the fuse 252 is connected to the positive terminal 251a, and the other end of the fuse 252 is connected to the negative terminal 251 b.

The arrangement direction of the two safety modules 25 in the second protection branch 231 is perpendicular to the connection direction of the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b of the connection terminal 251, for example, a current flows in from the positive terminal 251a of the right safety module 25, flows through the fuse 252 of the right safety module 25 and then flows through the negative terminal 251b of the right safety module 25, the current flows in the positive terminal 251a of the left safety module 25 through the copper foil 26 connected between the two safety modules, and the current flows through the fuse 252 of the left safety module 25 and then is output at the negative terminal 251b of the left safety module 25, so that the current flow path in the connection terminal 251 of the two safety modules 25 is zigzag.

Since the different connection terminals 251 are insulated from each other, the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b are disposed in the connection terminals 251, the fuse 252 may be disposed on the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b of the connection terminals 251, and the flowing direction of the current in the connection terminals 251 is defined, herein, the safety modules 25 in the second protection branch 231 may be arranged side by side, for example, in a horizontal direction, which is equivalent to the horizontal direction of the connection terminals 251 in the safety modules 25, and at the same time, the communication direction of the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b in each connection terminal 251 is a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction, so that the current flows according to a zigzag path when flowing through different fuses in each second protection branch 231, thereby making the arrangement between the safety modules 25 tighter, and further reducing the occupied space of each second protection branch 231, the volume of the whole fuse box is reduced, the convenience is improved, and optionally, the zigzag shape can be a snake shape, a bow shape and the like, and the specific zigzag shape is not limited in the embodiments of the present specification.

Through the broken line-shaped arrangement of the current circulation path, at least two fuse elements 252 can be arranged in a smaller space, the fusing characteristics of each fuse element 252 are the same, because the fuse elements are series circuits, the power supply circuits corresponding to the at least two fuse elements 252 are fused at the same time due to a short circuit, after the short circuit, at least two break points are arranged in the power supply circuits, and the arc discharge voltage of the distance between the two furthest break points exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply 40, the arc discharge cannot be realized, the arc discharge voltage can be the minimum voltage for realizing the arc discharge connection (namely the arc discharge circuit is communicated) between the two break points, and therefore, the possibility of secondary arc discharge connection of the power supply circuits cannot be realized, so that the loop short circuit protection function can be met through the broken line-shaped circulation arrangement of the current, and the volume of a fuse box can be further reduced.

It should be noted that the positions of the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b of the connection terminal 251 in two adjacent fuse modules 25 on the same second protection branch 231 need to be set in opposite directions, so that the current flows through two adjacent fuses in opposite directions, and a zigzag-shaped current path of the current is further implemented, thereby improving the arrangement efficiency of the connection terminals 251 in the fuse box and the efficiency of copper plating, making the circuit board in the fuse box more concise and neat, and facilitating the subsequent configuration of the fuse 252.

In some other embodiments, the arrangement direction of the safety modules 25 on the second protection branch 231 coincides with the connection direction of the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b in the connection terminal 251, so that the current flow path in the connection terminal 251 is a straight line. For example, the safety modules 25 in each second protection branch 231 are arranged in a horizontal direction, the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b in each connection terminal 251 are also in a horizontal direction, and the current flowing direction from the positive terminal 251a to the negative terminal 251b in each connection terminal 251 is consistent, so that the current flows through all the fuse elements 252 in each second protection branch 231 in a linear direction, and the arrangement regularity of the safety modules 25 is ensured.

Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 5, in a schematic diagram of the second circuit 23, the second power source 40 is a 48V power source, two safety modules 25 are provided for each second protection branch 231, the load is the second electrical apparatus 60, the safety modules 25 in the same second protection branch 231 are the same, so that the fusing characteristics are the same, because of being a series circuit, when the power supply circuit corresponding to the second protection branch 231 is short-circuited, the current suddenly increases to cause the fuse elements 252 in the two safety modules 25 in the second protection branch 231 to be heated and fused, at this time, four break points, i.e. A, B, C and D, occur, the loop between the break points B and D is in a broken state, the break points a and D are far away (the distance is the sum of the circuit connection distance, such as the distance a to B and the distance C to D), the arc discharge cannot be performed under the effect of 48V voltage, so that the power supply circuit after short-circuit is not possible to be reconnected through the arc discharge, therefore, the serially connected fuse modules 25 can satisfy the 48V short-circuit protection function.

In some other embodiments, the connection terminals 251 in different second fuse branches in each fuse box may have different arrangements, and the number of the second fuse branches may also be set according to practical situations, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present specification.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, each first protection branch 211 further has a plurality of first protection sub-branches (not shown) connected in parallel, and each first protection sub-branch is provided with at least one safety module 25.

Through set up a plurality of parallel connection's first protection subcircuits at first protection branch 211 for all can connect first electrical apparatus 50 on every first protection subcircuit, thereby improved every first protection branch 211 short circuit protection electrical apparatus's quantity, improved fuse box's application scope. Further, a safety module 25 is arranged in each first protection sub-branch, and since the power supply of the first protection sub-branch is a first power supply 30 and belongs to a low-voltage category (for example, 12V), when a short circuit occurs, a single safety module 25 is fused in a short circuit, and the output voltage of the first power supply 30 cannot realize arc discharge, so that the single safety module 25 can also realize the short-circuit protection function of the first power supply 30.

It should be noted that when the fuse 252 of the connection terminal 251 in the safety module 25 is opened, the arc discharge voltage of the single connection terminal 251 may be greater than the output voltage of the first power supply 30.

In the present embodiment, each second protection branch 231 is provided with two serially arranged safety modules 25. That is, the two serially connected safety modules 25 are disposed in each second protection branch 231, so as to avoid the arc discharge phenomenon occurring under the output voltage of the second power source 40, and optionally, the sum of the distances between the positive terminals 251a and the negative terminals 251b in the connection terminals 251 of all the safety modules 25 in each second protection branch 231 is not less than a specified distance, where the specified distance may be a distance at which the arc discharge connection cannot be realized when the second protection branch 231 is short-circuited and blown. For example, when any one of the second protection branches 231 is short-circuited and fused, the sum of the distances between the positive terminal 251a and the negative terminal 251b of the connection terminals 251 of all the safety modules 25 in the second protection branch 231 is M, and the maximum distance capable of achieving arc discharge connection under the action of the output voltage of the second power source 40 is N, and as long as M is greater than N, it can be ensured that arc discharge connection cannot be achieved even when the second protection branch 231 is short-circuited and fused in the power supply system of the second power source 40, so that the reliability and stability of the short-circuit protection function of the second protection branch 231 can be improved.

In some other embodiments, the insulation distance between two adjacent fuse modules 25 needs to be maintained, that is, the insulation distance between two adjacent connection terminals 251, especially the connection terminals 251 in two adjacent fuse modules 25 on the same second protection branch 231 needs to be maintained, so that when a short circuit occurs, the two connection terminals 251 are too close to each other, and a connection phenomenon such as arc discharge occurs between the positive terminal 251a of the connection terminal 251 on the power supply side and the negative terminal 251b of the connection terminal 251 on the second electrical appliance 60 side, and therefore, in order to improve the independence of operation between different circuits in the whole fuse box, a preset distance should be maintained between any two fuse modules 25, and it is further noted that the distance between two adjacent fuse modules 25 on each second protection branch 231 is not less than the preset distance. The minimum preset distance may be a safe distance between two adjacent safety modules 25 that are insulated by the output voltage of the second power source 40, and the specific value of the preset distance is not limited in the embodiments of the present specification.

In the embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 6, an electrical appliance interface is arranged on a housing 10, and the electrical appliance interface includes a first electrical appliance interface 11 and a second electrical appliance interface 12;

each first protection branch 211 corresponds to one first electrical appliance interface 11, and the first electrical appliance interface 11 is used for connecting a first electrical appliance 50;

each second protection branch 231 corresponds to one second electrical appliance interface 12, and the second electrical appliance interfaces 12 are used for connecting second electrical appliances 60.

It can be understood that, can set up the interface of being connected with external electrical apparatus on shell 10, because fuse box inside is equipped with two sets of supply circuit, consequently can set up the electrical apparatus interface of two kinds of different grade types on shell 10, be first electrical apparatus interface 11 and second electrical apparatus interface 12 respectively, the electrical apparatus of first electrical apparatus interface 11 connection passes through first power 30 power supply, the electrical apparatus of second electrical apparatus interface 12 connection passes through second power 40 power supply, thereby the misuse of electrical apparatus interface has been avoided, and then the electrical apparatus of protection, accuracy and convenience that fuse box used have been improved.

In some other embodiments, in order to improve the sealed effect of fuse box, avoid outside dust to enter into inside the fuse box, influence its job stabilization nature, can also set up the sealing plug on using electrical apparatus interface, the sealing plug with use electrical apparatus interface to matching, thereby can avoid outside dust to pass through and enter into inside the fuse box with electrical apparatus interface, when needs are connected with electrical apparatus, as long as with the sealing plug in the electrical apparatus interface that needs to use pull out can, further, the sealing plug can also be connected on shell 10, the loss of sealing plug after having avoided pulling out the sealing plug has improved the use experience of fuse box.

In some other embodiments, the housing 10 includes a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are connected in a clamping manner, and an accommodating space is formed between the first shell and the second shell, and the protection circuit 20 is disposed in the accommodating space. Furthermore, the first shell can be a top shell, the second shell can be a bottom shell, and the circuit board (or the circuit board) where the protection circuit 20 is located is fixed on the bottom shell, so that the circuit board is prevented from shaking inside the shell 10, the fuse box is convenient to disassemble and assemble through clamping connection, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

In the embodiments of the present specification, the fuse box further includes an electric control device;

the electric control device is arranged on a connecting line of the first circuit 21 and/or the second circuit 23, and the electric control device is connected with an external controller and is used for controlling the power on and off of the first circuit 21 and/or the second circuit 23.

It can be understood that, according to actual conditions, an electric control device may be disposed on a power supply loop of a part or all of the electrical appliances, so as to achieve communication of the power supply circuit and improve accuracy and reliability of power supply, for example, the electric control device may be disposed on the first protection branch 211 or the second protection branch 231, and the electric control device may be connected to an external controller through a control line, so as to receive a control instruction of the external controller.

The electric control device comprises a relay and/or an MCU.

The fuse box provided by the embodiment of the specification can provide short-circuit fuse circuits of different power supply systems at the same time, and at least two fuse modules 25 connected in series are arranged on the second fuse branch, and the arc discharge voltage between the two fuse modules 25 at the head and the tail of each second protection branch 231 exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply 40, so that the short-circuit protection function of higher voltage is met, the development cost of the fuse box of different voltage systems in a vehicle can be reduced, and the development cost of the vehicle is further reduced.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the specification further provides a vehicle-mounted protection system, which comprises a power supply end, a control end, an electrical appliance and the fuse box;

the power supply terminals include a first power supply 30 terminal having a first output voltage and a second power supply 40 terminal having a second output voltage; the electric appliances comprise a first electric appliance 50 and a second electric appliance 60;

the first power supply 30 end is connected with the first circuit 21 of the fuse box and is used for outputting a first output voltage to the first circuit 21; the second power supply 40 end is connected with the second circuit 23 of the fuse box and is used for outputting a second output voltage to the second circuit 23;

the first electrical appliance 50 is connected with the first circuit 21, and the second electrical appliance 60 is connected with the second circuit 23;

the control terminal is connected with an electric control device in the fuse box and is used for controlling the power on and off of the first circuit 21 and/or the second circuit 23 in the fuse box.

In actual operation, the operating circuit in the protection circuit 20 of the fuse box may be determined according to the number of the electrical appliances, for example, when it is determined that there are two first electrical appliances 50 and three second electrical appliances 60, two first protection branches 211 and three second protection branches 231 may be determined, and then corresponding fuses 252 are inserted into connection terminals 251 of the corresponding circuits, so that the fuse box satisfies the short-circuit protection function of the above five electrical appliances, and then each electrical appliance is connected to a corresponding electrical appliance port, and the two power interfaces of the fuse box are connected to corresponding power supplies.

Based on the same inventive concept, the specification further provides a vehicle comprising the fuse box provided above.

In further embodiments, the vehicle may be an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or the like.

It should also be understood that, in the embodiments herein, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relation describing an associated object, meaning that three kinds of relations may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

The principles and embodiments of the present disclosure are explained in detail by using specific embodiments, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method and its core idea; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of this document, there may be changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope, in summary, this description should not be understood as the limitation of this document.

Claims (16)

1. A fuse block comprising a housing and a protection circuit;

the protection circuit is arranged inside the shell and comprises a first circuit and a second circuit;

the first circuit comprises a first power interface and a plurality of first protection branches, each first protection branch is provided with a safety module, one end of each first protection branch is connected with a first power supply through the first power interface, and the other end of each first protection branch is connected with a first electric appliance;

the second circuit comprises a second power interface and a plurality of second protection branches, each second protection branch is provided with at least two safety modules connected in series, one end of each second protection branch is connected with a second power supply through the second power interface, the other end of each second protection branch is connected with a second electrical appliance, and when the second protection branch is fused due to a short circuit, the arc discharge voltage of the second power supply and the second electrical appliance on the second protection branch for realizing arc discharge connection exceeds the output voltage of the second power supply;

the output voltage of the first power supply is lower than the output voltage of the second power supply.

2. The fuse block of claim 1, wherein a plurality of first protection branches in the first circuit are connected in parallel; a plurality of second protection branches in the second circuit are connected in parallel.

3. The fuse block of claim 2, wherein the fuse module includes a connection terminal and a fuse link connected to the connection terminal;

at least two safety modules arranged side by side are arranged in each second protection branch, and connecting terminals in two adjacent safety modules are connected through copper foils.

4. A fuse block according to claim 3 wherein said connecting terminals are provided with a positive terminal and a negative terminal, one end of said fuse link being connected to said positive terminal and the other end of said fuse link being connected to said negative terminal;

the arrangement direction of the at least two safety modules on each second protection branch is perpendicular to the connecting direction of the positive end and the negative end in the connecting terminal, so that the current circulation paths in the at least two safety modules are in a zigzag shape.

5. The fuse block according to claim 4, wherein the at least two fuse modules of each of the second protection branches are arranged in a direction corresponding to a direction of a line connecting the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the connection terminal, so that current flow paths of the at least two fuse modules are straight.

6. The fuse block according to claim 4, wherein a sum of distances between positive and negative terminals among the connection terminals of all the fuse modules on each of the second protection branches is not less than a specified distance.

7. A fuse block as claimed in claim 2, wherein each first protection branch further comprises a plurality of parallel-connected first protection sub-branches, and wherein at least one fuse module is provided on each first protection sub-branch.

8. A fuse block according to claim 2, characterised in that each of the second protection branches is provided with two fuse modules arranged in series.

9. A fuse block in accordance with claim 3 wherein the fuse link is a mini fuse and/or a slow fuse.

10. The fuse box according to claim 2, wherein the housing is provided with electrical appliance interfaces, and the electrical appliance interfaces comprise a first electrical appliance interface and a second electrical appliance interface;

each first protection branch corresponds to a first electric appliance interface which is used for connecting a first electric appliance;

each second protection branch corresponds to a second electrical appliance interface, and the second electrical appliance interface is used for connecting a second electrical appliance.

11. The fuse box of claim 2,

the output voltage of the first power supply is 12V or 32V;

the output voltage of the second power supply is 48V.

12. The fuse box of claim 2, further comprising an electrical control device;

the electric control device is arranged on a connecting line of the first circuit and/or the second circuit, and the electric control device is connected with an external controller and used for controlling the power on and power off of the first circuit and/or the second circuit.

13. A fuse block according to claim 12, characterised in that the electrical control means comprise a relay and/or an MCU.

14. The fuse block of claim 2, wherein the housing comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are connected in a clamping manner, an accommodating space is formed between the first shell and the second shell, and the protection circuit is arranged in the accommodating space.

15. A vehicle-mounted protection system, characterized in that the system comprises a power supply terminal, a control terminal, an electrical appliance and a fuse box according to any one of claims 1 to 14;

the power supply terminals include a first power supply terminal having a first output voltage and a second power supply terminal having a second output voltage; the electrical appliances comprise a first electrical appliance and a second electrical appliance;

the first power supply end is connected with a first circuit of the fuse box and used for outputting a first output voltage to the first circuit; the second power supply end is connected with a second circuit of the fuse box and used for outputting a second output voltage to the second circuit;

the first electric appliance is connected with the first circuit, and the second electric appliance is connected with the second circuit;

the control end is connected with an electric control device in the fuse box and is used for controlling the on-off of the first circuit and/or the second circuit in the fuse box.

16. A vehicle characterized in that the vehicle includes the fuse box of any one of claims 1 to 14.

Images