CN114873678B - Combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization - Google Patents
Combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN114873678B CN114873678B CN202210617574.8A CN202210617574A CN114873678B CN 114873678 B CN114873678 B CN 114873678B CN 202210617574 A CN202210617574 A CN 202210617574A CN 114873678 B CN114873678 B CN 114873678B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The utility model provides a combined type water treatment system based on near field heat photovoltaic waste heat utilization, to the problem that there is inefficiency in the technique of retrieving the waste heat and carrying out water treatment among the prior art, this application combines together through technologies such as near field heat photovoltaic, radiation refrigeration, solar energy distillation, multistage flash distillation, has reached the purpose that photovoltaic cell dispels the heat and acquire the water resource simultaneously, has practical value, and the pending water in this application has dual function in the circulation process: the photovoltaic battery is cooled, so that the battery can be maintained at a normal working temperature; and the waste heat generated by the near-field thermophotovoltaic system is absorbed, and purified water is obtained through the flash evaporation device, so that secondary utilization of energy is realized. The application utilizes solar energy to further improve the produced purified water amount; the liquid flow direction of this application is simple, and the pipeline sets up the convenience, and the actual installation of the equipment of being convenient for is efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization.
Background
The near-field thermo-photovoltaic technology is an energy utilization technology which converts radiation energy emitted by a radiator into electric energy through a photovoltaic cell, and the near-field thermo-photovoltaic technology breaks through the limitation of Stefan-Boltzmann law by reducing the distance between a radiation source and a cell below a characteristic wavelength on the basis of the near-field thermo-photovoltaic technology, thereby greatly improving the system efficiency. However, since the temperature of the radiation source of the near-field thermal photovoltaic system is more than 1000K, the photovoltaic cell faces huge heat dissipation pressure, which severely limits the practical application of the technology.
The existing technology for recycling waste heat to perform water treatment has the problems of low overall efficiency, high operation cost, complex equipment structure and the like, and limits the development and application of the existing technology in actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the problem of low efficiency of the technology for recycling waste heat to perform water treatment in the prior art, a combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
a combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization comprises: the system comprises a selective radiator 1, a photovoltaic cell panel 2, a cooling heat exchanger 3, a controllable water pump 4, an initial water pool 5, a concentrated water pool 6, a radiation refrigeration cavity 17, a purified water collecting channel 11, a condensing plate 8, a flash evaporation chamber and an evaporation chamber;
the evaporation chamber is internally provided with a solar interface evaporator 13 and a first water collecting tank 10;
a conical condenser 15 and a second water collecting tank 14 are arranged in the flash evaporation chamber;
the flash evaporation chamber is arranged below the evaporation chamber;
the selective radiator 1 absorbs the energy transferred by the heat source and then releases the radiation with the energy higher than the forbidden band width of the photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic cell panel 2 receives the radiation of the selective radiator 1 and converts the radiation into electric energy;
the cooling heat exchanger 3 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell panel 2;
under the action of the controllable water pump 4, one path of water to be treated in the initial water pool 5 is cooled by the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 and then enters the cooling heat exchanger 3, the water passing through the cooling heat exchanger 3 enters the flash evaporation chamber for flash evaporation, steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser 15 and drops into the second water collecting tank 14, the water dropping into the second water collecting tank 14 flows into the purified water pool 18 through the purified water collecting channel 11, and when the steam is condensed on the conical condenser 15, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted to the evaporation chamber above through the conical condenser 15;
the other path of the water enters an evaporation chamber, a first flow control valve 7 is arranged between the initial water tank 5 and the evaporation chamber, when the liquid level in the evaporation chamber reaches a solar interface evaporator 13, the solar interface evaporator 13 converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate 8 and is dripped into a first water collecting tank 10, and the water dripped into the first water collecting tank 10 flows into a purified water tank 18 through a purified water collecting channel 11;
and the concentrated solution remained after evaporation in the flash evaporation chamber and the evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank 6 through a water pump.
Further, the number of the flash chambers is three, and the flash chambers comprise a primary flash chamber, a secondary flash chamber and a tertiary flash chamber, and the flash chambers are communicated through a second flow control valve 21;
the number of the evaporation chambers is three, the three evaporation chambers comprise a primary evaporation chamber, a secondary evaporation chamber and a tertiary evaporation chamber, and the evaporation chambers are communicated through a first flow control valve 7;
three radiation refrigeration cavities 17 are arranged;
under the action of a controllable water pump 4, one path of water to be treated in the initial water pool 5 sequentially passes through three radiation refrigeration cavities 17 to be cooled and then enters a cooling heat exchanger 3, the water passing through the cooling heat exchanger 3 enters a primary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, steam is condensed into water on a conical condenser 15 in the primary flash chamber and drips into a second water collecting tank 14 in the primary flash chamber, the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the primary flash chamber flows into a secondary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, the steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser 15 in the secondary flash chamber and drips into the second water collecting tank 14 in the secondary flash chamber, the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the secondary flash chamber flows into a tertiary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, the steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser 15 in the tertiary flash chamber and drips into the second water collecting tank 14 in the tertiary flash chamber, and the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the tertiary flash chamber flows into a concentrated water pool 6;
when steam is condensed on the conical condenser 15 in the primary flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted into the primary evaporation chamber through the conical condenser 15 in the primary flash chamber;
when steam is condensed on the conical condenser 15 in the secondary flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted into the secondary evaporation chamber through the conical condenser 15 in the secondary flash chamber;
when steam is condensed on the conical condenser 15 in the third-stage flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted into the third-stage evaporation chamber through the conical condenser 15 in the third-stage flash chamber;
the other path of the liquid enters a primary evaporation chamber, a secondary evaporation chamber and a tertiary evaporation chamber in sequence;
when the liquid level in the first-stage evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator 13 in the first-stage evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator 13 in the first-stage evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on the condensation plate 8 in the first-stage evaporation chamber and drops into the first water collecting tank 10 in the first-stage evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated solution after evaporation in the first-stage evaporation chamber flows into the concentrated water tank 6;
when the liquid level in the secondary evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator 13 in the primary evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator 13 in the secondary evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on the condensation plate 8 in the secondary evaporation chamber and drops into the first water collection tank 10 in the secondary evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated solution after evaporation in the secondary evaporation chamber flows into the concentrated water tank 6;
when the liquid level in the third-stage evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator 13 in the first-stage evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator 13 in the third-stage evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on the condensation plate 8 in the third-stage evaporation chamber and drops into the first water collecting tank 10 in the third-stage evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated solution after evaporation in the third-stage evaporation chamber flows into the concentrated water tank 6.
Furthermore, radiation refrigeration plates 9 are arranged on two sides of the condensation plate 8.
Further, the water to be treated in the initial water tank 5 is filtered by impurities and added with a scale inhibitor.
Further, a sliding groove 12 is arranged in the evaporation chamber, and the sliding groove 12 is used for adjusting the position of the solar interface evaporator 13.
Further, the system further comprises a detection sensor 20, the detection sensor 20 is disposed below the sliding groove 12, the detection sensor 20 is configured to detect a position of the solar interface evaporator 13, when the position of the solar interface evaporator 13 is at the lowest of the sliding groove 12, the controllable water pump 4 and the first flow control valve 7 are turned on, and when the position of the solar interface evaporator 13 is at the highest of the sliding groove 12, the controllable water pump 4 and the first flow control valve 7 are turned off.
Furthermore, the purified water collecting channel (11) is respectively connected with the first water collecting tank (14) and the second water collecting tank (10) through two water collecting inclined ladders (19).
Further, radiation refrigeration materials are attached around the condensation plate 8.
Further, the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 is a reflection-type radiation refrigeration cavity, and the inner side of the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 is coated with a hydrophobic coating.
Furthermore, the number of the radiation refrigeration cavities 17 is 6, water to be treated in the initial pool 5 enters the cooling heat exchanger 3 through 2 pipelines in one path under the action of the controllable water pump 4, three radiation refrigeration cavities 17 are arranged on each pipeline, and the radiation refrigeration cavities 17 on the 2 pipelines are communicated in pairs through the communication pipelines 16.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
this application combines together through technologies such as near field thermal photovoltaic, radiation refrigeration, solar energy distillation, multistage flash distillation, has reached the purpose that photovoltaic cell dispels the heat and acquire the water resource simultaneously, has practical value, and pending water in this application has dual function in the circulation process: the photovoltaic battery is cooled, so that the battery can be maintained at a normal working temperature; and the waste heat generated by the near-field thermophotovoltaic system is absorbed, and purified water is obtained through the flash evaporation device, so that secondary utilization of energy is realized. The application makes full and reasonable use of the radiation refrigeration technology, and improves the steam quantity generated in the flash evaporation process; the solar energy interface evaporation technology is combined, the condensation latent heat released by steam is recovered, and the output purified water quantity is further improved by utilizing solar energy; the liquid flow direction of this application is simple, and the pipeline sets up conveniently, and the actual installation of the equipment of being convenient for is efficient. The photovoltaic battery power generation system does not need external energy to provide power, has the advantages of low operation cost, zero pollution, high efficiency and the like, and provides an effective solution for the problems of heat dissipation of the photovoltaic battery and water resource shortage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a radiation refrigeration enhanced composite water treatment device using near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the composite water treatment device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage composite water treatment device;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the purified water collecting passage.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments disclosed in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The first embodiment is as follows: specifically, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and the composite water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization according to the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a selective radiator 1, a photovoltaic cell panel 2, a cooling heat exchanger 3, a controllable water pump 4, an initial water pool 5, a concentrated water pool 6, a radiation refrigeration cavity 17, a purified water collecting channel 11, a condensing plate 8, a flash evaporation chamber and an evaporation chamber;
the evaporation chamber is internally provided with a solar interface evaporator 13 and a first water collecting tank 10;
a conical condenser 15 and a second water collecting tank 14 are arranged in the flash evaporation chamber;
the flash evaporation chamber is arranged below the evaporation chamber;
the selective radiator 1 absorbs the energy transmitted by the heat source and then releases radiation with energy higher than the forbidden bandwidth of the photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic cell panel 2 receives the radiation of the selective radiator 1 and converts the radiation into electric energy;
the cooling heat exchanger 3 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell panel 2;
under the action of the controllable water pump 4, one path of water to be treated in the initial water pool 5 is cooled by the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 and then enters the cooling heat exchanger 3, the water passing through the cooling heat exchanger 3 enters the flash evaporation chamber for flash evaporation, steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser 15 and drops into the second water collecting tank 14, the water dropping into the second water collecting tank 14 flows into the purified water pool 18 through the purified water collecting channel 11, and when the steam is condensed on the conical condenser 15, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted to the evaporation chamber above through the conical condenser 15;
the other path of the water enters an evaporation chamber, a first flow control valve 7 is arranged between the initial water tank 5 and the evaporation chamber, when the liquid level in the evaporation chamber reaches a solar interface evaporator 13, the solar interface evaporator 13 converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate 8 and drops into a first water collecting tank 10, and the water dropping into the first water collecting tank 10 flows into a purified water tank 18 through a purified water collecting channel 11;
and the concentrated solution remained after evaporation in the flash evaporation chamber and the evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank 6 through a water pump.
The solar energy heat-pump water treatment system well combines a near field thermal photovoltaic system and a water treatment technology, cools a photovoltaic cell by utilizing water to be treated after radiation refrigeration, fully transfers waste heat of the near field thermal photovoltaic system to the water to be treated, evaporates water by utilizing a multistage flash evaporation technology, and obtains purified water resources after condensation. The method and the device not only cool the photovoltaic cell, but also realize a water treatment process with no pollution, high efficiency and low energy consumption.
Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic structural diagrams of a radiation refrigeration reinforced composite water treatment device utilizing near-field thermal photovoltaic waste heat, energy of a heat source is transmitted to a selective radiator 1 and then radiated to a photovoltaic cell panel 2 by the selective radiator, the radiation energy is converted into electric energy based on a photovoltaic effect, a part of electric energy is used for driving a controllable water pump 4 in the water treatment device, a cooling heat exchanger 3 is arranged on the back of a photovoltaic cell 2 to play a role in maintaining the normal working temperature of the cell, and an alloy material with good heat conductivity can be selected.
Water to be treated is respectively sent into a solar distillation system and a radiation refrigerating cavity 17 of the three-stage device from an initial water pool 5 through a controllable water pump 4, and then sequentially passes through each stage of device of the solar distillation system, each stage of device is communicated with a first flow control valve 7 through a water conveying pipeline, and the first flow control valve 7 plays a role in limiting flow and regulating liquid level. The first flow control valve 7 is closed after the liquid level of the evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator 13, the evaporator 13 converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water, the sliding groove 12 controls the position of the evaporator to prevent the heat from affecting the refrigeration cavity below the evaporator, once the detection sensor 20 below the sliding groove 12 detects that the evaporator of any one stage device is positioned at the lowest part of the sliding groove, the device opens the valve to supply water, a water suction pump connected with the concentrated water tank 6 pumps water, and a water supply pump connected with the initial water tank 5 supplies water before the water pumping operation is finished, so that the purposes of flushing the device and preventing crystal blockage are achieved. The radiation refrigeration plate 9 assists the condensation plate 8 to condense steam, the steam is collected by the first water collecting tank 10 and then is transported to the purified water pool 18 through the purified water collecting channel 11, the residual concentrated solution after evaporation is sent to the concentrated water pool 6 through the water pump 4, so that the device is prevented from being blocked and incapable of running, and the working principle of the solar distillation system of each stage of device is the same; the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 is made of reflection type radiation refrigeration materials to ensure that the radiation refrigeration cavity can still normally work under the direct sunlight, water to be treated in the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 is sent to the first-stage device by the third-stage device and is cooled for three times during transportation, then the water is pumped into the cooling heat exchanger 3 by the water pump 4 to exchange heat, the photovoltaic cell panel 2 is cooled, the solution is heated and then sent into the flash evaporation chamber, the flow of the solution is continuous in the flash evaporation process, the liquid level in the flash evaporation chamber is regulated and controlled by the control valve, the radiation refrigeration in the flash evaporation chamber is in a low-temperature and low-pressure state, the heated water to be treated enters the flash evaporation chamber and is rapidly evaporated because the indoor pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the heated water, the evaporation capacity of the solution from the first-stage flash evaporation chamber to the third-stage flash evaporation chamber is gradually reduced, so that the third-stage flash evaporation chamber can effectively evaporate, as shown in fig. 4, a large amount of vapor generated after evaporation condenses on the conical condenser 15 and drops into the second water collecting tank 14, a hydrophobic coating is attached to one side of the radiation refrigeration cavity 17 located in the flash evaporation chamber to ensure the condensation position of the vapor, latent heat released after the condensation of the vapor is transferred to the upper evaporation chamber through the conical condenser 15 to recycle the energy, the concentrated solution remaining after evaporation is transported to the concentrated water tank 6 by the water pump 4, purified water obtained by condensation is sent to the purified water collecting channel 11 connected to the second water collecting tank 14, as shown in fig. 5, the purified water collecting channel 11 is respectively connected to the second water collecting tank 14 and the first water collecting tank 10 by two water collecting ramps 19, and the condensed water is collected and sent to a pipeline leading to the purified water tank 18.
As another embodiment of the present application, the present application can be configured as three subsystems, which are divided into a near-field thermophotovoltaic subsystem, a solar distillation subsystem, and a multi-stage flash evaporation subsystem;
the near-field thermal photovoltaic subsystem comprises a selective radiator, a photovoltaic cell panel and a cooling heat exchanger, wherein the selective radiator absorbs energy transmitted by a heat source and then releases radiation with energy higher than the forbidden bandwidth of the photovoltaic cell, the photovoltaic cell panel converts photon energy into electric energy when working, the cooling heat exchanger cools the photovoltaic cell panel through heat exchange between refrigerated water to be treated and the photovoltaic cell panel, so that the water to be treated can be maintained in a proper working temperature, meanwhile, the water to be treated is heated and enters a flash evaporation system, the thermal photovoltaic system provides electric power required by each water pump in the whole device, and a controllable water pump and a flow control valve in the device are controlled to be opened and closed by a processor.
The solar distillation subsystem comprises a solar interface evaporator, a condensation plate, a water collecting tank, a purified water collecting channel, a controllable water pump, a flow control valve and a pipeline system, wherein the solar distillation subsystem is a water treatment path of the solar distillation subsystem, water to be treated which is subjected to impurity filtration and added with a scale inhibitor in an initial water tank is sent to the solar distillation subsystem by the controllable water pump, the subsystem consists of three same devices, the devices are connected by the flow control valve, the evaporator starts to work to convert solar light energy into heat energy to heat surface water after the water to be treated reaches the position of the interface evaporator, four corners of the interface evaporator are provided with sliding grooves to control the moving distance of the evaporator, the lower part of the sliding grooves is provided with a detection sensor, when the evaporator moves to the bottom of the sliding grooves along with the liquid level, the sensor detects the evaporator, and further controls the flow control valve and the water pump to work to supply water, steam generated after evaporation of the solution is condensed on the condensation plate, radiation refrigeration materials are attached around the condensation plate, so as to achieve the effect of accelerating the condensation of steam condensation, the evaporation rate is improved, the condensed water is sent to the purified water through the purified water collecting channel, the residual concentrated solution after evaporation is sent to the water by the water collecting channel, and can be used for preparing salt for subsequent salt recovery.
The multi-stage flash evaporation subsystem is connected with the solar distillation subsystem and located below the solar distillation subsystem, the multi-stage flash evaporation subsystem is another water treatment path of the application, and comprises a reflection-type radiation refrigeration cavity, a conical condenser, a water collecting tank, a purified water collecting channel, a controllable water pump, a flow control valve and a pipeline system, water to be treated is pumped into a radiation refrigeration cavity of a third stage device from an initial water tank by a water pump, the radiation refrigeration cavity of the first, second and third stage devices is communicated with a pressure valve by a pipeline, after the water to be treated is cooled three times after passing through the third stage device in sequence, the water is sent into a cooling heat exchanger of a near-field thermal photovoltaic system by the water pump to cool a photovoltaic cell panel, the heat exchanger utilizes the action of gravity to improve the flow rate so as to enhance the heat exchange effect, the heated water is sent to flash evaporation chambers of the first, second and third stage devices in sequence, flash evaporation occurs in the flash evaporation chamber of low-temperature and low pressure, the flowing process of liquid is continuous, steam condenses on the conical condenser and drops into the water collecting tank below the conical condenser, and is finally sent into the purified water collecting channel, the purified water tank is coated with a hydrophobic coating on the inner side of the conical condenser to ensure that the condensed steam condenses as much as possible, the condensed water can flow through the solar distillation water pump, and the condensed liquid can flow through the solar distillation condenser, and the condensed water pump, and the condensed liquid can be concentrated by the third stage condensation water pump, and then be sent into the concentrated by the third stage water pump, and concentrated by the solar distillation water pump.
The water to be treated in the application can be strong brine, seawater, saline-alkali water polluted water and the like. The first, the second and the third stages of the device are determined according to the flowing direction of water during water treatment.
It should be noted that the detailed description is only for explaining and explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the claims is not limited thereby. It is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims and the description.
Claims (8)
1. A combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a selective radiator (1), a photovoltaic cell panel (2), a cooling heat exchanger (3), a controllable water pump (4), an initial water pool (5), a concentrated water pool (6), a radiation refrigeration cavity (17), a purified water collecting channel (11), a condensing plate (8), a flash evaporation chamber and an evaporation chamber;
the evaporation chamber is internally provided with a solar interface evaporator (13) and a first water collecting tank (10);
a conical condenser (15) and a second water collecting tank (14) are arranged in the flash evaporation chamber;
the flash evaporation chamber is arranged below the evaporation chamber;
the selective radiator (1) absorbs energy transferred by a heat source and then releases radiation with energy higher than the forbidden band width of a photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic cell panel (2) receives radiation of the selective radiator (1) and converts the radiation into electric energy;
the cooling heat exchanger (3) is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell panel (2);
under the action of a controllable water pump (4), one path of water to be treated in the initial water pool (5) enters a cooling heat exchanger (3) after being cooled by a radiation refrigeration cavity (17), water passing through the cooling heat exchanger (3) enters a flash evaporation chamber for flash evaporation, steam is condensed into water on a conical condenser (15) and drops into a second water collecting tank (14), the water dropping into the second water collecting tank (14) flows into a purified water pool (18) through a purified water collecting channel (11), and when the steam is condensed on the conical condenser (15), the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is transferred to an evaporation chamber above the conical condenser (15);
the other path of the water enters an evaporation chamber, a first flow control valve (7) is arranged between the initial water tank (5) and the evaporation chamber, when the liquid level in the evaporation chamber reaches a solar interface evaporator (13), the solar interface evaporator (13) converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate (8) and dripped into a first water collecting tank (10), and the water dripped into the first water collecting tank (10) flows into a purified water tank (18) through a purified water collecting channel (11);
concentrated solution remained after evaporation in the flash evaporation chamber and the evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank (6) through a water pump;
a sliding groove (12) is formed in the evaporation chamber, and the sliding groove (12) is used for adjusting the position of the solar interface evaporator (13);
the system further comprises a detection sensor (20), the detection sensor (20) is arranged below the sliding groove (12), the detection sensor (20) is used for detecting the position of the solar interface evaporator (13), when the position of the solar interface evaporator (13) is located at the lowest position of the sliding groove (12), the controllable water pump (4) and the first flow control valve (7) are started, and when the position of the solar interface evaporator (13) is located at the highest position of the sliding groove (12), the controllable water pump (4) and the first flow control valve (7) are closed.
2. The combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the number of the flash chambers is three, and the three flash chambers comprise a primary flash chamber, a secondary flash chamber and a tertiary flash chamber, and the flash chambers are communicated with one another through a second flow control valve (21);
the number of the evaporation chambers is three, and the three evaporation chambers comprise a primary evaporation chamber, a secondary evaporation chamber and a tertiary evaporation chamber, and the evaporation chambers are communicated through a first flow control valve (7);
the number of the radiation refrigeration cavities (17) is three;
under the action of a controllable water pump (4), one path of water to be treated in the initial water tank (5) sequentially passes through three radiation refrigeration cavities (17) to be cooled and then enters a cooling heat exchanger (3), water passing through the cooling heat exchanger (3) enters a primary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, steam is condensed into water on a conical condenser (15) in the primary flash chamber and then drops into a second water collecting tank (14) in the primary flash chamber, the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the primary flash chamber flows into a secondary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, the steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser (15) in the secondary flash chamber and drops into the second water collecting tank (14) in the secondary flash chamber, the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the secondary flash chamber flows into a tertiary flash chamber to be subjected to flash evaporation, the steam is condensed into water on the conical condenser (15) in the tertiary flash chamber and then drops into the second water collecting tank (14) in the tertiary flash chamber, and the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the tertiary flash chamber flows into a concentrated water tank (6);
when steam is condensed on the conical condenser (15) in the primary flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted into the primary evaporation chamber through the conical condenser (15) in the primary flash chamber;
when the steam is condensed on the conical condenser (15) in the secondary flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is conducted into the secondary evaporation chamber through the conical condenser (15) in the secondary flash chamber;
when steam is condensed on the conical condenser (15) in the third-stage flash chamber, the latent heat of condensation released by condensation is transferred into the third-stage evaporation chamber through the conical condenser (15) in the third-stage flash chamber;
the other path of the liquid enters a primary evaporation chamber, a secondary evaporation chamber and a tertiary evaporation chamber in sequence;
when the liquid level in the primary evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator (13) in the primary evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator (13) in the primary evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate (8) in the primary evaporation chamber and drops into a first water collecting tank (10) in the primary evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated solution after evaporation in the primary evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank (6);
when the liquid level in the secondary evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator (13) in the primary evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator (13) in the secondary evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate (8) in the secondary evaporation chamber and drops into a first water collecting tank (10) in the secondary evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the secondary evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank (6);
when the liquid level in the three-stage evaporation chamber reaches the solar interface evaporator (13) in the first-stage evaporation chamber, the solar interface evaporator (13) in the three-stage evaporation chamber converts the absorbed solar energy into heat energy to heat surface water to form water vapor, the water vapor is condensed into water on a condensation plate (8) in the three-stage evaporation chamber and drops into a first water collecting tank (10) in the three-stage evaporation chamber, and the residual concentrated liquid after evaporation in the three-stage evaporation chamber flows into a concentrated water tank (6).
3. The combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein radiation refrigeration plates (9) are arranged on two sides of the condensation plate (8).
4. The combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the water to be treated in the initial water tank (5) is filtered by impurities and added with a scale inhibitor.
5. The combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the purified water collection channel (11) is connected with the first water collection tank (10) and the second water collection tank (14) through two water collection inclined ladders (19), respectively.
6. The near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization based composite water treatment system according to claim 1, wherein radiation refrigeration material is attached around said condensation plate (8).
7. The combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermal photovoltaic waste heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation refrigeration cavity (17) is a reflection type radiation refrigeration cavity, and the inner side of the radiation refrigeration cavity (17) is coated with a hydrophobic coating.
8. The near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization-based combined water treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the number of the radiation refrigeration chambers (17) is 6, water to be treated in the initial water tank (5) enters the cooling heat exchanger (3) through 2 pipelines in one path under the action of the controllable water pump (4), three radiation refrigeration chambers (17) are arranged on each pipeline, and the radiation refrigeration chambers (17) on the 2 pipelines are communicated in pairs through the communication pipelines (16).
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