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CN114854185A - Biodegradable polymer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Biodegradable polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114854185A
CN114854185A CN202210785197.9A CN202210785197A CN114854185A CN 114854185 A CN114854185 A CN 114854185A CN 202210785197 A CN202210785197 A CN 202210785197A CN 114854185 A CN114854185 A CN 114854185A
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Prior art keywords
parts
calcium carbonate
biodegradable polymer
polymer composite
nano calcium
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CN202210785197.9A
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CN114854185B (en
Inventor
申禧峰
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Xiongxian Liya Packing Material Co ltd
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Xiongxian Liya Packing Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002Physical properties
    • C08K2201/005Additives being defined by their particle size in general
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011Nanostructured additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/06Biodegradable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high molecular materials, and provides a biodegradable polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biodegradable polymer composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of PLA, 30-80 parts of PBAT, 0.5-1 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.5-1 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 15-20 parts of triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate. Through the technical scheme, the problem of poor compatibility when the degradable material is prepared by compounding PLA and PBAT in the related technology is solved.

Description

Biodegradable polymer composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high molecular materials, in particular to a biodegradable polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Plastics gradually replace various materials, play an important role in all aspects of our life, and occupy a very important position in all industries. However, the traditional plastic has stable chemical components and is difficult to degrade, so that environmental pollution is brought, and the application of the degradable plastic is followed.
The polylactic acid (PLA) is widely applied, is a unique transparent biodegradable material, has good thermal processing performance and biocompatibility, and can be applied to the fields of packaging food, fast food boxes, non-woven fabrics, hygienic products and the like. PLA has a wide application prospect, but the development of PLA is limited to a certain extent due to high strength and poor toughness of PLA.
PBAT is a copolymer of adipic acid, terephthalic acid and butanediol, has the characteristics of polybutylene adipate and polybutylene terephthalate, has better ductility and elongation at break, and is a degradable material with excellent performance. The PBAT is commonly used for toughening and modifying the PLA to obtain polylactic acid, but the PLA and the PBAT are mutually incompatible, the prepared composite material has unsatisfactory mechanical property due to poor compatibility of the PLA and the PBAT, and an expected effect cannot be obtained by toughening and modifying, so that the compatibility of the PLA and the PBAT needs to be improved to improve the combination problem between the PLA and the PBAT.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a biodegradable polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem of poor compatibility when PLA and PBAT are compounded to prepare the biodegradable material in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the biodegradable polymer composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of PLA, 30-80 parts of PBAT, 0.5-1 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.5-1 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 15-20 parts of triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate.
Triethoxysilylbutanal has a CAS number of 917773-12-7, and 3-epoxypropanecarboxylic acid has a CAS number of 114012-41-8.
As a further technical scheme, the mass of the triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde accounts for 10% -15% of that of the nano calcium carbonate.
As a further technical scheme, the preparation method of the triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol water solution into the nano calcium carbonate for dilution, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde, heating to 70-140 ℃, reacting, and drying to obtain the nano calcium carbonate.
As a further technical scheme, the preparation method of the triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol water solution with the mass twice that of the nano calcium carbonate to dilute, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde, heating to 70-140 ℃, reacting for 5-8h, and drying to obtain the nano calcium carbonate.
As a further technical scheme, the biodegradable polymer composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of PLA, 60 parts of PBAT, 0.8 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.8 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1.5 parts of lubricant and 15 parts of triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate.
As a further technical scheme, the mass ratio of the 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid to the acetyl tributyl citrate is 1: 1.
As a further technical scheme, the lubricant comprises one or more of polyethylene wax, ethylene bisstearamide, barium stearate and magnesium stearate.
As a further technical scheme, the particle size of the nano calcium carbonate is 30-70 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biodegradable polymer composite material, which comprises the following steps: the biodegradable polymer composite material is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials, extruding, blending and granulating.
The invention also provides application of the biodegradable polymer composite material as a film material or a sheet material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid and acetyl tributyl citrate are used for synergistic action to modify the blending system of PLA and PBAT, and active reaction groups are introduced to react with hydroxyl and carboxyl of PBAT and PLA end groups, so that the compatibility of PLA and PBAT is improved, and the performance of the blending system is improved.
2. Because the surface energy of the nano particles is high and is in a thermodynamic unstable state, agglomeration is easy to occur in the preparation process, and the triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde is used for modifying the nano calcium carbonate, so that the nano calcium carbonate has good dispersibility when being blended with a polymer matrix, and the mechanical property of the composite material can be improved. On the other hand, the inventor speculates that the addition of the triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde can not only improve the dispersibility of the nano calcium carbonate in an organic matrix, but also introduce active groups to improve the compatibility of PLA and PBAT.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
S1, preparing modified nano calcium carbonate: adding 75% ethanol aqueous solution with the mass 2 times that of the nano calcium carbonate to dilute the nano calcium carbonate, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde with the mass 15% of the nano calcium carbonate, controlling the reaction temperature at 130-140 ℃, reacting for 5h, and drying to obtain the product.
S2, mechanically blending 10 parts of PLA, 30 parts of PBAT, 0.5 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.5 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1 part of polyethylene wax and 15 parts of modified nano calcium carbonate in a high-speed mixer for 5 minutes;
and S3, performing melt extrusion granulation on the uniformly mixed materials through a double-screw extruder, and performing blow molding to form a film with the thickness of 12 microns.
Example 2
S1, preparing modified nano calcium carbonate: adding 75% ethanol aqueous solution with the mass 2 times that of the nano calcium carbonate to dilute the nano calcium carbonate, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde with the mass 12% of the nano calcium carbonate, controlling the reaction temperature at 110-120 ℃, reacting for 6h, and drying to obtain the product.
S2, mechanically blending 20 parts of PLA, 80 parts of PBAT, 1 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 1 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 2 parts of ethylene bis stearamide and 20 parts of modified nano calcium carbonate in a high-speed mixer for 6 minutes;
and S3, performing melt extrusion granulation on the uniformly mixed materials through a double-screw extruder, and performing blow molding to form a film with the thickness of 12 microns.
Example 3
S1, preparing modified nano calcium carbonate: adding 2 times of 75% ethanol water solution by mass into nano calcium carbonate for dilution, adding triethoxysilylbutanal with the mass of 10% of the nano calcium carbonate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 90-100 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, and drying to obtain the calcium carbonate.
S2, mechanically blending 15 parts of PLA, 40 parts of PBAT, 0.6 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.6 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1.3 parts of barium stearate and 16 parts of modified nano calcium carbonate in a high-speed mixer for 5 minutes;
and S3, performing melt extrusion granulation on the uniformly mixed materials through a double-screw extruder, and performing blow molding to form a film with the thickness of 12 microns.
Example 4
S1, preparing modified nano calcium carbonate: adding 75% ethanol aqueous solution with the mass 2 times that of the nano calcium carbonate to dilute the nano calcium carbonate, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde with the mass 14% of the nano calcium carbonate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 105-110 ℃, reacting for 7.5h, and drying to obtain the product.
S2, 16 parts of PLA, 60 parts of PBAT, 1 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.8 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1 part of magnesium stearate, 0.5 part of polyethylene wax and 15 parts of modified nano calcium carbonate are mechanically blended for 5 minutes in a high-speed mixer;
and S3, performing melt extrusion granulation on the uniformly mixed materials through a double-screw extruder, and performing blow molding to form a film with the thickness of 12 microns.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 3, no 3-epoxypropanecarboxylic acid was added, and the same amount of acetyl tributyl citrate was used instead, the other process was unchanged.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 3, the nano calcium carbonate is not modified, and other processes are not changed.
The films obtained in examples and comparative examples were subjected to mechanical property tests, and the results are shown in table 1.
The standard according to which is the determination of the tensile properties of GB/T1040.3 plastics part 3: test conditions for films and sheets.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of films of examples and comparative examples
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Longitudinal tensile strength/MPa 29 23 28 24 27 26
Longitudinal elongation at break/%) 198 211 179 206 174 161
The compatibility of PLA and PBAT systems is improved by adding 3-epoxyacrylic carboxylic acid and acetyl tributyl citrate for synergistic action, and the compatibility of the PLA and the PBAT systems is improved, so that the strength and the toughness of the film are excellent, the longitudinal tensile strength can reach 24-29MPa, and the longitudinal elongation at break can reach 198-211%.
In comparative example 1, 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid is not added, and compared with example 3 under the same other conditions, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the film are reduced to a certain extent, which shows that in the composite material system of the invention, the effect of only adding acetyl tributyl citrate is not as good as that of synergistic combination of acetyl tributyl citrate and 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid.
In the comparative example 2, the nano calcium carbonate is not modified, because the surface energy of the nano particles is high and is in a thermodynamic unstable state, agglomeration is easy to occur in the preparation process, so that the mechanical property of the film is reduced, and after the nano calcium carbonate is modified in the example, the compatibility between the nano particles and a high polymer material can be improved, so that the mechanical property of the film is improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The biodegradable polymer composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of PLA, 30-80 parts of PBAT, 0.5-1 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.5-1 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 15-20 parts of triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate.
2. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the triethoxysilylbutanal is 10% -15% of that of the nano calcium carbonate.
3. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the triethoxysilylbutanal-modified nano calcium carbonate comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol water solution into the nano calcium carbonate for dilution, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde, heating to 70-140 ℃, reacting, and drying to obtain the nano calcium carbonate.
4. The biodegradable polymer composite material according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the triethoxysilylbutanal-modified nano calcium carbonate comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol water solution with the mass twice that of the nano calcium carbonate to dilute, adding triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde, heating to 70-140 ℃, reacting for 5-8h, and drying to obtain the nano calcium carbonate.
5. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of PLA, 60 parts of PBAT, 0.8 part of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid, 0.8 part of acetyl tributyl citrate, 1.5 parts of lubricant and 15 parts of triethoxy silicon butyraldehyde modified nano calcium carbonate.
6. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of 3-epoxypropane carboxylic acid to acetyl tributyl citrate is 1: 1.
7. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant comprises one or more of polyethylene wax, ethylene bis stearamide, barium stearate, magnesium stearate.
8. The biodegradable polymer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the nano calcium carbonate has a particle size of 30-70 nm.
9. The method of preparing the biodegradable polymer composite of claim 1, comprising the steps of: the biodegradable polymer composite material is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials, extruding, blending and granulating.
10. Use of the biodegradable polymer composite according to any one of claims 1-8 as a film or sheet.
CN202210785197.9A 2022-07-06 2022-07-06 Biodegradable polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Active CN114854185B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Denomination of invention: Biodegradable polymer composite materials and their preparation methods

Granted publication date: 20221122

Pledgee: Bank of Communications Co.,Ltd. Hebei Xiong'an Branch

Pledgor: XIONGXIAN LIYA PACKING MATERIAL Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2024980001679