CN114839106A - Method, system, vehicle and medium for measuring hydrogen concentration of fuel cell - Google Patents
Method, system, vehicle and medium for measuring hydrogen concentration of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114839106A CN114839106A CN202110143956.7A CN202110143956A CN114839106A CN 114839106 A CN114839106 A CN 114839106A CN 202110143956 A CN202110143956 A CN 202110143956A CN 114839106 A CN114839106 A CN 114839106A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/14—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
- G01N7/16—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by heating the material
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a method, a system, a vehicle and a medium for measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell; the method comprises the steps of carrying out gas-liquid separation on gas at the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and heating the separated gas until the relative humidity is less than 100%; acquiring the temperature of the gas before heating and the saturated pressure at the corresponding temperature, the temperature of the heated gas and the saturated pressure, humidity and volume of the heated hydrogen at the corresponding temperature, and calculating to obtain the volume fraction of the heated hydrogen and the humidity RH of the gas before heating 9 If RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; calculating to obtain the final volume fraction of the hydrogen; if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the volume fraction of hydrogen after heating is equal to the final volume fraction of hydrogen; the invention can realize the hydrogen concentration test with low development cost, simple structure and high reliability; through heating the gas after separating, can prevent the condensation of saturated vapor, guarantee the accuracy of measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a method, a system, a vehicle and a medium for measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the working principle that hydrogen and oxygen generate electrochemical reaction to generate water and output electric energy. Because the voltage of the fuel cell is usually less than 1V, in practical application, hundreds of single cells need to be connected in series to form a fuel cell stack and matched with corresponding peripheral accessories to form a fuel cell system.
Hydrogen is one of reactants of electrochemical reaction of a fuel cell, in an existing fuel cell system, hydrogen recirculation is usually performed on an anode side by means of a hydrogen circulating pump or an ejector, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen is improved, but the concentration of the hydrogen seriously affects the output performance and the service life of a galvanic pile, and an existing hydrogen concentration sensor is easily affected by liquid water to cause functional failure due to the fact that the anode side usually carries the liquid water, so that a proper technology needs to be developed to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the anode side.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are a method, a system, a vehicle and a medium for measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell, which are simple in structure and low in cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a method for measuring hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell includes
Carrying out gas-liquid separation on gas at the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and heating the separated gas, wherein the relative humidity of the heated gas is less than 100%; obtaining the temperature T before heating the gas 7 And saturated gas pressure p at corresponding temperature sat (T 7 )；
Obtaining the temperature T of the heated gas 10 Pressure p 10 Humidity RH 10 Saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 10 ) Volume of hydrogen after heating x H2，11 And hydrogen volume fraction x after heating w，11 The heated hydrogen gas volume fraction x w，11 The calculation method is as follows:
according to the heated gas temperature T 10 And humidity RH 10 Obtaining the humidity RH of the gas before heating 9 The gas humidity RH 9 The calculation method is as follows:
if RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the volume fraction x of hydrogen after heating w，11 Equal to the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final 。
In order to solve the above technical problem, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a battery hydrogen concentration measuring system comprises a measuring loop, and a gas-liquid separation component, a heating component, a temperature-pressure-humidity sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor which are sequentially arranged on the measuring loop;
and a temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a measuring loop in front of the heating element.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a vehicle comprising a fuel cell including a hydrogen circulation pump including an inlet and an outlet, and a cell hydrogen concentration measurement system according to the above;
the measuring loop of the cell hydrogen concentration measuring system is connected in parallel with the inlet and the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump;
one end of the measurement loop with the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the upper inlet.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a fourth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a medium on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydrogen concentration measuring system and the method for the battery can realize the hydrogen concentration test with low development cost, simple structure and high reliability; the problems of complex system and high cost caused by measurement in the prior art are solved; by heating the separated gas, the relative humidity of the heated gas is less than 100%, so that the saturated vapor pressure is improved, the condensation of saturated vapor is prevented, and the accuracy of measurement is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a control valve; 2. a hydrogen circulation pump; 3. an electromagnetic purge valve; 4. a galvanic pile; 5. a pressure regulating valve; 6. an air compressor; 7. a temperature and pressure sensor; 8. a water diversion member; 9. a waterproof and breathable member; 10. a temperature-pressure-humidity sensor; 11. a hydrogen concentration sensor; 12. a heating member; 13. and measuring a loop.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for measuring hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell includes
Carrying out gas-liquid separation on gas at the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and heating the separated gas, wherein the relative humidity of the heated gas is less than 100%; obtaining the temperature T before heating the gas 7 And saturated gas pressure p at corresponding temperature sat (T 7 )；
Obtaining the temperature T of the heated gas 10 Pressure p 10 Humidity RH 10 Saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 10 ) Volume of hydrogen after heating x H2，11 And hydrogen volume fraction x after heating w，11 The heated hydrogen gas volume fraction x w，11 The calculation method is as follows:
according to the heated gas temperature T 10 And humidity RH 10 Obtaining the humidity RH of the gas before heating 9 The gas humidity RH 9 The calculation method is as follows:
if RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the volume fraction x of hydrogen after heating w，11 Equal to the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final 。
Further, the flow ratio of the gas before gas-liquid separation and the gas-liquid separation is less than 5%.
From the above description, the flow ratio of the gas before gas-liquid separation and the gas-liquid after gas-liquid separation is less than 5%, so that the influence of the measurement process on the normal operation of the system is avoided; alternatively, if the flow ratio is less than 5%, the flow in the measurement circuit may be discharged to the atmosphere with safety ensured.
Further, the flow rate ratio between before and after the gas-liquid separation is 1%.
Further, the final volume fraction x of nitrogen is included N2 (ii) a If RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final nitrogen volume fraction x N2 The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the final volume fraction x of nitrogen N2 The calculation method is as follows:
x N2 ＝1-x H2，final -x w，11 。
a battery hydrogen concentration measuring system comprises a measuring loop, and a gas-liquid separation component, a heating component, a temperature-pressure-humidity sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor which are sequentially arranged on the measuring loop;
and a temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a measuring loop in front of the heating element.
Further, the gas-liquid separation subassembly includes that the water diversion spare that sets gradually along measuring the return circuit and waterproof ventilative company.
Further, a flow sensor is further arranged on the measuring loop behind the hydrogen concentration sensor.
As can be seen from the above description, the gas composition can be accurately calculated by the arrangement of the flow sensor.
Furthermore, a pressure regulating part is arranged on the measuring loop behind the hydrogen concentration sensor.
From the above description, it can be seen that by the provision of the pressure regulator, the flow in the measurement circuit can be precisely controlled such that the ratio of the flow in the circuit to the flow in the circulation circuit is less than 5%.
A vehicle comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen circulating pump, the hydrogen circulating pump comprises an inlet and an outlet, and the vehicle further comprises the battery hydrogen concentration measuring system;
the measuring loop of the cell hydrogen concentration measuring system is connected in parallel with the inlet and the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump;
one end of the measurement loop with the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the upper inlet.
A medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method of measuring a hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell.
As can be seen from the above description, the hydrogen concentration measurement system and method of the present invention can implement a hydrogen concentration test with low development cost, simple structure and high reliability; the problems of complex system and high cost caused by measurement in the prior art are solved.
Example one
A method for measuring hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell includes
Carrying out gas-liquid separation on gas at the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and heating the separated gas, wherein the relative humidity of the heated gas is less than 100% or less than 80%; obtaining the temperature T before heating the gas 7 And saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 7 )；
Obtaining the temperature T of the heated gas 10 Pressure p 10 Humidity RH 10 Saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 10 ) Volume of hydrogen after heating x H2，11 And hydrogen volume fraction x after heating w，11 The heated hydrogen gas volume fraction x w，11 The calculation method is as follows:
according to the heated gas temperature T 10 And humidity RH 10 Obtaining the humidity RH of the gas before heating 9 (where T is used in the formula) 7 Because the temperature change in the measurement loop is extremely small and can be ignored and regarded as equivalent before and after the gas-liquid separation, the temperature change is directly used as the temperature after the gas-liquid separation), and the gas humidity RH 9 The calculation method is as follows:
if RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the volume fraction x of hydrogen after heating w，11 Equal to the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final 。
The flow ratio before and after the gas-liquid separation is 1%.
Also included is the final nitrogen volume fraction x N2 (ii) a If RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final nitrogen volume fraction x N2 The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the final volume fraction x of nitrogen N2 The calculation method is as follows:
x N2 ＝1-x H2，final -x w，11 。
wherein
Referring to FIG. 1, T 7 Is the temperature at the temperature-pressure sensor 7, p sat (T 7 ) The saturated air pressure is the saturated air pressure at the temperature corresponding to the temperature and pressure sensor 7;
T 10 、p 10 、RH 10 for temperature, pressure and humidity at the temperature-pressure-humidity sensor 10, p sat (T 10 ) The saturated air pressure of the temperature-pressure-humidity sensor 10 at the corresponding temperature;
x H2，11 obtaining the volume of the heated hydrogen for the hydrogen concentration sensor;
RH 9 is waterproof against the humidity of the gas at the gas permeable member 9.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, a battery hydrogen concentration measuring system includes a measuring circuit 13, and a gas-liquid separation assembly, a heating element 12, a temperature-pressure-humidity sensor 10 and a hydrogen concentration sensor 11 sequentially disposed on the measuring circuit 13;
a temperature and pressure sensor 7 is arranged on the measuring loop 13 in front of the heating element.
The gas-liquid separation assembly comprises a water diversion part 8 and a waterproof and breathable part 9 which are sequentially arranged along a measurement loop 13.
A flow sensor is also provided on the measurement circuit 13 after the hydrogen concentration sensor 11.
A pressure regulating member is also provided on the measurement circuit 13 after the hydrogen concentration sensor 11.
Wherein
The water diversion part 8 is an SMC type water diversion device, and can selectively remove liquid water particles in gas with the diameter larger than 50 um; the waterproof breathable piece 9 is a waterproof breathable valve, theoretically, only hydrogen, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases can pass through the waterproof breathable piece, liquid water particles cannot pass through the waterproof breathable piece, the aperture of an adopted e-PTFE film material is 0.1-10um, the liquid water particles are generally larger than the range, the diameter of gas molecules is 0.4nm, and due to the characteristics of high contact angle and the like of the film material, gas-water separation can be effectively realized.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, a vehicle includes a fuel cell including a control valve 1, a hydrogen circulation pump 2, an electromagnetic purge valve 3, a stack 4, a pressure regulating valve 5, and an air compressor 6, the hydrogen is introduced into the stack 4 through the control valve 1, the air is introduced into the stack 4 through the air compressor 6, the electromagnetic purge valve 3 controls discharge of a reaction product, and the pressure regulating valve 5 controls pressure of the stack 4; the hydrogen circulation pump 2 includes an inlet and an outlet,
the system also comprises a battery hydrogen concentration measuring system in the first embodiment;
a measuring loop 13 of the cell hydrogen concentration measuring system is connected in parallel with the hydrogen circulating pump 2 and comprises an inlet and an outlet;
one end of the measurement circuit 13 having the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected to the upper inlet.
The outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump 2 is used as the starting end of the measuring loop 13, the inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump 2 is used as the tail end, and the temperature and pressure sensor 7, the water distribution piece 8, the waterproof ventilating piece 9, the heating piece 12, the temperature and pressure humidity sensor 10 and the hydrogen concentration sensor 11 are sequentially arranged from the starting end to the tail end of the measuring loop 13.
Example four
A medium on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell according to the first embodiment.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell, comprising
Carrying out gas-liquid separation on gas at the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and heating the separated gas, wherein the relative humidity of the heated gas is less than 100%; obtaining the temperature T before heating the gas 7 And saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 7 )；
Obtaining the temperature T of the heated gas 10 Pressure p 10 Humidity RH 10 Saturated gas pressure p at the corresponding temperature sat (T 10 ) Volume of hydrogen after heating x H2，11 And hydrogen volume fraction x after heating w，11 The heated hydrogen gas volume fraction x w，11 The calculation method is as follows:
according to the heated gas temperature T 10 And humidity RH 10 Obtaining the humidity RH of the gas before heating 9 The gas humidity RH 9 The calculation method is as follows:
if RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the volume fraction x of hydrogen after heating w，11 Equal to the final hydrogen volume fraction x H2，final 。
2. The method of measuring a hydrogen concentration in a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate ratio before and after the gas-liquid separation is less than 5%.
3. The method of measuring a hydrogen concentration in a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the flow rate ratio before and after the gas-liquid separation is 1%.
4. The method of measuring the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a final nitrogen volume fraction x N2 (ii) a If RH 9 Is more than 100 percent; the final nitrogen volume fraction x N2 The calculation method is as follows:
if the gas humidity RH 9 Less than or equal to 100%, the final volume fraction x of nitrogen N2 The calculation method is as follows:
x N2 ＝1-x H2，final -x w，11 。
5. a battery hydrogen concentration measuring system is characterized by comprising a measuring loop, and a gas-liquid separation component, a heating component, a temperature-pressure-humidity sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor which are sequentially arranged on the measuring loop;
and a temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a measuring loop in front of the heating element.
6. The battery hydrogen concentration measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the gas-liquid separation assembly includes a water-diversion member and a waterproof gas-permeable member that are provided in this order along a measurement circuit.
7. The battery hydrogen concentration measurement system according to claim 5, wherein a flow sensor is further provided on the measurement circuit after the hydrogen concentration sensor.
8. The battery hydrogen concentration measurement system according to claim 5, wherein a pressure regulator is further provided on the measurement circuit after the hydrogen concentration sensor.
9. A vehicle comprising a fuel cell including a hydrogen circulation pump including an inlet and an outlet, characterized by further comprising the cell hydrogen concentration measurement system of any one of claims 5-8;
the measuring loop of the cell hydrogen concentration measuring system is connected in parallel with the inlet and the outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and one end of the measurement loop with the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the upper inlet.
10. A medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method of measuring a hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110143956.7A CN114839106A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Method, system, vehicle and medium for measuring hydrogen concentration of fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110143956.7A CN114839106A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Method, system, vehicle and medium for measuring hydrogen concentration of fuel cell |
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Cited By (2)
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| WO2024190174A1 (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2024-09-19 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Physical quantity measurement system |
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