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CN114801697A - 插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘 - Google Patents

插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114801697A
CN114801697A CN202210550973.7A CN202210550973A CN114801697A CN 114801697 A CN114801697 A CN 114801697A CN 202210550973 A CN202210550973 A CN 202210550973A CN 114801697 A CN114801697 A CN 114801697A
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engine
frame
plug
axle
electric
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陈晓雯
王文磊
齐海超
张琦
张影
王马强
刘庚
孙汝山
蒙震
李洋
贾飞鹏
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Shaanqi Group Commercial Vehicle Co ltd
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Shaanqi Group Commercial Vehicle Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210550973.7A priority Critical patent/CN114801697A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3223—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or type of the compressor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors

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Abstract

提供一种插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，具有在车架上由前至后依次设置的前桥、中桥和驱动桥；前桥上部中心位置设有发动机；发动机后端依次经电机、变速箱、中桥传动轴、驱动桥中间传动轴与驱动桥输入端相连；变速箱上端以及驾驶室后侧车架的左右梁上翼面设有高压电池装置，且高压电池装置与电机电路相连。本发明具备纯电行驶功能，满足挂绿牌要求；有效提升能量利用率，机械效率；解决现有混动汽车电池偏置以及电池容量有限导致的续航里程短的问题；结构简单，底盘零部件布置合理，空间利用率高，可直接在常规车上改装和实现换电功能，便于装配，能实现系列化、模块化，适合推广。

Description

插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘
技术领域
本发明属于作业运输无轨路用车辆车架底盘技术领域，具体涉及一种插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘。
背景技术
插电式混合动力是介于纯电动汽车与燃油汽车两者之间的一种新能源汽车,既有传统汽车的发动机、变速器、传动系统、油路、油箱,也有纯电动汽车的电池、电动机、控制电路。
现有技术中，以公告号为CN215097822U公开的一种增程式混合动力商用车底盘布置结构，按能量流分，属于串联增程式混合动力车，弊端在于：发动机带动发电机进行发电，然后电能通过逆变器输送给驱动电机，然后由驱动电机提供动力来驱动汽车。由于发动机无法直接驱动车辆，机械能和电能之间多次能量转换以及电池充放电过程中的能量的损失，能量利用率较低，机械效率较低。
公告号为CN108058588A公开的一种混合动力重型牵引车的底盘布置结构，其无纯电模式，既无法满足挂绿牌要求；同时，高压电池装置侧置，载重重心偏置，电池容量有限。对此，现提出如下改进技术方案。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题：提供一种插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，具备纯电行驶功能，满足挂绿牌要求；有效提升能量利用率，机械效率；解决现有混动汽车电池偏置以及电池容量有限导致的续航里程短的问题。
本发明采用的技术方案：插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，具有在车架上由前至后依次设置的前桥、中桥和驱动桥；前桥上部中心位置设有发动机；发动机后端依次经电机、变速箱、中桥传动轴、驱动桥中间传动轴与驱动桥输入端相连；变速箱上端以及驾驶室后侧车架的左右梁上翼面设有高压电池装置，且高压电池装置与电机电路相连。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：还包括布置于车架左侧从前至后依次设置的尿素箱、BMS控制器、燃油箱。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：尿素箱靠近发动机设置。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：还包括布置于车架右侧从前至后依次设置的排气后处理装置、蓄电池、三电冷却系统以及三合一控制器与上车踏步合件。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：排气后处理装置靠近发动机设置，发动机前侧设有独立的发动机冷却装置。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：三电冷却系统用于电机、高压电池装置、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件的散热。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：排气后处理装置设有隔热罩；三合一控制器与上车踏步合件设有防护罩。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：还包括三电冷却系统膨胀水箱；三电冷却系统膨胀水箱布置于高压电池装置具有的防护罩内。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：还包括布置在车架前端左右两侧的电动转向器和电动空调压缩机。
上述技术方案中，进一步地：还包括储气筒装置；储气筒装置位于车架左右两内侧和车架尾梁下翼面各设置一个。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点：
1、本发明为并联式混合动力系统，综合了纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车的优点,既可实现纯电动、零排放行驶；也能通过混动模式增加车辆续驶里程；有效解决纯电动车的续航问题以及传统车辆的油耗高问题；同时能够满足用户挂绿牌、享受政府补贴和地方路政路权需求，是新能源汽车另一种发展方向。
2、本发明电机不再直接与驱动桥相连，减少簧下重量负荷，有利操控，有助提升整车操纵稳定性能。
3、本发明电机、高压电池装置与发动机不再共用一套冷却系统：转而为发动机设计独立的发动机冷却装置；电机、高压电池装置、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件通过三电冷却系统冷却散热，有效提高散热性能。
4、本发明储气筒装置不再全部布置在车架侧面，而采用分散式布置方式，协同上置式高压电池装置共同作用，分散式布置的储气筒装置，不再牺牲油箱和高压电池装置容积，不限制混合模式续航里程，在混合模式下，可延长行驶里程，解决了续驶里程短的问题。
5、本发明常规情形下，具备加速助力功能，可以弥补发动机动力瞬时响应不足的缺陷，提高整车动力性能。
6、本发明采用电动空调压缩机，可减少燃油消耗，节省燃油成本，提升汽车动力性、经济性。
7、本发明结构简单，底盘零部件布置合理，空间利用率高，可直接在常规车上改装和实现换电功能，便于装配，能实现系列化、模块化，适合推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明有关高压电池装置布置的轴测图；
图2为本发明俯视图；
图中：1-三电冷却系统膨胀水箱，2-高压电池装置，3-鞍座，4-车架，5-驱动桥，6-中桥，7-燃油箱，8-BMS控制器，9-尿素箱，10-前桥，11-三合一控制器与上车踏步合件，12-三电冷却系统，13-蓄电池，14-排气后处理装置，15-变速箱，16-电机，17-电动空调压缩机，18-发动机，19-发动机冷却装置，20-储气筒装置，21-驱动桥中间传动轴，22-中桥传动轴，23-电动转向器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图1-2，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
(如图1所示)插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，具有在车架4上由前至后依次设置的前桥10、中桥6和驱动桥5。
所述中桥6和驱动桥5之间位于所述车架4上部设有鞍座3。拖车压力作用在这个鞍座3平板上，保证挂车的行驶安全性和稳定性。
(结合图2)所述前桥10上部中心位置设有发动机18；保证重心稳定。所述发动机18后端依次经电机16、变速箱15、中桥传动轴22、驱动桥中间传动轴21与驱动桥5输入端相连。
本发明为并联式混合动力系统，综合了纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车的优点,既可实现纯电动、零排放行驶；也能通过混动模式增加车辆续驶里程；有效解决纯电动车的续航问题以及传统车辆的油耗高问题；同时能够满足用户挂绿牌、享受政府补贴和地方路政路权需求，是新能源汽车另一种发展方向。常规情形下，具备基本加速助力功能，可以弥补发动机动力瞬时响应不够快的不足，提升整车动力性能。
具体地：本发明具备纯电、燃油、混动三种驱动模式，可最大化节能减排，经济效益高，满足用户特定诉求；通过电池热管理优化，制动回收能力及主动限速功能设计等方面提升整车安全性。
牵引车在纯电模式下：本发明由电机16驱动，高压电池装置2给电机16提供电源，在满载等速40km/h时，可行驶50km，满足用户挂绿牌、享受政府补贴和地方路政路权要求。
在燃油模式下：本发明由发动机18驱动，燃油箱7给发动机18提供燃料，可有效解决纯电动车的续航问题。
在混动模式下：本发明由电机16驱动，起步后纯电驱动，发动机18不参与工作；直到达到设定车速，发动机18切入；当车速低于发动机18切入车速时，整车处于电机16为主驱动状态。电机16驱动扭矩随油门开度和转速而变化：需要加速时，由高压电池装置2向电机16供电，电机16与发动机18一同驱动车辆行驶，从而使牵引车迅速加速；同时较传统车油耗有所降低，可提升燃油经济性。牵引车减速时，若需要缓慢减速，制动力主要由电机16提供，电机16起发电机作用，将部分制动能量转化为电能，经充电电路处理后在高压电池装置2进行存储，用于供需要时使用，制动系统不参与上述过程，用于减小制动部件损耗。若牵引车需要在较短时间内大幅减速，制动系统与电机16共同提供制动力。与传统牵引车相比，由于电机16参与制动，牵引车能得到更大的制动力，即相当于传统牵引车的缓速器装置，可以减轻制动系统的热衰减情况。
不仅如此，本发明电机16不再直接与驱动桥5相连，减少簧下重量负荷，有利操控，有助提升整车操纵稳定性能。
可见，本发明解决了混合动力无纯电模式，无法满足挂绿牌要求，无法享受政府补贴和地方路政路权等问题，同时无需减少油箱容积，在混合模式下，可延长行驶里程，解决了续驶里程短的问题。
所述变速箱15上端以及驾驶室后侧车架4的左、右梁上翼面设有高压电池装置2，且所述高压电池装置2与电机16电路相连。
可见，动力电池即高压电池装置2较布置在后桥中心线以前，车架左右两侧的技术方案而言：重心稳定，空间充足，电池容量大，续航里程远，方便维护。
本专利牵引车在纯电模式下，由电机16驱动，高压电池装置2给电机16提供电源，在满载等速40km/h时，可行驶50km，能够满足用户挂绿牌、享受政府补贴和地方路政路权要求。
高压电池装置2给电机16提供电源，电机16能在起步工况、加速工况、制动工况中分别提供电机扭矩、制动力矩，以提高车辆的动力性能与制动性能。
上述实施例中，进一步地：还包括布置于车架4左侧从前至后依次设置的尿素箱9、BMS控制器8、燃油箱7。
上述实施例中，进一步地：所述尿素箱9靠近发动机18设置，尿素箱9与燃油箱7设于车加4同侧，加油的同时方便尿素箱9的补加。
具有BMS控制器8，用于管理电池单元。例如，可平衡各单元电压的系统,调节电压、确保电池不超负荷。某特定电池单元出现故障时,BMS控制器8具有的电芯均衡功能，可控制其他电池单元代替其工作从而不影响。
同时，上述实施例中，进一步地：所述发动机18前侧设有独立的发动机冷却装置19。
可见，电机16、高压电池装置2与发动机18不再共用一套冷却系统：转而为发动机18设计独立的发动机冷却装置19；有效提高整车散热性能。
上述实施例中，进一步地：还包括布置于车架4右侧从前至后依次设置的排气后处理装置14、蓄电池13、三电冷却系统12以及三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11。
上述实施例中，进一步地：所述三电冷却系统12用于电机16、高压电池装置2、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11的散热。
电机16、高压电池装置2、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11通过三电冷却系统12冷却散热，有效保证大三电系统的散热性能。即通过三电冷却系统12对大三电系统冷却，提升大三电系统散热性能。
上述实施例中，进一步地：所述排气后处理装置14靠近发动机18设置，提高排气效率。
上述实施例中，进一步地：所述排气后处理装置14设有隔热罩；防止排气后处理装置14排气散热影响周围设施。所述三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11设有防护罩，防护罩有效防护三合一控制器。
上述实施例中，进一步地：还包括三电冷却系统膨胀水箱1；所述三电冷却系统膨胀水箱1布置于高压电池装置2具有的防护罩内。
三电冷却系统膨胀水箱1把冷却系变成永久性封闭系统，减少了冷却液的损失；避免空气不断进入，避免机件氧化腐蚀；减少穴蚀；使冷却系中水、汽分离，保持系统内压力稳定，提高水泵泵水量，冷却系统运行更加稳定可靠。
上述实施例中，进一步地：还包括布置在车架4前端左右两侧的电动转向器23和电动空调压缩机17。电动转向器23和电动空调压缩机17为小三电系统。可见，本发明采用电动空调压缩机17，可减少燃油消耗，节省燃油成本，提升汽车动力性、经济性。
上述实施例中，进一步地：还包括储气筒装置20；所述储气筒装置20位于车架4左右两内侧和车架尾梁下翼面各设置一个。
本发明储气筒装置20不再全部布置在车架4侧面，而采用分散式布置方式，协同前文上置式高压电池装置2共同作用，分散式布置的储气筒装置20，不再牺牲燃油箱7和高压电池装置2的安装容积，不限制混合模式续航里程，在混合模式下，可延长行驶里程，解决了混合动力车续驶里程短的问题。
通过以上描述可以发现：本发明主要适用于牵引车，常规情形下，具备加速助力功能，可以弥补发动机动力瞬时响应不足的缺陷，提高整车动力性能。
车辆加速时，由高压电池装置2向电机16供电，电机16与发动机18一同驱动车辆，使牵引车迅速加速，同时较传统车油耗有所降低，可提升燃油经济性。
牵引车减速时，若需要缓慢减速，则制动力可主要由电机16提供，电机16此时起发电机作用，将部分制动能量转化为电能，经充电电路处理后在高压电池装置2进行存储，供需要时使用，制动系统不参与上述过程，并能减小制动部件损耗。
若牵引车需要在较短时间内大幅减速，则制动系统与电机16共同提供制动力，与传统牵引车相比，由于电机16参与制动，牵引车能得到更大的制动力，即相当于传统牵引车的缓速器装置，可以减轻制动系统的热衰减情况。
本发明底盘布置结构，在不更改传统样车的现有布置结构的基础上，增加电机16、高压电池装置2、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11，三电冷却系统12、电动转向器23。不但可以提升汽车动力性能、经济性能、制动性能；而且有效解决了纯电动车的续航问题以及传统车辆油耗高问题；同时能够满足用户挂绿牌、享受政府补贴和地方路政路权需求；且三电冷却系统12直接给电机16、高压电池装置2和三合一控制器与上车踏步合件11提供散热功能，发动机冷却装置19对发动机单独提供散热；可以提升整车综合散热性能。
同时，高压电池装置2布置在变速箱15上端，驾驶室后侧及车架4左、右梁上翼面，充分利用了驾驶室后端与挂车间空间，布局合理，空间利用率较高；而且安全性较强，便于后期实现换电功能，能实现系列化、模块化操作；重心稳定，电池容量充足。
综上所述，本发明结构简单，底盘零部件布置合理，空间利用率高，可直接在常规车上改装和实现换电功能，便于装配，能实现系列化、模块化，适合推广。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用相关的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：具有在车架(4)上由前至后依次设置的前桥(10)、中桥(6)和驱动桥(5)；所述前桥(10)上部中心位置设有发动机(18)；所述发动机(18)后端依次经电机(16)、变速箱(15)、中桥传动轴(22)、驱动桥中间传动轴(21)与驱动桥(5)输入端相连；所述变速箱(15)上端以及驾驶室后侧车架(4)的左右梁上翼面设有高压电池装置(2)，且所述高压电池装置(2)与电机(16)电路相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：还包括布置于车架(4)左侧从前至后依次设置的尿素箱(9)、BMS控制器(8)、燃油箱(7)。
3.根据权利要求2所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：所述尿素箱(9)靠近发动机(18)设置。
4.根据权利要求1所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：还包括布置于车架(4)右侧从前至后依次设置的排气后处理装置(14)、蓄电池(13)、三电冷却系统(12)以及三合一控制器与上车踏步合件(11)。
5.根据权利要求4所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：所述排气后处理装置(14)靠近发动机(18)设置；所述发动机(18)前侧设有独立的发动机冷却装置(19)。
6.根据权利要求4所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：所述三电冷却系统(12)用于电机(16)、高压电池装置(2)、三合一控制器与上车踏步合件(11)的散热。
7.根据权利要求4所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：所述排气后处理装置(14)设有隔热罩；所述三合一控制器与上车踏步合件(11)设有防护罩。
8.根据权利要求1所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：还包括三电冷却系统膨胀水箱(1)；所述三电冷却系统膨胀水箱(1)布置于高压电池装置(2)具有的防护罩内。
9.根据权利要求1所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：还包括布置在车架(4)前端左右两侧的电动转向器(23)和电动空调压缩机(17)。
10.根据权利要求1所述插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘，其特征在于：还包括储气筒装置(20)；所述储气筒装置(20)位于车架(4)左右两内侧和车架尾梁下翼面各设置一个。
CN202210550973.7A 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 插电式混合动力重型牵引车底盘 Pending CN114801697A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115384620A (zh) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-25 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种应用于港口运输的自动驾驶纯电动平板集卡

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115384620A (zh) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-25 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种应用于港口运输的自动驾驶纯电动平板集卡
CN115384620B (zh) * 2022-08-23 2024-01-23 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种应用于港口运输的自动驾驶纯电动平板集卡

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